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Author : E. F. Kearney
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 12 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)
Download or read book Reasons for and Against Laws Requiring People to Use Seat Belts written by E. F. Kearney and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 76 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)
Download or read book Laws Requiring Seat Belts written by National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mark L. Booz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book The Constitutionality of Mandatory Seat Belt Laws written by Mark L. Booz and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low seat belt usage rates have persisted for years despite efforts to educate people about belts' benefits. There is ample documentation of the contribution of seat belts to saving lives and reducing injury. The emotional and pecuniary toll of the failure to use belts is enormous, yet of little effect in modifying people's behavior. Involuntary measures seem to be the only effective solution to the problem of misperceptions about belts' effectiveness and ingrained attitudes which resist education. Compulsory belt use laws have been successful in other countries, and since 1984 have been considered by the Department of Transportation to be a viable alternative to passive restraints. The possibility of the widespread adoption of mandatory belt use laws has again raised questions about the legitimacy of such self-protective legislation. A similar debate spawned many court cases 15-20 years ago when mandatory motorcycle helmet use laws were passed. Many of the arguments made then are relevant to the seat belt issue. The basic question remains: Are the devices effective enough and is the public interest in protecting the individual strong enough to warrant the intrusion on privacy? The answer must consider that driving takes place in a public arena. Further, studies indicate a substantial correlation between seat belt use and the protection of life and health. A case can be made for many third party effects and social costs of accidents, so this matter involves more than a mere question of the individual right of privacy. Given the traditional deference of the courts to state legislatures in the area of highway safety regulation, mandatory seat belt use laws may well pass constitutional challenges. Various legal theories support this conclusion. The right to travel is subject to reasonable regulation. A law applicable to all automobiles can hardly be described as discriminatory, thus dismissing equal protection objections. As long as there is no substantial interference with interstate travel and there are tangible "local" benefits, the flow of commerce is not impermissibly restricted. The volume of statistics supporting belts' efficacy constitute a reasonable means of serving a legitimate state interest in public health and welfare. They may well pass a more rigorous standard, and amount to a real and substantial relation between the law and its objective. The due process challenge thus being satisfied, the remaining question becomes one of a policy choice for the legislature about the desirability of this means over other alternatives.
Author : United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (618 download)
Download or read book Laws Requiring Seat Belts written by United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. National Committee on Uniform Traffic Laws and Ordinances and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Transportation Research Board
ISBN 13 : 0309085934
Total Pages : 117 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Buckling Up written by and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2003 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing seat belt use is one of the most effective and least costly ways of reducing the lives lost and injuries incurred on the nation's highways each year, yet about one in four drivers and front-seat passengers continues to ride unbuckled. The Transportation Research Board, in response to a congressional request for a study to examine the potential of in-vehicle technologies to increase belt use, formed a panel of 12 experts having expertise in the areas of automotive engineering, design, and regulation; traffic safety and injury prevention; human factors; survey research methods; economics; and technology education and consumer interest. This panel, named the Committee for the Safety Belt Technology Study, examined the potential benefits of technologies designed to increase belt use, determined how drivers view the acceptability of the technologies, and considered whether legislative or regulatory actions are necessary to enable their installation on passenger vehicles. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), the study sponsor, funded and conducted interviews and focus groups of samples of different belt user groups to learn more about the potential effectiveness and acceptability of technologies ranging from seat belt reminder systems to more aggressive interlock systems, and provided the information collected to the study committee. The committee also supplemented its expertise by holding its second meeting in Dearborn, Michigan, where it met in proprietary sessions with several of the major automobile manufacturers, a key supplier, and a small business inventor of a shifter interlock system to learn of planned new seat belt use technologies as well as about company data concerning their effectiveness and acceptability. The committee's findings and recommendations are presented in this five-chapter report.
Author : William Byrant Wilson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)
Download or read book Occupant Restraint Legislation Handbook written by William Byrant Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jerry L. Mashaw
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780674423466
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (234 download)
Download or read book The Struggle for Auto Safety written by Jerry L. Mashaw and published by . This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining superb investigative reporting with incisive analysis, Jerry Mashaw and David Harfst provide a compelling account of the attempt to regulate auto safety in America. Their penetrating look inside the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) spans two decades and reveals the complexities of regulating risk in a free society. Hoping to stem the tide of rising automobile deaths and injuries, Congress passed the National Traffic and Motor Vehicle Safety Act in 1966. From that point on, automakers would build cars under the watchful eyes of the federal regulators at NHTSA. Curiously, however, the agency abandoned its safety mission of setting, monitoring, and enforcing performance standards in favor of the largely symbolic act of recalling defective autos. Mashaw and Harfst argue that the regulatory shift from rules to recalls was neither a response to a new vision of the public interest nor a result of pressure by the auto industry or other interest groups. Instead, the culprit was the legal environment surrounding NHTSA and other regulatory agencies such as the EPA, OSHA, and the Consumer Product Safety Commission. The authors show how NHTSA's decisions as well as its organization, processes, and personnel were reoriented in order to comply with the demands of a legal culture that proved surprisingly resistant to regulatory pressures. This broad-gauged view of NHTSA has much to say about political idealism and personal ambition, scientific commitment and professional competition, long-range vision and political opportunism. A fascinating illustration of America's ambivalence over whether government is a source of--or solution to--social ills, The Struggle for Auto Safety offers important lessons about the design and management of effective health and safety regulatory agencies today.
Author : Scott Aikin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351616226
Total Pages : 232 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)
Download or read book Why We Argue (And How We Should) written by Scott Aikin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why We Argue (And How We Should): A Guide to Political Disagreement in an Age of Unreason presents an accessible and engaging introduction to the theory of argument, with special emphasis on the way argument works in public political debate. The authors develop a view according to which proper argument is necessary for one’s individual cognitive health; this insight is then expanded to the collective health of one’s society. Proper argumentation, then, is seen to play a central role in a well-functioning democracy. Written in a lively style and filled with examples drawn from the real world of contemporary politics, and questions following each chapter to encourage discussion, Why We Argue (And How We Should) reads like a guide for the participation in, and maintenance of, modern democracy. An excellent student resource for courses in critical thinking, political philosophy, and related fields, Why We Argue (And How We Should) is an important contribution to reasoned debate. What’s New in the Second Edition: Updated examples throughout the book, including examples from the 2016 U.S. election and first years of the Trump presidency; Expanded coverage of dialectical fallacies, including coverage of new types of fallacies and of sites where such fallacies thrive (e.g., cable news, social media); Revised For Further Thought questions and definitions of Key Terms, included at the end of each chapter; The addition of five new chapters: Deep Disagreement Argument by Analogy Argument between the Ads The Owl of Minerva (or weaponizing metalanguage) Argumentative Responsibility and Repair.
Author : Scott F. Aikin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135123292
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)
Download or read book Why We Argue (And How We Should) written by Scott F. Aikin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why We Argue (And How We Should): A Guide to Political Disagreement presents an accessible and engaging introduction to the theory of argument, with special emphasis on the way argument works in public political debate. The authors develop a view according to which proper argument is necessary for one’s individual cognitive health; this insight is then expanded to the collective health of one’s society. Proper argumentation, then, is seen to play a central role in a well-functioning democracy. Written in a lively style and filled with examples drawn from the real world of contemporary politics, and questions following each chapter to encourage discussion, Why We Argue (And How We Should): A Guide to Political Disagreement reads like a guide for the participation in, and maintenance of, modern democracy. An excellent student resource for courses in critical thinking, political philosophy, and related fields, Why We Argue (And How We Should): A Guide to Political Disagreement is an important contribution to reasoned debate.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Standard Enforcement Saves Lives written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : B. F. Bohan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Seat Belts and the Law: Mandatory Use Laws and the Legal Consequences of Non-use. Volume I. Final Report written by B. F. Bohan and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Florida. Legislature. Senate. Committee on Transportation
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book An Evaluation of the Need for Legislation, Requiring the Wearing of Seat Belts written by Florida. Legislature. Senate. Committee on Transportation and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Review
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Safety Belt Usage written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Public Works and Transportation. Subcommittee on Investigations and Review and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jessica A. Ginsburg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Mandatory Safety Belt Use Legislation written by Jessica A. Ginsburg and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the current environment which would influence the consideration of a mandatory safety belt use law in Virginia. First, the regulatory context fostered by the U.S. Department of Transportation's issuance of federal motor vehicle safety standard 208 is examined. This rule requires that automobile manufacturers install passive restraints such as airbags or automatic seat belts in all cars by 1989 unless states covering two-thirds of the nation's population enact mandatory safety belt use laws. Next is a discussion of the provisions of the mandatory use laws in effect in 16 states, along with data from New York and New Jersey, the first two states to enact such legislation. In New York State, safety belt usage increased from around 20% to nearly 78% following the effective date of the law. While the use of belts subsequently declined, it remained two or three times higher than before the law. A significant decline in highway fatalities was also noted following passage of the mandatory use law. Finally, data on safety belt usage and traffic deaths in Virginia are examined. According to statistics from the Fatal Accident Reporting System, of the 2,154 people killed in highway accidents in Virginia between 1982 and 1984, 2,076 (96%) were not wearing safety belts. Belt wearers, who constitute as much as 20% of the motorists, accounted for only 4% of the traffic deaths. A similar relationship is evident in the data for each of the Department of Motor Vehicle districts in the state.
Author : William Byrant Wilson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Safety Belt Usage Attitude Study written by William Byrant Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 5 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (43 download)
Download or read book Status of State Laws Requiring Seat Belts written by United States. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Department of Transport
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (39 download)
Download or read book Seat Belts and the Law written by Department of Transport and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
