Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Quasi Monoenergetic Laser Plasma Acceleration Of Electrons Beyond 1 Gev At The Texas Petawatt Laser
Download Quasi Monoenergetic Laser Plasma Acceleration Of Electrons Beyond 1 Gev At The Texas Petawatt Laser full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Quasi Monoenergetic Laser Plasma Acceleration Of Electrons Beyond 1 Gev At The Texas Petawatt Laser ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Quasi-monoenergetic Laser-plasma Acceleration of Electrons Beyond 1 GeV at the Texas Petawatt Laser by : Neil Behzad Fazel
Download or read book Quasi-monoenergetic Laser-plasma Acceleration of Electrons Beyond 1 GeV at the Texas Petawatt Laser written by Neil Behzad Fazel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laser-plasma accelerators first produced 1 GeV electrons with few percent energy spread and high beam quality in 2006. The goal of laser-plasma acceleration experiments conducted at the Texas Petawatt (TPW) laser starting in 2011 was to advance this energy frontier significantly while maintaining high electron beam quality. To maximize energy transfer from laser pulse to electrons, we adopted the strategy of lowering the plasma density so that accelerating electrons and the laser-driven plasma accelerating structure remained in phase over several centimeters, instead of only millimeters. This was only possible because pulses from the TPW laser uniquely have the power (~1 PW) and duration (150 fs) required to excite the plasma resonantly and nonlinearly, and thus to achieve the favorable blowout (bubble) regime, at electron densities as low as 1017 cm−3 . In this dissertation I describe laser-plasma acceleration experiments driven by the TPW laser that successfully accelerated > 109 self-injected electrons (~1 nC) to > 1 GeV (> 108 self-injected electrons > 2 GeV) energy while maintaining
Book Synopsis Chapter Physics of Quasi-Monoenergetic Laser-Plasma Acceleration of Electrons in the Blowout Regime by : Bradley A. Shadwick
Download or read book Chapter Physics of Quasi-Monoenergetic Laser-Plasma Acceleration of Electrons in the Blowout Regime written by Bradley A. Shadwick and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Physics of Quasi-Monoenergetic Laser-Plasma Acceleration of Electrons in the Blowout Regime by : Serguei Y. Kalmykov
Download or read book Physics of Quasi-Monoenergetic Laser-Plasma Acceleration of Electrons in the Blowout Regime written by Serguei Y. Kalmykov and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Wakefield Acceleration written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Particle accelerators enable scientists to study the fundamental structure of the universe, but have become the largest and most expensive of scientific instruments. In this project, we advanced the science and technology of laser-plasma accelerators, which are thousands of times smaller and less expensive than their conventional counterparts. In a laser-plasma accelerator, a powerful laser pulse exerts light pressure on an ionized gas, or plasma, thereby driving an electron density wave, which resembles the wake behind a boat. Electrostatic fields within this plasma wake reach tens of billions of volts per meter, fields far stronger than ordinary non-plasma matter (such as the matter that a conventional accelerator is made of) can withstand. Under the right conditions, stray electrons from the surrounding plasma become trapped within these "wake-fields", surf them, and acquire energy much faster than is possible in a conventional accelerator. Laser-plasma accelerators thus might herald a new generation of compact, low-cost accelerators for future particle physics, x-ray and medical research. In this project, we made two major advances in the science of laser-plasma accelerators. The first of these was to accelerate electrons beyond 1 gigaelectronvolt (1 GeV) for the first time. In experimental results reported in Nature Communications in 2013, about 1 billion electrons were captured from a tenuous plasma (about 1/100 of atmosphere density) and accelerated to 2 GeV within about one inch, while maintaining less than 5% energy spread, and spreading out less than 1/2 milliradian (i.e. 1/2 millimeter per meter of travel). Low energy spread and high beam collimation are important for applications of accelerators as coherent x-ray sources or particle colliders. This advance was made possible by exploiting unique properties of the Texas Petawatt Laser, a powerful laser at the University of Texas at Austin that produces pulses of 150 femtoseconds (1 femtosecond is 10-15 seconds) in duration and 150 Joules in energy (equivalent to the muzzle energy of a small pistol bullet). This duration was well matched to the natural electron density oscillation period of plasma of 1/100 atmospheric density, enabling efficient excitation of a plasma wake, while this energy was sufficient to drive a high-amplitude wake of the right shape to produce an energetic, collimated electron beam. Continuing research is aimed at increasing electron energy even further, increasing the number of electrons captured and accelerated, and developing applications of the compact, multi-GeV accelerator as a coherent, hard x-ray source for materials science, biomedical imaging and homeland security applications. The second major advance under this project was to develop new methods of visualizing the laser-driven plasma wake structures that underlie laser-plasma accelerators. Visualizing these structures is essential to understanding, optimizing and scaling laser-plasma accelerators. Yet prior to work under this project, computer simulations based on estimated initial conditions were the sole source of detailed knowledge of the complex, evolving internal structure of laser-driven plasma wakes. In this project we developed and demonstrated a suite of optical visualization methods based on well-known methods such as holography, streak cameras, and coherence tomography, but adapted to the ultrafast, light-speed, microscopic world of laser-driven plasma wakes. Our methods output images of laser-driven plasma structures in a single laser shot. We first reported snapshots of low-amplitude laser wakes in Nature Physics in 2006. We subsequently reported images of high-amplitude laser-driven plasma "bubbles", which are important for producing electron beams with low energy spread, in Physical Review Letters in 2010. More recently, we have figured out how to image laser-driven structures that change shape while propagating in a single laser shot. The latter techniques, which use t ...
Book Synopsis Challenges and Goals for Accelerators in the XXI Century by : Oliver Brning
Download or read book Challenges and Goals for Accelerators in the XXI Century written by Oliver Brning and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The past 100 years of accelerator-based research have led the field from first insights into the structure of atoms to the development and confirmation of the Standard Model of physics. Accelerators have been a key tool in developing our understanding of the elementary particles and the forces that govern their interactions. This book describes the past 100 years of accelerator development with a special focus on the technological advancements in the field, the connection of the various accelerator projects to key developments and discoveries in the Standard Model, how accelerator technologies open the door to other applications in medicine and industry, and finally presents an outlook of future accelerator projects for the coming decades."--Provided by publisher.
Book Synopsis LASER WAKEFIELD ACCELERATION BEYOND 1 GeV USING IONIZATION INDUCED INJECTION* by :
Download or read book LASER WAKEFIELD ACCELERATION BEYOND 1 GeV USING IONIZATION INDUCED INJECTION* written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of laser wake field accelerator experiments leading to electron energy exceeding 1 GeV are described. Theoretical concepts and experimental methods developed while conducting experiments using the 10 TW Ti:Sapphire laser at UCLA were implemented and transferred successfully to the 100 TW Callisto Laser System at the Jupiter Laser Facility at LLNL. To reach electron energies greater than 1 GeV with current laser systems, it is necessary to inject and trap electrons into the wake and to guide the laser for more than 1 cm of plasma. Using the 10 TW laser, the physics of self-guiding and the limitations in regards to pump depletion over cm-scale plasmas were demonstrated. Furthermore, a novel injection mechanism was explored which allows injection by ionization at conditions necessary for generating electron energies greater than a GeV. The 10 TW results were followed by self-guiding at the 100 TW scale over cm plasma lengths. The energy of the self-injected electrons, at 3 x 1018 cm−3 plasma density, was limited by dephasing to 720 MeV. Implementation of ionization injection allowed extending the acceleration well beyond a centimeter and 1.4 GeV electrons were measured.
Book Synopsis Laser-plasma Interactions from Thin Tapes for High-energy Electron Accelerators and Seeding Compact FELs by : Brian Henry Shaw
Download or read book Laser-plasma Interactions from Thin Tapes for High-energy Electron Accelerators and Seeding Compact FELs written by Brian Henry Shaw and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For over 10 years, laser plasma acceleration (LPA) has been a rapidly growing technology used to create electron beams on length-scales much smaller than that of a conventional RF-accelerator [1]. As electron beam properties improve, research for LPAs is expanding to take advantage of the creation and accessibility of high-quality electron beams from plasma targets. Two applications which are currently being explored are a multi-stage plasma accelerator to reach energies greater than those a single-stage accelerator can achieve and exploring the possibility of an LPA based free-electron laser (FEL) light source. Research supporting both of these efforts has been performed on the 50 TW TREX laser system at the BELLA Center at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, and the results of these efforts are described in this dissertation. Using chirped-pulsed amplification to produce high-quality laser pulses up to petawatt levels, experimental results have yielded laser driven electron beam energies up to 4.25 GeV [2]. By tuning the density of the target, the accelerating gradients sustained by the plasma can grow beyond 100 GeV/m [3] (10^3 times larger than that of a conventional RF accelerator). However, limiting factors such as dephasing of the electron beam from the plasma wake, defocusing of a laser pulse, and energy depletion of the laser into the plasma limit the maximum sensible length of a plasma accelerator. Staging the LPA with two or more accelerating modules could be the next step towards producing beams with energies greater than those possible with a single stage. One requirement for staged acceleration is that the laser pulse used to drive the first accelerating stage must be coupled out of the beamline, and a fresh laser pulse must be coupled in for the second stage to post accelerate the electrons. To do this while maintaining a short scale length between the two stages requires an optic to be placed near the final focus of the second laser pulse. Because damage will occur when the laser pulse interacts with a steering optic near focus, the coupling optic must be capable of replacing the surface following damage on each successive shot. This thesis comprises a detailed investigation of the physics of using a plasma mirror (PM) from a tape by reflecting ultrashort pulses from a laser-triggered surface plasma. The tapes used in the characterization of the PM are VHS and computer data storage tape. The tapes are 6.6 m (computer storage tape) and 15 m (VHS) thick. Each tape is 0.5 inches wide, and 10s of meters of tape are spooled using a tape drive; providing thousands of shots on a single reel of tape. The amount of reflected energy of the PM was studied for different input intensities. The fluence was varied by translating the focus of the laser upstream and downstream of the tape, which changed the spot size on the tape surface and hence changed the fluence. This study measured reflectances from both sides of the two tapes, and for input light of both s and p-polarizations. Lastly, an analytic model was developed to understand the reflectance as a function of fluence for each tape material and polarization. Another application that benefits from the advancements of LPA technology is an LPAbased FEL. By sending a high quality electron bunch through an undulator (a periodic structure of positive and negative magnetic poles), the electrons oscillate transversely to the propagation axis and produce radiation. The 1.5 m THUNDER undulator [4] at the BELLA Center has been commissioned using electron beams of 400MeV beams with broad energy spread (35%) [5]. To produce a coherent LPA-based FEL, the beam quality would need to improve to sub-percent level energy spread. A seed source could be used to help induce bunching of the electron beam within the undulator. This thesis described the experimental investigation of the physics of using solid-based surface high-harmonic generation (SHHG) from a thin tape as a possible seed source for an FEL. A thin tape placed within centimeters of the undulator's entrance could act as a harmonic generating source, while simultaneously transmitting an electron beam. This removes the need for transport optics for the XUV photons and the need for additional optics to overlap the seed beam with the electron beam at the undulator entrance. By operating at sub-relativistic laser strengths, harmonics up to the 17th order of 800 nm light are produced using an SHHG technique known as coherent wake emission (CWE). CWE pulse properties such as divergence, energy, conversion efficiency, and spectrum are measured for a wide range of tape materials and drive laser conditions. A clear correlation between surface roughness and harmonic beam divergence is found. The measured pulse properties for the 15th harmonic from VHS tape (conversion efficiency 6.5x10^-7 and an rms divergence of 12 mrad), the 100 mJ-level, 40-50 fs-class drive laser, produces peak powers of several MW's of XUV pulses. The results of a 1D model indicate that these CWE pulses with MW level powers are sufficient for seed-induced FEL gain.
Book Synopsis Theory and Modeling of Petawatt Laser Pulse Propagation in Low Density Plasmas by :
Download or read book Theory and Modeling of Petawatt Laser Pulse Propagation in Low Density Plasmas written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Report describing accomplishments in all-optical control of self-injection in laser-plasma accelerators and in developing advanced numerical models of laser-plasma interactions. All-optical approaches to controlling electron self-injection and beam formation in laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) were explored. It was demonstrated that control over the laser pulse evolution is the key ingredient in the generation of low-background, low-phase-space-volume electron beams. To this end, preserving a smooth laser pulse envelope throughout the acceleration process can be achieved through tuning the phase and amplitude of the incident pulse. A negative frequency chirp compensates the frequency red- shift accumulated due to wake excitation, preventing evolution of the pulse into a relativistic optical shock. This reduces the ponderomotive force exerted on quiescent plasma electrons, suppressing expansion of the bubble and continuous injection of background electrons, thereby reducing the charge in the low-energy tail by an order of magnitude. Slowly raising the density in the pulse propagation direction locks electrons in the accelerating phase, boosting their energy, keeping continuous injection at a low level, tripling the brightness of the quasi-monoenergetic component. Additionally, propagating the negatively chirped pulse in a plasma channel suppresses diffraction of the pulse leading edge, further reducing continuous injection. As a side effect, oscillations of the pulse tail may be enhanced, leading to production of low-background, polychromatic electron beams. Such beams, consisting of quasi-monoenergetic components with controllable energy and energy separation, may be useful as drivers of polychromatic x-rays based on Thomson backscattering. These all-optical methods of electron beam quality control are critically important for the development of future compact, high-repetition-rate, GeV-scale LPA using 10 TW-class, ultra-high bandwidth pulses and mm-scale, dense plasmas. These results emphasize that investment into new pulse amplification techniques allowing for ultrahigh frequency bandwidth, is as important for the design of future LPA as are the current efforts directed to increasing the pulse energy.
Book Synopsis Advanced Accelerator Concepts by : Manoel Conde
Download or read book Advanced Accelerator Concepts written by Manoel Conde and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This workshop covered the general field of advanced particle accelerators, exploring the science and technology of a multitude of novel acceleration schemes. Various schemes under study utilize combinations of plasmas, laser beams, dielectric materials, and RF power. The development of technologies that will enable the design of future high energy physics machines is the underlying goal of this workshop.
Book Synopsis Laser Plasma Accelerators for Charged Particles by : Kay-Uwe Amthor
Download or read book Laser Plasma Accelerators for Charged Particles written by Kay-Uwe Amthor and published by . This book was released on 2007-04 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to accelerate charged particles, electric fields have to be applied. The highest electric fields reached in radio frequency particle accelerators are of the order of 10 MV/m. This field poses an upper limit for conventional accelerator technology because for higher fields the electrodes will be ionized. What if this limit is circumvented and the electric field is build up in an already ionized medium? The idea of using laser generated plasmas for particle acceleration has been conceived about 25 years ago, and is currently a very active and fascinating subject in theoretical and experimental physics. In a plasma the maximum attainable electric fields are of the order of 1000 GV/m, five orders of magnitude larger than for RF accelerators. The dimensions to generate high energy particles shrink from kilometers to millimeters. Therefore, laser plasma acceleration may become an attractive future option for particle acceleration. In this work experimental contributions to the generation of particle beams from laser plasmas are presented. Electron beams with improved parameters, and the first quasi monoenergetic proton beams have been generated and investigated utilizing a compact table top laser system at the Jena laser facility. These experiments are described and discussed in this book.
Book Synopsis Study of Relativistic Electrons Generated from Ultra-intense Laser-plasma Interaction Relevant to Laser Wakefield Acceleration and Fast Ignition Laser Fusion by : Mianzhen Mo
Download or read book Study of Relativistic Electrons Generated from Ultra-intense Laser-plasma Interaction Relevant to Laser Wakefield Acceleration and Fast Ignition Laser Fusion written by Mianzhen Mo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ultra-intense (> 10^18 W/cm^2) laser interaction with matter is capable of producing relativistic electrons which have a variety of applications in scientific and medical research. Knowledge of various aspects of these hot electrons is important in harnessing them for various applications. Of particular interest for this thesis is the investigation of hot electrons generated in the areas of Laser Wakefield Acceleration (LWFA) and Fast Ignition (FI). LWFA is a physical process in which electrons are accelerated by the strong longitudinal electrostatic fields that are formed inside the plasma cavities or wakes produced by the propagation of an ultra-intense laser pulse through an under-dense plasma. The accelerating E-fields inside the cavities are 1000 times higher than those of conventional particle accelerators and can accelerate electrons to the relativistic regime in a very short distance, on the order of a few millimeters. In addition, Betatron X-ray radiation can be produced from LWFA as a result of the transverse oscillations of the relativistic electrons inside the laser wakefield driven cavity. The pulse duration of Betatron radiation can be as short as a few femtoseconds, making it an ideal probe for measuring physical phenomena taking place on the time scale of femtoseconds. Experimental research on the electron acceleration of the LWFA has been conducted in this thesis and has led to the generation of mono-energetic electron bunches with peak energies ranging from a few hundreds of MeV to 1 GeV. In addition, the Betatron radiation emitted from LWFA was successfully characterized based on a technique of reflection off a grazing incidence mirror. Furthermore, we have developed a Betatron X-ray probe beamline based on the technique of K-shell absorption spectroscopy to directly measure the temporal evolution of the ionization states of warm dense aluminum. With this, we have achieved for the first time direct measurements of the ionization states of warm dense aluminum using Betatron X-ray radiation probing. Fast Ignition (FI) is an advanced scheme for inertial confinement fusion (ICF), in which the fuel ignition process is decoupled from its compression. Comparing with the conventional central hot-spot scheme for ICF, FI has the advantages of lower ignition threshold and higher gain. The success of FI relies on efficient energy coupling from the heating laser pulse to the hot electrons and subsequent transport of their energy to the compressed fuel. As a secondary part of this thesis, the transport of hot electrons in overdense plasma relevant to FI was studied. In particular, the effect of resistive layers within the target on the hot electron divergence and absorption was investigated. Experimental measurements were carried out and compared to simulations indicating minimal effect on the beam divergence but some attenuation through higher atomic number intermediate layers was observed.
Book Synopsis Laser-plasma Interactions Used for the Acceleration of Electrons by : Evan Stuart Dodd
Download or read book Laser-plasma Interactions Used for the Acceleration of Electrons written by Evan Stuart Dodd and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics by : National Research Council
Download or read book Frontiers in High Energy Density Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-11 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent scientific and technical advances have made it possible to create matter in the laboratory under conditions relevant to astrophysical systems such as supernovae and black holes. These advances will also benefit inertial confinement fusion research and the nation's nuclear weapon's program. The report describes the major research facilities on which such high energy density conditions can be achieved and lists a number of key scientific questions about high energy density physics that can be addressed by this research. Several recommendations are presented that would facilitate the development of a comprehensive strategy for realizing these research opportunities.
Book Synopsis Laser Wakefield Electron Acceleration by : Karl Schmid
Download or read book Laser Wakefield Electron Acceleration written by Karl Schmid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-18 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis covers the few-cycle laser-driven acceleration of electrons in a laser-generated plasma. This process, known as laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA), relies on strongly driven plasma waves for the generation of accelerating gradients in the vicinity of several 100 GV/m, a value four orders of magnitude larger than that attainable by conventional accelerators. This thesis demonstrates that laser pulses with an ultrashort duration of 8 fs and a peak power of 6 TW allow the production of electron energies up to 50 MeV via LWFA. The special properties of laser accelerated electron pulses, namely the ultrashort pulse duration, the high brilliance, and the high charge density, open up new possibilities in many applications of these electron beams.
Book Synopsis Laser-Plasma Interactions by : Dino A. Jaroszynski
Download or read book Laser-Plasma Interactions written by Dino A. Jaroszynski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Solid Compendium of Advanced Diagnostic and Simulation ToolsExploring the most exciting and topical areas in this field, Laser-Plasma Interactions focuses on the interaction of intense laser radiation with plasma. After discussing the basic theory of the interaction of intense electromagnetic radiation fields with matter, the book covers three ap
Book Synopsis Laser-plasma Electron Accelerators and Nonlinear, Relativistic Optics by : Robert Loren Wagner
Download or read book Laser-plasma Electron Accelerators and Nonlinear, Relativistic Optics written by Robert Loren Wagner and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Characterisation of Laser Plasma Wakefield Accelerated Electrons by : Richard P. Shanks
Download or read book Comprehensive Characterisation of Laser Plasma Wakefield Accelerated Electrons written by Richard P. Shanks and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes the first experimental diagnosis of all of the key parameters of mono-energetic, laser wakefield accelerated electrons from a single driving laser, such as charge, transverse emittance, energy spread and bunch length. All of the experiments utilise the 35 fs, 45 TW, TOPS laser on the ALPHA-X beam line. Electron beam energy spectra have been measured using a high resolution magnetic spectrometer. These electrons have an average peak energy of 83 1.3 MeV. The narrowest measured energy spread is sg=g = 0:8 % which is deconvoluted to 0.5 %. This deconvoluted energy spread sets an upper limit to the bunch length of 0.3 mm due to the curve of the electrostatic potential in the accelerating bubble. This short bunch length is confirmed with the use of coherent transition radiation, used to measured a bunch length of 1.6 0.8 fs after 1 m of propagation which is shown to be
