Science And Insight

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Science from Sight to Insight

Author : Alan G. Gross
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226068206
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (682 download)

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Book Synopsis Science from Sight to Insight by : Alan G. Gross

Download or read book Science from Sight to Insight written by Alan G. Gross and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Dalton’s molecular structures. Scatter plots and geometric diagrams. Watson and Crick’s double helix. The way in which scientists understand the world—and the key concepts that explain it—is undeniably bound up in not only words, but images. Moreover, from PowerPoint presentations to articles in academic journals, scientific communication routinely relies on the relationship between words and pictures. In Science from Sight to Insight, Alan G. Gross and Joseph E. Harmon present a short history of the scientific visual, and then formulate a theory about the interaction between the visual and textual. With great insight and admirable rigor, the authors argue that scientific meaning itself comes from the complex interplay between the verbal and the visual in the form of graphs, diagrams, maps, drawings, and photographs. The authors use a variety of tools to probe the nature of scientific images, from Heidegger’s philosophy of science to Peirce’s semiotics of visual communication. Their synthesis of these elements offers readers an examination of scientific visuals at a much deeper and more meaningful level than ever before.

The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering

Author : Sanjoy Mahajan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262526549
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering by : Sanjoy Mahajan

Download or read book The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering written by Sanjoy Mahajan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-11-07 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tools to make hard problems easier to solve. In this book, Sanjoy Mahajan shows us that the way to master complexity is through insight rather than precision. Precision can overwhelm us with information, whereas insight connects seemingly disparate pieces of information into a simple picture. Unlike computers, humans depend on insight. Based on the author's fifteen years of teaching at MIT, Cambridge University, and Olin College, The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering shows us how to build insight and find understanding, giving readers tools to help them solve any problem in science and engineering. To master complexity, we can organize it or discard it. The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering first teaches the tools for organizing complexity, then distinguishes the two paths for discarding complexity: with and without loss of information. Questions and problems throughout the text help readers master and apply these groups of tools. Armed with this three-part toolchest, and without complicated mathematics, readers can estimate the flight range of birds and planes and the strength of chemical bonds, understand the physics of pianos and xylophones, and explain why skies are blue and sunsets are red. The Art of Insight in Science and Engineering will appear in print and online under a Creative Commons Noncommercial Share Alike license.

Data Smart

Author : John W. Foreman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118839862
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Data Smart by : John W. Foreman

Download or read book Data Smart written by John W. Foreman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data Science gets thrown around in the press like it'smagic. Major retailers are predicting everything from when theircustomers are pregnant to when they want a new pair of ChuckTaylors. It's a brave new world where seemingly meaningless datacan be transformed into valuable insight to drive smart businessdecisions. But how does one exactly do data science? Do you have to hireone of these priests of the dark arts, the "data scientist," toextract this gold from your data? Nope. Data science is little more than using straight-forward steps toprocess raw data into actionable insight. And in DataSmart, author and data scientist John Foreman will show you howthat's done within the familiar environment of aspreadsheet. Why a spreadsheet? It's comfortable! You get to look at the dataevery step of the way, building confidence as you learn the tricksof the trade. Plus, spreadsheets are a vendor-neutral place tolearn data science without the hype. But don't let the Excel sheets fool you. This is a book forthose serious about learning the analytic techniques, the math andthe magic, behind big data. Each chapter will cover a different technique in aspreadsheet so you can follow along: Mathematical optimization, including non-linear programming andgenetic algorithms Clustering via k-means, spherical k-means, and graphmodularity Data mining in graphs, such as outlier detection Supervised AI through logistic regression, ensemble models, andbag-of-words models Forecasting, seasonal adjustments, and prediction intervalsthrough monte carlo simulation Moving from spreadsheets into the R programming language You get your hands dirty as you work alongside John through eachtechnique. But never fear, the topics are readily applicable andthe author laces humor throughout. You'll even learnwhat a dead squirrel has to do with optimization modeling, whichyou no doubt are dying to know.

Science Insights

Author : DiSpezio Diaz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780201445992
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Insights by : DiSpezio Diaz

Download or read book Science Insights written by DiSpezio Diaz and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Data Insights

Author : Hunter Whitney
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0123877946
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Data Insights by : Hunter Whitney

Download or read book Data Insights written by Hunter Whitney and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-11-27 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data Insights: New Ways to Visualize and Make Sense of Data offers thought-provoking insights into how visualization can foster a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of data. The book offers perspectives from people with different backgrounds, including data scientists, statisticians, painters, and writers. It argues that all data is useless, or misleading, if we do not know what it means.Organized into seven chapters, the book explores some of the ways that data visualization and other emerging approaches can make data meaningful and therefore useful. It also discusses some fundamental ideas and basic questions in the data lifecycle; the process of interactions between people, data, and displays that lead to better questions and more useful answers; and the fundamentals, origins, and purposes of the basic building blocks that are used in data visualization. The reader is introduced to tried and true approaches to understanding users in the context of user interface design, how communications can get distorted, and how data visualization is related to thinking machines. Finally, the book looks at the future of data visualization by assessing its strengths and weaknesses. Case studies from business analytics, healthcare, network monitoring, security, and games, among others, as well as illustrations, thought-provoking quotes, and real-world examples are included.This book will prove useful to computer professionals, technical marketing professionals, content strategists, Web and product designers, and researchers. - Demonstrates, with a variety of case studies, how visualizations can foster a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of data - Answers the question, "How can data visualization help me?" with discussions of how it fits into a wide array of purposes and situations - Makes the case that data visualization is not just about technology; it also involves a deeply human process

Street-Fighting Mathematics

Author : Sanjoy Mahajan
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262265591
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Street-Fighting Mathematics by : Sanjoy Mahajan

Download or read book Street-Fighting Mathematics written by Sanjoy Mahajan and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2010-03-05 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An antidote to mathematical rigor mortis, teaching how to guess answers without needing a proof or an exact calculation. In problem solving, as in street fighting, rules are for fools: do whatever works—don't just stand there! Yet we often fear an unjustified leap even though it may land us on a correct result. Traditional mathematics teaching is largely about solving exactly stated problems exactly, yet life often hands us partly defined problems needing only moderately accurate solutions. This engaging book is an antidote to the rigor mortis brought on by too much mathematical rigor, teaching us how to guess answers without needing a proof or an exact calculation. In Street-Fighting Mathematics, Sanjoy Mahajan builds, sharpens, and demonstrates tools for educated guessing and down-and-dirty, opportunistic problem solving across diverse fields of knowledge—from mathematics to management. Mahajan describes six tools: dimensional analysis, easy cases, lumping, picture proofs, successive approximation, and reasoning by analogy. Illustrating each tool with numerous examples, he carefully separates the tool—the general principle—from the particular application so that the reader can most easily grasp the tool itself to use on problems of particular interest. Street-Fighting Mathematics grew out of a short course taught by the author at MIT for students ranging from first-year undergraduates to graduate students ready for careers in physics, mathematics, management, electrical engineering, computer science, and biology. They benefited from an approach that avoided rigor and taught them how to use mathematics to solve real problems. Street-Fighting Mathematics will appear in print and online under a Creative Commons Noncommercial Share Alike license.

Insight into Theoretical and Applied Informatics

Author : Andrzej Yatsko
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311046988X
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Insight into Theoretical and Applied Informatics by : Andrzej Yatsko

Download or read book Insight into Theoretical and Applied Informatics written by Andrzej Yatsko and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-01-01 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is addressed to young people interested in computer technologies and computer science. The objective of this book is to provide the reader with all the necessary elements to get him or her started in the modern field of informatics and to allow him or her to become aware of the relationship between key areas of computer science. The book is addressed not only to future software developers, but also to all who are interested in computing in a widely understood sense. The authors also expect that some computer professionals will want to review this book to lift themselves above the daily grind and to embrace the excellence of the whole field of computer science. Unlike existing books, this one bypasses issues concerning the construction of computers and focuses only on information processing. Recognizing the importance of the human factor in information processing, the authors intend to present the theoretical foundations of computer science, software development rules, and some business aspects of informatics in non-technocratic, humanistic terms.

Behavioral Insights

Author : Michael Hallsworth
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262539403
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Behavioral Insights by : Michael Hallsworth

Download or read book Behavioral Insights written by Michael Hallsworth and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-09-01 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive introduction to the behavioral insights approach, which applies evidence about human behavior to practical problems. Our behavior is strongly influenced by factors that lie outside our conscious awareness, although we tend to underestimate the power of this “automatic” side of our behavior. As a result, governments make ineffective policies, businesses create bad products, and individuals make unrealistic plans. In contrast, the behavioral insights approach applies evidence about actual human behavior—rather than assumptions about it—to practical problems. This volume in the MIT Press Essential Knowledge series, written by two leading experts in the field, offers an accessible introduction to behavioral insights, describing core features, origins, and practical examples. These insights have opened up new ways of addressing some of the biggest challenges faced by societies, changing the way that governments, businesses, and nonprofits work in the process. This book shows how the approach is grounded in a concern with practical problems, the use of evidence about human behavior to address those problems, and experimentation to evaluate the impact of the solutions. It gives an overview of the approach's origins in psychology and behavioral economics, its early adoption by the UK's pioneering “nudge unit,” and its recent expansion into new areas. The book also provides examples from across different policy areas and guidance on how to run a behavioral insights project. Finally, the book outlines the limitations and ethical implications of the approach, and what the future holds for this fast-moving area.

Insights of Genius

Author : Arthur I. Miller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461223881
Total Pages : 498 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis Insights of Genius by : Arthur I. Miller

Download or read book Insights of Genius written by Arthur I. Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here, distinguished science historian Arthur I. Miller delves into the connections between modern art and modern physics. He takes us on a wide-ranging study to demonstrate that scientists and artists have a common aim: a visual interpretation of both the visible and invisible aspects of nature. Along the way, we encounter the philosophy of mind and language, cognitive science and neurophysiology in our search for the origins and meaning of visual imagery. At a time when the media are overeager to portray science as a godless, dehumanising exercise undermining the very fabric of society, this sixth book by Professor Miller shows how scientists are struggling to understand nature, convince their peers, inform the public and deal with the reactions to their research. Thus, Insights of Genuis must interest everyone who cares about science and its place in our culture.

Science Diplomacy for South Asian Countries

Author : Malti Goel
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811630259
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Diplomacy for South Asian Countries by : Malti Goel

Download or read book Science Diplomacy for South Asian Countries written by Malti Goel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a science diplomacy outlook as a new governance tool in international cooperation. It elaborates on India's current S&T collaboration with Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and science policy and science diplomacy in India. The book introduces concepts and contours of science diplomacy with international examples. It presents insights into international governance models, mega-science projects, and science diplomacy's role in addressing global climate change and sustainable development challenges. The book is a valuable reference to spark breakthroughs in India’s science diplomacy with its neighbouring countries for scientists, diplomats, policymakers, government, and non-government institutions interested in science and diplomacy.

The Science of Science

Author : Dashun Wang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108492665
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Science of Science by : Dashun Wang

Download or read book The Science of Science written by Dashun Wang and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-25 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive overview of the exciting field of the 'science of science'. With anecdotes and detailed, easy-to-follow explanations of the research, this book is accessible to all scientists, policy makers, and administrators with an interest in the wider scientific enterprise.

The Eureka Factor

Author : John Kounios
Publisher : Random House
ISBN 13 : 0679645292
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (796 download)

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Book Synopsis The Eureka Factor by : John Kounios

Download or read book The Eureka Factor written by John Kounios and published by Random House. This book was released on 2015-04-14 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a book perfect for readers of Charles Duhigg’s The Power of Habit, David Eagleman’s Incognito, and Leonard Mlodinow’s Subliminal, the cognitive neuroscientists who discovered how the brain has aha moments—sudden creative insights—explain how they happen, when we need them, and how we can have more of them to enrich our lives and empower personal and professional success. Eureka or aha moments are sudden realizations that expand our understanding of the world and ourselves, conferring both personal growth and practical advantage. Such creative insights, as psychological scientists call them, were what conveyed an important discovery in the science of genetics to Nobel laureate Barbara McClintock, the melody of a Beatles ballad to Paul McCartney, and an understanding of the cause of human suffering to the Buddha. But these moments of clarity are not given only to the famous. Anyone can have them. In The Eureka Factor, John Kounios and Mark Beeman explain how insights arise and what the scientific research says about stimulating more of them. They discuss how various conditions affect the likelihood of your having an insight, when insight is helpful and when deliberate methodical thought is better suited to a task, what the relationship is between insight and intuition, and how the brain’s right hemisphere contributes to creative thought. Written in a lively, engaging style, this book goes beyond scientific principles to offer productive techniques for realizing your creative potential—at home and at work. The authors provide compelling anecdotes to illustrate how eureka experiences can be a key factor in your life. Attend a dinner party with Christopher Columbus to learn why we need insights. Go to a baseball game with the director of a classic Disney Pixar movie to learn about one important type of aha moment. Observe the behind-the-scenes arrangements for an Elvis Presley concert to learn why the timing of insights is crucial. Accessible and compelling, The Eureka Factor is a fascinating look at the human brain and its seemingly infinite capacity to surprise us. Praise for The Eureka Factor “Delicious . . . In The Eureka Factor, neuroscientists John Kounios and Mark Beeman give many other examples of [a] kind of lightning bolt of insight, but back this up with the latest brain-imaging research.”—Newsweek “An incredible accomplishment . . . [The Eureka Factor] is not just a chronicle of the journey that numerous scientists (including the authors) have taken to examine insight but is also a fascinating guide to how advances in science are made in general. Messrs. Kounios and Beeman examine how a parade of clever experiments can be designed to answer specific questions and rule out alternative possibilities. . . . Wonderful ideas appear as if out of nowhere—and we are delighted.”—The Wall Street Journal “An excellent title for those interested in neuroscience or creativity . . . The writing is engaging and readable, mixing stories of famous perceptions with explanations of how such revelations happen.”—Library Journal (starred review) “A lively and accessible ‘brain’ book with wide appeal.”—Booklist “[An] ingenious, thoughtful update on how the mind works.”—Kirkus Reviews “The Eureka Factor presents a fascinating and illuminating account of the creative process and how to foster it.”—James J. Heckman, Nobel laureate in economics

Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal

Author : Heather E. Douglas
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Pre
ISBN 13 : 082297357X
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (229 download)

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Book Synopsis Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal by : Heather E. Douglas

Download or read book Science, Policy, and the Value-Free Ideal written by Heather E. Douglas and published by University of Pittsburgh Pre. This book was released on 2009-07-15 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of science in policymaking has gained unprecedented stature in the United States, raising questions about the place of science and scientific expertise in the democratic process. Some scientists have been given considerable epistemic authority in shaping policy on issues of great moral and cultural significance, and the politicizing of these issues has become highly contentious. Since World War II, most philosophers of science have purported the concept that science should be "value-free." In Science, Policy and the Value-Free Ideal, Heather E. Douglas argues that such an ideal is neither adequate nor desirable for science. She contends that the moral responsibilities of scientists require the consideration of values even at the heart of science. She lobbies for a new ideal in which values serve an essential function throughout scientific inquiry, but where the role values play is constrained at key points, thus protecting the integrity and objectivity of science. In this vein, Douglas outlines a system for the application of values to guide scientists through points of uncertainty fraught with moral valence.Following a philosophical analysis of the historical background of science advising and the value-free ideal, Douglas defines how values should-and should not-function in science. She discusses the distinctive direct and indirect roles for values in reasoning, and outlines seven senses of objectivity, showing how each can be employed to determine the reliability of scientific claims. Douglas then uses these philosophical insights to clarify the distinction between junk science and sound science to be used in policymaking. In conclusion, she calls for greater openness on the values utilized in policymaking, and more public participation in the policymaking process, by suggesting various models for effective use of both the public and experts in key risk assessments.

The Data Science Handbook

Author : Carl Shan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780692434871
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis The Data Science Handbook by : Carl Shan

Download or read book The Data Science Handbook written by Carl Shan and published by . This book was released on 2015-05-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Data Science Handbook is a curated collection of 25 candid, honest and insightful interviews conducted with some of the world's top data scientists.In this book, you'll hear how the co-creator of the term 'data scientist' thinks about career and personal success. You'll hear from a young woman who created her own data scientist curriculum, subsequently landing her a role in the field. Readers of this book will be left with war stories, wisdom and

Science Literacy

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309447569
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Science Literacy by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Science Literacy written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-14 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is a way of knowing about the world. At once a process, a product, and an institution, science enables people to both engage in the construction of new knowledge as well as use information to achieve desired ends. Access to scienceâ€"whether using knowledge or creating itâ€"necessitates some level of familiarity with the enterprise and practice of science: we refer to this as science literacy. Science literacy is desirable not only for individuals, but also for the health and well- being of communities and society. More than just basic knowledge of science facts, contemporary definitions of science literacy have expanded to include understandings of scientific processes and practices, familiarity with how science and scientists work, a capacity to weigh and evaluate the products of science, and an ability to engage in civic decisions about the value of science. Although science literacy has traditionally been seen as the responsibility of individuals, individuals are nested within communities that are nested within societiesâ€"and, as a result, individual science literacy is limited or enhanced by the circumstances of that nesting. Science Literacy studies the role of science literacy in public support of science. This report synthesizes the available research literature on science literacy, makes recommendations on the need to improve the understanding of science and scientific research in the United States, and considers the relationship between scientific literacy and support for and use of science and research.

Insight in Innovation

Author : Jan Verloop
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780444516831
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis Insight in Innovation by : Jan Verloop

Download or read book Insight in Innovation written by Jan Verloop and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-05-08 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing innovation in such a way that it becomes an effective tool for achieving strategic organizational objectives is the subject of this work, which provides insight into the management process for innovation in creating intellectual capital and supporting sustainable development.

Science and Revolution

Author : Ardea Skybreak
Publisher : Insight Press, Inc
ISBN 13 : 097602361X
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Revolution by : Ardea Skybreak

Download or read book Science and Revolution written by Ardea Skybreak and published by Insight Press, Inc. This book was released on 2015-07-27 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wide-ranging interview with Ardea Skybreak, a scientist with professional training in ecology and evolutionary biology, spans from inquiries on science to her thoughts on the new synthesis of communism brought forward by Bob Avakian. The question and answer session provides insights into understanding the world through the lens of science and how to implement change through this knowledge. The book is broken up into sections such as "A Scientific Approach to Society, and Changing the World," "Bob Avakian--A True Scientific Visionary," and "Getting Clearer on the Need for Revolution--Breaking with Wrong Ideas and Illusions."