Science And Mechanism

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Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics

Author : Hsiang-Ke Chao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400724543
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics by : Hsiang-Ke Chao

Download or read book Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics written by Hsiang-Ke Chao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses fundamental issues in the philosophy of science in the context of two most intriguing fields: biology and economics. Written by authorities and experts in the philosophy of biology and economics, Mechanism and Causality in Biology and Economics provides a structured study of the concepts of mechanism and causality in these disciplines and draws careful juxtapositions between philosophical apparatus and scientific practice. By exploring the issues that are most salient to the contemporary philosophies of biology and economics and by presenting comparative analyses, the book serves as a platform not only for gaining mutual understanding between scientists and philosophers of the life sciences and those of the social sciences, but also for sharing interdisciplinary research that combines both philosophical concepts in both fields. The book begins by defining the concepts of mechanism and causality in biology and economics, respectively. The second and third parts investigate philosophical perspectives of various causal and mechanistic issues in scientific practice in the two fields. These two sections include chapters on causal issues in the theory of evolution; experiments and scientific discovery; representation of causal relations and mechanism by models in economics. The concluding section presents interdisciplinary studies of various topics concerning extrapolation of life sciences and social sciences, including chapters on the philosophical investigation of conjoining biological and economic analyses with, respectively, demography, medicine and sociology.

Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science

Author : Tadeusz Uhl
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030201317
Total Pages : 4203 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science by : Tadeusz Uhl

Download or read book Advances in Mechanism and Machine Science written by Tadeusz Uhl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-13 with total page 4203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers the proceedings of the 15th IFToMM World Congress, which was held in Krakow, Poland, from June 30 to July 4, 2019. Having been organized every four years since 1965, the Congress represents the world’s largest scientific event on mechanism and machine science (MMS). The contributions cover an extremely diverse range of topics, including biomechanical engineering, computational kinematics, design methodologies, dynamics of machinery, multibody dynamics, gearing and transmissions, history of MMS, linkage and mechanical controls, robotics and mechatronics, micro-mechanisms, reliability of machines and mechanisms, rotor dynamics, standardization of terminology, sustainable energy systems, transportation machinery, tribology and vibration. Selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, they highlight numerous exciting advances and ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations.

New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science

Author : Doina Pisla
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030550613
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science by : Doina Pisla

Download or read book New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science written by Doina Pisla and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-20 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the latest research and industrial applications in the areas of mechanism science, robotics and dynamics. The respective contributions cover such topics as computational kinematics, control issues in mechanical systems, mechanisms for medical rehabilitation, mechanisms for minimally invasive techniques, cable robots, design issues for mechanisms and robots, and the teaching and history of mechanisms. Written by leading researchers and engineers, and selected by means of a rigorous international peer-review process, the papers highlight numerous exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster multidisciplinary collaborations. They reflect the outcomes of the 8th European Conference on Mechanism Science (EuCoMeS) in 2020.

Mechanism

Author : Domenico Bertoloni Meli
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
ISBN 13 : 0822986523
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism by : Domenico Bertoloni Meli

Download or read book Mechanism written by Domenico Bertoloni Meli and published by University of Pittsburgh Press. This book was released on 2019-04-18 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mechanical philosophy first emerged as a leading player on the intellectual scene in the early modern period—seeking to explain all natural phenomena through the physics of matter and motion—and the term mechanism was coined. Over time, natural phenomena came to be understood through machine analogies and explanations and the very word mechanism, a suggestive and ambiguous expression, took on a host of different meanings. Emphasizing the important role of key ancient and early modern protagonists, from Galen to Robert Boyle, this book offers a historical investigation of the term mechanism from the late Renaissance to the end of the seventeenth century, at a time when it was used rather frequently in complex debates about the nature of the notion of the soul. In this rich and detailed study, Domenico Bertoloni Melifocuses on strategies for discussing the notion of mechanism in historically sensitive ways; the relation between mechanism, visual representation, and anatomy; the usage and meaning of the term in early modern times; and Marcello Malpighi and the problems of fecundation and generation, among the most challenging topics to investigate from a mechanistic standpoint.

Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science

Author : Marco Ceccarelli
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9401789479
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science by : Marco Ceccarelli

Download or read book Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science written by Marco Ceccarelli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-21 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is composed of chapters that focus specifically on technological developments by distinguished figures in the history of MMS (Mechanism and Machine Science). Biographies of well-known scientists are also included to describe their efforts and experiences and surveys of their work and achievements and a modern interpretation of their legacy are presented. After the first two volumes, the papers in this third volume again cover a wide range within the field of the History of Mechanical Engineering with specific focus on MMS and will be of interest and motivation to the work (historical or not) of many.

In Search of Mechanisms

Author : Carl F. Craver
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022603982X
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of Mechanisms by : Carl F. Craver

Download or read book In Search of Mechanisms written by Carl F. Craver and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-10-03 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscientists investigate the mechanisms of spatial memory. Molecular biologists study the mechanisms of protein synthesis and the myriad mechanisms of gene regulation. Ecologists study nutrient cycling mechanisms and their devastating imbalances in estuaries such as the Chesapeake Bay. In fact, much of biology and its history involves biologists constructing, evaluating, and revising their understanding of mechanisms. With In Search of Mechanisms, Carl F. Craver and Lindley Darden offer both a descriptive and an instructional account of how biologists discover mechanisms. Drawing on examples from across the life sciences and through the centuries, Craver and Darden compile an impressive toolbox of strategies that biologists have used and will use again to reveal the mechanisms that produce, underlie, or maintain the phenomena characteristic of living things. They discuss the questions that figure in the search for mechanisms, characterizing the experimental, observational, and conceptual considerations used to answer them, all the while providing examples from the history of biology to highlight the kinds of evidence and reasoning strategies employed to assess mechanisms. At a deeper level, Craver and Darden pose a systematic view of what biology is, of how biology makes progress, of how biological discoveries are and might be made, and of why knowledge of biological mechanisms is important for the future of the human species.

The New Mechanical Philosophy

Author : Stuart Glennan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198779712
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Mechanical Philosophy by : Stuart Glennan

Download or read book The New Mechanical Philosophy written by Stuart Glennan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume argues for a new image of science that understands both natural and social phenomena to be the product of mechanisms, casting the work of science as an effort to understand those mechanisms. Glennan offers an account of the nature of mechanisms and of the models used to represent them in physical, life, and social sciences.

Beyond Mechanism

Author : Brian G. Henning
Publisher : Lexington Books
ISBN 13 : 0739174371
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Mechanism by : Brian G. Henning

Download or read book Beyond Mechanism written by Brian G. Henning and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2013-02-01 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been said that new discoveries and developments in the human, social, and natural sciences hang “in the air” (Bowler, 1983; 2008) prior to their consummation. While neo-Darwinist biology has been powerfully served by its mechanistic metaphysic and a reductionist methodology in which living organisms are considered machines, many of the chapters in this volume place this paradigm into question. Pairing scientists and philosophers together, this volume explores what might be termed “the New Frontiers” of biology, namely contemporary areas of research that appear to call an updating, a supplementation, or a relaxation of some of the main tenets of the Modern Synthesis. Such areas of investigation include: Emergence Theory, Systems Biology, Biosemiotics, Homeostasis, Symbiogenesis, Niche Construction, the Theory of Organic Selection (also known as “the Baldwin Effect”), Self-Organization and Teleodynamics, as well as Epigenetics. Most of the chapters in this book offer critical reflections on the neo-Darwinist outlook and work to promote a novel synthesis that is open to a greater degree of inclusivity as well as to a more holistic orientation in the biological sciences.

Mechanism and Machine Science

Author : Dibakar Sen
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811544778
Total Pages : 873 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism and Machine Science by : Dibakar Sen

Download or read book Mechanism and Machine Science written by Dibakar Sen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 873 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents select papers from the Asian Conference on Mechanism and Machine Science 2018. This conference includes contributions from both academic and industry researchers and will be of interest to scientists and students working in the field of mechanism and machine science.

Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine

Author : Veli-Pekka Parkkinen
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319946102
Total Pages : 131 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine by : Veli-Pekka Parkkinen

Download or read book Evaluating Evidence of Mechanisms in Medicine written by Veli-Pekka Parkkinen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-07-13 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY license. This book is the first to develop explicit methods for evaluating evidence of mechanisms in the field of medicine. It explains why it can be important to make this evidence explicit, and describes how to take such evidence into account in the evidence appraisal process. In addition, it develops procedures for seeking evidence of mechanisms, for evaluating evidence of mechanisms, and for combining this evaluation with evidence of association in order to yield an overall assessment of effectiveness. Evidence-based medicine seeks to achieve improved health outcomes by making evidence explicit and by developing explicit methods for evaluating it. To date, evidence-based medicine has largely focused on evidence of association produced by clinical studies. As such, it has tended to overlook evidence of pathophysiological mechanisms and evidence of the mechanisms of action of interventions. The book offers a useful guide for all those whose work involves evaluating evidence in the health sciences, including those who need to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and those who need to ascertain the effects of environmental exposures.

New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science

Author : Fernando Viadero-Rueda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400749015
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science by : Fernando Viadero-Rueda

Download or read book New Trends in Mechanism and Machine Science written by Fernando Viadero-Rueda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-13 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the papers of the European Conference on Mechanisms Science (EUCOMES 2012 Conference). The book presents the most recent research developments in the mechanism and machine science field and their applications. Topics addressed are theoretical kinematics, computational kinematics, mechanism design, experimental mechanics, mechanics of robots, dynamics of machinery, dynamics of multi-body systems, control issues of mechanical systems, mechanisms for biomechanics, novel designs, mechanical transmissions, linkages and manipulators, micro-mechanisms, teaching methods, history of mechanism science and industrial and non-industrial applications. This volume will also serve as an interesting reference for the European activity in the fields of Mechanism and Machine Science as well as a source of inspirations for future works and developments.

Mechanism and Machine Science

Author : Xianmin Zhang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811028753
Total Pages : 1515 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Mechanism and Machine Science by : Xianmin Zhang

Download or read book Mechanism and Machine Science written by Xianmin Zhang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-15 with total page 1515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These proceedings collect the latest research results in mechanism and machine science, intended to reinforce and improve the role of mechanical systems in a variety of applications in daily life and industry. Gathering more than 120 academic papers, it addresses topics including: Computational kinematics, Machine elements, Actuators, Gearing and transmissions, Linkages and cams, Mechanism design, Dynamics of machinery, Tribology, Vehicle mechanisms, dynamics and design, Reliability, Experimental methods in mechanisms, Robotics and mechatronics, Biomechanics, Micro/nano mechanisms and machines, Medical/welfare devices, Nature and machines, Design methodology, Reconfigurable mechanisms and reconfigurable manipulators, and Origami mechanisms. This is the fourth installment in the IFToMM Asian conference series on Mechanism and Machine Science (ASIAN MMS 2016). The ASIAN MMS conference initiative was launched to provide a forum mainly for the Asian community working in Mechanism and Machine Science, in order to facilitate collaboration and improve the visibility of activities in the field. The series started in 2010 and the previous ASIAN MMS events were successfully held in Taipei, China (2010), Tokyo, Japan (2012), and Tianjin, China (2014). ASIAN MMS 2016 was held in Guangzhou, China, from 15 to 17 December 2016, and was organized by the South China University under the patronage of the IFToMM and the Chinese Mechanical Engineering Society (CMES). The aim of the Conference was to bring together researchers, industry professionals and students from the broad range of disciplines connected to Mechanism Science in a collegial and stimulating environment. The ASIAN MMS 2016 Conference provided a platform allowing scientists to exchange notes on their scientific achievements and establish new national and international collaborations concerning the mechanism science field and its applications, mainly but not exclusively in Asian contexts.

A Framework for K-12 Science Education

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309214459
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis A Framework for K-12 Science Education by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Framework for K-12 Science Education written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-02-28 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science, engineering, and technology permeate nearly every facet of modern life and hold the key to solving many of humanity's most pressing current and future challenges. The United States' position in the global economy is declining, in part because U.S. workers lack fundamental knowledge in these fields. To address the critical issues of U.S. competitiveness and to better prepare the workforce, A Framework for K-12 Science Education proposes a new approach to K-12 science education that will capture students' interest and provide them with the necessary foundational knowledge in the field. A Framework for K-12 Science Education outlines a broad set of expectations for students in science and engineering in grades K-12. These expectations will inform the development of new standards for K-12 science education and, subsequently, revisions to curriculum, instruction, assessment, and professional development for educators. This book identifies three dimensions that convey the core ideas and practices around which science and engineering education in these grades should be built. These three dimensions are: crosscutting concepts that unify the study of science through their common application across science and engineering; scientific and engineering practices; and disciplinary core ideas in the physical sciences, life sciences, and earth and space sciences and for engineering, technology, and the applications of science. The overarching goal is for all high school graduates to have sufficient knowledge of science and engineering to engage in public discussions on science-related issues, be careful consumers of scientific and technical information, and enter the careers of their choice. A Framework for K-12 Science Education is the first step in a process that can inform state-level decisions and achieve a research-grounded basis for improving science instruction and learning across the country. The book will guide standards developers, teachers, curriculum designers, assessment developers, state and district science administrators, and educators who teach science in informal environments.

The Collapse of Mechanism and the Rise of Sensibility

Author : Stephen Gaukroger
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199594937
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis The Collapse of Mechanism and the Rise of Sensibility by : Stephen Gaukroger

Download or read book The Collapse of Mechanism and the Rise of Sensibility written by Stephen Gaukroger and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did we come to have a scientific culture -- one in which cognitive values are shaped around scientific ones? Stephen Gaukroger presents a rich and fascinating investigation of the development of intellectual culture in early modern Europe, a period in which understandings of the natural realm began to fragment.

Science is Not a Quiet Life

Author : Max F. Perutz
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9789810227746
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (277 download)

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Book Synopsis Science is Not a Quiet Life by : Max F. Perutz

Download or read book Science is Not a Quiet Life written by Max F. Perutz and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1997 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Max Perutz does for haemoglobin in this book what Primo Levi did for the Periodic Table ... The book is far from dry, however, Perutz beginning each chapter with fascinating historical & anecdotal background."

Science and Technology in Homeric Epics

Author : S. A. Paipetis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402087845
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Technology in Homeric Epics by : S. A. Paipetis

Download or read book Science and Technology in Homeric Epics written by S. A. Paipetis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-10-20 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Homeric Epics, important references to specific autonomous systems and mechanisms of very advanced technology, such as automata and artificial intelligence, as well as to almost modern methods of design and production are included. Even if those features of Homeric science were just poetic concepts (which on many occasions does not explain the astonishing details of design and manufacture, like the ones included in the present volume), they seem to prove that these achievements were well within human capability. In addition, the substantial development of machine theory during the early post-Homeric age shows that the Homeric descriptions were a kind of prophetic conception of these machines, and scientific research must be a quest for the fundamental principles of knowledge available during the Late Bronze Age and the dawn of the Iron Age. Such investigations must of necessity be strongly interdisciplinary and also proceed continuously in time, since, as science progresses, new elements of knowledge are discovered in the Homeric Epics, amenable to scientific analysis. This book brings together papers presented at the international symposium Science and Technology in Homeric Epics, which took place at Ancient Olympia in 2006. It includes a total of 41 contributions, mostly original research papers, covering diverse fields of science and technology, in the modern sense of these words.

The Laws of Scientific Change

Author : Hakob Barseghyan
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319175963
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis The Laws of Scientific Change by : Hakob Barseghyan

Download or read book The Laws of Scientific Change written by Hakob Barseghyan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-17 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book systematically creates a general descriptive theory of scientific change that explains the mechanics of changes in both scientific theories and the methods of their assessment. It was once believed that, while scientific theories change through time, their change itself is governed by a fixed method of science. Nowadays we know that there is no such thing as an unchangeable method of science; the criteria employed by scientists in theory evaluation also change through time. But if that is so, how and why do theories and methods change? Are there any general laws that govern this process, or is the choice of theories and methods completely arbitrary and random? Contrary to the widespread opinion, the book argues that scientific change is indeed a law-governed process and that there can be a general descriptive theory of scientific change. It does so by first presenting meta-theoretical issues, divided into chapters on the scope, possibility and assessment of theory of scientific change. It then builds a theory about the general laws that govern the process of scientific change, and goes into detail about the axioms and theorems of the theory.