Reason And The Search For Knowledge

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Reason and the Search for Knowledge

Author : D. Shapere
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401097313
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Reason and the Search for Knowledge by : D. Shapere

Download or read book Reason and the Search for Knowledge written by D. Shapere and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An impressive characteristic of Dudley Shapere's studies in the philosophy of the sciences has been his dogged reasonableness. He sorts things out, with logical care and mastery of the materials, and with an epistemological curiosity for the historical happenings which is both critical and respectful. Science changes, and the philosopher had better not link philosophical standards too tightly to either the latest orthodox or the provocative up start in scientific fashions; and yet, as critic, the philosopher must not only master the sciences but also explicate their meanings, not those of a cognitive never-never land. Neither dreamer nor pedant, Professor Shapere has been able to practice the modern empiricist's exercises with the sober and stimulat ing results shown in this volume: he sees that he can be faithful to philosoph ical analysis, engage in the boldest 'rational reconstruction' of theories and experimental measurements, and faithful too, empirically faithful we may say, to both the direct super-highways and the winding pathways of conceptual evolutions and metaphysical revolutions. Not least, Shapere listens! To Einstein and Calileo of course, but to the workings of the engineers and the scientific apprentices too, and to the various philosophers, now and of old, who have also worked to make sense of what has been learned and how that has happened and where we might go wrong.

Satisfying Reason

Author : N. Rescher
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401104832
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Satisfying Reason by : N. Rescher

Download or read book Satisfying Reason written by N. Rescher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leibniz said with a mixture of admiration and inspiration that the Duchess Sophie of Hannover always wanted to know the reason why behind the reason why. And that is just how rationality works: it wants to leave no loose ends to understanding, seeking to enable us to understand things through to the bitter end. In the twelve chapters that make up Satisfying Reason, Rescher develops and defends the following perspective: That rationality is a cardinal virtue in cognitive matters. That this is not something simple and cut-and-dried: in the pursuit of truth through the development of knowledge we face obstacles -- sometimes even insuperable ones. All that we can do is the best we can, realizing that even our very best may still be imperfect. Nevertheless, the venture is far from hopeless. While absolutes are unattainable in the cognitive venture, some solutions are situationally optimal, being comparatively the best that can be managed under the circumstances. That reason itself enables us to come to terms with this state of affairs, urging us to accept the best we can do as good enough. Satisfying Reason is an explanation of the presuppositions and methods of rational enquiry, an original exercise in metaknowledge, developing a systematic body of knowledge about the scope and limits of knowledge itself.

How People Learn II

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309459672
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis How People Learn II by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book How People Learn II written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many reasons to be curious about the way people learn, and the past several decades have seen an explosion of research that has important implications for individual learning, schooling, workforce training, and policy. In 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition was published and its influence has been wide and deep. The report summarized insights on the nature of learning in school-aged children; described principles for the design of effective learning environments; and provided examples of how that could be implemented in the classroom. Since then, researchers have continued to investigate the nature of learning and have generated new findings related to the neurological processes involved in learning, individual and cultural variability related to learning, and educational technologies. In addition to expanding scientific understanding of the mechanisms of learning and how the brain adapts throughout the lifespan, there have been important discoveries about influences on learning, particularly sociocultural factors and the structure of learning environments. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures provides a much-needed update incorporating insights gained from this research over the past decade. The book expands on the foundation laid out in the 2000 report and takes an in-depth look at the constellation of influences that affect individual learning. How People Learn II will become an indispensable resource to understand learning throughout the lifespan for educators of students and adults.

Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

Author : Ronald Brachman
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 1558609326
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (586 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Representation and Reasoning by : Ronald Brachman

Download or read book Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Ronald Brachman and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2004-05-19 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge representation is at the very core of a radical idea for understanding intelligence. This book talks about the central concepts of knowledge representation developed over the years. It is suitable for researchers and practitioners in database management, information retrieval, object-oriented systems and artificial intelligence.

Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge

Author : Julia Tanney
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674071727
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge by : Julia Tanney

Download or read book Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge written by Julia Tanney and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Julia Tanney offers a sustained criticism of today’s canon in philosophy of mind, which conceives the workings of the rational mind as the outcome of causal interactions between mental states that have their bases in the brain. With its roots in physicalism and functionalism, this widely accepted view provides the philosophical foundation for the cardinal tenet of the cognitive sciences: that cognition is a form of information-processing. Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge presents a challenge not only to the cognitivist approach that has dominated philosophy and the special sciences for the last fifty years but, more broadly, to metaphysical-empirical approaches to the study of the mind. Responding to a tradition that owes much to the writings of Davidson, early Putnam, and Fodor, Tanney challenges this orthodoxy on its own terms. In untangling its internal inadequacies, starting with the paradoxes of irrationality, she arrives at a view these philosophers were keen to rebut—one with affinities to the work of Ryle and Wittgenstein and all but invisible to those working on the cutting edge of analytic philosophy and mind research today. This is the view that rational explanations are embedded in “thick” descriptions that are themselves sophistications upon ever ascending levels of discourse, or socio-linguistic practices. Tanney argues that conceptual cartography rather than metaphysical-scientific explanation is the basic tool for understanding the nature of the mind. Rules, Reason, and Self-Knowledge clears the path for a return to the world-involving, circumstance-dependent, normative practices where the rational mind has its home.

Knowledge, Reason, and Taste

Author : Paul Guyer
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691151172
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge, Reason, and Taste by : Paul Guyer

Download or read book Knowledge, Reason, and Taste written by Paul Guyer and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immanuel Kant famously said that he was awoken from his "dogmatic slumbers," and led to question the possibility of metaphysics, by David Hume's doubts about causation. Because of this, many philosophers have viewed Hume's influence on Kant as limited to metaphysics. More recently, some philosophers have questioned whether even Kant's metaphysics was really motivated by Hume. In Knowledge, Reason, and Taste, renowned Kant scholar Paul Guyer challenges both of these views. He argues that Kant's entire philosophy--including his moral philosophy, aesthetics, and teleology, as well as his metaphysics--can fruitfully be read as an engagement with Hume. In this book, the first to describe and assess Hume's influence throughout Kant's philosophy, Guyer shows where Kant agrees or disagrees with Hume, and where Kant does or doesn't appear to resolve Hume's doubts. In doing so, Guyer examines the progress both Kant and Hume made on enduring questions about causes, objects, selves, taste, moral principles and motivations, and purpose and design in nature. Finally, Guyer looks at questions Kant and Hume left open to their successors.

Reasoning About Knowledge

Author : Ronald Fagin
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262562003
Total Pages : 576 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Reasoning About Knowledge by : Ronald Fagin

Download or read book Reasoning About Knowledge written by Ronald Fagin and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-01-09 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reasoning about knowledge—particularly the knowledge of agents who reason about the world and each other's knowledge—was once the exclusive province of philosophers and puzzle solvers. More recently, this type of reasoning has been shown to play a key role in a surprising number of contexts, from understanding conversations to the analysis of distributed computer algorithms. Reasoning About Knowledge is the first book to provide a general discussion of approaches to reasoning about knowledge and its applications to distributed systems, artificial intelligence, and game theory. It brings eight years of work by the authors into a cohesive framework for understanding and analyzing reasoning about knowledge that is intuitive, mathematically well founded, useful in practice, and widely applicable. The book is almost completely self-contained and should be accessible to readers in a variety of disciplines, including computer science, artificial intelligence, linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science, and game theory. Each chapter includes exercises and bibliographic notes.

Sensuous Knowledge

Author : Minna Salami
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 178699528X
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (869 download)

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Book Synopsis Sensuous Knowledge by : Minna Salami

Download or read book Sensuous Knowledge written by Minna Salami and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2020-03-25 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Sensuous Knowledge, Minna Salami draws on Africa-centric, feminist-first and artistic traditions to help us rediscover inclusive and invigorating ways of experiencing the world afresh. Combining the playfulness of a storyteller with the insight of a social critic, the book pries apart the systems of power and privilege that have dominated ways of thinking for centuries – and which have led to so much division, prejudice and damage. And it puts forward a new, sensuous, approach to knowledge: one grounded in a host of global perspectives – from Black Feminism to personal narrative, pop culture to high art, Western philosophy to African mythology – together comprising a vision of hope for a fragmented world riven by crisis. Through the prism of this new knowledge, Salami offers fresh insights into the key cultural issues that affect women’s lives. How are we to view Sisterhood, Motherhood or even Womanhood itself? What is Power and why do we conceive of Beauty? How does one achieve Liberation? She asks women to break free of the prison made by ingrained male-centric biases, and build a house themselves – a home that can nurture us all. Sensuous Knowledge confirms Minna Salami as one the most important spokespeople of today, and the arrival of a blistering new literary voice.

Labyrinths of Reason

Author : William Poundstone
Publisher : Anchor
ISBN 13 : 030776379X
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Labyrinths of Reason by : William Poundstone

Download or read book Labyrinths of Reason written by William Poundstone and published by Anchor. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sharply intelligent, consistently provocative book takes the reader on an astonishing, thought-provoking voyage into the realm of delightful uncertainty--a world of paradox in which logical argument leads to contradiction and common sense is seemingly rendered irrelevant.

Conceptual Idealism

Author : Nicholas Rescher
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780819125071
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis Conceptual Idealism by : Nicholas Rescher

Download or read book Conceptual Idealism written by Nicholas Rescher and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

Author : Luigia Carlucci Aiello
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 696 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning by : Luigia Carlucci Aiello

Download or read book Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Luigia Carlucci Aiello and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1996 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Island of Knowledge

Author : Marcelo Gleiser
Publisher : Civitas Books
ISBN 13 : 0465031714
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis The Island of Knowledge by : Marcelo Gleiser

Download or read book The Island of Knowledge written by Marcelo Gleiser and published by Civitas Books. This book was released on 2014-06-03 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why discovering the limits to science may be the most powerful discovery of allHow much can we know about the world? In this book, physicist Marcelo Gleiser traces our search for answers to the most fundamental questions of existence, the origin of the universe, the nature of reality, and the limits of knowledge. In so doing, he reaches a provocative conclusion: science, like religion, is fundamentally limited as a tool for understanding the world. As science and its philosophical interpretations advance, we face the unsettling recognition of how much we don't know. Gleiser shows that by aband.

Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

Author : Bernhard Nebel
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 834 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning by : Bernhard Nebel

Download or read book Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Bernhard Nebel and published by Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. This book was released on 1992 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stringently reviewed papers presented at the October 1992 meeting held in Cambridge, Mass., address such topics as nonmonotonic logic; taxonomic logic; specialized algorithms for temporal, spatial, and numerical reasoning; and knowledge representation issues in planning, diagnosis, and natural langu

Monopolizing Knowledge

Author : Ian Hutchinson
Publisher : Lulu.com
ISBN 13 : 0983702306
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Monopolizing Knowledge by : Ian Hutchinson

Download or read book Monopolizing Knowledge written by Ian Hutchinson and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can real knowledge be found other than by science? In this unique approach to understanding today's culture wars, an MIT physicist answers emphatically yes. He shows how scientism --- the view that science is all the knowledge there is --- suffocates reason as well as religion. Tracing the history of scientism and its frequent confusion with science, Hutchinson explains what makes modern science so persuasive and powerful, but restricts its scope. Recognizing science's limitations, and properly identifying what we call nature, liberates both science and non-scientific knowledge.

Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning

Author : Jon Doyle
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 680 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning by : Jon Doyle

Download or read book Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning written by Jon Doyle and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1994 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of KR '94 comprise 55 papers on topics including deduction an search, description logics, theories of knowledge and belief, nonmonotonic reasoning and belief revision, action and time, planning and decision-making and reasoning about the physical world, and the relations between KR

The Scientific Outlook

Author : Bertrand Russell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351540645
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis The Scientific Outlook by : Bertrand Russell

Download or read book The Scientific Outlook written by Bertrand Russell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'A scientific opinion is one which there is some reason to believe is true; an unscientific opinion is one which is held for some reason other than its probable truth.' - Bertrand Russell One of Russell's most important books, this early classic on science illuminates his thinking on the promise and threat of scientific progress. Russell considers three questions fundamental to an understanding of science: the nature and scope of scientific knowledge, the increased power over nature that science affords, and the changes in the lives of human beings that result from new forms of science. With customary wit and clarity, Russell offers brilliant discussions of many major scientific figures, including Aristotle, Galileo, Newton and Darwin. With a new introduciton by David Papineau, King's College, London.

Knowledge Flows in a Global Age

Author : John Krige
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226820378
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (268 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Flows in a Global Age by : John Krige

Download or read book Knowledge Flows in a Global Age written by John Krige and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2022-09-05 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A transnational approach to understanding and analyzing knowledge circulation. The contributors to this collection focus on what happens to knowledge and know-how at national borders. Rather than treating it as flowing like currents across them, or diffusing out from center to periphery, they stress the human intervention that shapes how knowledge is processed, mobilized, and repurposed in transnational transactions to serve diverse interests, constraints, and environments. The chapters consider both what knowledge travels and how it travels across borders of varying permeability that impede or facilitate its movement. They look closely at a variety of platforms and objects of knowledge, from tangible commodities—like hybrid wheat seeds, penicillin, Robusta coffee, naval weaponry, seed banks, satellites and high-performance computers—to the more conceptual apparatuses of plant phenotype data and statistics. Moreover, this volume decenters the Global North, tracking how knowledge moves along multiple paths across the borders of Mexico, India, Portugal, Guinea-Bissau, the Soviet Union, China, Angola, Palestine and the West Bank, as well as the United States and the United Kingdom. An important new work of transnational history, this collection recasts the way we understand and analyze knowledge circulation.