Review Of The Efficacy Of Evidence Based Programs At Minimizing The Effects Of Community Based Violence

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Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence

Author : Patricia Russo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (972 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence by : Patricia Russo

Download or read book Review of the Efficacy of Evidence-based Programs at Minimizing the Effects of Community Based Violence written by Patricia Russo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to trauma, including chronic community violence, during adolescence appears to impact youth's development and adaptive functioning in several domains. Community violence exposure is associated with both internalizing and externalizing difficulties as well attentional impairment, declines in academic achievement, impairment in typical development, and increased substance use. Consequently, treatment implications for adolescents exposed to community violence is a heightened area of concern and a topic that needs to be further investigated. This review begins by summarizing the risk and protective factors that may influence the impact of community violence exposure. The overall aim is to conduct a systematic review of evidence-based programs that have been implemented in the community to determine what specific aspects of these programs have shown to be effective, or ineffective, in treating externalizing and internalizing behaviors exhibited by adolescents exposed to community violence. This literature review closely examined eight articles (six programs) that assessed the impact of trauma, particularly community violence, on psychological well-being. Only articles that and females between the ages of 10 and 17 were reviewed. In addition, the article had to include at least one of the core characteristics of violence exposure: direct victimization or witnessing violence in the community as a risk factor for adolescent well-being. The programs were examined through study sample and design, type of intervention, and key findings on the effects of treatment on mental health symptoms following experience of community violence. All programs found significant improvements in symptoms related to posttraumatic stress, as each program was aimed at treating adolescents who have experienced a form of trauma. However, the specific types of posttraumatic stress symptoms that improved varied by programs. Programs that resulted in significant decreases in depression appeared to place a large emphasis on the cognitive and affect regulation components of therapy. Decreases in anxiety was associated with programs that placed a greater emphasis on implementing multiple ecological levels of intervention, including parent-child attunement and attachment. Results of the present review indicate that taking on a comprehensive and multi-tiered approach to reducing risk factors and enhancing protective factors appears, notably by targeting interventions to focus on the individual and family levels, helps address the generational impact of community violence.

Evidence-Based Crime Prevention

Author : David P. Farrington
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134489838
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (344 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Crime Prevention by : David P. Farrington

Download or read book Evidence-Based Crime Prevention written by David P. Farrington and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive - reviews 675 crime prevention programs across the world Employs the easy to understand 'scientific methods scale' to communicate data on what works and what does not to policy makers and practitioners as well as students and researchers Farrington is a big name on both sides of the Atlantic - has been president of American Society of Criminology and British Society of Criminology as well as European Association of Psychology and Law

Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention

Author : James McGuire
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030763633
Total Pages : 467 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention by : James McGuire

Download or read book Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention written by James McGuire and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses and reviews progress in a major innovative development within police work known as evidence-based policing. It involves a significant extension and strengthening of links between research and practice and is directed to the task of increasing police effectiveness in the field of community crime prevention. This volume provides an international perspective that synthesizes recent research results from the United States and other countries – including systematic reviews of large bodies of evidence – to illuminate several of the most challenging issues currently confronting police departments. It examines recent advances in research-based models of policing and the expanding base in outcome evaluation. Key areas of coverage include: Managing the nighttime economy. Supervising sex offenders. Tackling domestic/intimate partner violence. Addressing school violence and the formation of gangs. Reducing victim and witness retraction and disengagement. Responding to mental disorders, safeguarding vulnerable adults, and providing victim support. Leveraging public awareness campaigns. In addition, each chapter presents an overview of key issues within a designated area, synthesizes existing reviews, and examines the most recent research. The book clearly and concisely presents major concepts, theories, and research findings, thereby providing both conceptual and analytic tools alongside an integrated presentation of principal findings and messages. The volume concludes with a discussion of current directions in research, key developments in policing strategies, and identification of effective operational structures for facilitating and sustaining research-practice links. Evidence-Based Policing and Community Crime Prevention is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians and other professionals, and graduate students in forensic psychology, criminology and criminal justice, public health, developmental psychology, psychotherapy and counseling, psychiatry, social work, educational policy and politics, health psychology, nursing, and behavioral therapy/rehabilitation.

The Effectiveness of Universal School-Based Programs for the Prevention of Violent and Aggressive Behavior

Author : Robert Hahn
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effectiveness of Universal School-Based Programs for the Prevention of Violent and Aggressive Behavior by : Robert Hahn

Download or read book The Effectiveness of Universal School-Based Programs for the Prevention of Violent and Aggressive Behavior written by Robert Hahn and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Universal school-based programs to reduce or prevent violent behavior are delivered to all children in classrooms in a grade or in a school. Similarly, programs targeted to schools in high-risk areas (defined by low socioeconomic status or high crime rates) are delivered to all children in a grade or school in those high-risk areas. During 2004-2006, the Task Force on Community Preventive Services (Task Force) conducted a systematic review of published scientific evidence concerning the effectiveness of these programs. The results of this review provide strong evidence that universal school-based programs decrease rates of violence and aggressive behavior among school-aged children. Program effects were demonstrated at all grade levels. An independent meta-analysis of school-based programs confirmed and supplemented these findings. On the basis of strong evidence of effectiveness, the Task Force recommends the use of universal school-based programs to prevent or reduce violent behavior. (Contains 2 tables and 2 footnotes.).

What Works in Crime Prevention and Rehabilitation

Author : David Weisburd
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493934775
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis What Works in Crime Prevention and Rehabilitation by : David Weisburd

Download or read book What Works in Crime Prevention and Rehabilitation written by David Weisburd and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ambitious volume brings together and assesses all major systematic reviews of the effectiveness of criminological interventions, to draw broad conclusions about what works in policing, corrections, developmental prevention, situational prevention, drug abuse treatments, sentencing and deterrence, and communities. Systematic reviews aim to minimize any possible bias in drawing conclusions by stating explicit criteria for inclusion and exclusion of studies, by conducting extensive and wide-ranging searches for possibly eligible studies, and by making all stages of the review explicit and transparent so that the methods can be checked and replicated. Over a decade ago, a concerted effort was made by members of the criminology community, including the Editors and contributors of this volume, to bring the practice of systematic reviews to the study of Criminology, providing replicable, evidence-based data to answer key questions about the study of crime causation, detection, and prevention. Now, the pioneers in this effort present a comprehensive stock-taking of what has been learned in the past decade of systematic reviews in criminology. Much has been discovered about the effectiveness of (for example) boot camps, “hot spots” policing, closed-circuit television surveillance, neighborhood watch, anti-bullying programs in schools, early parenting programs, drug treatment programs, and other key topics. This volume will be of interest to researchers in criminology and criminal justice, as well as in related fields such as public health and forensic science, with important implications for policy-makers and practitioners. Decisively showing that the “nothing works” era is over, this volume takes stock of what we know, and still need to know, to prevent crime. I plan to keep this book close at hand and to use it often! Francis T. Cullen, Distinguished Research Professor Emeritus, University of Cincinnati At a time when there is a broad commitment to bringing science to the front lines of practice, this book should be on the reading list of both policymakers and scholars. Laurie O. Robinson, Clarence J. Robinson Professor of Criminology, Law Society, George Mason University and former Assistant Attorney General of the U.S. Department of Justice

The Oxford Handbook of Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice

Author : Barry C. Feld
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195385101
Total Pages : 955 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice by : Barry C. Feld

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Juvenile Crime and Juvenile Justice written by Barry C. Feld and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 955 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: State-of-the-art critical reviews of recent scholarship on the causes of juvenile delinquency, juvenile justice system responses, and public policies to prevent and reduce youth crime are brought together in a single volume authored by leading scholars and researchers in neuropsychology, developmental and social psychology, sociology, history, criminology/criminal justice, and law.

A Step-By-Step Guide for Coaching Classroom Teachers in Evidence-Based Interventions

Author : Dana D. Marchese
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190671653
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis A Step-By-Step Guide for Coaching Classroom Teachers in Evidence-Based Interventions by : Dana D. Marchese

Download or read book A Step-By-Step Guide for Coaching Classroom Teachers in Evidence-Based Interventions written by Dana D. Marchese and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-04-05 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Step-By-Step Guide for Coaching Classroom Teachers in Evidence-Based Interventions is a practical guide for school-based professionals. Combining evidence-based practices with the authors' real-life experiences working with classroom teachers, it represents a decade of research. The authors offer step-by-step approaches, based on hundreds of case examples, to overcoming some of the most difficult challenges faced by coaches and teachers in terms of implementation of evidence-based interventions. This book describes the coaching model and offers strategies for monitoring, enhancing, and troubleshooting teacher implementation. In addition to establishing positive coach-teacher relationships, the authors demonstrate how coaches can incorporate strategies that reflect core principles of behavior change, including modeling, reinforcement, and performance feedback. More than 20 handouts are shared in the appendix of the book. No other text features this distinctive blend of theory, research, and real life experiences, making it a valuable and unique contribution to the field.

Protecting Children from Violence

Author : James Michael Lampinen
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136980032
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Protecting Children from Violence by : James Michael Lampinen

Download or read book Protecting Children from Violence written by James Michael Lampinen and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2010-09-13 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing an evidence-based understanding of the causes and consequences of violence against children, experts in the field examine the best practices used to help protect children from violence. Various types of violence are reviewed including physical and sexual abuse, (cyber-)bullying, human trafficking, online predators, abductions, and war. In addition, it reviews the various perpetrators of such violence including parents and relatives, strangers, other children, and societal institutions. The possible outcomes of such violence including physical injuries, death, depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorders, and damage to the social fabric of the local community are also explored. To enhance accessibility, each contributor addresses common themes: Opening case studies dramatically illustrate the human cost of abuse and neglect Empirically driven estimates of the scope of problem to better understand who is at risk and why Empirically driven testing of interventions to maximize effectiveness of programs How current research compares to public perception and the impact on public policy The worldwide problem of violence against children Evidence-based recommendations for reducing violence against children. The book opens with a review of the history of the problem, the methodological approaches used to study it, and current "best practice" prevention strategies. The methods used to identify peer victims are then explored. Next child eyewitness memory is examined including the most effective techniques for maximizing the retrieval of information. This is followed by the research on missing and abducted children including the effectiveness of recovery programs such as supermarket campaigns and forensic age profiles. Next how the Internet is used in the victimization of children is explored including tips to help protect children online. Public attitudes toward sex offender registration laws are then reviewed followed by vulnerabilities that include genetic, neuropsychological, temperamental, cognitive, perceptual and social factors. International perspectives on protecting children from violence and global health inequities are then addressed. The book concludes with recommendations for future research. Contributors are noted scholars from a broad range of disciplines. As such, the book appeals to researchers and advanced students in developmental, counseling, clinical, cognitive, evolutionary, and social psychology, as well as sociology, social work, criminal justice, education, and law enforcement.

Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention

Author : Lynda Doll
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387294570
Total Pages : 598 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention by : Lynda Doll

Download or read book Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention written by Lynda Doll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-20 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention, over fifty experts present the current landscape of intervention methods - from risk reduction to rethinking social norms - as they address some of the most prevalent forms of accidental and violent injury. - Overview chapters examine the social and economic scope of unintentional and violent injury today - Extensive literature review of specific intervention programs to prevent violence and injury - Special chapters on childhood injuries, alcohol-related accidents, and disasters - "Interventions in the Field" section offers solid guidelines for implementing and improving existing programs - Critical analysis of issues involved in delivering programs to wider audiences - Helpful appendices list relevant agencies and professional resources This dual focus on intervention and application makes the Handbook a bedrock text for professionals involved in delivering or managing prevention programs. Its what-works-now approach gives it particular utility in the graduate classroom, and researchers will benefit from the critical attention paid to knowledge gaps in the field. It is a major resource for any reader committed to reducing the number of incidents just waiting to happen.

Handbook of Moral and Character Education

Author : Larry Nucci
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040107923
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Moral and Character Education by : Larry Nucci

Download or read book Handbook of Moral and Character Education written by Larry Nucci and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-08-16 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Moral and Character Education offers a definitive, state-of-the-art synthesis of leading scholarship in moral and character education. A subject of international interest and the focus of numerous governmental curricular mandates, the moral development and character formation of students are increasingly recognized as an essential component of a well-rounded schooling experience. This comprehensive volume explores the philosophical, psychological, and educational issues that define the field; links robust theoretical and empirical foundations to effective classroom practice; highlights implications for civic engagement and social justice; and follows the lessons learned from moral and character education into contexts outside of schools. Fully revised and updated, this third edition features a refreshed research base, coverage of digital pedagogies, out-of-school programs, and informal learning, and discussions about the role of reason, emotion, cultural processes, and citizenship/democracy in education. Further, the book’s substantive emphasis on diversity and equity in the field results in greater racial, ethnic, and geographic representation among contributing authors, inclusion of historically marginalized school communities and student identities, and coverage of practices such as transformative social and emotional learning (SEL), restorative justice, and education for environmental sustainability.

The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Emergencies and Crises

Author : Phillip M. Kleespies
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199352720
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Emergencies and Crises by : Phillip M. Kleespies

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Emergencies and Crises written by Phillip M. Kleespies and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Behavioral Emergencies and Crises includes the most up-to-date and valuable research on the evaluation and management of the most challenging patients or clients faced by mental health providers-individuals who are at high risk of suicide, of other-directed violence, or of becoming the victims of interpersonal violence. These are cases in which the outcome can be serious injury or death, and there can be negative consequences not only for the patient, but also for the patient's family and friends, for the assessing or treating clinician, and for the patient's clinic or medical center. Virtually all mental health clinicians with an active caseload will see individuals with such issues. This Handbook is comprised of chapters by leading clinicians, researchers, and scholars in this area of practice. It presents a framework for learning the skills needed for assessing and working competently with such high-risk individuals. Chapters draw a distinction between behavioral emergencies and crises, and between emergency intervention and crisis intervention. The book examines the inter-related aspects of the major behavioral emergencies; that is, for example, the degree to which interpersonal victimization may lead an individual on a pathway to later suicidal or violent behavior, or the degree to which suicidal individuals and violent individuals may share certain cognitive characteristics. This resource is not simply a knowledge base for behavioral emergencies; it also presents a method for reducing stress and acquiring skills in working with high-risk people.

Treatment of Child Abuse

Author : Robert M. Reece
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 142141273X
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Treatment of Child Abuse by : Robert M. Reece

Download or read book Treatment of Child Abuse written by Robert M. Reece and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2014-06-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New and expanded material includes information on; Bullying; Sanctuary Model of trauma-informed care; Long-term medical management; Appropriate use of psychopharmacology; Importance of self-care for professionalsTreatment of Child Abuse is an important resource for mental health professionals, family physicians, pediatricians, emergency department physicians, physician assistants, and nurses, as well as child advocate professionals, social workers, and lawyers.

Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention

Author : Dante Cicchetti
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119125537
Total Pages : 1155 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention by : Dante Cicchetti

Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology, Risk, Resilience, and Intervention written by Dante Cicchetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-01 with total page 1155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examine the latest research merging nature and nurture in pathological development Developmental Psychopathology is a four-volume compendium of the most complete and current research on every aspect of the field. Volume Four: Genes and Environment focuses on the interplay between nature and nurture throughout the life stages, and the ways in which a child's environment can influence his or her physical and mental health as an adult. The discussion explores relationships with family, friends, and the community; environmental factors like poverty, violence, and social support; the development of coping mechanisms, and more, including the impact of these factors on physical brain development. This new third edition has been fully updated to incorporate the latest advances, and to better reflect the increasingly multilevel and interdisciplinary nature of the field and the growing importance of translational research. The relevance of classification in a developmental context is also addressed, including DSM-5 criteria and definitions. Advances in developmental psychopathology are occurring increasingly quickly as expanding theoretical and empirical work brings about dramatic gains in the multiple domains of child and adult development. This book brings you up to date on the latest developments surrounding genetics and environmental influence, including their intersection in experience-dependent brain development. Understand the impact of childhood adversity on adulthood health Gauge the effects of violence, poverty, interparental conflict, and more Learn how peer, family, and community relationships drive development Examine developments in prevention science and future research priorities Developmental psychopathology is necessarily interdisciplinary, as development arises from a dynamic interplay between psychological, genetic, social, cognitive, emotional, and cultural factors. Developmental Psychopathology Volume Four: Genes and Environment brings this diverse research together to give you a cohesive picture of the state of knowledge in the field.

Improving School Climate

Author : George G. Bear
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351170465
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving School Climate by : George G. Bear

Download or read book Improving School Climate written by George G. Bear and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-04 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improving School Climate provides evidence-based and practical strategies for cultivating a healthy school environment, while also avoiding behavior problems. The book is packed with strategies centered on key components and conditions for a positive school climate, such as positive teacher-student relationships, positive student-student relationships (including absence of bullying), supportive home-school relationships, student engagement, effective classroom management and school discipline, school safety, and student self-discipline. This text is an important inclusion for educators and school psychologists who prefer a structured, evidence-based, and practical approach for improving school climate, while also promoting students’ academic achievements, preventing behavior problems, and fostering students’ social and emotional competencies.

Evidence-based Social Work Practice: Finding Evidence: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide

Author : Oxford University Press
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199802300
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Evidence-based Social Work Practice: Finding Evidence: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide by : Oxford University Press

Download or read book Evidence-based Social Work Practice: Finding Evidence: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide written by Oxford University Press and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2010-05-01 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ebook is a selective guide designed to help scholars and students of social work find reliable sources of information by directing them to the best available scholarly materials in whatever form or format they appear from books, chapters, and journal articles to online archives, electronic data sets, and blogs. Written by a leading international authority on the subject, the ebook provides bibliographic information supported by direct recommendations about which sources to consult and editorial commentary to make it clear how the cited sources are interrelated related. A reader will discover, for instance, the most reliable introductions and overviews to the topic, and the most important publications on various areas of scholarly interest within this topic. In social work, as in other disciplines, researchers at all levels are drowning in potentially useful scholarly information, and this guide has been created as a tool for cutting through that material to find the exact source you need. This ebook is a static version of an article from Oxford Bibliographies Online: Social Work, a dynamic, continuously updated, online resource designed to provide authoritative guidance through scholarship and other materials relevant to the study and practice of social work. Oxford Bibliographies Online covers most subject disciplines within the social science and humanities, for more information visit www.aboutobo.com.

Prevention of Youth and Gang Violence

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Prevention of Youth and Gang Violence by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary

Download or read book Prevention of Youth and Gang Violence written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Routledge Handbook of Evidence-Based Criminal Justice Practices

Author : Edelyn Verona
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 100096535X
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Evidence-Based Criminal Justice Practices by : Edelyn Verona

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Evidence-Based Criminal Justice Practices written by Edelyn Verona and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now more than ever, the criminal justice system, and the programs, policies, and practices within it, are subject to increased public scrutiny, due to well-founded concerns over effectiveness, fairness, and potential unintended consequences. One of the best means to address these concerns is to draw upon evidence-based approaches demonstrated to be effective through empirical research, rather than through anecdote, standard practice, or professional experience alone (National Institute of Justice, 2011). The goal of this book is to describe the most useful, actionable, and evidence-based solutions to many of the most pressing questions in the criminal justice system today. Specifically, this edited volume contains brief and accessible summaries of the best available research, alongside detailed descriptions of evidence-based practices, across different areas of the criminal justice system. It is written so that practitioners and researchers alike can use the text as reference tool in their work and in training the new generation of individuals working to improve the system. Researchers and practitioners in many areas of criminal justice – crime prevention, policing, courts (prosecution, defendants, judges), corrections, sanctions, and sentencing – can reference specific chapters in this book to guide their policy and practice decisions. Although theory is a guide for the practices described, the chapters will address practical issues in implementation and action. This book overcomes the limitations of previous criminal justice practice books in that it is written as a practice resource and reference guide and spans practices and policies across different sectors of the criminal justice system – from prevention to policing to sanctions and corrections. Each chapter contains a list of action items, based upon the best available scientific research, that can be implemented in practice to address key issues and long standing challenges in the criminal justice system.