Preventing HIV Transmission

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309176212
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing HIV Transmission by : National Research Council and Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Preventing HIV Transmission written by National Research Council and Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-09-14 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the interface of two major national problems: the epidemic of HIV-AIDS and the widespread use of illegal injection drugs. Should communities have the option of giving drug users sterile needles or bleach for cleaning needs in order to reduce the spread of HIV? Does needle distribution worsen the drug problem, as opponents of such programs argue? Do they reduce the spread of other serious diseases, such as hepatitis? Do they result in more used needles being carelessly discarded in the community? The panel takes a critical look at the available data on needle exchange and bleach distribution programs, reaches conclusions about their efficacy, and offers concrete recommendations for public policy to reduce the spread of HIV/AIDS. The book includes current knowledge about the epidemiologies of HIV/AIDS and injection drug use; characteristics of needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and views on those programs from diverse community groups; and a discussion of laws designed to control possession of needles, their impact on needle sharing among injection drug users, and their implications for needle exchange programs.

Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2008

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2470 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2008 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies

Download or read book Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2008 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 2470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309439124
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.

Communities in Action

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

The New Jim Crow

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Publisher : The New Press
ISBN 13 : 1620971941
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Jim Crow by : Michelle Alexander

Download or read book The New Jim Crow written by Michelle Alexander and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2020-01-07 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the New York Times’s Best Books of the 21st Century Named one of the most important nonfiction books of the 21st century by Entertainment Weekly‚ Slate‚ Chronicle of Higher Education‚ Literary Hub, Book Riot‚ and Zora A tenth-anniversary edition of the iconic bestseller—"one of the most influential books of the past 20 years," according to the Chronicle of Higher Education—with a new preface by the author "It is in no small part thanks to Alexander's account that civil rights organizations such as Black Lives Matter have focused so much of their energy on the criminal justice system." —Adam Shatz, London Review of Books Seldom does a book have the impact of Michelle Alexander's The New Jim Crow. Since it was first published in 2010, it has been cited in judicial decisions and has been adopted in campus-wide and community-wide reads; it helped inspire the creation of the Marshall Project and the new $100 million Art for Justice Fund; it has been the winner of numerous prizes, including the prestigious NAACP Image Award; and it has spent nearly 250 weeks on the New York Times bestseller list. Most important of all, it has spawned a whole generation of criminal justice reform activists and organizations motivated by Michelle Alexander's unforgettable argument that "we have not ended racial caste in America; we have merely redesigned it." As the Birmingham News proclaimed, it is "undoubtedly the most important book published in this century about the U.S." Now, ten years after it was first published, The New Press is proud to issue a tenth-anniversary edition with a new preface by Michelle Alexander that discusses the impact the book has had and the state of the criminal justice reform movement today.

Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2007

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2007 by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies

Download or read book Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations for 2007 written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on the Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 2226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9780788104510
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime by : James A. Inciardi

Download or read book Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime written by James A. Inciardi and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994-03 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime (TASC) provides an objective bridge between two separate institutions: the criminal justice system and the drug treatment community. Under TASC, community-based supervision is made available to drug-involved individuals who would otherwise burden the justice system with their persistent drug-associated criminality. TASC operates in more than 100 jurisdictions. Covers: empirical and theoretical foundations of TASC; early years of TASC; early TASC evaluations; the current structure of TASC; and the future of TASC. References.

The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Criminology and Criminal Justice

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351146475
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Criminology and Criminal Justice by : Mark M. Lanier

Download or read book The Impact of HIV/AIDS on Criminology and Criminal Justice written by Mark M. Lanier and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-08 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The occurrence of HIV/AIDS has dramatically affected every aspect of justice systems worldwide. Legal, law enforcement and custody issues abound. This volume provides a comprehensive overview of these issues as well as strategies and solutions.

Facing Addiction in America

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Author :
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781974580620
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Facing Addiction in America by : Office of the Surgeon General

Download or read book Facing Addiction in America written by Office of the Surgeon General and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-15 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All across the United States, individuals, families, communities, and health care systems are struggling to cope with substance use, misuse, and substance use disorders. Substance misuse and substance use disorders have devastating effects, disrupt the future plans of too many young people, and all too often, end lives prematurely and tragically. Substance misuse is a major public health challenge and a priority for our nation to address. The effects of substance use are cumulative and costly for our society, placing burdens on workplaces, the health care system, families, states, and communities. The Report discusses opportunities to bring substance use disorder treatment and mainstream health care systems into alignment so that they can address a person's overall health, rather than a substance misuse or a physical health condition alone or in isolation. It also provides suggestions and recommendations for action that everyone-individuals, families, community leaders, law enforcement, health care professionals, policymakers, and researchers-can take to prevent substance misuse and reduce its consequences.

Departments of Labor, and Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2226 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Departments of Labor, and Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations

Download or read book Departments of Labor, and Health and Human Services, Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 2226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Effects of Incarceration and Reentry on Community Health and Well-Being

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309493668
Total Pages : 89 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effects of Incarceration and Reentry on Community Health and Well-Being by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Effects of Incarceration and Reentry on Community Health and Well-Being written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-04-17 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high rate of incarceration in the United States contributes significantly to the nation's health inequities, extending beyond those who are imprisoned to families, communities, and the entire society. Since the 1970s, there has been a seven-fold increase in incarceration. This increase and the effects of the post-incarceration reentry disproportionately affect low-income families and communities of color. It is critical to examine the criminal justice system through a new lens and explore opportunities for meaningful improvements that will promote health equity in the United States. The National Academies convened a workshop on June 6, 2018 to investigate the connection between incarceration and health inequities to better understand the distributive impact of incarceration on low-income families and communities of color. Topics of discussion focused on the experience of incarceration and reentry, mass incarceration as a public health issue, women's health in jails and prisons, the effects of reentry on the individual and the community, and promising practices and models for reentry. The programs and models that are described in this publication are all Philadelphia-based because Philadelphia has one of the highest rates of incarceration of any major American city. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions of the workshop.

Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 by : United States

Download or read book Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 written by United States and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Drug Abuse Treatment in Prisons and Jails

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Publisher : Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Servic
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Drug Abuse Treatment in Prisons and Jails by : Carl G. Leukefeld

Download or read book Drug Abuse Treatment in Prisons and Jails written by Carl G. Leukefeld and published by Department of Health and Human Services Public Health Servic. This book was released on 1992 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Growth of Incarceration in the United States

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309298018
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis The Growth of Incarceration in the United States by : Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration

Download or read book The Growth of Incarceration in the United States written by Committee on Causes and Consequences of High Rates of Incarceration and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of stability from the 1920s to the early 1970s, the rate of imprisonment in the United States has increased fivefold during the last four decades. The U.S. penal population of 2.2 million adults is by far the largest in the world. Just under one-quarter of the world's prisoners are held in American prisons. The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 out of every 100 adults in prison or jail, is 5 to 10 times higher than the rates in Western Europe and other democracies. The U.S. prison population is largely drawn from the most disadvantaged part of the nation's population: mostly men under age 40, disproportionately minority, and poorly educated. Prisoners often carry additional deficits of drug and alcohol addictions, mental and physical illnesses, and lack of work preparation or experience. The growth of incarceration in the United States during four decades has prompted numerous critiques and a growing body of scientific knowledge about what prompted the rise and what its consequences have been for the people imprisoned, their families and communities, and for U.S. society. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines research and analysis of the dramatic rise of incarceration rates and its affects. This study makes the case that the United States has gone far past the point where the numbers of people in prison can be justified by social benefits and has reached a level where these high rates of incarceration themselves constitute a source of injustice and social harm. The Growth of Incarceration in the United States examines policy changes that created an increasingly punitive political climate and offers specific policy advice in sentencing policy, prison policy, and social policy. The report also identifies important research questions that must be answered to provide a firmer basis for policy. This report is a call for change in the way society views criminals, punishment, and prison. This landmark study assesses the evidence and its implications for public policy to inform an extensive and thoughtful public debate about and reconsideration of policies.

The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309046289
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe's "Black Death" contributed to the rise of nation states, mercantile economies, and even the Reformation. Will the AIDS epidemic have similar dramatic effects on the social and political landscape of the twenty-first century? This readable volume looks at the impact of AIDS since its emergence and suggests its effects in the next decade, when a million or more Americans will likely die of the disease. The Social Impact of AIDS in the United States addresses some of the most sensitive and controversial issues in the public debate over AIDS. This landmark book explores how AIDS has affected fundamental policies and practices in our major institutions, examining: How America's major religious organizations have dealt with sometimes conflicting values: the imperative of care for the sick versus traditional views of homosexuality and drug use. Hotly debated public health measures, such as HIV antibody testing and screening, tracing of sexual contacts, and quarantine. The potential risk of HIV infection to and from health care workers. How AIDS activists have brought about major change in the way new drugs are brought to the marketplace. The impact of AIDS on community-based organizations, from volunteers caring for individuals to the highly political ACT-UP organization. Coping with HIV infection in prisons. Two case studies shed light on HIV and the family relationship. One reports on some efforts to gain legal recognition for nonmarital relationships, and the other examines foster care programs for newborns with the HIV virus. A case study of New York City details how selected institutions interact to give what may be a picture of AIDS in the future. This clear and comprehensive presentation will be of interest to anyone concerned about AIDS and its impact on the country: health professionals, sociologists, psychologists, advocates for at-risk populations, and interested individuals.

Substance Abuse and the Family

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317636945
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Substance Abuse and the Family by : Michael D. Reiter

Download or read book Substance Abuse and the Family written by Michael D. Reiter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Substance Abuse and the Family demonstrates what it means to view addiction through a systems lens by considering biology and genetics, family relationships, and larger systems. Throughout the text, Michael D. Reiter shows how to examine a person’s predilection to become addicted, his or her social environment around substance use, the functionality of his or her family, and various treatment options. Chapters are organized around two sections: Assessment and Treatment. The first section pays attention to how the family system organizes around substance use and abuse. Here family roles, culture, and other issues such as family violence and resilience are covered. Two chapters are also included on the neuroscience and genetics of addiction, with contributions from Jaime L. Tartar and Christina Gobin. There are also chapters on working with partial systems, using genograms, and working in a culturally-sensitive way (with contributions from Dalis Arismendi), with culture-specific consideration paid to African American, Hispanic and Latin American, Asian American, and Native American families. The second half of the book explores what a systems orientation means in practice and goes over self-help groups for individuals and families. An overview of the major family therapy theories is included, which examines intergenerational, experiential, communication approaches, strategic, systemic, and post-modern models. A separate chapter examines issues faced by both youth and adult children of alcoholics. Intended for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as beginning practitioners, this text is one of the most penetrating and in-depth examinations on the topic available. .

Senate Report

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Author :
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1170 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Senate Report by :

Download or read book Senate Report written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1987 with total page 1170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: