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Research Fraud In The Behavioral And Biomedical Sciences
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Book Synopsis Research Fraud in the Behavioral and Biomedical Sciences by : David J. Miller
Download or read book Research Fraud in the Behavioral and Biomedical Sciences written by David J. Miller and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1992-03-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Deals with the issues of fraud in research, a subject which has appeared in the newspapers with increasing frequency of late. Includes moral and ethical aspects and legal ramifications as well as the institutional and career pressures to perform.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309391253 Total Pages :327 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (93 download)
Book Synopsis Fostering Integrity in Research by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Fostering Integrity in Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-01-13 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The integrity of knowledge that emerges from research is based on individual and collective adherence to core values of objectivity, honesty, openness, fairness, accountability, and stewardship. Integrity in science means that the organizations in which research is conducted encourage those involved to exemplify these values in every step of the research process. Understanding the dynamics that support â€" or distort â€" practices that uphold the integrity of research by all participants ensures that the research enterprise advances knowledge. The 1992 report Responsible Science: Ensuring the Integrity of the Research Process evaluated issues related to scientific responsibility and the conduct of research. It provided a valuable service in describing and analyzing a very complicated set of issues, and has served as a crucial basis for thinking about research integrity for more than two decades. However, as experience has accumulated with various forms of research misconduct, detrimental research practices, and other forms of misconduct, as subsequent empirical research has revealed more about the nature of scientific misconduct, and because technological and social changes have altered the environment in which science is conducted, it is clear that the framework established more than two decades ago needs to be updated. Responsible Science served as a valuable benchmark to set the context for this most recent analysis and to help guide the committee's thought process. Fostering Integrity in Research identifies best practices in research and recommends practical options for discouraging and addressing research misconduct and detrimental research practices.
Book Synopsis The Economics of Scientific Misconduct by : James R. Wible
Download or read book The Economics of Scientific Misconduct written by James R. Wible and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-18 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics of Scientific Misconduct explores episodes of misconduct in the natural and biomedical sciences and replication failure in economics and psychology over the past half-century. Here scientific misconduct is considered from the perspective of a single discipline such as economics likely for the first time in intellectual history. Research misconduct has become an important concern across many natural, medical, and social sciences, including economics, over the past half-century. Initially, a mainstream economic approach to science and scientific misconduct draws from conventional microeconomics and the theories of Becker, Ehrlich, and C. S. Peirce’s "economy of research." Then the works of Peirce and Thorstein Veblen from the 19th century point toward contemporary debates over statistical inference in econometrics and the failure of recent macroeconomic models. In more contemporary economics, clashes regarding discrimination and harassment have led to a Code of Professional Conduct from the American Economic Association and a Code of Ethics from one of its members. The last chapter considers research ethics matters related to the COVID-19 pandemic. There has been an explosion of research and some retractions. More generally, a concern with research ethics contributes to scientific progress by making some of its most difficult problems more transparent and understandable and thus possibly more surmountable. This book offers valuable insights for students and scholars of research ethics across the sciences, philosophy of science and social science, and economic theory.
Author :Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research Publisher :National Academies ISBN 13 : Total Pages :228 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (23 download)
Book Synopsis Responsible Science by : Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research
Download or read book Responsible Science written by Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy (U.S.). Panel on Scientific Responsibility and the Conduct of Research and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1992 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Responsible Science is a comprehensive review of factors that influence the integrity of the research process. Volume I examines reports on the incidence of misconduct in science and reviews institutional and governmental efforts to handle cases of misconduct. The result of a two-year study by a panel of experts convened by the National Academy of Sciences, this book critically analyzes the impact of today's research environment on the traditional checks and balances that foster integrity in science. Responsible Science is a provocative examination of the role of educational efforts; research guidelines; and the contributions of individual scientists, mentors, and institutional officials in encouraging responsible research practices.
Book Synopsis Graduate Research by : Robert V. Smith
Download or read book Graduate Research written by Robert V. Smith and published by University of Washington Press. This book was released on 2012-03-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concise, encouraging, and filled with practical information, this book is a step-by-step guide for students in the life, natural, physical, and social-behavioral sciences. This third edition has been updated with information about new federal regulations governing research and acknowledges the importance of the internet and World Wide Web to today�s scientific community. It will be an invaluable resource not only for graduate students but also for undergraduates and high school students planning for the future.
Book Synopsis Intelligence, Race, And Genetics by : Frank Miele
Download or read book Intelligence, Race, And Genetics written by Frank Miele and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a series of provocative conversations with Skeptic magazine Ssenior editor Frank Miele, renowned University of California-Berkeley psychologist Arthur R. Jensen details the evolution of his thoughts on the nature of intelligence, tracing an intellectual odyssey that leads from the programs of the Great Society to the Bell Curve Wars and beyond. Miele cross-examines Jensen's views on general intelligence (the g factor), racial differences in IQ, cultural bias in IQ tests, and whether differences in IQ are due primarily to heredity or to remediable factors such as poverty and discrimination. With characteristic frankness, Jensen also presents his view of the proper role of scientific facts in establishing public policy, such as Affirmative Action. 'Jensenism' the assertion that heredity plays an undeniably greater role than environmental factors in racial (and other) IQ differences, has entered the dictionary and also made Jensen a bitterly controversial figure. Nevertheless, Intelligence, Race, and Genetics carefully underscores the dedicated lifetime of scrupulously scientific research that supports Jensen's conclusions.
Book Synopsis Skewed Studies by : Sally Kuykendall
Download or read book Skewed Studies written by Sally Kuykendall and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-03-19 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In these uncertain times, how much can you trust health news? Is the research behind breaking headlines reliable? This book is an indispensable resource for students and general readers, helping them evaluate and think critically about health information. "People Who Drink Coffee Live Longer." "Students Learn Better When Listening to Classical Music." "Scientists Discover the Gene That Causes Obesity." We are constantly bombarded with reports of "groundbreaking" health findings that use attention-grabbing headlines and seem to be backed by credible science. Yet many of these studies and the news articles that discuss them fall prey to a variety of problems that can produce misleading and inaccurate results. Some of these may be easy to notice—like a research study on the benefits of red meat funded by the beef industry, or a study with a sample size of only 10 people—but others are much harder to spot. Skewed Studies: Exploring the Limits and Flaws of Health and Psychology Research examines the most pervasive problems plaguing health research and reporting today, using clear, accessible language and employing real-world examples to illustrate key concepts. Beyond simply outlining issues, it provides readers with the knowledge and skills to evaluate research studies and news reports for themselves, improving their health literacy and critical thinking skills.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309486165 Total Pages :257 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
Book Synopsis Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research by : Michael B. Paulsen
Download or read book Higher Education: Handbook of Theory and Research written by Michael B. Paulsen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published annually since 1985, the Handbook series provides a compendium of thorough and integrative literature reviews on a diverse array of topics of interest to the higher education scholarly and policy communities. Each chapter provides a comprehensive review of research findings on a selected topic, critiques the research literature in terms of its conceptual and methodological rigor and sets forth an agenda for future research intended to advance knowledge on the chosen topic. The Handbook focuses on a comprehensive set of central areas of study in higher education that encompasses the salient dimensions of scholarly and policy inquiries undertaken in the international higher education community. Each annual volume contains chapters on such diverse topics as research on college students and faculty, organization and administration, curriculum and instruction, policy, diversity issues, economics and finance, history and philosophy, community colleges, advances in research methodology and more. The series is fortunate to have attracted annual contributions from distinguished scholars throughout the world.
Book Synopsis The Positive Side of Special Education by : Kenneth A. Kavale
Download or read book The Positive Side of Special Education written by Kenneth A. Kavale and published by R&L Education. This book was released on 2004 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a description of special education practices that have had significant impact but lacked scientific validation.
Book Synopsis Eugene Braunwald and the Rise of Modern Medicine by : Thomas H. Lee
Download or read book Eugene Braunwald and the Rise of Modern Medicine written by Thomas H. Lee and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-09 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1950s, the death rate from heart attacks has plunged from 35 percent to about 5 percent—and fatalistic attitudes toward this disease and many others have faded into history. Much of the improved survival and change in attitudes can be traced to the work of Eugene Braunwald, MD. In the 1960s, he proved that myocardial infarction was not a “bolt from the blue” but a dynamic process that plays out over hours and thus could be altered by treatment. By redirecting cardiology from passive, risk-averse observation to active intervention, he helped transform not just his own field but the culture of American medicine. Braunwald’s personal story demonstrates how the forces of history affected the generation of researchers responsible for so many medical advances in the second half of the twentieth century. In 1938 Nazi occupiers forced his family to flee Vienna for Brooklyn. Because of Jewish quotas in medical schools, he was the last person admitted to his class, but went on to graduate number one. When the Doctor Draft threatened to interrupt his medical training during the Korean War, he joined the National Institutes of Health instead of the Navy, and there he began the research that made him the most influential cardiologist of his time. In Eugene Braunwald and the Rise of Modern Medicine, Thomas H. Lee offers insights that only authoritative firsthand interviews can provide, to bring us closer to this iconic figure in modern medicine.
Book Synopsis Ahead of the Curve by : Shane Crotty
Download or read book Ahead of the Curve written by Shane Crotty and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Fact Sheet A portrait of the life & science of one of the twentieth century's most important scientists.
Book Synopsis National Intelligence and Science by : Wilhelm Agrell
Download or read book National Intelligence and Science written by Wilhelm Agrell and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligence is currently facing increasingly challenging cross-pressures from both a need for accurate and timely assessments of potential or imminent security threats and the unpredictability of many of these emerging threats. The essence of intelligence is no longer the collection, analysis, and dissemination of secret information, but has become instead the management of uncertainty in areas critical for overriding security goals.
Book Synopsis At The Fringes Of Science by : Michael W Friedlander
Download or read book At The Fringes Of Science written by Michael W Friedlander and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-05 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific discoveries are constantly in the news. Almost daily we hear about new and important breakthroughs. But sometimes it turns out that what was trumpeted as scientific truth is later discredited, or controversy may long swirl about some dramatic claim. What is a nonscientist to believe? Many books debunk pseudoscience, and some others present only the scientific consensus on any given issue. In At the Fringes of Science Michael Friedlander offers a careful look at the shadowlands of science. What makes Friedlander's book especially useful is that he reviews conventional scientific method and shows how scientists examine the hard cases to determine what is science and what is pseudoscience. Emphasizing that there is no clear line of demarcation between science and nonscience, Friedlander leads the reader through case after entertaining case, covering the favorites of "tabloid science" such as astrology and UFOs, scientific controversies such as cold fusion, and those maverick ideas that were at first rejected by science only to be embraced later. There are many good stories here, but there is also much learning and wisdom. Students of science and interested lay readers will come away from this book with an increased understanding of what science is, how it works, and how the nonscientist should deal with science at its fringes.
Book Synopsis Current Catalog by : National Library of Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book Current Catalog written by National Library of Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First multi-year cumulation covers six years: 1965-70.
Book Synopsis New Frontiers of Cancer Causation by : Iversen
Download or read book New Frontiers of Cancer Causation written by Iversen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-08-01 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Theories of Carcinogenesis, held in Oslo, Norway, August 1992. The papers, which discuss principles and theories rather than experimental setups and results, cover a wide range of topics, including cell proliferation, metastasis, oncogenes, carcinogens, genetic alterations, viruses, immunology, and radiation. Also detailed are public attitudes toward cancer, as well as attitudes of professionals in cancer research. The volume concludes with some brief considerations from speakers and participants. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Sex Is Not A Natural Act & Other Essays by : Leonore Tiefer
Download or read book Sex Is Not A Natural Act & Other Essays written by Leonore Tiefer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-09 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revisits and updates the centrality of the social construction of sexuality, especially in the age of Viagra, FSD (female sexual dysfunction) and the media saturation of sex. Leonore Tiefer is one of the foremost sexologists working in the United States today; she is a well-known and respected scholar who writes engagingly and humorously about a wide array of topics in sexuality to appeal to both students and general readers. Revised and updated with new pieces on the medicalization of sex, FSD (female sexual dysfunction) and the politics of sex, as well as classic pieces found in the original edition, such as "Am I Normal?: The Question of Sex."
