Science And Technology In Post Mao China

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Science and Technology in Post-Mao China

Author : Denis Fred Simon
Publisher : Harvard Univ Asia Center
ISBN 13 : 9780674794757
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (947 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology in Post-Mao China by : Denis Fred Simon

Download or read book Science and Technology in Post-Mao China written by Denis Fred Simon and published by Harvard Univ Asia Center. This book was released on 1989 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Along with the political and economic reforms that have characterized the post-Mao era in China there has been a potentially revolutionary change in Chinese science and technology. Here sixteen scholars examine various facets of the current science and technology scene, comparing it with the past and speculating about future trends. Two chapters dealing with science under the Nationalists and under Mao are followed by a section of extensive analysis of reforms under Deng Xiaoping, focusing on the organizational system, the use of human resources, and the emerging response to market forces. Chapters dealing with changes in medical care, agriculture, and military research and development demonstrate how these reforms have affected specific areas during the Chinese shift away from Party orthodoxy and Maoist populism toward professional expertise as the guiding principle in science and technology. Three further chapters deal with China's interface with the world at large in the process of technology transfer. Both the introductory and concluding chapters describe the tension between the Chinese Communist Party structure, with its inclinations toward strict vertical control, and the scientific and technological community's need for a free flow of information across organizational, disciplinary, and national boundaries.

Mr. Science and Chairman Mao's Cultural Revolution

Author : Chunjuan Nancy Wei
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0739149741
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Mr. Science and Chairman Mao's Cultural Revolution by : Chunjuan Nancy Wei

Download or read book Mr. Science and Chairman Mao's Cultural Revolution written by Chunjuan Nancy Wei and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2013 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China is emerging as a new superpower in science and technology, reflected in the success of its spacecraft and high-velocity Maglev trains. While many seek to understand the rise of China as a technologically-based power, the Cultural Revolution of the 1960s may seem an unlikely era to explore for these insights. Despite the widespread verdict of the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution as an unmitigated disaster for China, a number of recent scholars have called for re-examining Maoist science--both in China and in the West. At one time Western observers found much to admire in Chairman Mao's mass science, his egalitarian effort to take science out of the ivory tower and place it in the hands of the disenfranchised peasant, the loyal worker, and the patriot soldier. Chunjuan Nancy Wei and Darryl E. Brock have assembled a rich mix of talents and topics related to the fortunes and misfortunes of science, technology, and medicine in modern China, while tracing its roots to China's other great student revolution--the May Fourth Movement. Historians of science, political scientists, mathematicians, and others analyze how Maoist science served modern China in nationalism, socialism, and nation-building--and also where it failed the nation and the Chinese people. If the Cultural Revolution contributed to China's emerging space program and catalyzed modern malaria treatments based on Traditional Chinese Medicine, it also provided the origins of a science talent gap and the milieu from which a one-child policy would arise. Given the fundamental importance of China today, and of East Asia generally, it is imperative to have a better understanding of its most recent scientific history, but especially that history in a period of crisis and how that crisis was resolved. What is at issue here is not only the specific domain of the history of science, but the social and scientific policies of China generally as they developed and were applied prior to, during, and after the Cultural Revolution.

Science and Dissent in Post-Mao China

Author : H. Lyman Miller
Publisher : University of Washington Press
ISBN 13 : 9780295975054
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Dissent in Post-Mao China by : H. Lyman Miller

Download or read book Science and Dissent in Post-Mao China written by H. Lyman Miller and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When in 1989 Chinese astrophysicist Fang Lizhi sought asylum for months in the U.S. Embassy in Beijing, later escaping to the West, worldwide attention focused on the plight of liberal intellectuals in China. In Science and Dissent in Post-Mao China H. Lyman Miller examines the scientific community in China and prominent members such as Fang and physicist and historian of science Xu Liangying. Drawing on Chinese academic journals, newspapers, interviews, and correspondence with Chinese scientists, he considers the evolution of China's science policy and its impact on China's scientific community. He illuminates the professional and humanistic values that impelled scientific intellectuals on their course toward open, liberal political dissent. It is ironic that scientific dissidence in China arose in opposition to a regime supportive of and initially supported by scientists. In the late 1970s scientists were called upon to help implement reforms orchestrated by Deng Xiaoping's regime, which attached a high priority to science and technology. The regime worked to rebuild China's civilian science community and sought to enhance the standing of scientists while at the same time it continued to oppose political pluralism and suppress dissidence. The political philosophy of revolutionary China has taught generations of scientists that explanation of the entire natural world, from subatomic particles to galaxies, falls under the jurisdiction of ?natural dialectics,? a branch of Marxism-Leninism. Escalating debates in the 1980s questioned the relationship of Marxism to science and led some to positions of open political dissent. At issue were the autonomy of China's scientific community and the conduct of science, as well as the validity and jurisdiction of Marxist-Leninist philosophy'and hence the fundamental legitimacy of the political system itself. Miller concludes that the emergence of a renewed liberal voice in China in the 1980s was in significant part an extension into politics of what some scientists believed to be the norms of healthy science; scientific dissidence was an unintended but natural consequence of the Deng regime's reforms. This thoughtful study of science as a powerful belief system and as a source of political and social values in contemporary China will appeal to a diverse audience, including readers interested in Chinese politics and society, comparative politics, communist regimes, the political sociology of science, and the history of ideas.

Science and Technology in Contemporary China

Author : Varaprasad S. Dolla
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107080371
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology in Contemporary China by : Varaprasad S. Dolla

Download or read book Science and Technology in Contemporary China written by Varaprasad S. Dolla and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Discusses the conceptual framework of policy studies, the unfolding and widening horizons of science and technology in the global context and the Chinese historical evolution"--

Science and Technology in the Global Cold War

Author : Naomi Oreskes
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262526530
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology in the Global Cold War by : Naomi Oreskes

Download or read book Science and Technology in the Global Cold War written by Naomi Oreskes and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigations of how the global Cold War shaped national scientific and technological practices in fields from biomedicine to rocket science. The Cold War period saw a dramatic expansion of state-funded science and technology research. Government and military patronage shaped Cold War technoscientific practices, imposing methods that were project oriented, team based, and subject to national-security restrictions. These changes affected not just the arms race and the space race but also research in agriculture, biomedicine, computer science, ecology, meteorology, and other fields. This volume examines science and technology in the context of the Cold War, considering whether the new institutions and institutional arrangements that emerged globally constrained technoscientific inquiry or offered greater opportunities for it. The contributors find that whatever the particular science, and whatever the political system in which that science was operating, the knowledge that was produced bore some relation to the goals of the nation-state. These goals varied from nation to nation; weapons research was emphasized in the United States and the Soviet Union, for example, but in France and China scientific independence and self-reliance dominated. The contributors also consider to what extent the changes to science and technology practices in this era were produced by the specific politics, anxieties, and aspirations of the Cold War. Contributors Elena Aronova, Erik M. Conway, Angela N. H. Creager, David Kaiser, John Krige, Naomi Oreskes, George Reisch, Sigrid Schmalzer, Sonja D. Schmid, Matthew Shindell, Asif A. Siddiqi, Zuoyue Wang, Benjamin Wilson

The Paradox of China's Post-Mao Reforms

Author : Merle Goldman
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674654532
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (545 download)

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Book Synopsis The Paradox of China's Post-Mao Reforms by : Merle Goldman

Download or read book The Paradox of China's Post-Mao Reforms written by Merle Goldman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's bold program of reforms launched in the late 1970s--the move to a market economy and the opening to the outside world--ended the political chaos and economic stagnation of the Cultural Revolution and sparked China's unprecedented economic boom. Yet, while the reforms made possible a rising standard of living for the majority of China's population, they came at the cost of a weakening central government, increasing inequalities, and fragmenting society. The essays of Barry Naughton, Joseph Fewsmith, Paul H. B. Godwin, Murray Scot Tanner, Lianjiang Li and Kevin J. O'Brien, Tianjian Shi, Martin King Whyte, Thomas P. Bernstein, Dorothy J. Solinger, David S. G. Goodman, Kristen Parris, Merle Goldman, Elizabeth J. Perry, and Richard Baum and Alexei Shevchenko analyze the contradictory impact of China's economic reforms on its political system and social structure. They explore the changing patterns of the relationship between state and society that may have more profound significance for China than all the revolutionary movements that have convulsed it through most of the twentieth century.

Chinese Science Fiction During the Post-Mao Cultural Thaw

Author : Hua Li
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781487537807
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (378 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Science Fiction During the Post-Mao Cultural Thaw by : Hua Li

Download or read book Chinese Science Fiction During the Post-Mao Cultural Thaw written by Hua Li and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The late 1970s to the mid-1980s, a period commonly referred to as the post-Mao cultural thaw, was a key transitional phase in the evolution of Chinese science fiction. This period served as a bridge between science-popularization science fiction of the 1950s and 1960s and New Wave Chinese science fiction from the 1990s into the twenty-first century. Chinese Science Fiction during the Post-Mao Cultural Thaw surveys the field of Chinese science fiction and its multimedia practice, analysing and assessing science fiction works by well-known writers such as Ye Yonglie, Zheng Wenguang, Tong Enzheng, and Xiao Jianheng, as well as the often-overlooked tech-science fiction writers of the post-Mao thaw. Exploring the socio-political and cultural dynamics of science-related Chinese literature during this period, Hua Li combines close readings of original Chinese literary texts with literary analysis informed by scholarship on science fiction as a genre, Chinese literary history, and media studies. Li argues that this post-Mao thaw science fiction began its rise as a type of government-backed literature, and yet often stirred up controversy and pushback as a contentious and boundary-breaking genre. Topically structured and interdisciplinary in scope, Chinese Science Fiction during the Post-Mao Cultural Thaw will appeal both to scholars and fans of science fiction."--

Reform in Post-Mao China

Author : Anthony James Saich
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (532 download)

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Book Synopsis Reform in Post-Mao China by : Anthony James Saich

Download or read book Reform in Post-Mao China written by Anthony James Saich and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Higher Education in Post-Mao China

Author : Michael Agelasto
Publisher : Hong Kong University Press
ISBN 13 : 9622094503
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Higher Education in Post-Mao China by : Michael Agelasto

Download or read book Higher Education in Post-Mao China written by Michael Agelasto and published by Hong Kong University Press. This book was released on 1998-06-01 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the death of Chairman Mao in 1976, China has embarked upon the Four Modernizations reform programme that has transformed the social, economic and political landscape of the world's most populous nation. Higher education has been ascribed a key supporting role and has itself undergone major reforms. This book looks beyond the articulated goals and accomplishments of the modernization of higher education in China. It delves into the grass roots reality and identifies the true achievements, the unintended outcomes and the major obstacles that still have to be overcome. Incorporating twenty chapters from the new generation of scholars from inside and outside China, Higher Education in Post-Mao China presents in-depth analyses of the impact of educational reforms on tertiary educators, the curriculum, the economic structure, women, and students' values and aspirations. In conveying the Chinese experience of higher education reform over the past two decades, this book makes a major contribution to contemporary sinology and comparative education.

Science, Technology, and China's Drive for Modernization

Author : Richard P. Suttmeier
Publisher : Stanford, Calif. : Hoover Institution Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Technology, and China's Drive for Modernization by : Richard P. Suttmeier

Download or read book Science, Technology, and China's Drive for Modernization written by Richard P. Suttmeier and published by Stanford, Calif. : Hoover Institution Press. This book was released on 1980 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monograph on re-orinetation of China's technology and science policy towards rapid modernization since 1976 - discusses obstacles to and institutional reforms for organization of research, available scientists and technicians, related public expenditure and international relations, trends, etc., and includes texts of student exchange and scientific cooperation agreements with the USA and new invention legislation. References.

China, Post-Mao Search for Civilian Industrial Technology

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis China, Post-Mao Search for Civilian Industrial Technology by :

Download or read book China, Post-Mao Search for Civilian Industrial Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chinese Economy Post-Mao

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Economy Post-Mao by :

Download or read book Chinese Economy Post-Mao written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John P. Hardt -- China's post-Mao economic future / Robert F. Dernberger and David Fasenfest -- Recent Chinese economic performance and prospects for the ten-year plan / Nicholas R. Lardy -- The political dynamics of the People's Republic of China / William W. Whitson -- The Chinese development model / Alexander Eckstein -- Soviet perceptions of China's economic development / Leo A. Orleans -- Economic modernization in post-Mao China: policies, problems, and prospects / Nai-Ruenn Chen -- China: shift of economic gears in mid-1970s / Arthur G. Ashbrook, Jr. -- Political conflict and industrial growth in China: 1965-1977 / Robert Michael Field, Kathleen M. McGlynn, and William B. Abnett -- A survey of China's machine-building industry / Jack Craig, Jim Lewek, and Gordon Cole -- China's energetics: a system analysis / Vaclav Smil -- China's mineral economy / K. P. Wang -- China's electric power industry / William Clarke -- Population growth in the People's Republic of China / John S. Aird -- Technology and science: some issues in China's modernization / Jon Sigurdson -- Chinese employment policy in 1949-78 with special emphasis on women in rural production / Marina Thorborg -- Chinese agricultural production / Henry J. Groen and James A. Kilpatrick -- China's grain trade / Frederic M. Surls -- The evolution of policy and capabilities in China's agricultural technology / Thomas B. Wiens -- China's international trade and finance / Richard E. Batsavage and John L. Davie -- The Sino-American commercial relationship / Martha Avery and William Clarke -- Contracts, practice and law in trade with China: some observations / Stanley Lubman -- An analysis of China's hard currency exports: recent trends, present problems, and future potential / Hedija H. Kravalis -- The impact of most-favored-nation tariff treatment on U.S. imports from the People's Republic of China / Philip T. Lincoln, Jr., and James A. Kilpatrick -- The impact of U.S. most-favored-nation tariff treatment on PRC exports / Helen Raffel, Robert E. Teal, and Cheryl McQueen -- Chinese relations with the Third World / Carol Fogarty -- The impact of aid on Albanian industrial development: the Soviet Union and China as major trading partners / Adi Schnytzer.

China Under Mao

Author : Andrew G. Walder
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674286707
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis China Under Mao by : Andrew G. Walder

Download or read book China Under Mao written by Andrew G. Walder and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-04-06 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China’s Communist Party seized power in 1949 after a long guerrilla insurgency followed by full-scale war, but the revolution was just beginning. Andrew Walder narrates the rise and fall of the Maoist state from 1949 to 1976—an epoch of startling accomplishments and disastrous failures, steered by many forces but dominated above all by Mao Zedong.

Political Reform in Post-Mao China

Author : Barrett L. McCormick
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520304861
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Reform in Post-Mao China by : Barrett L. McCormick

Download or read book Political Reform in Post-Mao China written by Barrett L. McCormick and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-03-25 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the death of Mao, the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party embarked on a series of ambitious political reforms. Barrett L. McCormick develops a theory of Leninist states to explore the prospects for these reforms. He finds that, although the Chinese people have made significant economic and political gains, the basic contours of the state remain unchanged, and as events in June 1989 clearly showed, reform has not diminished the state’s ability to impose its prerogatives on society. Drawing on Weber’s political sociology, McCormick argues that patronage and corruption are integral aspects of Leninist rulership. Reformers have attempted to promote democracy and law and to fight corruption, but when they attempt to implement their programs through traditional hierarchical Leninist institutions, lower-level cadres have been able to utilize patronage networks to blunt the impact of reform and protect their personal agendas. In his case studies of the legal system, the people’s congress, and party rectification, McCormick points up these obstacles to progressive change and assesses the extent to which reformers’ goals have been realized. He shows that, despite the often radical nature of the reform movements, the principal dimensions of the Leninist system—one party rule, state domination of the economy, a confining ideology—remain largely intact. These findings will be of interest to China specialists as well as students of comparative communism and Leninist states. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1990.

Knowledge Production in Mao-Era China

Author : Rui Kunze
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498584624
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Production in Mao-Era China by : Rui Kunze

Download or read book Knowledge Production in Mao-Era China written by Rui Kunze and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-10-15 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces and analyzes the transformation of the public discourse of science and technology in Mao-era China. Based on extensive primary sources such as science dissemination materials and technical handbooks, as well as mass media products of the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution periods, this book delineates the emergence of a pragmatic approach to knowledge in society. To achieve the goal of fast modernization with limited financial, human, and material resources, the party-state accommodated Western and local, "modern" and "traditional" knowledges in the fields of agricultural mechanization, steel production and Chinese veterinary medicine. The case studies demonstrate that scientific knowledge production in the Mao-era included various social groups and was entangled with political and cultural issues. This reveals and explains the continuity of scientific thinking across the historical divides of 1949 and 1978, which has hitherto been underestimated.

Technology, Politics, And Society In China

Author : Rudi Volti
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000314251
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Technology, Politics, And Society In China by : Rudi Volti

Download or read book Technology, Politics, And Society In China written by Rudi Volti and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is the first to summarize the major technological policies implemented in China since 1949 and to place them in their social and historical context. Dr. Volti looks at technological change in China as part of a broader process of economic, political, cultural, and organizational change, focusing primarily on four key areas—agriculture, energy, ground transportation, and medicine and public health. He emphasizes how technological change has been shaped by political and ideological structures, notes how China’s unique cultural heritage has affected adoption of technologies developed outside China, and assesses China’s success in developing technologies appropriate to its specific needs as an economically and politically developing nation. He draws on interviews with technicians engaged in the transfer of technology to China as well as extensive primary source materials.

Chinese Economy Post-Mao: Policy and performance

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 912 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis Chinese Economy Post-Mao: Policy and performance by :

Download or read book Chinese Economy Post-Mao: Policy and performance written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John P. Hardt -- China's post-Mao economic future / Robert F. Dernberger and David Fasenfest -- Recent Chinese economic performance and prospects for the ten-year plan / Nicholas R. Lardy -- The political dynamics of the People's Republic of China / William W. Whitson -- The Chinese development model / Alexander Eckstein -- Soviet perceptions of China's economic development / Leo A. Orleans -- Economic modernization in post-Mao China: policies, problems, and prospects / Nai-Ruenn Chen -- China: shift of economic gears in mid-1970s / Arthur G. Ashbrook, Jr. -- Political conflict and industrial growth in China: 1965-1977 / Robert Michael Field, Kathleen M. McGlynn, and William B. Abnett -- A survey of China's machine-building industry / Jack Craig, Jim Lewek, and Gordon Cole -- China's energetics: a system analysis / Vaclav Smil -- China's mineral economy / K.P. Wang -- China's electric power industry / William Clarke -- Population growth in the People's Republic of China / John S. Aird -- Technology and science: some issues in China's modernization / Jon Sigurdson -- Chinese employment policy in 1949-78 with special emphasis on women in rural production / Marina Thorborg -- Chinese agricultural production / Henry J. Groen and James A. Kilpatrick -- China's grain trade / Frederic M. Surls -- The evolution of policy and capabilities in China's agricultural technology / Thomas B. Wiens -- China's international trade and finance / Richard E. Batsavage and John L. Davie -- The Sino-American commercial relationship / Martha Avery and William Clarke -- Contracts, practice and law in trade with China: some observations / Stanley Lubman -- An analysis of China's hard currency exports: recent trends, present problems, and future potential / Hedija H. Kravalis -- The impact of most-favored-nation tariff treatment on U.S. imports from the People's Republic of China / Philip T. Lincoln, Jr., and James A. Kilpatrick -- The impact of U.S. most-favored-nation tariff treatment on PRC exports / Helen Raffel, Robert E. Teal, and Cheryl McQueen -- Chinese relations with the Third World / Carol Fogarty -- The impact of aid on Albanian industrial development: the Soviet Union and China as major trading partners / Adi Schnytzer.