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Scaling Up Quality Infrastructure Investment
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Book Synopsis Scaling Up Quality Infrastructure Investment by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Scaling Up Quality Infrastructure Investment written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: South Asia needs large infrastructure investments to achieve its development goals, and public investment can also support the Covid-19 recovery. Regression estimates that account for the quantity and quality of investment suggest that public infrastructure was a key driver of productivity growth in South Asia. Going forward, higher public infrastructure spending can raise growth, but its benefits depend on how it is financed and managed. Model simulations show that tax financing, concessional lending, or private sector financing through public private partnerships (PPPs) are more advantageous than government borrowing through financial markets because they support growth while containing the impact on public debt. However, the optimal choice also depends on available fiscal space, taxation capacity, implementation risks, and public investment efficiency. To reap the most benefits from higher infrastructure investment, South Asian countries need to manage fiscal risks carefully, including from PPPs and state-owned enterprises, and improve public investment efficiency.
Book Synopsis From Global Savings Glut to Financing Infrastructure by : Mr.Rabah Arezki
Download or read book From Global Savings Glut to Financing Infrastructure written by Mr.Rabah Arezki and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-02-09 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the emerging global landscape for public-private co-investments in infrastructure. The creation of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and other so-called “infrastructure investment platforms” are an attempt to tap into the pool of both public and private long-term savings in order to channel the latter into much needed infrastructure projects. This paper puts these new initiatives into perspective by critically reviewing the literature and experience with public private partnerships in infrastructure. It concludes by identifying the main challenges policy makers and other actors will need to confront going forward and to turn infrastructure into an asset class of its own.
Book Synopsis Investing in Public Infrastructure by : Manoj Atolia
Download or read book Investing in Public Infrastructure written by Manoj Atolia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-05-04 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do governments in developing economies invest in roads and not enough in schools? In the presence of distortionary taxation and debt aversion, the different pace at which roads and schools contribute to economic growth turns out to be central to this decision. Specifically, while costs are front-loaded for both types of investment, the growth benefits of schools accrue with a delay. To put things in perspective, with a “big push,” even assuming a large (15 percent) return differential in favor of schools, the government would still limit the fraction of the investment scale-up going to schools to about a half. Besides debt aversion, political myopia also turns out to be a crucial determinant of public investment composition. A “big push,” by accelerating growth outcomes, mitigates myopia—but at the expense of greater risks to fiscal and debt sustainability. Tied concessional financing and grants can potentially mitigate the adverse effects of both debt aversion and political myopia.
Book Synopsis Does Infrastructure Investment Lead to Economic Growth Or Economic Fragility? Evidence from China by : Atif Ansar
Download or read book Does Infrastructure Investment Lead to Economic Growth Or Economic Fragility? Evidence from China written by Atif Ansar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China's three-decade infrastructure investment boom shows few signs of abating. Is China's economic growth a consequence of its purposeful investment? Is China a prodigy in delivering infrastructure from which rich democracies could learn? The prevalent view in the economics literature and policies derived from it is that a high level of infrastructure investment is a precursor to economic growth. China is held up as a model to emulate. Politicians in rich democracies display awe and envy of the scale of infrastructure Chinese leaders are able to build. Based on the largest dataset of its kind, this paper punctures the twin myths that (i) infrastructure creates economic value, and that (ii) China has a distinct advantage in its delivery. Far from being an engine of economic growth, the typical infrastructure investment fails to deliver a positive risk-adjusted return. Moreover, China's track record in delivering infrastructure is no better than that of rich democracies. Investing in unproductive projects results initially in a boom, as long as construction is on-going, followed by a bust, when forecasted benefits fail to materialize and projects therefore become a drag on the economy. Where investments are debt-financed, overinvesting in unproductive projects results in the build-up of debt, monetary expansion, instability in financial markets, and economic fragility, exactly as we see in China today. We conclude that poorly managed infrastructure investments are a main explanation of surfacing economic and financial problems in China. We predict that, unless China shifts to a lower level of higher-quality infrastructure investments, the country is headed for an infrastructure-led national financial and economic crisis, which is likely to spread to the international economy. China's infrastructure investment model is not one to follow for other countries but one to avoid.
Book Synopsis Public Investment Efficiency in Sub-Saharan African Countries by : Karim Barhoumi
Download or read book Public Investment Efficiency in Sub-Saharan African Countries written by Karim Barhoumi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-07-06 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is significant room to improve public investment efficiency in sub-Saharan Africa. Investment in sub-Saharan African countries is lagging vis-à-vis peers such as emerging and developing Asia as well as Latin America and the Caribbean, and the region’s infrastructure is perceived as being of relatively low quality. Improving the efficiency of sizable investment programs in the region could contribute to more solid economic growth and help achieve desired social priorities and development goals. Results point to some variability in public investment efficiency within the region. Comparing efficiency scores across country groups suggests that investment efficiency in sub-Saharan African oil exporters tends to be lower than in sub-Saharan African non-resource-intensive countries. Additionally, countries in East African Community (EAC) perform better than those in Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC) and West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). Stronger institutions could foster more efficient public investment. The regression results in this paper show a positive correlation between public investment efficiency and the quality of institutions, suggesting that devel-oping stronger institutions in sub-Saharan Africa could lead to a significant improvement in investment efficiency. This is particularly relevant for coun-tries with weak institutional quality, where governments may use capital spending as a vehicle for rent-seeking, leading to inefficient spending. Given the current drive for scaling up investment in sub-Saharan Africa, the task of improving institutions quickly should become a priority.
Book Synopsis Toward a Framework for Assessing Private vs Public Investment in Infrastructure by : Morten Lykke Lauridsen
Download or read book Toward a Framework for Assessing Private vs Public Investment in Infrastructure written by Morten Lykke Lauridsen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significant additional resources from the private sector will be needed for infrastructure in emerging market countries if the Sustainable Development Goals are to be achieved. Close to 80 percent of all infrastructure investments are government funded in these countries, yet it is recognized that public sector investments alone will not be sufficient to bridge the infrastructure gap. Scaling up the role that private firms and investors play in infrastructure provision will require a better understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of public versus private provision, including the issues and incentives that need to be considered in order to find the right balance between the two.
Book Synopsis Compendium of Good Practices on Quality Infrastructure 2024 Building Resilience to Natural Disasters by : OECD
Download or read book Compendium of Good Practices on Quality Infrastructure 2024 Building Resilience to Natural Disasters written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2024-04-09 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses ways of enhancing government capacities to prevent, react and rebuild, thereby minimising the impact of natural disasters on infrastructure assets and operations. It identifies data, collaboration and technologies as drivers of resilience, and highlights financial resources, technical skills and regulatory frameworks as key enablers. The report presents seven actionable principles to ensure infrastructure resilience, drawing from global good practices and in-depth analyses of infrastructure projects in Colombia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mozambique and the United States.
Book Synopsis Quality Infrastructure Investment by : Naoyuki Yoshino
Download or read book Quality Infrastructure Investment written by Naoyuki Yoshino and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-quality infrastructure will boost regional economic development and reduce poverty and income inequality. The spill-over effects created by this high-quality infrastructure will be seen in the form of an increase in gross domestic product and tax revenue in the region. These positive effects can be utilized to address the gap between infrastructure demand and financing. Private−public partnerships (PPP) in infrastructure have been advocated for many years. However, PPP partners, such as insurance and pension funds, have been discouraged by the low rate of return from investing in quality infrastructure projects. This is because the main sources of revenue from infrastructure investment are user charges. This paper aims to provide a new mechanism for government and investors to utilize the spill-over effects of infrastructure projects and share them with infrastructure investors for a better rate of return in order to compensate their risk. This mechanism will motivate stakeholders to design infrastructure with high economic benefits and encourage instruments, such as city infrastructure concepts, hometown investment trusts, land trusts, and the improvement of education and digital literacy, to ensure the infrastructure projects will create positive spill-overs to the region. Hometown investment trust funds can provide financing for start-up businesses along with the new infrastructure investments. Land trusts will solve the issue of owners not wanting to sell their land by giving them the option to keep it and lease the land to infrastructure companies. The landowners can receive long-term rent income, for example for 99 years. In this way, land trusts will smoothen the use of land and transfer the usage rights to infrastructure companies.
Book Synopsis The G20, Development and the UN Agenda 2030 by : Dries Lesage
Download or read book The G20, Development and the UN Agenda 2030 written by Dries Lesage and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-12-31 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique assessment of the G20’s development agenda and its potential to be an impactful actor in the global architecture of development cooperation. Representing two-thirds of the world population, 85 percent of economic output, 75 percent of global trade, and 80 percent of carbon dioxide emissions, the G20 embodies an overwhelming concentration of economic and political power, enhanced through regular meetings of heads of state and government. This position allows it the opportunity to play a significant role in ongoing multilateral policy processes, but also to further undermine universal development governance at the UN, already challenged by the Bretton Woods institutions, OECD and G8. Providing context and a history of the G20’s involvement in development governance, expert international contributors consider the outcome of major conferences, the perspectives of China, India, and the EU, the shift away from positions held by Western countries and the role of civil society. They also offer in-depth analysis of the G20’s engagement with issues concerning infrastructure, food and agriculture, taxation, macro-economic policy and the Sustainable Development Goals. The book will be of interest to scholars and students of development, international organisations and global governance.
Author :International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1484334922 Total Pages :12 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (843 download)
Book Synopsis Republic of Moldova by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Download or read book Republic of Moldova written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-12-21 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper highlights the case of Moldova including public investment, efficiency, and growth. The scale up of public investment in Moldova should account for absorption capacity constraints and high reliance on external financing, to ensure a positive impact on growth. It should also be accompanied by efforts to build capacity and strengthen institutions. Public investment in Moldova relies significantly on external loans and grants to finance capital spending. The share of foreign financing varies across sectors, with agriculture and health relying significantly on donor support and education financed mostly domestically. Critical infrastructure needs in Moldova broadly correspond to the priority sectors identified in the National Development Strategy Moldova 2020: energy, transport, agriculture, health, and education. In general, infrastructure in Moldova ranks better regarding coverage than quality. Moldova has a relatively high index of public investment efficiency; nonetheless there are a number of dimensions to improve investment process.
Book Synopsis Green Finance and Investment Green Investment Banks Scaling up Private Investment in Low-carbon, Climate-resilient Infrastructure by : OECD
Download or read book Green Finance and Investment Green Investment Banks Scaling up Private Investment in Low-carbon, Climate-resilient Infrastructure written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-05-31 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides the first comprehensive study of publically capitalised green investment banks (GIBs), analysing the rationales, mandates and financing activities of this relatively new category of public financial institution that aims to accelerate the transition to a low-carbon economy.
Book Synopsis China’s Belt and Road Initiative by : Christian Ploberger
Download or read book China’s Belt and Road Initiative written by Christian Ploberger and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-07-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evaluates China’s relations with sub-regional Southeast Asia through its Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and the Lancang-Mekong Cooperation framework. The book looks at domestic drivers and regional receptivity of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and also delves into the challenges of China’s engagement in the Greater Mekong Sub-region. The book examines how China’s BRI will contribute to the development of these countries, to regional economic integration and cooperation processes within a political-economic context. It addresses the BRI process within the GMS on three levels: regional, individual recipient countries and the Chinese perspective. The case studies in the book will help to provide insights on China’s growing economic influence in sub-regional Southeast Asia and its Belt and Road Initiative. This book will appeal to researchers interested in the BRI, China's relations with Southeast Asia and China’s neighbourhood policy and how domestic considerations are influencing China’s policy making.
Book Synopsis Mainstreaming Biodiversity into Renewable Power Infrastructure by : OECD
Download or read book Mainstreaming Biodiversity into Renewable Power Infrastructure written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2024-01-30 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report synthesises evidence on biodiversity impacts from renewable power infrastructure, with a focus on solar power, wind power and powerlines.
Book Synopsis Scaling Up in Agriculture, Rural Development, and Nutrition by : Johannes F. Linn
Download or read book Scaling Up in Agriculture, Rural Development, and Nutrition written by Johannes F. Linn and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2012 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking successful development interventions to scale is critical if the world is to achieve the Millennium Development Goals and make essential gains in the fight for improved agricultural productivity, rural incomes, and nutrition. How to support scaling up in these three areas, however, is a major challenge. This collection of policy briefs is designed to contribute to a better understanding of the experience to date and the lessons for the future.
Book Synopsis Africa's Development Dynamics 2023 Investing in Sustainable Development by : African Union Commission
Download or read book Africa's Development Dynamics 2023 Investing in Sustainable Development written by African Union Commission and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2023-07-07 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Africa’s Development Dynamics uses lessons from Central, East, North, Southern and West Africa to develop policy recommendations and share good practices across the continent. Drawing on the most recent statistics, the analysis of development dynamics aims to assist African leaders in reaching the targets of the African Union’s Agenda 2063 at all levels: continental, regional, national and local.
Author :United Nations Human Settlements Programme Publisher :UN-HABITAT ISBN 13 :9789211317671 Total Pages :292 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (176 download)
Book Synopsis Enabling Shelter Strategies by : United Nations Human Settlements Programme
Download or read book Enabling Shelter Strategies written by United Nations Human Settlements Programme and published by UN-HABITAT. This book was released on 2006 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Post-Crisis Fiscal Policy Priorities for the ASEAN-5 by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Post-Crisis Fiscal Policy Priorities for the ASEAN-5 written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-11-01 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on post-crisis fiscal priorities in the ASEAN-5 economies - Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Sound economic fundamentals and timely and forceful policy responses to the crisis, including fiscal stimulus, contributed to rapid economic recovery in the ASEAN-5. As growth rebounds, these economies are beginning to identify, communicate and implement their strategies for unwinding the fiscal stimulus while addressing long-term growth challenges. In this context, the paper highlights the need for fiscal policies to address infrastructure gaps, stimulate private consumption and expand social safety nets. Creating fiscal space to address these challenges will require raising revenues and reorienting public spending rather than increasing borrowing. Supporting structural reforms, aiming to stimulate private infrastructure investment, could help address long-term growth challenges, while easing the burden on fiscal policy.