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Savagism And Civility
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Book Synopsis Savagism and Civility by : Bernard Sheehan
Download or read book Savagism and Civility written by Bernard Sheehan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-03-31 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the English settlers arrived in Virginia in 1607 they carried with them a fully developed mythology about native Indian cultures. This mythology was built around the body of English writing about America that began to appear in the 1550s, prior to any significant contact between the English and the native groups, and was founded upon the assumption of the savagism of the Indian and the civility of European culture. Professor Sheehan argues that English commitment to this myth was at the root of the violence that broke out almost immediately between the settlers and the Indians. On the one hand, the Indians were seen as noble savages, free from and innocent of the deficiencies of European society. But as ignoble savages they were seen as immature, even bestial, lacking the civilising and ordering social structure that characterised European culture. Whichever perspective was adopted, this mythology was a product of the white man's world, developed without accurate information about Indian culture. This mythology justified both the exploitation that came to characterise settler-native relations and the inevitability of the violence that culminated in the massacre of 1622.
Book Synopsis Savagism and Civility by : Bernard Sheehan
Download or read book Savagism and Civility written by Bernard Sheehan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1980-03-31 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the English settlers arrived in Virginia in 1607 they carried with them a fully developed mythology about native Indian cultures. This mythology was built around the body of English writing about America that began to appear in the 1550s, prior to any significant contact between the English and the native groups, and was founded upon the assumption of the savagism of the Indian and the civility of European culture. Professor Sheehan argues that English commitment to this myth was at the root of the violence that broke out almost immediately between the settlers and the Indians. On the one hand, the Indians were seen as noble savages, free from and innocent of the deficiencies of European society. But as ignoble savages they were seen as immature, even bestial, lacking the civilising and ordering social structure that characterised European culture. Whichever perspective was adopted, this mythology was a product of the white man's world, developed without accurate information about Indian culture. This mythology justified both the exploitation that came to characterise settler-native relations and the inevitability of the violence that culminated in the massacre of 1622.
Book Synopsis Savagism and Civilization by : Roy Harvey Pearce
Download or read book Savagism and Civilization written by Roy Harvey Pearce and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1988-05-12 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1953, revised in 1964, and presented here with a new foreword by Arnold Krupat and new postscript by the author, Roy Harvey Pearce's Savagism and Civilization is a classic in the genre of history of ideas. Examining the political pamphlets, missionaries' reports, anthropologists' accounts, and the drama, poetry, and novels of the 18th and early 19th centuries, Professor Pearce traces the conflict between the idea of the noble savage and the will to Christianize the heathen and appropriate their land, which ended with the near extermination of Native American culure.
Book Synopsis Savage Anxieties by : Robert A. Williams, Jr.
Download or read book Savage Anxieties written by Robert A. Williams, Jr. and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an intellectual history of the West's bias against tribalism that explains how acts of war and dispossession have been justified in the name of civilization and have typically victimized tribal groups.
Book Synopsis Cultures in Conflict by : Urs Bitterli
Download or read book Cultures in Conflict written by Urs Bitterli and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most histories of exploration are written from the viewpoint of the explorers. This book, now available in paperback, focuses instead on the cultural encounters between European explorers and non-European people, reconstructing the experiences of both sides. The result is a remarkable work of comparative cultural history, ranging from North America to the South Pacific and from the voyages of Columbus to those of Captain Cook. Bitterli distinguishes three basic forms of cultural encounter: superficial contact, as in the early relations between Europe and China; a prolonged relationship, like that between missionaries and the North American Indians; and collision, leading to the destruction of the weaker partner, as happened in the Spanish Conquest of the West Indies and of Mexico. In a series of case studies Bitterli examines these types of cultural encounter, drawing on a wide range of primary sources.
Book Synopsis At the Crossroads by : Jane T. Merritt
Download or read book At the Crossroads written by Jane T. Merritt and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining interactions between native Americans and whites in eighteenth-century Pennsylvania, Jane Merritt traces the emergence of race as the defining difference between these neighbors on the frontier. Before 1755, Indian and white communities in Pennsylvania shared a certain amount of interdependence. They traded skills and resources and found a common enemy in the colonial authorities, including the powerful Six Nations, who attempted to control them and the land they inhabited. Using innovative research in German Moravian records, among other sources, Merritt explores the cultural practices, social needs, gender dynamics, economic exigencies, and political forces that brought native Americans and Euramericans together in the first half of the eighteenth century. But as Merritt demonstrates, the tolerance and even cooperation that once marked relations between Indians and whites collapsed during the Seven Years' War. By the 1760s, as the white population increased, a stronger, nationalist identity emerged among both white and Indian populations, each calling for new territorial and political boundaries to separate their communities. Differences between Indians and whites--whether political, economic, social, religious, or ethnic--became increasingly characterized in racial terms, and the resulting animosity left an enduring legacy in Pennsylvania's colonial history.
Book Synopsis The Savage Within by : Henrika Kuklick
Download or read book The Savage Within written by Henrika Kuklick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study examines law enforcement within the context of Sung society. Professor McKnight shows that the group of criminals who were the core of the habitual criminal group in Sung China were young unattached males with few lifeskills. What became of the criminal after capture and conviction is also an important aspect of this study, which addresses basic questions in Chinese punishment. This work is the first comprehensive study of law enforcement in traditional China. The depth and rigor to which the subject is treated would make it most appropriate for scholars in legal history and East Asian studies."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Passion Is the Gale by : Nicole Eustace
Download or read book Passion Is the Gale written by Nicole Eustace and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the outset of the eighteenth century, many British Americans accepted the notion that virtuous sociable feelings occurred primarily among the genteel, while sinful and selfish passions remained the reflexive emotions of the masses, from lower-class whites to Indians to enslaved Africans. Yet by 1776 radicals would propose a new universal model of human nature that attributed the same feelings and passions to all humankind and made common emotions the basis of natural rights. In Passion Is the Gale, Nicole Eustace describes the promise and the problems of this crucial social and political transition by charting changes in emotional expression among countless ordinary men and women of British America. From Pennsylvania newspapers, pamphlets, sermons, correspondence, commonplace books, and literary texts, Eustace identifies the explicit vocabulary of emotion as a medium of human exchange. Alternating between explorations of particular emotions in daily social interactions and assessments of emotional rhetoric's functions in specific moments of historical crisis (from the Seven Years War to the rise of the patriot movement), she makes a convincing case for the pivotal role of emotion in reshaping power relations and reordering society in the critical decades leading up to the Revolution. As Eustace demonstrates, passion was the gale that impelled Anglo-Americans forward to declare their independence--collectively at first, and then, finally, as individuals.
Book Synopsis The Irish Rebellion of 1641 and the Wars of the Three Kingdoms by : Eamon Darcy
Download or read book The Irish Rebellion of 1641 and the Wars of the Three Kingdoms written by Eamon Darcy and published by Boydell & Brewer Ltd. This book was released on 2015 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new investigation into the 1641 Irish rebellion, contrasting its myth with the reality. After an evening spent drinking with Irish conspirators, an inebriated Owen Connelly confessed to the main colonial administrators in Ireland that a plot was afoot to root out and destroy Ireland's English and Protestant population. Within days English colonists in Ireland believed that a widespread massacre of Protestant settlers was taking place. Desperate for aid, they began to canvass their colleagues in England for help, claiming that they were surrounded by an evil popish menace bent on destroying their community. Soon sworn statements, later called the 1641 depositions, confirmed their fears (despite little by way of eye-witness testimony). In later years, Protestant commentators could point to the 1641 rebellion as proof of Catholic barbarity and perfidy. However, as the author demonstrates, despite some of the outrageous claims made in the depositions, the myth of 1641 became more important than the reality. The aim of this book is to investigate how the rebellion broke out and whether there was a meaning in the violence which ensued. It also seeks to understand how the English administration in Ireland portrayed these events to the wider world, and to examine whether and how far their claims were justified. Did they deliberately construct a narrative of death and destruction that belied what really happened? An obvious, if overlooked, contextis that of the Atlantic world; and particular questions asked are whether the English colonists drew upon similar cultural frameworks to describe atrocities in the Americas; how this shaped the portrayal of the 1641 rebellion incontemporary pamphlets; and the effect that this had on the wider Wars of the Three Kingdoms between England, Ireland and Scotland. EAMON DARCY is an Irish Research Council Postdoctoral Fellow working at Maynooth University, Republic of Ireland.
Book Synopsis Shakespeare's Caliban by : Alden T. Vaughan
Download or read book Shakespeare's Caliban written by Alden T. Vaughan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shakespeare's Caliban examines The Tempest's "savage and deformed slave" as a fascinating but ambiguous literary creation with a remarkably diverse history. The authors, one a historian and the other a Shakespearean, explore the cultural background of Caliban's creation in 1611 and his disparate metamorphoses to the present time.
Book Synopsis Revolution and empire by : Robert Bliss
Download or read book Revolution and empire written by Robert Bliss and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeenth-century England saw the Puritan upheaval of the 1640s and 1650s and the Glorious Revolution of 1688. These crises often provoked colonial reaction, indirectly by bringing forth new ideas about government. The colonies' existence was a testament to accumulated capital and population and to a widespread desire to employ both for high and mundane ends. The growth of population and production, the rise of new and the decline of old trades were important features of 17th-century American and English history. This book presents a study that brings attention back to a century when the word imperialism had not even been coined, let alone acquired the wealth of meanings it has now. The study covers the North American and West Indian colonies as well as England. Research on American sources concentrated on the main settlements of Massachusetts, Virginia, Barbados and Jamaica, their public records, printed and manuscript correspondence and local and county records. Lesser colonies such as New York, Carolina and the New England fringe settlements they have their own stories to tell. The study firstly rests on the proposition that England's empire was shaped by the course of English politics. Secondly, it argues that although imperial history was marked by tension between colonial resistance and English authority. Finally, the broad view is taken of the politics of empire aims to establish a general framework for understanding seventeenth-century colonial history. Attention has also been paid to the political writings and the "non-colonial" activities of governments and politicians.
Download or read book After Columbus written by James Axtell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1988-08-25 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume comprises a new collection of essays--four previously unpublished--by James Axtell, author of the acclaimed The European and the Indian and The Invasion Within: The Contest of Cultures in Colonial North America, and the foremost contemporary authority on Indian-European relations in Colonial North America. Arguing that moral judgements have a legitimate place in the writing of history, Axtell scrutinizes the actions of various European invaders--missionaries, traders, soldiers, and ordinary settlers--in the sixteenth century. Focusing on the interactions of Spanish, French, and English colonists with American Indians over the eastern half of the United States, he examines what the history of colonial America might have looked like had the New World truly been a "virgin land," devoid of Indians.
Download or read book American Studies written by Jack Salzman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1986-08-29 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an annotated bibliography of 20th century books through 1983, and is a reworking of American Studies: An Annotated Bibliography of Works on the Civilization of the United States, published in 1982. Seeking to provide foreign nationals with a comprehensive and authoritative list of sources of information concerning America, it focuses on books that have an important cultural framework, and does not include those which are primarily theoretical or methodological. It is organized in 11 sections: anthropology and folklore; art and architecture; history; literature; music; political science; popular culture; psychology; religion; science/technology/medicine; and sociology. Each section contains a preface introducing the reader to basic bibliographic resources in that discipline and paragraph-length, non-evaluative annotations. Includes author, title, and subject indexes. ISBN 0-521-32555-2 (set) : $150.00.
Book Synopsis American Indian Policy and American Reform by : Christine Bolt
Download or read book American Indian Policy and American Reform written by Christine Bolt and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-11-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1987, American Indian Policy and American Reform examines key aspects of American Indian policy and reform in the context of American ethnic problems and traditions of reform. The first four chapters provide a chronological survey discussing racial attitudes, economic issues, the role of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, missionary and reformer involvement with government policy, the political interaction of Indians and whites, and other continuing differences between the two races. The second part of the book examines important themes which illuminate the difficulties of the assimilation campaign. In a series of case studies, Prof. Bolt explores Indian-black-white relations in the South and Indian Territory, American anthropologists and American Indians, Indian education from colonial times to the 20th century, Indian women, urban Indians since the Second World War and Indian political protest groups. This book will be of interest to students of American history, ‘minority’ history and race relations.
Book Synopsis Reconceiving the Renaissance by : Ewan Fernie
Download or read book Reconceiving the Renaissance written by Ewan Fernie and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2005-03-31 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have transformed the field of Renaissance studies, and Reconceiving the Renaissance: A Critical Reader maps this difficult terrain. Attending to the breadth of fresh approaches, the volume offers a theoretical overview of current thinking about the period. Collecting in one volume the classic and cutting-edge statements which define early modern scholarship as it is now practised, this book is a one-stop indispensable resource for undergraduates and beginning postgraduates alike. Through a rich array of arguments by the world's leading experts, the Renaissance emerges wonderfully invigorated, while the suggestive shorter extracts, topical questions and engaged editorial introductions give students the wherewithal and encouragement to do some reconceiving themselves.
Book Synopsis Revolutionary Histories by : W. Verhoeven
Download or read book Revolutionary Histories written by W. Verhoeven and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-12 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this collection of interdisciplinary essays, historians and literary critics from both sides of the Atlantic analyse some of the most significant watersheds and faultlines that occurred in the period 1775-1815, a crucial era in the history of Euro-Americans relations. Tracing complex patterns of intellectual and cultural cross-pollination between the Old and the New World, between pre-and post-Revolutionary cultures, the essays aim to increase out awareness of the degree to which the emergence of cultural nationalism in this period was essentially a transatlantic process - a process that was itself part of a larger circumatlantic cultural continuum.
Book Synopsis Neither Wolf Nor Dog by : David Rich Lewis
Download or read book Neither Wolf Nor Dog written by David Rich Lewis and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1994 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the nineteenth century, Americans looked to the eventual civilization and assimilation of Native Americans through a process of removal, reservation, and directed culture change. Underlying American Indian policy was a belief in a developmental stage theory of human societies in which agriculture marked the passage between barbarism and civilization. Solving the "Indian Problem" appeared as simple as teaching Indians to settle down and farm and then disappear into mainstream American society. Such policies for directed subsistence change and incorporation had far-reaching social and environmental consequences for native peoples and native lands. This study explores the experiences of three groups - Northern Utes, Hupas, and Tohono O'odhams - with settled reservation and allotted agriculture in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Each group inhabited a different environment, and their cultural traditions reflected distinct subsistence adaptations to life in the western United States. Each experienced the full weight of federal agrarian policy yet responded differently, in culturally consistent ways, to subsistence change and the resulting social and environmental consequences. Attempts to establish successful agricultural economies ultimately failed as each group reproduced its own cultural values in a diminished and rapidly changing environment. In the end, such policies and agrarian experiences left Indian farmers economically dependent and on the periphery of American society.
