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Rod And Cone Contributions To S Potentials From Cat Retina
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Book Synopsis Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy Herbert Steinberg
Download or read book Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy Herbert Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of whether the rods contribute to S-potentials was studied in the intact eye of the cat. S-potentials from luminosity units (L-units) were evoked by small spots of relatively monochromatic light in dark- and light-adapted retinae. The spectral sensitivity curve for dark-adapted S-potentials had its maximum at 500 nm, and the form of dark-adapted responses also suggested that rods were excited. The spectral sensitivity curve for light-adapted S-potentials had its maximum at 560 nm, and response latencies even at threshold were much faster than in dark adaptation. Individual S-potentials exhibited Purkinje shifts. It is concluded that rhodopsin rods contribute to S-potentials (L-type) in the cat and that cones contribute to the same responses. (Author).
Book Synopsis Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy H. Steinberg
Download or read book Rod and Cone Contributions to S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy H. Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of whether the rods contribute to S-potentials was studied in the intact eye of the cat. S-potentials from luminosity units (L-units) were evoked by small spots of relatively monochromatic light in dark- and light-adapted retinae. The spectral sensitivity curve for dark-adapted S-potentials had its maximum at 500 nm, and the form of dark-adapted responses also suggested that rods were excited. The spectral sensitivity curve for light-adapted S-potentials had its maximum at 560 nm, and response latencies even at threshold were much faster than in dark adaptation. Individual S-potentials exhibited Purkinje shifts. It is concluded that rhodopsin rods contribute to S-potentials (L-type) in the cat and that cones contribute to the same responses. (Author).
Book Synopsis Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy Herbert Steinberg
Download or read book Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy Herbert Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rod-cone interaction in cat S-potentials was studied by analyzing the effect of wavelength and intensity upon the form of dark-adapted responses. Flashes of white light and relatively monochromatic flashes produced responses that seemed to originate from the excitation of both receptor types. The rod response changed as a function of intensity, peaking at approx. 2.5 log above threshold and increasing in duration at approx. 3.0 log above threshold. The cone response seemed in some way to add to the changing rod response. V-Log I curves showed that the rod responses reached a ceiling (initial peak voltage) at approx. 3.5 log above threshold while the maintained voltage leveled off at a lower intensity. Both ceilings were obscured by the apparent addition of the cone contribution. Cone and rod responses to brief orange and blue lights of moderate intensity, separated in time, added together across a complete range of intervals. (Author).
Book Synopsis Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy H. Steinberg
Download or read book Rod-cone Interaction in S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy H. Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rod-cone interaction in cat S-potentials was studied by analyzing the effect of wavelength and intensity upon the form of dark-adapted responses. Flashes of white light and relatively monochromatic flashes produced responses that seemed to originate from the excitation of both receptor types. The rod response changed as a function of intensity, peaking at approx. 2.5 log above threshold and increasing in duration at approx. 3.0 log above threshold. The cone response seemed in some way to add to the changing rod response. V-Log I curves showed that the rod responses reached a ceiling (initial peak voltage) at approx. 3.5 log above threshold while the maintained voltage leveled off at a lower intensity. Both ceilings were obscured by the apparent addition of the cone contribution. Cone and rod responses to brief orange and blue lights of moderate intensity, separated in time, added together across a complete range of intervals. (Author).
Book Synopsis The Rod After-effect in S-potentials from Cat Retina by : Roy Herbert Steinberg
Download or read book The Rod After-effect in S-potentials from Cat Retina written by Roy Herbert Steinberg and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relation of the rod after-effect to percentage rhodopsin bleached was studied in S-potentials from cat retina. At threshold, flashes which produced the rod after-effect bleached only very small quantities of rhodopsin; and at a fixed flash duration, the duration of the after-effect increased as a function of log intensity. The after-effect's threshold occurred at about the intensity which saturated the maintained voltage. With flash intensity fixed (6.5 log td. scotopic) and flash duration increased (0.5 to 64.0 sec) the duration of the after-effect was a linear function of exposure time. The duration continued to increase after an exposure of 16 sec, even though at least 99 per cent of the rhodopsin had been bleached. It is concluded that the after-effect originates from something which accumulates after the maintained voltage in rod pathways reaches a ceiling. The accumulation can continue at a fixed rate irrespective of the bleaching rate. (Author).
Download or read book Webvision written by Helga Kolb and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The S-potential by : Boris D. Drujan
Download or read book The S-potential written by Boris D. Drujan and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs by : M. G. F. Fuortes
Download or read book Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs written by M. G. F. Fuortes and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Duplicity Theory of Vision by : Bjørn Stabell
Download or read book Duplicity Theory of Vision written by Bjørn Stabell and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-13 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book chronicles the development of three classic theories within vision research, from the 17th century to today, focusing on duplicity theory.
Book Synopsis Visual Perception by : Lothar Spillmann
Download or read book Visual Perception written by Lothar Spillmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an interdisciplinary overview of the main facts and theories that guide contemporary research on visual perception. While the chapters cover virtually all areas of visual science, from philosophical foundations to computational algorithms, and from photoreceptor processes to neuronal networks, no attempt has been made to provide an exhaustive treatment of these topics. Rather, researchers from such diverse disciplines as psychology, neurophysiology, anatomy, and clinical vision sciences have worked together to review some of the most important correlations between perceptual phenomena and the underlying neurophysiological processes and mechanisms. The book is thus intended to serve as an advanced text for graduate students and as a guide for all vision researchers to understanding current progress outside their specialized fields of interest.ï Examines parallel processing of visual informationï Discusses links between physiologically-measured receptive fields and psychophysically-measured perceptive fieldsï Presents a spatial sampling by the retina and cortical modulesï Covers signal transduction and the sites of adaptationï Describes a single-cell analysis of attentionï Discusses computational models of vision
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 1828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aerospace Medicine and Biology written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selection of annotated references to unclassified reports and journal articles that were introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system and announced in Scientific and technical aerospace reports (STAR) and International aerospace abstracts (IAA).
Download or read book Night Vision written by R. F. Hess and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-09-27 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This detailed 1990 book describes the light and dark adaptation of receptoral and post-receptoral mechanisms from a number of perspectives. The authors emphasise the importance of the study of achromatopsia, a rare congenital condition in which the visual mechanisms that mediate day vision are absent whilst those that mediate night vision remain intact.
Author :Michelangelo G.F. Fuortes Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :3642653405 Total Pages :784 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (426 download)
Book Synopsis Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs by : Michelangelo G.F. Fuortes
Download or read book Physiology of Photoreceptor Organs written by Michelangelo G.F. Fuortes and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a collection of essays which attempts to summarize the recent progress in the field of photoreceptor and retinal physiology. Reflecting the way in which research is organized, each author reports on the studies performed with the techniques with which he is most familiar: morpholo gical, chemical or physiological. The first chapters describe the structure of visual cells and the histological architecture of the retina. Next comes a summary of the laws governing photochemical reactions and a report on the biochemistry of photopigments. Four articles cover the optical properties of invertebrate eyes and the electrophysiology and the interactions of their photoreceptors. These are followed by a discussion of the properties of vertebrate eyes, including chapters on optics, on the electrical responses of rods and cones and on the functional organization of the retina. The final chapter provides an extensive review of retinal biochemistry and metabolism. Even though the experimental approach differs, all studies are directed toward the solution of two basic problems: transduction in the photoreceptors and orga nization (often called "information processing") in the retina. The central problem of photoreceptor cells is to determine how light produces a response. We know that illumination evokes electrical changes and we have recently learned a great deal about the features of these changes. The evidence indicates however that elaborate processes must be interposed between the ab sorption of photons by the pigment and the production of electric currents through the membrane. These intermediary cvents remain to be unraveled.
Author :Herbert J.A. Dartnall Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :364265066X Total Pages :841 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (426 download)
Book Synopsis Photochemistry of Vision by : Herbert J.A. Dartnall
Download or read book Photochemistry of Vision written by Herbert J.A. Dartnall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 841 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radiation can only affect matter if absorbed by it. Within the broad range of 300-1000 nm, which we call "the visible", light quanta are energetic enough to produce excited electronic states in the atoms and molecules that absorb them. In these states the molecules may have quite different properties from those in their dormant condition, and reactions that would not otherwise occur become possible. About 80 % of the radiant energy emitted by our sun lies in this fertile band, and so long as the sun's surface temperature is maintained at about 6000° C this state of affairs will continue. This and the transparency of our atmosphere and waters have allowed the generation and evolution of life. Before life began the atmosphere probably also transmitted much of the solar short-wave radiation, but with the rise of vegetation a new product - oxygen - appeared and this, by a photochemical reaction in the upper atmosphere, led to the ozone layer that now protects us from the energetic "short-wave" quanta that once, perhaps, took part in the generation of life-molecules. Light is an ideal sensory stimulus. It travels in straight lines at great speed and, consequently, can be made to form an image from which an animal can make "true", continuous and immediate assessments of present and impending events.
Book Synopsis Adler's Physiology of the Eye by : Francis Heed Adler
Download or read book Adler's Physiology of the Eye written by Francis Heed Adler and published by Mosby. This book was released on 1981 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neural Principles in Vision by : F. Zettler
Download or read book Neural Principles in Vision written by F. Zettler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific investigation of the retina began with extensive studies of its anatomical structure. The selective staining of neurons achieved by the Golgi method has led to a comprehensive picture of the architecture of the tissue in terms of its individ ual elements. Cajal, in particular, used this tech nique to reveal the fundamentals of retinal struc ture. In the studies that followed, selective stain ing method continued to be decisive in the analysis of neuroanatomy, and in recent years these techniques have been complemented by electron microscopy. The complexity of retinal structure that has been revealed demands a functional explanation, and elec trophysiology attempts to provide it. But functional analysis, like anatomy, must ultimately be based on the single cell. It is only by using dyes to mark the recording site that one can identify the cells involved. When this succeeds, as it has recently, one can actually fit functional events into the ana tomical framework. With these advances, our strate gies and tactics toward an understanding of the structure and function of the retina have moved in to a new phase.
