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Review Of The Environmental Protection Agencys Draft Iris Assessment Of Tetrachloroethylene
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Book Synopsis Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene by : National Research Council
Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tetrachloroethylene is a volatile, chlorinated organic hydrocarbon that is widely used as a solvent in the dry-cleaning and textile-processing industries and as an agent for degreasing metal parts. It is an environmental contaminant that has been detected in the air, groundwater, surface waters, and soil. In June 2008, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released its draft Toxicological Review of Tetrachloroethylene (Perchloroethylene) (CAS No. 127-18-4) in Support of Summary Information on the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). The draft IRIS assessment provides quantitative estimates of cancer and noncancer effects of exposure to tetrachloreothylene, which will be used to establish airquality and water-quality standards to protect public health and to set cleanup standards for hazardous waste sites. At the request of EPA, the National Research Council conducted an independent scientific review of the draft IRIS assessment of tetrachloroethylene from toxicologic, epidemiologic, and human clinical perspectives. The resulting book evaluates the adequacy of the EPA assessment, the data and methods used for deriving the noncancer values for inhalation and oral exposures and the oral and inhalation cancer unit risks posed by tetrachloroethylene; evaluates whether the key studies underlying the draft IRIS assessment are of requisite quality, reliability, and relevance to support the derivation of the reference values and cancer risks; evaluates whether the uncertainties in EPA's risk assessment were adequately described and, where possible, quantified; and identifies research that could reduce the uncertainty in the current understanding of human health effects associated with tetrachloroethylene exposure.
Book Synopsis Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene by : National Research Council (U.
Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene written by National Research Council (U. and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Review of the Environmental Protection Agencyâ€s Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene by :
Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agencyâ€s Draft IRIS Assessment of Tetrachloroethylene written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Review of EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Process by : National Research Council
Download or read book Review of EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Process written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) is a program within the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that is responsible for developing toxicologic assessments of environmental contaminants. An IRIS assessment contains hazard identifications and dose-response assessments of various chemicals related to cancer and noncancer outcomes. Although the program was created to increase consistency among toxicologic assessments within the agency, federal, state, and international agencies and other organizations have come to rely on IRIS assessments for setting regulatory standards, establishing exposure guidelines, and estimating risks to exposed populations. Over the last decade, the National Research Council (NRC) has been asked to review some of the more complex and challenging IRIS assessments, including those of formaldehyde, dioxin, and tetrachloroethylene. In 2011, an NRC committee released its review of the IRIS formaldehyde assessment. Like other NRC committees that had reviewed IRIS assessments, the formaldehyde committee identified deficiencies in the specific assessment and more broadly in some of EPA's general approaches and specific methods. Although the committee focused on evaluating the IRIS formaldehyde assessment, it provided suggestions for improving the IRIS process and a roadmap for its revision in case EPA decided to move forward with changes to the process. Congress directed EPA to implement the report's recommendations and then asked the National Research Council to review the changes that EPA was making (or proposing to make) in response to the recommendations. Review of EPA's Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) Process provides an overview of some general issues associated with IRIS assessments. This report then addresses evidence identification and evaluation for IRIS assessments and discusses evidence integration for hazard evaluation and methods for calculating reference values and unit risks. The report makes recommendations and considerations for future directions. Overall, Review of EPA's Integrated Risk Information System Process finds that substantial improvements in the IRIS process have been made, and it is clear that EPA has embraced and is acting on the recommendations in the NRC formaldehyde report. The recommendations of this report should be seen as building on the progress that EPA has already made.
Book Synopsis Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde by : National Research Council
Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency's Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-05-31 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formaldehyde is ubiquitous in indoor and outdoor air, and everyone is exposed to formaldehyde at some concentration daily. Formaldehyde is used to produce a wide array of products, particularly building materials; it is emitted from many sources, including power plants, cars, gas and wood stoves, and cigarettes; it is a natural product in come foods; and it is naturally present in the human body as a metabolic intermediate. Much research has been conducted on the health effects of exposure to formaldehyde, including effects on the upper airway, where formaldehyde is deposited when inhaled, and effects on tissues distant from the site of initial contact. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) released noncancer and cancer assessments of formaldehyde for its Intergated Risk Information System (IRIS) in 1990 and 1991, respectively. The agency began reassessing formaldehyde in 1998 and released a draft IRIS assessment in June 2010. Given the complexity of the issues and the knowledge that the assessment will be used as the basis of regulatory decisions, EPA asked the National Research Council (NRC) to conduct an independent scientific review of the draft IRIS assessment. In this report, the Committee to Review EPA's Draft IRIS Assessment of Formaldehyde first addresses some general issues associated with the draft IRIS assessment. The committee next focuses on questions concerning specific aspects of the draft assessment, including derivation of the reference concentrations and the cancer unit risk estimates for formaldehyde. The committee closes with recommendations for improving the IRIS assessment of formaldehyde and provides some general comments on the IRIS development process.
Book Synopsis IRIS Toxicological Review of Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) (external Review Draft). by :
Download or read book IRIS Toxicological Review of Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) (external Review Draft). written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011). Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :328 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (319 download)
Book Synopsis EPA's IRIS Program by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011). Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight
Download or read book EPA's IRIS Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology (2011). Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chemical Assessments written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) contains EPA's scientific position on the potential human health effects of exposure to more than 540 chemicals. IRIS is a critical component of EPA's capacity to support scientifically sound environmental decisions, policies, and regulations. GAO was asked to examine (1) the outcome of steps EPA has taken to ensure that IRIS contains current, credible chemical risk information, to address the backlog of ongoing assessments, and to respond to new requirements from the Office of Management and Budget (OMB); and (2) the potential effects of planned changes to the IRIS assessment process on EPA's ability to ensure that IRIS provides current, credible risk information. To do this work, GAO reviewed and analyzed EPA data and interviewed officials at relevant agencies....
Book Synopsis Health Assessment Document for Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) by : Mark M. Greenberg
Download or read book Health Assessment Document for Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) written by Mark M. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher : ISBN 13 :9780309090889 Total Pages :120 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (98 download)
Book Synopsis Review of U. S. EPA's ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of U. S. EPA's ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by . This book was released on 2022-08-30 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS) program develops human health assessments that focus on hazard identification and dose-response analyses for chemicals in the environment. The ORD Staff Handbook for Developing IRIS Assessments (the handbook) provides guidance to scientists who perform the IRIS assessments in order to foster consistency in the assessments and enhance transparency about the IRIS assessment process. At the request of the EPA, this report reviews the procedures and considerations for operationalizing the principles of systematic reviews and the methods described in the handbook for determining the scope of the IRIS assessments, evidence integration, extrapolation techniques, dose-response analyses, and characterization of uncertainties.
Book Synopsis Health Assessment Document for Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) by : Mark M. Greenberg
Download or read book Health Assessment Document for Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) written by Mark M. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :030945252X Total Pages :159 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-10 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a mission and regulatory responsibility to protect human health and the environment. EPA's pursuit of that goal includes a variety of research activities involving human subjects, such as epidemiologic studies and surveys. Those research activities also involve studies of individuals who volunteer to be exposed to air pollutants intentionally in controlled laboratory settings so that measurements can be made of transient and reversible biomarker or physiologic responses to those exposures that can indicate pathways of toxicity and mechanisms of air-pollution responses. The results of those controlled human inhalation exposure (CHIE) studies, also referred to as human clinical studies or human challenge studies, are used to inform policy decisions and help establish or revise standards to protect public health and improve air quality. Controlled Human Inhalation-Exposure Studies at EPA addresses scientific issues and provides guidance on the conduct of CHIE studies. This report assesses the utility of CHIE studies to inform and reduce uncertainties in setting air-pollution standards to protect public health and assess whether continuation of such studies is warranted. It also evaluates the potential health risks to test subjects who participated in recent studies of air pollutants at EPA's clinical research facility.
Book Synopsis Review of Draft Trichloroethylene Health Risk Assessment by :
Download or read book Review of Draft Trichloroethylene Health Risk Assessment written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :236 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis The EPA's IRIS Program by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight
Download or read book The EPA's IRIS Program written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science and Technology (2007). Subcommittee on Investigations and Oversight and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Toxicological Profile for Tetrachloroethylene by :
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Tetrachloroethylene written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Peer Consultation Workshop on Research Needs Related to the Iris Draft Toxicological Review of Naphthalene Final Report by : U. S. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Peer Consultation Workshop on Research Needs Related to the Iris Draft Toxicological Review of Naphthalene Final Report written by U. S. Environmental Protection Agency and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was introduced on December 2, 1970 by President Richard Nixon. The agency is charged with protecting human health and the environment, by writing and enforcing regulations based on laws passed by Congress. The EPA's struggle to protect health and the environment is seen through each of its official publications. These publications outline new policies, detail problems with enforcing laws, document the need for new legislation, and describe new tactics to use to solve these issues. This collection of publications ranges from historic documents to reports released in the new millennium, and features works like: Bicycle for a Better Environment, Health Effects of Increasing Sulfur Oxides Emissions Draft, and Women and Environmental Health.
Book Synopsis Hidden Costs of Energy by : National Research Council
Download or read book Hidden Costs of Energy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-05-26 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the many benefits of energy, most of which are reflected in energy market prices, the production, distribution, and use of energy causes negative effects. Many of these negative effects are not reflected in energy market prices. When market failures like this occur, there may be a case for government interventions in the form of regulations, taxes, fees, tradable permits, or other instruments that will motivate recognition of these external or hidden costs. The Hidden Costs of Energy defines and evaluates key external costs and benefits that are associated with the production, distribution, and use of energy, but are not reflected in market prices. The damage estimates presented are substantial and reflect damages from air pollution associated with electricity generation, motor vehicle transportation, and heat generation. The book also considers other effects not quantified in dollar amounts, such as damages from climate change, effects of some air pollutants such as mercury, and risks to national security. While not a comprehensive guide to policy, this analysis indicates that major initiatives to further reduce other emissions, improve energy efficiency, or shift to a cleaner electricity generating mix could substantially reduce the damages of external effects. A first step in minimizing the adverse consequences of new energy technologies is to better understand these external effects and damages. The Hidden Costs of Energy will therefore be a vital informational tool for government policy makers, scientists, and economists in even the earliest stages of research and development on energy technologies.
