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Relativity From Galileo To Einstein
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Book Synopsis Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein by : Olivier Darrigol
Download or read book Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein written by Olivier Darrigol and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-22 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motion is always relative to some thing. Is this thing a concrete body like the earth, is it an abstract space, or is it an imagined frame? Do the laws of physics depend on the choice of reference? It there a choice for which the laws are simplest? Is this choice unique? Is there a physical cause for the choice made? These questions traverse the history of modern physics from Galileo to Einstein. The answers involved Galilean relativity, Newton's absolute space, the purely relational concepts of Descartes, Leibniz, and Mach, and many forgotten uses of relativity principles in mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics - until the relativity theories of Poincaré, Einstein, Minkowksi, and Laue radically redefined space and time to satisfy universal kinds of relativity. Accordingly, this book retraces the emergence of relativity principles in early modern mechanics, documents their constructive use in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics, and gives a well-rooted account of the genesis of special and general relativity in the early twentieth century. As an exercise in long-term history, it demonstrates the connectivity of issues and approaches across several centuries, despite enormous changes in context and culture. As an account of the genesis of relativity theories, it brings unprecedented clarity and fullness by broadening the spectrum of resources on which the principal actors drew.
Book Synopsis Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein by : Olivier Darrigol
Download or read book Relativity Principles and Theories from Galileo to Einstein written by Olivier Darrigol and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motion is always relative to some thing. Is this thing a concrete body like the earth, is it an abstract space, or is it an imagined frame? Do the laws of physics depend on the choice of reference? It there a choice for which the laws are simplest? Is this choice unique? Is there a physical cause for the choice made?These questions traverse the history of modern physics from Galileo to Einstein. The answers involved Galilean relativity, Newton's absolute space, the purely relational concepts of Descartes, Leibniz, and Mach, and many forgotten uses of relativity principles in mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics - until the relativity theories of Poincaré, Einstein, Minkowksi, and Laue radically redefined space and time to satisfy universal kinds of relativity.Accordingly, this book retraces the emergence of relativity principles in early modern mechanics, documents their constructive use in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century mechanics, optics, and electrodynamics, and gives a well-rooted account of the genesis of special and general relativity in the early twentieth century. As an exercise in long-term history, it demonstrates the connectivity of issues and approaches across several centuries, despite enormous changes in context and culture. As anaccount of the genesis of relativity theories, it brings unprecedented clarity and fullness by broadening the spectrum of resources on which the principal actors drew.
Book Synopsis The Great Physicists from Galileo to Einstein by : George Gamow
Download or read book The Great Physicists from Galileo to Einstein written by George Gamow and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1988-10-01 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outstanding text by one of the 20th century's foremost physicists dramatically explains how the central laws of physical science evolved, from Pythagoras' discovery of frequency ratios in the 6th century BC to today's research on elementary particles. Includes fascinating biographical data about Galileo, Newton, Huygens, Einstein and others. 136 illustrations.
Book Synopsis Relativity from Galileo to Einstein by : Bruno Finzi
Download or read book Relativity from Galileo to Einstein written by Bruno Finzi and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Galilei and einstein by : Santo Armenia
Download or read book Galilei and einstein written by Santo Armenia and published by Tektime. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We had studied Einstein’s Theory of General relativity starting from elementary phenomena, together with the Galileo's principle on free fall of bodies that represent his precondition. We underlined the discrepancy of Galileo's principle, as the mass of the test body is not being subtract from the mass of the earth, and because the reciprocal attraction between the bodies has not been evaluated. Furthermore, we highlight that the free fall takes place along radial vertical lines that are not parallel. Finally, we verify the consequence of the shape of solid bodies for Galileo's principle and Einstein's theory, Archimedes' principle and the weighing (mass) of the bodies. Starting from elementary phenomena we study Einstein's theory of general relativity, together with Galileo's principle on free fall of bodies that represent his precondition. Galileo's principle estimates that all objects fall at a constant acceleration due to gravity regardless of their mass. On the contrary, we establish the non-effectiveness of that Galileo's principle as the mass of the test body is not being subtract from the mass of the earth (incorrectly thought to be constant) and moreover for not having been evaluated the reciprocal attraction of the bodies (superposition of effects). Likewise, we highlight that the free fall takes place along radial vertical lines that are not parallel. We study the shape of solid bodies, for which bodies that have the same mass but different shape (except from sphere, equilateral cylinder and cube) when varying their position on the reference plane they have different weight: a body a mass, a body infinite weight. Therefore, we verify the consequence of the shape of solid bodies according to the Galileo's principle (that is not effective) and for the confutation of Einstein's theory, Archimedes' principle and the weighing (mass) of the bodies. Translator: Termini Salvatore PUBLISHER: TEKTIME
Book Synopsis The Elusive Notion of Motion by : Alan A. Kubitz
Download or read book The Elusive Notion of Motion written by Alan A. Kubitz and published by Dog Ear Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever been confused by basic physics and intimidated by the mere thought of Einstein's relativity theories? If so, yet curiosity still beckons, this book is for you The reward? The colorful history of the elusive notion of motion and unique insights into the fundamental physics behind it all - including relativity. The physics of motion is so fundamental to science and the technological age in which we live that four of the most illustrious names in the annals of science owe their towering reputations, in large part, to their milestone work on the physics of motion. This book relates the stories of Johannes Kepler, Galileo Galilei, Isaac Newton, and Albert Einstein as they each stalked the elusive notion of motion. Following in their footsteps, both the layperson with no formal background in mathematics or physics and the practicing engineer/scientist will better understand those physical principles which eluded the best minds for centuries. As Aristotle observed over two thousand years ago, in order to know the natural world, one must first understand motion. Alan Kubitz lives in the heart of California's silicon valley where he spent many years as an electrical engineer designing computer peripheral devices. Throughout his engineering career and subsequent retirement, he has been deeply interested in the history of science, with an emphasis on the fifteenth through the nineteenth centuries. His particular interest is the physics of motion and the pioneering scientists (natural philosophers) such as Galileo and Newton who bequeathed to us the intellectual crown jewels which comprise the foundation of modern physics. Mr. Kubitz has accumulated a substantial reference library on these subjects and enjoys writing about them. Other interests include music, book collecting and, with his wife, their four grandchildren. He holds a Bachelor of Science degree in electrical engineering from Stanford University and a Master of Science degree in electrical engineering from the University of California, Santa Barbara.
Download or read book Galileo Unbound written by David D. Nolte and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galileo Unbound traces the journey that brought us from Galileo's law of free fall to today's geneticists measuring evolutionary drift, entangled quantum particles moving among many worlds, and our lives as trajectories traversing a health space with thousands of dimensions. Remarkably, common themes persist that predict the evolution of species as readily as the orbits of planets or the collapse of stars into black holes. This book tells the history of spaces of expanding dimension and increasing abstraction and how they continue today to give new insight into the physics of complex systems. Galileo published the first modern law of motion, the Law of Fall, that was ideal and simple, laying the foundation upon which Newton built the first theory of dynamics. Early in the twentieth century, geometry became the cause of motion rather than the result when Einstein envisioned the fabric of space-time warped by mass and energy, forcing light rays to bend past the Sun. Possibly more radical was Feynman's dilemma of quantum particles taking all paths at once — setting the stage for the modern fields of quantum field theory and quantum computing. Yet as concepts of motion have evolved, one thing has remained constant, the need to track ever more complex changes and to capture their essence, to find patterns in the chaos as we try to predict and control our world.
Book Synopsis Gravity - Galileo to Einstein and Back by : Harry Ronald Harrison
Download or read book Gravity - Galileo to Einstein and Back written by Harry Ronald Harrison and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravity - Galileo to Einstein and Back starts with a revision of the fundamentals of the theory of dynamics and gravitation. The primary object is to present a relativistic theory of gravitation, which is an extension of the Special Theory of Relativity. The new approach to gravitomagnetics reproduces results which are identical, for the precession of the perihelion of Mercury and for the deflection of light grazing the Sun, to those given by the general theory of relativity. Both of these were hailed as justifications of the general theory. When the new theory is applied to the precession of a gyroscope in space, there is a small difference from the value quoted to that given for the NASA/Stanford Gravity Probe B experiment, which has just been completed. The results are due in Spring 2007. In order to explain the new approach, it is necessary to re-examine Newtonian dynamics and special relativity. Certain aspects are better seen if force is treated as a defined quantity rather than a primary one. This idea is not new; it was the view of d'Alembert and especially H. R. Hertz. One result is that the principle of equivalence, in its weak form, does not arise, yet this is stated to be one of the foundations of general relativity. Curved space time may be regarded as just another invention to replace the invention of force. Neither are needed but are very useful concepts, as is money to commerce. Newtonian gravity gives rise to a relative acceleration which is related to the relative position between two bodies, in the new gravitomagnetic theory relative acceleration depends also on relative velocity. This removes the need for an inertial frame of reference however the frames must be non-rotating. This is defined by postulating that light, in the absence of matter, travels in straight lines as well as at a constant speed. What follows is reasonably simple mathematics; certainly simpler than that of curved space time.
Book Synopsis How Einstein Created Relativity out of Physics and Astronomy by : David Topper
Download or read book How Einstein Created Relativity out of Physics and Astronomy written by David Topper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book tracks the history of the theory of relativity through Einstein’s life, with in-depth studies of its background as built upon by ideas from earlier scientists. The focus points of Einstein’s theory of relativity include its development throughout his life; the origins of his ideas and his indebtedness to the earlier works of Galileo, Newton, Faraday, Mach and others; the application of the theory to the birth of modern cosmology; and his quest for a unified field theory. Treading a fine line between the popular and technical (but not shying away from the occasional equation), this book explains the entire range of relativity and weaves an up-to-date biography of Einstein throughout. The result is an explanation of the world of relativity, based on an extensive journey into earlier physics and a simultaneous voyage into the mind of Einstein, written for the curious and intelligent reader.
Book Synopsis From Newton's Laws to Einstein's Theory of Relativity by : Lizhi Fang
Download or read book From Newton's Laws to Einstein's Theory of Relativity written by Lizhi Fang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1987 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to introduce to the reader the main thread of development from Newton's laws to Einstein's theory of relativity. Limited by its scope and avoiding as much as possible the use of mathematical apparatus, the authors try to clarify the most fundamental ideas and concepts. Both authors hold a deep reverence for Galileo and Einstein, and this book is dedicated to these two great scientists.
Book Synopsis What's So Special about Special Relativity? by : David McComb
Download or read book What's So Special about Special Relativity? written by David McComb and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the story of two men: Galileo Galilei and Albert Einstein. Galileo saw what must be true and expressed it as a rule. Einstein saw that there had to be an exception to Galileo's rule, and had the courage to say so. Galileo's rule is what we now call Relativity, while Einstein's modification is what we now know as Special Relativity. This book explains the consequences of Special Relativity, including time dilation, the `twins paradox' and the mass energy equivalence that accounts for the forces which bind nuclei together. It then goes on to introduce General Relativity, leading on to Einstein's theory of gravity and the concept of `black holes.
Book Synopsis Einstein's Space-Time by : Rafael Ferraro
Download or read book Einstein's Space-Time written by Rafael Ferraro and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-23 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This excellent textbook offers a unique take on relativity theory, setting it in its historical context. Ideal for those interested in relativity and the history of physics, the book contains a complete account of special relativity that begins with the historical analysis of the reasons that led to a change in our view of space and time. Its aim is to foster a deep understanding of relativistic spacetime and its consequences for Dynamics.
Download or read book Relativity written by Albert Einstein and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2005 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nobel Prize-winning physicist presents his views on the special and general theory of relativity and the universe as a whole, in an accessible introduction to his seminal theories, written for the non-scientist.
Book Synopsis Relativity In Our Time by : Mendel Sachs
Download or read book Relativity In Our Time written by Mendel Sachs and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Relativity In our Time" is a book concerning the relevance of Einstein's theory to human relations in contemporary times. lt is physics and it is philosophy. lt is a discussion about one of the greatest of all pillars of 20th century thought and science. Based on a seminar course for a mixture of science and humanities students, the approach and narrative style leads the reader towards the frontier of thinking in this farreaching subject. Sachs deals with the whole spread of relativity, starting from the early history of Galileo and Faraday, he arrives at the foundation of the special theory. There is a logical transition to the general theory while the last part of the book covers the mind-testing realms of unified field theory, Mach's principle and cosmology. The book begins with atomistic, deterministic, classical physics and goes on towards a view of continuous fields of matter and a clearer view of spacetime. The reader is led into Einstein's extension of this theory towards a unified force field; consequently the authors address the issue of the validity of linear mathematics compared with the realism of a non- linear universe.; Such arguments today are leading towards a new paradigm in science - a study and description of nonlinear natural systems especially far from equilibrium systems; their energetics and dynamics. This book should be of value to postgraduates, undergraduates, secondary students and professionals in physics and philosophy and anyone with an interest in science subjects.
Book Synopsis Easy Lessons in Einstein by : Edwin Emery Slosson
Download or read book Easy Lessons in Einstein written by Edwin Emery Slosson and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Road to Relativity by : Hanoch Gutfreund
Download or read book The Road to Relativity written by Hanoch Gutfreund and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An annotated facsimile edition of Einstein's handwritten manuscript on the foundations of general relativity This richly annotated facsimile edition of "The Foundation of General Relativity" introduces a new generation of readers to Albert Einstein's theory of gravitation. Written in 1915, this remarkable document is a watershed in the history of physics and an enduring testament to the elegance and precision of Einstein's thought. Presented here is a beautiful facsimile of Einstein's original handwritten manuscript, along with its English translation and an insightful page-by-page commentary that places the work in historical and scientific context. Hanoch Gutfreund and Jürgen Renn's concise introduction traces Einstein's intellectual odyssey from special to general relativity, and their essay "The Charm of a Manuscript" provides a delightful meditation on the varied afterlife of Einstein's text. Featuring a foreword by John Stachel, this handsome edition also includes a biographical glossary of the figures discussed in the book, a comprehensive bibliography, suggestions for further reading, and numerous photos and illustrations throughout.
Book Synopsis Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems by : Galileo
Download or read book Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems written by Galileo and published by Modern Library. This book was released on 2001-10-02 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galileo’s Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems, published in Florence in 1632, was the most proximate cause of his being brought to trial before the Inquisition. Using the dialogue form, a genre common in classical philosophical works, Galileo masterfully demonstrates the truth of the Copernican system over the Ptolemaic one, proving, for the first time, that the earth revolves around the sun. Its influence is incalculable. The Dialogue is not only one of the most important scientific treatises ever written, but a work of supreme clarity and accessibility, remaining as readable now as when it was first published. This edition uses the definitive text established by the University of California Press, in Stillman Drake’s translation, and includes a Foreword by Albert Einstein and a new Introduction by J. L. Heilbron.
