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Scientific Models Of Legal Reasoning
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Book Synopsis Scientific Models of Legal Reasoning by : Scott Brewer
Download or read book Scientific Models of Legal Reasoning written by Scott Brewer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998. This five-volume series contains some of this century's most influential or thought provoking articles on the subject of legal argument that have appeared in Anglo-American philosophy journals and law reviews. This volume offers a collection of essays by philosophers and legal scholars on economics, artificial intelligence and the physical sciences.
Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Legal Reasoning: Scientific models of legal reasoning by :
Download or read book The Philosophy of Legal Reasoning: Scientific models of legal reasoning written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Philosophy of Legal Reasoning:scientific Models of Legal by : s; nozick brewer (r)
Download or read book Philosophy of Legal Reasoning:scientific Models of Legal written by s; nozick brewer (r) and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Legal Reasoning: Scientific models of legal reasoning : economics, artificial intelligence, and the physical sciences by :
Download or read book The Philosophy of Legal Reasoning: Scientific models of legal reasoning : economics, artificial intelligence, and the physical sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Legal Reasoning by : Scott Brewer
Download or read book The Philosophy of Legal Reasoning written by Scott Brewer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1998 with total page 2048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Available individually by volume 1. Logic, Probability, and Presumption in Legal Reasoning (0-8153-2655-6) 416 pages 2. Precedents, Statutes, and Analysis of Legal Concepts (0-8153-2656-4) 400 pages 3. Moral Theory and Legal Reasoning (0-8153-2657-2) 408 pages 4. Evolution and Revolution in Theories of Legal Reasoning (0-8153-2658-0) 400 pages 5. Scientific Models of Legal Reasoning (0-8153-2757-9) 424 pages
Book Synopsis Modeling Legal Argument by : Kevin D. Ashley
Download or read book Modeling Legal Argument written by Kevin D. Ashley and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1990 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Modeling Legal Argument "provides a comprehensive treatment of case-based reasoning and a detailed description of a computer program called Hypo, that models the way attorneys argue with cases, real and hypothetical. The program offers significant advantages over "keyword" case retrieval systems in the legal field and demonstrates how to design expert systems that assist the user by presenting reasonable alternative answers on all sides of an issue and by citing case examples to explain their advice.Hypo analyzes problem situations dealing with trade secrets disputes, retrieves relevant legal cases from its database and fashions them into reasonable legal arguments about who should win. The arguments demonstrate the program's ability to reason symbolically with past cases, to draw factual analogies between cases, to cite them in arguments, to distinguish them, and to pose counter-examples and hypotheticals based on past cases."Modeling Legal Argument "discusses the law as a paradigm of case-based argument, introduces Hypo and its adversarial reasoning process, provides an overview of the Hypo program, and gives extended examples of the model's reasoning capabilities. It describes the case knowledge base, a dimensional index, basic mechanisms of case-based reasoning, and offers a theory of case-based argument in Hypo. Ashley evaluates Hypo's performance and takes up adversarial case-based reasoning beyond the law and extensions of the Hypo model.Kevin D. Ashley is a Research Scientist at the Learning Research an Development Center and Assistant Professor of Law at the University of Pittsburgh. "Modeling Legal Argument is "included in the Artificial Intelligence and Legal Reasoning series, edited by L. Thorne McCarty and Edwina L. Rissland.
Book Synopsis Scientific Models of Legal Reasoning by : Scott Brewer
Download or read book Scientific Models of Legal Reasoning written by Scott Brewer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998. This five-volume series contains some of this century's most influential or thought provoking articles on the subject of legal argument that have appeared in Anglo-American philosophy journals and law reviews. This volume offers a collection of essays by philosophers and legal scholars on economics, artificial intelligence and the physical sciences.
Book Synopsis Demystifying Legal Reasoning by : Larry Alexander
Download or read book Demystifying Legal Reasoning written by Larry Alexander and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-06-16 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demystifying Legal Reasoning defends the proposition that there are no special forms of reasoning peculiar to law. Legal decision makers engage in the same modes of reasoning that all actors use in deciding what to do: open-ended moral reasoning, empirical reasoning, and deduction from authoritative rules. This book addresses common law reasoning when prior judicial decisions determine the law, and interpretation of texts. In both areas, the popular view that legal decision makers practise special forms of reasoning is false.
Book Synopsis Computational Models of Argument by : H. Prakken
Download or read book Computational Models of Argument written by H. Prakken and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2020-09-25 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The investigation of computational models of argument is a rich and fascinating interdisciplinary research field with two ultimate aims: the theoretical goal of understanding argumentation as a cognitive phenomenon by modeling it in computer programs, and the practical goal of supporting the development of computer-based systems able to engage in argumentation-related activities with human users or among themselves. The biennial International Conferences on Computational Models of Argument (COMMA) provide a dedicated forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest advancements in the field, and cover both basic research and innovative applications. This book presents the proceedings of COMMA 2020. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, COMMA 2020 was held as an online event on the originally scheduled dates of 8 -11 September 2020, organised by the University of Perugia, Italy. The book includes 28 full papers and 13 short papers selected from a total of 78 submissions, the abstracts of 3 invited talks and 13 demonstration abstracts. The interdisciplinary nature of the field is reflected, and contributions cover both theory and practice. Theoretical contributions include new formal models, the study of formal or computational properties of models, designs for implemented systems and experimental research. Practical papers include applications to medicine, law and criminal investigation, chatbots and online product reviews. The argument-mining trend from previous COMMA’s is continued, while an emerging trend this year is the use of argumentation for explainable AI. The book provided an overview of the latest work on computational models of argument, and will be of interest to all those working in the field.
Book Synopsis Logical Models of Legal Argumentation by : H. Prakken
Download or read book Logical Models of Legal Argumentation written by H. Prakken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of forms of legal reasoning, logic and argumentation theory long followed separate tracks. `Legal logicians' tended to focus on a deductive reconstruction of justifying a decision, disregarding the dialectical process leading to the chosen justification. Others instead emphasized the adversarial and discretionary nature of legal reasoning, involving reasonable evaluation of alternative choices, and the use of analogical reasoning. Recently, however, developments in Artificial Intelligence and Law have paved the way for overcoming this separation. Logic has widened its scope to defensible argumentation, and informal accounts of analogy and dialectics have inspired the construction of computer programs. Thus the prospect is emerging of an integrated logical and dialectical account of legal argument, adding to the understanding of legal reasoning, and providing a formal basis for computer tools that assist and mediate legal debates while leaving room for human initiative. This book presents contributions to this development. From a logical point of view it covers topics such as evaluating conflicting arguments, weighing reasons, modelling legal disputes as a dialogue game, the role of the burden of proof, the relation between principles, rules, reasons and facts, and the relation between deductive and nondeductive arguments. Written by leading scholars in the field and building on recent developments in logic and Artificial Intelligence, the chapters provide a state-of-the-art account of research on the logical aspects of legal argument.
Book Synopsis Logical Tools for Modelling Legal Argument by : H. Prakken
Download or read book Logical Tools for Modelling Legal Argument written by H. Prakken and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a revised and extended version of my PhD Thesis 'Logical Tools for Modelling Legal Argument', which I defended on 14 January 1993 at the Free University Amsterdam. The first five chapters of the thesis have remained almost completely unchanged but the other chapters have undergone considerable revision and expansion. Most importantly, I have replaced the formal argument-based system of the old Chapters 6, 7 and 8 with a revised and extended system, whieh I have developed during the last three years in collaboration with Giovanni Sartor. Apart from some technical improvements, the main additions to the old system are the enriehment of its language with a nonprovability operator, and the ability to formalise reasoning about preference criteria. Moreover, the new system has a very intuitive dialectieal form, as opposed to the rather unintuitive fixed-point appearance of the old system. Another important revision is the split of the old Chapter 9 into two new chapters. The old Section 9. 1 on related research has been updated and expanded into a whole chapter, while the rest of the old chapter is now in revised form in Chapter 10. This chapter also contains two new contributions, a detailed discussion of Gordon's Pleadings Game, and a general description of a multi-Iayered overall view on the structure of argu mentation, comprising a logieal, dialectical, procedural and strategie layer. Finally, in the revised conclusion I have paid more attention to the relevance of my investigations for legal philosophy and argumentation theory.
Book Synopsis Informatics and the Foundations of Legal Reasoning by : Z. Bankowski
Download or read book Informatics and the Foundations of Legal Reasoning written by Z. Bankowski and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informatics and the Foundations of Legal Reasoning represents a close collaboration between a wide range of disciplines and countries. Fourteen papers, together with a long analytical introduction by the editors, were selected from the contributions of legal theorists, computer scientists, philosophers and logicians who were members of an International Working Group supported by the European Commission. The Group was mandated to work towards determining how far the law is amenable to formal modeling, and in what ways computers might assist legal thinking and practice. The book is the result of discussions held by the Group over two and half years. It will help students and researchers from different backgrounds to focus on a common set of topics of increasing general interest. It embodies the results of work in progress and suggests many issues for further discussion. A stimulating text for undergraduate and graduate courses in law, philosophy and computer science departments, as well as for those interested in the place of computers in legal practice, especially at the international level.
Book Synopsis Reasoning with Rules and Precedents by : L. Karl Branting
Download or read book Reasoning with Rules and Precedents written by L. Karl Branting and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few areas of human expertise are so well understood that they can be completely reduced to general principles. Similarly, there are few domains in which experience is so extensive that every new problem precisely matches a previous problem whose solution is known. When neither rules nor examples are individually sufficient, problem-solving expertise depends on integrating both. This book presents a computational framework for the integration of rules and cases for analytic tasks typified by legal analysis. The book uses the framework for integrating cases and rules as a basis for a new model of legal precedents. This model explains how the theory under which a case is decided controls the case's precedential effect. The framework for integrating rules and cases is implemented in GREBE, a system for legal analysis. The book presents techniques for representing, indexing, and comparing complex cases and for converting justification structures based on rules and case into natural-language text. This book will interest researchers in artificial intelligence, particularly those involved in case-based reasoning, artificial intelligence and law, and formal models of argumentation, and to scholars in legal philosophy, jurisprudence, and analogical reasoning.
Download or read book Indeterminacy written by Donald H. Berman and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology by : Lorenzo Magnani
Download or read book Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology written by Lorenzo Magnani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-09-24 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systematically presented to enhance the feasibility of fuzzy models, this book introduces the novel concept of a fuzzy network whose nodes are rule bases and their interconnections are interactions between rule bases in the form of outputs fed as inputs.
Book Synopsis A Primer on Legal Reasoning by : Michael Evan Gold
Download or read book A Primer on Legal Reasoning written by Michael Evan Gold and published by ILR Press. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After years of teaching law courses to undergraduate, graduate, and law students, Michael Evan Gold has come to believe that the traditional way of teaching – analysis, explanation, and example – is superior to the Socratic Method for students at the outset of their studies. In courses taught Socratically, even the most gifted students can struggle, and many others are lost in a fog for months. Gold offers a meta approach to teaching legal reasoning, bringing the process of argumentation to the fore. Using examples both from the law and from daily life, Gold's book will help undergraduates and first-year law students to understand legal discourse. The book analyzes and illustrates the principles of legal reasoning, such as logical deduction, analogies and distinctions, and application of law to fact, and even solves the mystery of how to spot an issue. In Gold's experience, students who understand the principles of analytical thinking are able to understand arguments, to evaluate and reply to them, and ultimately to construct sound arguments of their own.
Book Synopsis Reasoning with Rules and Precedents by : Karl Branting
Download or read book Reasoning with Rules and Precedents written by Karl Branting and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few areas of human expertise are so well understood that they can be completely reduced to general principles. Similarly, there are few domains in which experience is so extensive that every new problem precisely matches a previous problem whose solution is known. When neither rules nor examples are individually sufficient, problem-solving expertise depends on integrating both. This book presents a computational framework for the integration of rules and cases for analytic tasks typified by legal analysis. The book uses the framework for integrating cases and rules as a basis for a new model of legal precedents. This model explains how the theory under which a case is decided controls the case's precedential effect. The framework for integrating rules and cases is implemented in GREBE, a system for legal analysis. The book presents techniques for representing, indexing, and comparing complex cases and for converting justification structures based on rules and case into natural-language text. This book will interest researchers in artificial intelligence, particularly those involved in case-based reasoning, artificial intelligence and law, and formal models of argumentation, and to scholars in legal philosophy, jurisprudence, and analogical reasoning.
