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Science And Civilisation In China Part 2 Mechanical Engineering
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Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China, Part 2, Mechanical Engineering by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China, Part 2, Mechanical Engineering written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1965-01-02 with total page 1022 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As Dr Needham's immense undertaking gathers momentum it has been found necessary to subdivide volumes into parts, each to be bound and published separately. The first part of Volume 4, already published, deals with the physical sciences; the second with the diverse applications of physics in the many branches of mechanical engineering; and the third will deal with civil and hydraulic engineering and nautical technology. With this part of Volume 4, then, we come to the application by the Chinese of physical principles in the control of forces and in the use of power; we cross the frontier separating tools from the machine. We have already noticed that the ancient Chinese concept of chhi (somewhat similar to the pneuma of the Greeks) asserted itself prominently in acoustics; but we discover here that the Chinese tendency to think pneumatically was also responsible for a whole range of brilliant technological achievements, for example, the double-acting piston-bellows, the rotary winnowing-fan, and the water-powered metallurgical blowing-machine (ancestor of the steam-engine); as well as for some extraordinary insights and predictions in aeronautics.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 1, Introductory Orientations by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 1, Introductory Orientations written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1956-01-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr Joseph Needham's account of the Chinese achievement in science and technology will stand as one of the great works of our time. It has been acclaimed by specialists in both East and West and also by readers with wider and more general interests. The text, based on research of a high critical quality, is supported by many hundreds of illustrations and is imbued with a warm appreciation of China. Volume I is an introductory volume, in which Dr Needham prepares his readers for the study of a whole human culture. He begins by examining the structure of the Chinese language; he reviews the geography of China and the long history of its people, and discusses the scientific contacts which have occurred throughout the centuries, between Europe and East Asia.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 13, Mining by : Peter J. Golas
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 13, Mining written by Peter J. Golas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-02-25 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth volume of the late Dr. Needham's immense undertaking covers the subjects of chemistry and chemical technology. This, the thirteenth part of the volume, is the first history of Chinese mining to appear in a Western language. Spanning from the Neolithic period to the present day, it deals with the full range of Chinese mining from copper to mercury, arsenic to coal. The author explores not only the written sources but also the archaeological remains, and observes the traditional techniques still in use. The interrelationship between Chinese mining and its social, economic and political implications is examined. Through these discoveries, the author concludes that these factors were probably more important in determining how mining was carried out than the technological progress itself.
Book Synopsis The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5 by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5 written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fifth volume abridgement of Joseph Needham's monumental work is concerned with the staggering civil engineering feats made in early and medieval China.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 13, Mining by : Peter J. Golas
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 13, Mining written by Peter J. Golas and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1999-02-25 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth volume of the late Dr. Needham's immense undertaking covers the subjects of chemistry and chemical technology. This, the thirteenth part of the volume, is the first history of Chinese mining to appear in a Western language. Spanning from the Neolithic period to the present day, it deals with the full range of Chinese mining from copper to mercury, arsenic to coal. The author explores not only the written sources but also the archaeological remains, and observes the traditional techniques still in use. The interrelationship between Chinese mining and its social, economic and political implications is examined. Through these discoveries, the author concludes that these factors were probably more important in determining how mining was carried out than the technological progress itself.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 1190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science and civilisation in China. Volume 4: physics and physical technology. Part 2: mechanical engineering by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and civilisation in China. Volume 4: physics and physical technology. Part 2: mechanical engineering written by Joseph Needham and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 7, The Social Background, Part 2, General Conclusions and Reflections by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 7, The Social Background, Part 2, General Conclusions and Reflections written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph Needham, who died in 1995, was the greatest British historian of China of the last 100 years. His Science and Civilisation in China series caused a seismic shift in western perceptions of China, revealed as perhaps the world's most scientifically and technically productive country in pre-modern times. But why did the scientific and industrial revolutions not happen in China? Joseph Needham reflects on possible answers to this question in the concluding volume of this series and provides fascinating insights into his great intellectual quest.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-01-22 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gunpowder Epic is one of three planned publications on military technology within Dr Needham's immense undertaking. The discovery of gunpowder in China by the 9th century AD was followed by its rapid applications. It is now clear that the whole development from bombs and grenades to the invention of the metal-barrel hand gun took place in the Chinese culture area before Europeans had any knowledge of the mixture itself. Uses in civil engineering and mechanical engineering were equally important, before the knowledge of gunpowder spread to Europe in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Dr Needham's new work continues to demonstrate the major importance of Chinese science and technology to world history and maintains the tradition of one of the great scholarly works of the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 7, The Social Background, Part 1, Language and Logic in Traditional China by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 7, The Social Background, Part 1, Language and Logic in Traditional China written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-02-19 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 7 Part 1 is the first book in the final volume of this unique resource. The Chinese culture is the only culture in the world that has developed systematic logical definitions and reflections on its own and on the basis of a non-Indo-European language. Christoph Harbsmeier discusses the basic features of the classical Chinese language that made it a suitable medium for science in ancient China, discussing in detail a wide range of abstract concepts that are crucial for the development of scientific discourse. There is special emphasis on the conceptual history of logical terminology in ancient China, and on traditional Chinese views on their own language. Finally the book provides an overview of the development of logical reflection in ancient China, first in terms of the forms of arguments that were deployed in ancient Chinese texts, and then in terms of ancient Chinese theoretical concerns with logical matters.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China written by Joseph Needham and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 6, Military Technology: Missiles and Sieges by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 6, Military Technology: Missiles and Sieges written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-03-09 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science and Civilisation in China Volume V Part 6 is the first of the three parts dealing with the arts of war in ancient and medieval China. (Part 7--on gunpowder and all aspects of explosive weapons--has already been published, while Part 8--on cavalry techniques and signaling--is still in preparation.) The present volume opens with an introduction on Chinese attitudes to warfare in general. Four major sections follow: on the making and use of simple bows; on the crossbow, the standard weapon of the Han armies, and its introduction to the Western world; on the pre-gunpowder forms of artillery, including the invention of the trebuchet; and on the art of siege warfare in which the Mohists were particularly interested. There is a good deal of material on siege-warfare available, and this final section is a substantial one, covering all aspects in detail.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 7, The Social Background, Part 2, General Conclusions and Reflections by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 7, The Social Background, Part 2, General Conclusions and Reflections written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-07-22 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It would be difficult to overstate the importance of Joseph Needham's Science and Civilisation in China series. For nearly fifty years, Needham and his collaborators have revealed the ideals, concepts and achievements of China's scientific and technological traditions from the earliest times to about 1800 through this great enterprise. During his long working lifetime, Needham kept in draft various essays, some written with collaborators, in which he set out his broad views on the Chinese social and historical context. These essays, edited by one of his closest collaborators, Kenneth Robinson, are contained in the present volume. A reading of this material makes it possible to reconstruct the assumptions and problematics that underpinned and drove the Needham project throughout the nearly one half century during which he was at the helm. The documents gathered here reveal the intellectual foundations of one of the greatest scholarly enterprises of the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China: Volume 5, Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-01-22 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Gunpowder Epic is one of three planned publications on military technology within Dr Needham's immense undertaking. The discovery of gunpowder in China by the 9th century AD was followed by its rapid applications. It is now clear that the whole development from bombs and grenades to the invention of the metal-barrel hand gun took place in the Chinese culture area before Europeans had any knowledge of the mixture itself. Uses in civil engineering and mechanical engineering were equally important, before the knowledge of gunpowder spread to Europe in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries. Dr Needham's new work continues to demonstrate the major importance of Chinese science and technology to world history and maintains the tradition of one of the great scholarly works of the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China: by : Colin A. Ronan
Download or read book The Shorter Science and Civilisation in China: written by Colin A. Ronan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-06-24 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digesting the main sections of Volume IV of Dr. Needham's magnum opus, this book is concerned with the immense advances made in early and medieval China in mechanical engineering. It discusses in simple but eminently readable terms the status of engineers, their tools and materials, then basic mechanical principles, followed by machinery powered by animals, man and even by steam, vehicles for land transport, six centuries of hidden clockwork, windmills and aeronautics. Since China was far ahead of the West in ancient and medieval times, this volume helps make clear the immense debt owed by Western civilization to the Chinese. Such debts included the important mechanical principles of transforming rotary motion to a to-and-fro motion of a crank and vice-versa. They invented the first efficient harness for horses and the first mechanical clocks.
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China, Part 2, Agriculture by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China, Part 2, Agriculture written by Joseph Needham and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1984-04-19 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second part of the sixth volume of Joeph Needham's great enterprise is an account of the technological history of agriculture, with major sections devoted to field systems, implements and techniques (sowing, harvesting, storing) and crop systems (what has grown and where and how crops rotated).
Book Synopsis Science and Civilisation in China by : Joseph Needham
Download or read book Science and Civilisation in China written by Joseph Needham and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
