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Scientific Results
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Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309486165 Total Pages :257 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
Book Synopsis Managing Scientific Information and Research Data by : Svetla Baykoucheva
Download or read book Managing Scientific Information and Research Data written by Svetla Baykoucheva and published by Chandos Publishing. This book was released on 2015-07-14 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovative technologies are changing the way research is performed, preserved, and communicated. Managing Scientific Information and Research Data explores how these technologies are used and provides detailed analysis of the approaches and tools developed to manage scientific information and data. Following an introduction, the book is then divided into 15 chapters discussing the changes in scientific communication; new models of publishing and peer review; ethics in scientific communication; preservation of data; discovery tools; discipline-specific practices of researchers for gathering and using scientific information; academic social networks; bibliographic management tools; information literacy and the information needs of students and researchers; the involvement of academic libraries in eScience and the new opportunities it presents to librarians; and interviews with experts in scientific information and publishing. Promotes innovative technologies for creating, sharing and managing scientific content Presents new models of scientific publishing, peer review, and dissemination of information Serves as a practical guide for researchers, students, and librarians on how to discover, filter, and manage scientific information Advocates for the adoption of unique author identifiers such as ORCID and ResearcherID Looks into new tools that make scientific information easy to discover and manage Shows what eScience is and why it is becoming a priority for academic libraries Demonstrates how Electronic Laboratory Notebooks can be used to record, store, share, and manage research data Shows how social media and the new area of Altmetrics increase researchers’ visibility and measure attention to their research Directs to sources for datasets Provides directions on choosing and using bibliographic management tools Critically examines the metrics used to evaluate research impact Aids strategic thinking and informs decision making
Book Synopsis Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data by : Massimiliano Bonamente
Download or read book Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data written by Massimiliano Bonamente and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this textbook provides the reader with a solid foundation in probability theory and statistics as applied to the physical sciences, engineering and related fields. It covers a broad range of numerical and analytical methods that are essential for the correct analysis of scientific data, including probability theory, distribution functions of statistics, fits to two-dimensional data and parameter estimation, Monte Carlo methods and Markov chains. Features new to this edition include: • a discussion of statistical techniques employed in business science, such as multiple regression analysis of multivariate datasets. • a new chapter on the various measures of the mean including logarithmic averages. • new chapters on systematic errors and intrinsic scatter, and on the fitting of data with bivariate errors. • a new case study and additional worked examples. • mathematical derivations and theoretical background material have been appropriately marked, to improve the readability of the text. • end-of-chapter summary boxes, for easy reference. As in the first edition, the main pedagogical method is a theory-then-application approach, where emphasis is placed first on a sound understanding of the underlying theory of a topic, which becomes the basis for an efficient and practical application of the material. The level is appropriate for undergraduates and beginning graduate students, and as a reference for the experienced researcher. Basic calculus is used in some of the derivations, and no previous background in probability and statistics is required. The book includes many numerical tables of data, as well as exercises and examples to aid the readers' understanding of the topic.
Book Synopsis The Scientific Results of the Exhibition by : Edwin Ray Lankester
Download or read book The Scientific Results of the Exhibition written by Edwin Ray Lankester and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-01-26 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1883.
Book Synopsis A Practical Guide to Scientific Data Analysis by : David J. Livingstone
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Scientific Data Analysis written by David J. Livingstone and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-10 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by the author's need for practical guidance in the processes of data analysis, A Practical Guide to Scientific Data Analysis has been written as a statistical companion for the working scientist. This handbook of data analysis with worked examples focuses on the application of mathematical and statistical techniques and the interpretation of their results. Covering the most common statistical methods for examining and exploring relationships in data, the text includes extensive examples from a variety of scientific disciplines. The chapters are organised logically, from planning an experiment, through examining and displaying the data, to constructing quantitative models. Each chapter is intended to stand alone so that casual users can refer to the section that is most appropriate to their problem. Written by a highly qualified and internationally respected author this text: Presents statistics for the non-statistician Explains a variety of methods to extract information from data Describes the application of statistical methods to the design of “performance chemicals” Emphasises the application of statistical techniques and the interpretation of their results Of practical use to chemists, biochemists, pharmacists, biologists and researchers from many other scientific disciplines in both industry and academia.
Author :Committee on Utilization of Technologies Developed at Russian Research and Educational Institutions Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309592348 Total Pages :149 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (95 download)
Book Synopsis Technology Commercialization by : Committee on Utilization of Technologies Developed at Russian Research and Educational Institutions
Download or read book Technology Commercialization written by Committee on Utilization of Technologies Developed at Russian Research and Educational Institutions and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-12-23 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of papersby American and Russian specialistsaddresses a variety of legal, regulatory, institutional, and financial issues that can promote or hinder technology commercialization. The book is the result of a series of workshops organized by the National Research Council with the Russian Academy of Sciences on commercialization of technologies, particularly those developed at research and educational institutions. Technology Commercialization concludes with a list of actions, programs, and policies which warrant further consideration as Russia tries to improve the success of technology commercialization. This book will be of interest to those concerned with small-business development in post-communist states, university technology management, and comparative technology commercialization.
Book Synopsis Isaac Newton's Scientific Method by : William L. Harper
Download or read book Isaac Newton's Scientific Method written by William L. Harper and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-08 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliographical references (p. [397]-410) and index.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309392055 Total Pages :133 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Statistical Challenges in Assessing and Fostering the Reproducibility of Scientific Results written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the reproducibility of scientific research have been raised in numerous settings and have gained visibility through several high-profile journal and popular press articles. Quantitative issues contributing to reproducibility challenges have been considered (including improper data measurement and analysis, inadequate statistical expertise, and incomplete data, among others), but there is no clear consensus on how best to approach or to minimize these problems. A lack of reproducibility of scientific results has created some distrust in scientific findings among the general public, scientists, funding agencies, and industries. While studies fail for a variety of reasons, many factors contribute to the lack of perfect reproducibility, including insufficient training in experimental design, misaligned incentives for publication and the implications for university tenure, intentional manipulation, poor data management and analysis, and inadequate instances of statistical inference. The workshop summarized in this report was designed not to address the social and experimental challenges but instead to focus on the latter issues of improper data management and analysis, inadequate statistical expertise, incomplete data, and difficulties applying sound statistic inference to the available data. Many efforts have emerged over recent years to draw attention to and improve reproducibility of scientific work. This report uniquely focuses on the statistical perspective of three issues: the extent of reproducibility, the causes of reproducibility failures, and the potential remedies for these failures.
Book Synopsis Ten Years of TerraSAR-X—Scientific Results by : Michael Eineder
Download or read book Ten Years of TerraSAR-X—Scientific Results written by Michael Eineder and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue is a collection of papers addressing the scientific use of data acquired in the course of the TerraSAR-X mission 10 years after launch. The articles deal with the mission itself, the accuracy of the products, with differential interferometry, and with applications in the domains cryosphere, oceans, wetlands, and urban areas.
Book Synopsis Scientific results of the Katmai expeditions of the National Geographic Society. I-X by : Robert Fiske Griggs
Download or read book Scientific results of the Katmai expeditions of the National Geographic Society. I-X written by Robert Fiske Griggs and published by Рипол Классик. This book was released on 1918 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific Results of the Snellius Expedition in the Eastern Part of Netherland East-indies 1929-1930 Vol. 1 - Chapters I-iv by :
Download or read book Scientific Results of the Snellius Expedition in the Eastern Part of Netherland East-indies 1929-1930 Vol. 1 - Chapters I-iv written by and published by Brill Archive. This book was released on with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neurolaw: The Call for Adjusting Theory Based on Scientific Results by : José M. Muñoz
Download or read book Neurolaw: The Call for Adjusting Theory Based on Scientific Results written by José M. Muñoz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-10 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Book Synopsis The Power of Optical/IR Interferometry: Recent Scientific Results and 2nd Generation Instrumentation by : Andrea Richichi
Download or read book The Power of Optical/IR Interferometry: Recent Scientific Results and 2nd Generation Instrumentation written by Andrea Richichi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-12 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Celebrating the completion of the first phase of VLTI development, the ESO workshop The Power of Optical/IR Interferometry, held in 2005, gathered researchers together to review and discuss not just interferometers, but also how science uses interferometers and their impact on astronomy as a whole. This volume contains the proceedings of this workshop, serving as a reference for astronomers working with optical and infrared interferometry.
Author :Siegmund-Schultze, Marianna Publisher :Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin ISBN 13 :3798328935 Total Pages :132 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Guidance manual – a compilation of actor-relevant content extracted from scientific results of the INNOVATE project by : Siegmund-Schultze, Marianna
Download or read book Guidance manual – a compilation of actor-relevant content extracted from scientific results of the INNOVATE project written by Siegmund-Schultze, Marianna and published by Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin. This book was released on 2017-05-16 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INNOVATE was a comprehensive, collaborative, and binational research project. It ran from January 2012 through December 2016. Brazil and Brazil’s Northeast in particular suffered from a severe drought period from 2012 onwards. Management and governance of natural resources faced serious challenges related to access to water. Important long-term drivers that call for recurrent adaptation of actions are land use change, population growth, climate change, and conflicts from the multiple uses of water. The scientific project addressed this complex situation through research aimed at suggesting practices and pathways towards ecologically and socioeconomically sound management of land, water and biodiversity. The INNOVATE project had one focus on the entire watershed of the São Francisco River and another one on a portion of the watershed – the Itaparica Reservoir and the semi-arid area north of the artificial lake. Researchers with different backgrounds worked within their disciplines, in groups (interdisciplinary) and together with stakeholders (transdisciplinary). The Guidance Manual is a compilation of actor-relevant content extracted from the scientific research results. Most recommendations put forward can be adapted as principles and standards for reservoir and semi-arid regions elsewhere in the world. INNOVATE war ein umfassendes, bi-nationales Verbundforschungsprojekt zwischen Brasilien und Deutschland, mit einer Kernlaufzeit von Januar 2012 bis Dezember 2016. Im Jahr 2012 begann eine besonders schwere Dürreperiode, welche nicht nur den sowieso trockenen Nordosten Brasiliens traf, sondern auch weitere Teile des Landes. Die stark eingeschränkte Wasserverfügbarkeit wurde zum zentralen Thema von Management und Governance der natürlichen Ressourcen. Wichtige langfristige Treiber, welche eine kontinuierliche Anpassung des Handelns notwendig machen, sind Landnutzungsänderungen, Bevölkerungswachstum, Klimawandel und Konflikte um die verschiedenen Wassernutzungsansprüche. Im Projekt wurden Praktiken und Ansätze zur ökologisch und sozialökonomisch verträglichen Bewirtschaftung von Wasser, Land und Biodiversität entwickelt. Das Studiengebiet des INNOVATE-Projekts umfasste dabei das gesamte Wassereinzugsgebiet des São Francisco Flusses, wobei Feldforschung im semi-ariden Umland nördlich des Itaparica Stausees stattfand. Forscher und Forscherinnen aus verschiedenen Disziplinen arbeiteten disziplinär, in Gruppen (interdisziplinär) sowie gemeinsam mit Stakeholdern (transdisziplinär). Das vorliegende Handbuch ist eine Zusammenstellung von Stakeholder-relevanten Empfehlungen, welche aus den Ergebnissen der wissenschaftlichen Forschung abgeleitet wurden. Die meisten hier vorgestellten Handlungsempfehlungen können weltweit an vergleichbare Stausee- und semi-aride Regionen angepasst werden.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309475201 Total Pages :399 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Returning Individual Research Results to Participants by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Returning Individual Research Results to Participants written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When is it appropriate to return individual research results to participants? The immense interest in this question has been fostered by the growing movement toward greater transparency and participant engagement in the research enterprise. Yet, the risks of returning individual research resultsâ€"such as results with unknown validityâ€"and the associated burdens on the research enterprise are competing considerations. Returning Individual Research Results to Participants reviews the current evidence on the benefits, harms, and costs of returning individual research results, while also considering the ethical, social, operational, and regulatory aspects of the practice. This report includes 12 recommendations directed to various stakeholdersâ€"investigators, sponsors, research institutions, institutional review boards (IRBs), regulators, and participantsâ€"and are designed to help (1) support decision making regarding the return of results on a study-by-study basis, (2) promote high-quality individual research results, (3) foster participant understanding of individual research results, and (4) revise and harmonize current regulations.
Book Synopsis Sharing Publication-Related Data and Materials by : National Research Council
Download or read book Sharing Publication-Related Data and Materials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-04-17 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biologists communicate to the research community and document their scientific accomplishments by publishing in scholarly journals. This report explores the responsibilities of authors to share data, software, and materials related to their publications. In addition to describing the principles that support community standards for sharing different kinds of data and materials, the report makes recommendations for ways to facilitate sharing in the future.
Book Synopsis Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-07-29 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scores of talented and dedicated people serve the forensic science community, performing vitally important work. However, they are often constrained by lack of adequate resources, sound policies, and national support. It is clear that change and advancements, both systematic and scientific, are needed in a number of forensic science disciplines to ensure the reliability of work, establish enforceable standards, and promote best practices with consistent application. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States: A Path Forward provides a detailed plan for addressing these needs and suggests the creation of a new government entity, the National Institute of Forensic Science, to establish and enforce standards within the forensic science community. The benefits of improving and regulating the forensic science disciplines are clear: assisting law enforcement officials, enhancing homeland security, and reducing the risk of wrongful conviction and exoneration. Strengthening Forensic Science in the United States gives a full account of what is needed to advance the forensic science disciplines, including upgrading of systems and organizational structures, better training, widespread adoption of uniform and enforceable best practices, and mandatory certification and accreditation programs. While this book provides an essential call-to-action for congress and policy makers, it also serves as a vital tool for law enforcement agencies, criminal prosecutors and attorneys, and forensic science educators.