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Relationship Between Total Body Mass Fat Free Mass Fat Mass And Bone Mineral Density Of The Hip In Middle Age Women
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Book Synopsis Relationship Between Total Body Mass, Fat-free Mass, Fat Mass, and Bone Mineral Density of the Hip in Middle-age Women by : Elizabeth R. Fosson
Download or read book Relationship Between Total Body Mass, Fat-free Mass, Fat Mass, and Bone Mineral Density of the Hip in Middle-age Women written by Elizabeth R. Fosson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between hip bone mineral density (BMD), fat-free mass (FFM), fat mass (FM), and total body mass (TBM) and the extent to which these relationships were modified by various confounding factors. The cross-sectional analysis included 262 healthy females (mean age 41.6±3.0 years). Methods: BMD of the hip and body composition were assessed by the Hologic 4500W dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) system. Total and intensity of physical activity (PA) were objectively measured using an Actigraph accelerometer. Dietary calcium and vitamin D from food and beverages, as well as from supplements, were measured separately using the Block food frequency questionnaire. Menopause status and prescription bone drug use were measured by a questionnaire. Results: The relationship between FFm and hip BMD was strong and robust (F=24.5, P
Book Synopsis Relationship of Physical Activity, Body Weight and Composition, and Muscular Strength to Bone Mineral Density in Young Women by : Kara Lee Madsen
Download or read book Relationship of Physical Activity, Body Weight and Composition, and Muscular Strength to Bone Mineral Density in Young Women written by Kara Lee Madsen and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Body Composition and Physical Performance by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Body Composition and Physical Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book surveys the entire field of body composition as it relates to performance. It includes a clear definition of terminology and a discussion of the various methods for measuring body composition. The authored papers represent a state-of-the-art review of this controversial field and address questions such as: What is a better measure of body compositionâ€"body fat or lean body mass? Does being overweight for one's height really affect performance? The book also addresses the issue of physical appearance as it relates to body fatness and performance. It includes an in-depth discussion of many of the topics of interest to those involved in sports medicine and exercise physiology.
Book Synopsis Effect of Bone Density on Body Composition Estimates Via Hydrostatic Weighing in Young Adult Black and White Females by : Mary Kristin Deck-Cote
Download or read book Effect of Bone Density on Body Composition Estimates Via Hydrostatic Weighing in Young Adult Black and White Females written by Mary Kristin Deck-Cote and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Relationship Between Functional Performance and Bone Mineral Density of Various Skeletal Sites in Overweight Postmenopausal Women by : Kristen Humphrey
Download or read book Relationship Between Functional Performance and Bone Mineral Density of Various Skeletal Sites in Overweight Postmenopausal Women written by Kristen Humphrey and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functionality is a measurement of the ability of an individual to perform simulated daily tasks providing insight into the physical fitness of older adults. The overall purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between body composition, including bone mineral density (BMD) and weight/body mass index (BMI) with functionality performance in 37 overweight (BMI of 31.3"4.8 kg/m2) postmenopausal Caucasian women, aged 54.7"3.8 y. Participants completed functionality tests including: 8 meter normal and brisk walks, 8 foot get up-and-go, handgrip strength assessment, one leg stance, and the chair-stand test. Dual X-ray absorptiometry technique with a Lunar iDXA instrument (GE Medical Systems, Madison, WI) was used to measure BMD of the total body, lumbar spine, dual femur (neck, Ward's triangle, trochanter, shaft, and total) and forearm (ulna and radius at ultradistal and 1/3 distance). BMI was less closely correlated with various functionality measures than age but was most correlated with ability to balance on one leg (r=-.465, P=.004) and normal step length (r=.354, P=.032). In multiple regression models containing age, and BMI, brisk walk speed was significantly associated with BMD of all femoral sites (except the trochanter), and total body (adjusted R2 range, 16%-25%; P
Book Synopsis The Effect of Fat Free Mass Density on Determining Body Composition Via Underwater Weighing in Female Bodybuilders by : Sarah Anne Mungas
Download or read book The Effect of Fat Free Mass Density on Determining Body Composition Via Underwater Weighing in Female Bodybuilders written by Sarah Anne Mungas and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bone Health and Osteoporosis by : United States Public Health Service
Download or read book Bone Health and Osteoporosis written by United States Public Health Service and published by . This book was released on 2004-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis illustrates the large burden that bone disease places on our Nation and its citizens. Like other chronic diseases that disproportionately affect the elderly, the prevalence of bone disease and fractures is projected to increase markedly as the population ages. If these predictions come true, bone disease and fractures will have a tremendous negative impact on the future well-being of Americans. But as this report makes clear, they need not come true: by working together we can change the picture of aging in America. Osteoporosis, fractures, and other chronic diseases no longer should be thought of as an inevitable part of growing old. By focusing on prevention and lifestyle changes, including physical activity and nutrition, as well as early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, Americans can avoid much of the damaging impact of bone disease and other chronic diseases. This Surgeon General's Report brings together for the first time the scientific evidence related to the prevention, assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of bone disease. More importantly, it provides a framework for moving forward. The report will be another effective tool in educating Americans about how they can promote bone health throughout their lives. This first-ever Surgeon General's Report on bone health and osteoporosis provides much needed information on bone health, an often overlooked aspect of physical health. This report follows in the tradition of previous Surgeon Generals' reports by identifying the relevant scientific data, rigorously evaluating and summarizing the evidence, and determining conclusions.
Book Synopsis The Relationship of Menstrual Cycle Length Status on Bone Mineral Density in Women from Tecumseh, Michigan by : James Phillip Symons
Download or read book The Relationship of Menstrual Cycle Length Status on Bone Mineral Density in Women from Tecumseh, Michigan written by James Phillip Symons and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Association Between Weight Cycling and Low Bone Density Among Women in NHANES 3 by : Keri Jayne Ro
Download or read book The Association Between Weight Cycling and Low Bone Density Among Women in NHANES 3 written by Keri Jayne Ro and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study used data from the Third National Health and Exam Survey in order to examine the association between weight cycling and low bone density. A household interview and a physical examination were conducted for each survey participant. Physical examinations were conducted in specially equipped mobile examination centers (MEC); examinations were conducted in specially equipped mobile examination centers (MEC); were taken using the DXA by trained technicians. After combining the data from the exam, lab, and adult household interview surveys there were 31,808 observations available for this study. Acceptable bone mineral density (BMD) scans were performed on 14,646 men and women aged 20 and older. Only non-Hispanic white females aged 40-69 years of age were included in the current study. This left a sample size of 1348 women. From the home interview information on health practices, alcohol, tobacco, drug use, and physical activity was obtained from study participants. A family questionnaire asked questions about race and ethnicity, family income, and other demographic characteristics of the household. As part of the exam component women were asked several questions which were used to determine menopausal status. Univariate analyses and multivariate analyses were used to examine the independent and adjusted associations between risk factors and the outcome. Significant independent associations with bone mineral density (BMD) were found with weight cycling, age category, menopause, body mass index (BMI), maternal family history of hip fracture or osteoporosis, and smoking. Prior fracture, exercise, and alcohol use were not statistically significant. Weight cycling, BMI, and exercise had unadjusted T-score means positively associated with BMD; age, menopause status, maternal family history of hip fracture or osteoporosis, prior fracture, smoking, and alcohol use had unadjusted T-score means negatively associated with BMD. Because all covariates were well known risk factors for low bone density they were left in the final model. In the multivariate analysis of covariance model, weight cycling was statistically significant (p-value .0057) and had adjusted T-score means which were positively associated with BMD. Age category (p-value
Book Synopsis Human Body Composition by : Steven Heymsfield
Download or read book Human Body Composition written by Steven Heymsfield and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2005 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2nd edition of Human Body Composition includes updated information and new chapters. The editors and 35 contributors are well respected researchers in the field of body composition science. This is one of few texts that provides comprehensive coverage of body composition research. The primary intent is to present current information on research methods. This book can serve as a textbook for those who are students or new researchers. Descriptions of various methods and background information are imparted in great detail with numerous references. New chapters address energy expenditure, animal body composition, molecular genetics and body composition as it relates to disease states of cancer, HIV, obesity and certain inflammatory diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, congestive heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. This book is recommended for students and new researchers in the field of body composition research who need to learn various methods, histories and practical applications--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Body Composition written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a conference, the goal of which was to bring together today's authorities in the field of body composition to examine its functional implications and the changes that occur in these parameters with age. Topics discussed include changes in body composition with age; methodology of body composition studies; body composition and health outcomes; body composition and changes in aging and chronic illnesses; immunity and body composition; the effect of exercise and diet on body composition; and endocrine regulation of body composition.
Book Synopsis The Relationship of Fat Mass to Lower Body Muscular Fitness Using Isokinetic Measures in Young and Middle-age Women by : Robin DeWeese
Download or read book The Relationship of Fat Mass to Lower Body Muscular Fitness Using Isokinetic Measures in Young and Middle-age Women written by Robin DeWeese and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Larger people generally have more muscle mass and are stronger than smaller people. Muscular strength usually decreases with age, possibly as a function of increases in body fat percentage. However, the effect of age, body fat, and lean mass on peak muscular strength or muscular fatigue is not clear. This was an observational study to determine: a) the relationship of fat mass (FM) and fat free mass (FFM) to peak knee extensor strength and fatigue in young (Y) and middle-aged (MA) women, and b) to determine differences in peak torque between Y and MA women. Participants included 132 women from two age cohorts (Y: 18-33 yrs, n = 70 and MA: 45-65 yrs, n = 62). Data from the MA cohort were collected as part of a previous study and combined with data from the Y group. Both cohorts completed physical activity questionnaires and were measured for body fat using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Both cohorts used identical procedures and machinery to assess isokinetic knee extensor peak torque (PT) at 60°/sec and to determine fatigue index (FI). FI was calculated as the percent decline of PT during 50 maximal repetitions at 240°/sec. Data were assessed for normality, and appropriate Pearson or Spearman correlations were used to compare PT and FI with body composition variables. A one-way ANOVA was used to examine differences in PT and body composition indices between age groups. In Y, FFM and FM were strongly correlated with peak torque. The correlation of FM to PT disappeared when controlling for FFM. There were no significant correlations between FFM or FM and PT in MA. PT was negatively correlated with FI in the combined groups. PT normalized for body mass and FFM were similar between age groups, but decreased with increasing size. In conclusion, PT was positively related to FFM in the combined age groups. Higher FM was not detrimental to absolute PT in Y or MA, but was detrimental to relative PT in both groups. These data suggest that perhaps FM may attenuate the normal relationship between PT and body mass.
Book Synopsis Osteosarcopenia: Bone, Muscle and Fat Interactions by : Gustavo Duque
Download or read book Osteosarcopenia: Bone, Muscle and Fat Interactions written by Gustavo Duque and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-06 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited work presents the most current evidence on osteosarcopenia from bench to bedside, which is expected to facilitate the understanding of this syndrome and to develop preventive and therapeutic strategies. With our aging population, chronic diseases such as osteoporosis and sarcopenia are becoming highly prevalent. Fortunately, our understanding of the bone and muscle interactions has increased in recent years. This has allowed to the coining of the term osteosarcopenia to describe a syndrome in which these two diseases overlap. This overlap between osteoporosis and sarcopenia has major negative effects not only on our older adults but also on health systems worldwide. Readers will find a highly translational approach that starts with a summary of recent discoveries on stem cells biology, muscle and bone interactions – including the role of local bone and muscle fat – followed by comprehensive reviews on myokines (i.e. myostatin), osteokines (i.e. osteocalcin) and adipokines (i.e. interleukins) as major players and determinants of bone and muscle loss with aging. In addition, the role of sex steroids (i.e. estrogens, androgens), and calciotropic hormones (i.e. parathyroid hormone, vitamin D) in the pathogenesis of this syndrome is also reviewed. Moreover, using practical diagnostic and therapeutic tips, this book summarizes the clinical characteristics of osteosarcopenic patients thus facilitating the diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome in clinical practice. Finally, the book presents the case for the Falls and Fractures Clinic as the optimal model of care for this syndrome, aimed to avoid fragmentation and optimize osteosarcopenia care, and simultaneously prevent falls and fractures in older persons. This book offers relevant information on the mechanisms of osteosarcopenia, and a practical guide on how to identify and treat this geriatric syndrome and its adverse outcomes, which are dramatically affecting our aging population. The work is written by leaders in the field and is especially suited not only to any researcher in the musculoskeletal arena but also to medical specialists and allied health professionals involved in the care of older persons.
Book Synopsis Relationship of Total Body Bone Mineral Density to Fat Mass, Lean Tissue Mass, Body Weight, and Calcium Intake in Normal Weight, Prepubertal Children ... by : Jennifer Kruse
Download or read book Relationship of Total Body Bone Mineral Density to Fat Mass, Lean Tissue Mass, Body Weight, and Calcium Intake in Normal Weight, Prepubertal Children ... written by Jennifer Kruse and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bone Mineral Density, Preventative Behaviors and Risk Factors in African American and Caucasian Mother-daughter Pairs by : Mary Amanda Haskins
Download or read book Bone Mineral Density, Preventative Behaviors and Risk Factors in African American and Caucasian Mother-daughter Pairs written by Mary Amanda Haskins and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is expected that by 2030, elderly minorities will comprise 20.2 million of the total 72.8 million population of Americans over 65 years (Pollard, 2013). For African American women over the age of 50, 5% have osteoporosis and an estimated 35% have low bone mass (NOF, n.d.). It is estimated that while over 40% of African American women over 80 years meet criteria for treatment, yet less than 12% are actually treated (Cauley, 2011). Striking disparities exist between African American and Caucasian women’s likelihood for dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) referral, the measurement tool that is used to diagnosis osteoporosis. (Hamrick, Cao, Agbafe-Mosley & Cummings, 2012; Miller et al., 2005; Wanko, 2003). When African American females suffer a hip fracture, they show a higher morbidity and mortality rate when compared to their Caucasian counterparts (Geller & Derman, 2001; Kidambi, Partington, & Binkley, 2005; NOF, 2014). A disproportionate number of African Americans are limited in their physical and mental abilities after a fracture compared to Caucasian patients (Bohannon, 1999; Geller & Derman, 2005; Furstenberg & Mezey, 1987). African American women are twice more likely to die from a hip fracture than Caucasian women within the first year of the fall (Geller & Derman, 2001). Interventions are needed to identify health care provider biases regarding osteoporosis screening (Neuner, J., Zhang, X., Sparapani, R., Laud, P. & Nattinger, A., 2007). Many, including African Americans, perceive only Caucasians to be susceptible to the disease (Geller & Derman, 2001; NOF, 2013). Further, the National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) found the average age for discussion initiation between mothers and daughters about osteoporosis does not occur until after peak bone mass is reached (2011). Purpose: This research project aimed to investigate the relationship between osteoporosis knowledge, bone mineral density (BMD), risk factors of low BMD, and preventative behaviors among African American and Caucasian mothers and their biological adolescent daughters. Additionally, this study seeks to explore whether mothers and daughter discuss osteoporosis preventative behaviors. Methods: Thirty-seven pairs of African American and Caucasian mothers and their 13-18 year old biological daughters participated in this study. Femoral and spinal BMD using DXA were obtained. Participants also completed the Osteoporosis Risk Factor Assessment (ORFA), Osteoporosis Knowledge Test (OKT), Health Communication Survey and an online calcium quiz to measure preventative behaviors, knowledge, calcium intake, and osteoporosis discussion engagement. Results: Over a third (33%) of African American and 26% of Caucasian mothers in this study had osteopenic BMD at the hip and spine. African American mothers and daughters had lower overall spinal and hip bone density compared to their Caucasian counterparts. Body fat and BMI among African American and Caucasians were significantly different. There were no significant differences in mean spinal or femoral BMD based on the predictor variables. Independent t-tests for significant differences in each observed mother-daughter pair between races was measures and compared across BMD, calcium intake and physical activity. Paired samples test indicated significant differences between African American and Caucasian mother-daughter pairs at the L-4 of the lumbar spine (p
Book Synopsis Physical Activity and Bone Health by : Karim Khan
Download or read book Physical Activity and Bone Health written by Karim Khan and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2001 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on exercise and its effect on bone, this text includes sections on basic anatomy and the physiology of the structure and function of bone as well as exercises to maintain a healthy skeleton through to old age.
Book Synopsis Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physical fitness affects our ability to function and be active. At poor levels, it is associated with such health outcomes as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical fitness testing in American youth was established on a large scale in the 1950s with an early focus on performance-related fitness that gradually gave way to an emphasis on health-related fitness. Using appropriately selected measures to collected fitness data in youth will advance our understanding of how fitness among youth translates into better health. In Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth, the IOM assesses the relationship between youth fitness test items and health outcomes, recommends the best fitness test items, provides guidance for interpreting fitness scores, and provides an agenda for needed research. The report concludes that selected cardiorespiratory endurance, musculoskeletal fitness, and body composition measures should be in fitness surveys and in schools. Collecting fitness data nationally and in schools helps with setting and achieving fitness goals and priorities for public health at an individual and national level.
