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Resonance And Texture Coding In The Rat Whisker System
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Book Synopsis Resonance and Texture Coding in the Rat Whisker System by : Jason Hunter Wolfe
Download or read book Resonance and Texture Coding in the Rat Whisker System written by Jason Hunter Wolfe and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sense of touch provides information about the texture of an object with much better resolution than the other senses. Primates perceive texture by actively moving their fingertips over an object and encoding the resulting spatiotemporal patterns of activation of mechanoreceptors in the skin. Within the primate fingertip many types of mechanoreceptors are densely packed in the skin making it difficult to study the individual components of these complex patterns. Rats' ability to discriminate texture using the whiskers is comparable to humans using the fingertips and due to its discrete array of whiskers on the facial pad the rat whisker system offers considerable advantages for studying texture coding. However, to date, very little is known about how behaving rats actively use their whiskers to extract texture information and how this information is encoded in the nervous system. Currently there are two main hypotheses on how rats perform texture discrimination using their whiskers. In one hypothesis, whisker motion across a texture is underdamped, and texture properties drive whisker resonance as the whisker moves across a surface. In this model, the systematic variation in resonance frequency across whiskers enables texture to be encoded by the differential amplitude of vibration across whiskers. In a second, alternative hypothesis, resonance is diminished due to damping and texture information is encoded in the precise motion of each whisker across the surface. Both of these hypotheses are supported by experiments performed in anesthetized animals, however to resolve this debate it is critical to examine whisker dynamics in awake animals to determine 1) to what extent whisker resonance shapes sensory input during active whisker use and 2) how whisker dynamics reflect texture properties when the whiskers are under active muscular control. Chapter 2 of this dissertation examines whisker vibrations measured in behaving animals trained to whisk in air. We show that, in the absence of any sensory stimulus, high frequency whisker vibrations are presents and that these are filtered by whisker resonance. This suggests that, in the awake behaving animal, resonance can play a role in shaping sensory responses in the whiskers. Chapter 3 shows that active palpation onto textures can induce whisker resonance. However we argue that the degree to which resonance occurs is not dependent on the spatial properties of the texture and therefore it is unlikely to be critical for texture encoding arguing against the resonance hypothesis. We present an alternative model for texture encoding based on the magnitude of stick-slip events that were found to occur during texture palpation. We also examine the role that muscles may play in causing these stick-slip events. Chapter 4 concludes by presenting preliminary results of the neural response to stick-slip events. We show that the spiking probability of a subset of neurons is greatly increased following a texture-induced slip and that the spiking probability increases with slip acceleration, as would be required for the texture encoding hypothesis presented in chapter 3.
Book Synopsis Dynamical Systems in Theoretical Perspective by : Jan Awrejcewicz
Download or read book Dynamical Systems in Theoretical Perspective written by Jan Awrejcewicz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-01 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on theoretical aspects of dynamical systems in the broadest sense. It highlights novel and relevant results on mathematical and numerical problems that can be found in the fields of applied mathematics, physics, mechanics, engineering and the life sciences. The book consists of contributed research chapters addressing a diverse range of problems. The issues discussed include (among others): numerical-analytical algorithms for nonlinear optimal control problems on a large time interval; gravity waves in a reservoir with an uneven bottom; value distribution and growth of solutions for certain Painlevé equations; optimal control of hybrid systems with sliding modes; a mathematical model of the two types of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia; non-conservative instability of cantilevered nanotubes using the Cell Discretization Method; dynamic analysis of a compliant tensegrity structure for use in a gripper application; and Jeffcott rotor bifurcation behavior using various models of hydrodynamic bearings.
Book Synopsis Principles of Neural Coding by : Rodrigo Quian Quiroga
Download or read book Principles of Neural Coding written by Rodrigo Quian Quiroga and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-06 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding how populations of neurons encode information is the challenge faced by researchers in the field of neural coding. Focusing on the many mysteries and marvels of the mind has prompted a prominent team of experts in the field to put their heads together and fire up a book on the subject. Simply titled Principles of Neural Coding, this book covers the complexities of this discipline. It centers on some of the major developments in this area and presents a complete assessment of how neurons in the brain encode information. The book collaborators contribute various chapters that describe results in different systems (visual, auditory, somatosensory perception, etc.) and different species (monkeys, rats, humans, etc). Concentrating on the recording and analysis of the firing of single and multiple neurons, and the analysis and recording of other integrative measures of network activity and network states—such as local field potentials or current source densities—is the basis of the introductory chapters. Provides a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach Describes topics of interest to a wide range of researchers The book then moves forward with the description of the principles of neural coding for different functions and in different species and concludes with theoretical and modeling works describing how information processing functions are implemented. The text not only contains the most important experimental findings, but gives an overview of the main methodological aspects for studying neural coding. In addition, the book describes alternative approaches based on simulations with neural networks and in silico modeling in this highly interdisciplinary topic. It can serve as an important reference to students and professionals.
Book Synopsis Microactuators and Micromechanisms by : Lena Zentner
Download or read book Microactuators and Micromechanisms written by Lena Zentner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together investigations which combine theoretical and experimental results related to such systems as capsule micromechanisms, active micro catheters, nanotube vascular stents, mechanisms for micromilling, different compliant mechanisms including grippers and compliant systems with actuators and sensors, microrobots based on vibrations, tactile sensors, tooth brackets, compliant valves, and space reflectors. This volume contains twenty-two contributions from researchers from ten countries, represented at the 4th Conference on Microactuators and Micromechanisms, which was held in 2016 in Ilmenau, Germany. The aim of the conference was to provide a special opportunity for a know-how exchange and collaboration in various disciplines concerning systems pertaining to micro-technology. This Conference was organized under the patronage of IFToMM (International Federation for the Promotion of Mechanism and Machine Science).
Book Synopsis Physics And Biology: From Molecules To Life by : Jean-francois Allemand
Download or read book Physics And Biology: From Molecules To Life written by Jean-francois Allemand and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do you often lose your keys? You will find in this book the best strategy to find them, or at least the one deduced from statistical physics. What is the link with biology? Some proteins use the same strategy to find their target inside a living cell. This example illustrates one of the many links between physics and biology. These links result from an intense research activity in the past years at the interface between those two disciplines. This book describes some of the most recent progresses at this interface: from instrumental progresses used in biology to the mechanical description of a cell, to molecular motors, from brain activity mechanisms to auditory or sensory perception. Many fields are covered from the molecular to the scale at the organ level. A few biological notions are presented in the first chapter that may help to access the biological aspects of the others. In the end this book may interest people passionate in science, from the simple amateur to the advanced researcher level.
Book Synopsis Interdisciplinary Applications of Kinematics by : Andrés Kecskeméthy
Download or read book Interdisciplinary Applications of Kinematics written by Andrés Kecskeméthy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the proceedings of the Third Conference on Interdisciplinary Applications of Kinematics (IAK 2018) held in Lima, Peru, March 5–7, 2018. The conference brought together scientists from several research fields, such as computational kinematics, multibody systems, industrial machines, robotics, biomechanics, mechatronics, computational chemistry, and vibration analysis, and embraced all key aspects of kinematics, namely, theoretical methods, modeling, optimization, experimental validation, industrial applications, and design. Kinematics is an exciting area of computational mechanics and plays a central role in a great variety of fields and industrial applications nowadays. Apart from research in pure kinematics, the field deals with problems of practical relevance that need to be solved in an interdisciplinary manner in order for new technologies to develop. The results presented in this book should be of interest for practicing and research engineers as well as Ph.D. students from the fields of mechanical and electrical engineering, computer science, and computer graphics.
Book Synopsis Wavelets in Neuroscience by : Alexander E. Hramov
Download or read book Wavelets in Neuroscience written by Alexander E. Hramov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-16 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates how modern mathematical wavelet transform techniques offer fresh insights into the complex behavior of neural systems at different levels: from the microscopic dynamics of individual cells to the macroscopic behavior of large neural networks. It also demonstrates how and where wavelet-based mathematical tools can provide an advantage over classical approaches used in neuroscience. The authors well describe single neuron and populational neural recordings. This 2nd edition discusses novel areas and significant advances resulting from experimental techniques and computational approaches developed since 2015, and includes three new topics: • Detection of fEPSPs in multielectrode LFPs recordings. • Analysis of Visual Sensory Processing in the Brain and BCI for Human Attention Control; • Analysis and Real-time Classification of Motor-related EEG Patterns; The book is a valuable resource for neurophysiologists and physicists familiar with nonlinear dynamical systems and data processing, as well as for graduate students specializing in these and related areas.
Book Synopsis Biomechanical Texture Coding and Transmission of Texture Information in Rat Whiskers by : Maysam Oladazimi
Download or read book Biomechanical Texture Coding and Transmission of Texture Information in Rat Whiskers written by Maysam Oladazimi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bio-inspired Tactile Sensing by : Moritz Scharf
Download or read book Bio-inspired Tactile Sensing written by Moritz Scharf and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2021-01-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The transfers of natural mechanisms and structures into artificial, technical applications are successful approaches for innovation and become more important nowadays. The concept of Biomechatronics provides a structured framework to do so. Following these ideas, this work analyses a novel tactile sensor inspired by natural vibrissae. The sense of touch is an indispensable part of the sensory system of living beings. In, e.g., rats, the so-called vibrissal system, including long sensory hairs around the muzzle of the animals (vibrissae), is an essential part of tactile perception. Rats can determine the location, shape, and texture of an object by touching it with their vibrissae. Transferring these abilities to an artificial sensor design, the interaction between the hair/sensor shaft and different objects are analyzed. The sensor/hair shaft fulfills different functions in terms of a preprocessing of the captured signals. Therefore, by knowing and controlling these effects, the captured signals can be optimized in a way that particular information inside the captured signals is pronounced.
Book Synopsis Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay by : Vincenzo Crunelli
Download or read book Thalamic Function - Beyond a Simple Relay written by Vincenzo Crunelli and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is often described as a relay. Typified by sensory pathways, this concept leads to thalamic nuclei being viewed as areas that passively streams information from a single source to the cortex, without affecting the nature of that information. However, diverse intrathalamic connections, the varying synaptic and membrane properties of thalamic neurons and the large number of inputs from non-sensory sources make the idea that the thalamus is just a passive relay unlikely. Furthermore, a large number of thalamic nuclei are not primarily driven by sensory signals nor do they exclusively target the cortex, meaning the thalamus must do more than simply pass sensory signals to the cortex. Finally, there is a wealth of research demonstrating that the thalamus does indeed function in ways that are not captured by the concept of a simple relay. So why, given all of this, is the primary paradigm for describing the thalamus, a relay? This Research Topic covers original research, reviews and hypotheses on thalamic function that explore the concept that the thalamus performs computational tasks other than simply passively relaying information.
Book Synopsis Perspectives in Dynamical Systems I: Mechatronics and Life Sciences by : Jan Awrejcewicz
Download or read book Perspectives in Dynamical Systems I: Mechatronics and Life Sciences written by Jan Awrejcewicz and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is part of collection of contributions devoted to analytical and experimental techniques of dynamical systems, presented at the 15th International Conference “Dynamical Systems: Theory and Applications”, held in Łódź, Poland on December 2-5, 2019. The wide selection of material has been divided into three volumes, each focusing on a different field of applications of dynamical systems. The broadly outlined focus of both the conference and these books includes bifurcations and chaos in dynamical systems, asymptotic methods in nonlinear dynamics, dynamics in life sciences and bioengineering, original numerical methods of vibration analysis, control in dynamical systems, optimization problems in applied sciences, stability of dynamical systems, experimental and industrial studies, vibrations of lumped and continuous systems, non-smooth systems, engineering systems and differential equations, mathematical approaches to dynamical systems, and mechatronics.
Book Synopsis The Thalamus by : Michael M. Halassa
Download or read book The Thalamus written by Michael M. Halassa and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-01 with total page 1325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The thalamus is a key structure in the mammalian brain, providing a hub for communication within and across distributed forebrain networks. Research in this area has undergone a revolution in the last decade, with findings that suggest an expanded role for the thalamus in sensory processing, motor control, arousal regulation, and cognition. Moving beyond previous studies of anatomy and cell neurochemistry, scientists have expanded into investigations of cognitive function, and harness new methods and theories of neural computation. This book provides a survey of topics at the cutting edge of this field, covering basic anatomy, evolution, development, physiology and computation. It is also the first book to combine these disciplines in one place, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of thalamus research, and will be an essential resource for students and experts in biology, medicine and computer science.
Download or read book Sensory Adaptation written by Mehdi Adibi and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scholarpedia of Touch by : Tony Prescott
Download or read book Scholarpedia of Touch written by Tony Prescott and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-21 with total page 836 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scholarpedia’s Encyclopedia of Touch provides a comprehensive collection of peer-reviewed articles written by leading researchers, detailing our current scientific understanding of tactile sensing and its neural substrates in animals including humans. The encyclopedia allows ideas and insights to be shared between researchers working on different aspects of touch and in different species, including research in synthetic touch systems. In addition, this encyclopedia raises awareness of research in tactile sensing and increases scientific and public interest in the field. The articles address subjects including tactile control, whiskered robots, vibrissal coding, the molecular basis of touch, invertebrate mechanoreception, fingertip transducers and tactile sensing. All the articles in this encyclopedia provide in-depth and state-of-the-art scholarly treatment of the academic topics concerned, making it an excellent reference work for academics, professionals and students.
Book Synopsis Neural Coding of Tactile Stimuli in the Rat Whisker System by : Michael Ross Bale
Download or read book Neural Coding of Tactile Stimuli in the Rat Whisker System written by Michael Ross Bale and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Active Touch Sensing by : Robyn Grant
Download or read book Active Touch Sensing written by Robyn Grant and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Active touch can be described as the control of the position and movement of tactile sensing systems to facilitate information gain. In other words, it is finding out about the world by reaching out and exploring—sensing by ‘touching’ as opposed to ‘being touched’. In this Research Topic (with cross-posting in both Behavioural Neuroscience and Neurorobotics) we welcomed articles from junior researchers on any aspect of active touch. We were especially interested in articles on the behavioral, physiological and neuronal underpinnings of active touch in a range of species (including humans) for submission to Frontiers in Behavioural Neuroscience. We also welcomed articles describing robotic systems with biomimetic or bio-inspired tactile sensing systems for publication in Frontiers in Neurorobotics.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 980 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
