Quantitative Modeling Of Operational Risk In Finance And Banking Using Possibility Theory

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Quantitative Modeling of Operational Risk in Finance and Banking Using Possibility Theory

Author : Arindam Chaudhuri
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319260391
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Modeling of Operational Risk in Finance and Banking Using Possibility Theory by : Arindam Chaudhuri

Download or read book Quantitative Modeling of Operational Risk in Finance and Banking Using Possibility Theory written by Arindam Chaudhuri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-31 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive guide to the modelling of operational risk using possibility theory. It provides a set of methods for measuring operational risks under a certain degree of vagueness and impreciseness, as encountered in real-life data. It shows how possibility theory and indeterminate uncertainty-encompassing degrees of belief can be applied in analysing the risk function, and describes the parametric g-and-h distribution associated with extreme value theory as an interesting candidate in this regard. The book offers a complete assessment of fuzzy methods for determining both value at risk (VaR) and subjective value at risk (SVaR), together with a stability estimation of VaR and SVaR. Based on the simulation studies and case studies reported on here, the possibilistic quantification of risk performs consistently better than the probabilistic model. Risk is evaluated by integrating two fuzzy techniques: the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy extension of techniques for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution. Because of its specialized content, it is primarily intended for postgraduates and researchers with a basic knowledge of algebra and calculus, and can be used as reference guide for research-level courses on fuzzy sets, possibility theory and mathematical finance. The book also offers a useful source of information for banking and finance professionals investigating different risk-related aspects.

Operational Risk Modeling in Financial Services

Author : Patrick Naim
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119508509
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Operational Risk Modeling in Financial Services by : Patrick Naim

Download or read book Operational Risk Modeling in Financial Services written by Patrick Naim and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-05-28 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transform your approach to oprisk modelling with a proven, non-statistical methodology Operational Risk Modeling in Financial Services provides risk professionals with a forward-looking approach to risk modelling, based on structured management judgement over obsolete statistical methods. Proven over a decade’s use in significant banks and financial services firms in Europe and the US, the Exposure, Occurrence, Impact (XOI) method of operational risk modelling played an instrumental role in reshaping their oprisk modelling approaches; in this book, the expert team that developed this methodology offers practical, in-depth guidance on XOI use and applications for a variety of major risks. The Basel Committee has dismissed statistical approaches to risk modelling, leaving regulators and practitioners searching for the next generation of oprisk quantification. The XOI method is ideally suited to fulfil this need, as a calculated, coordinated, consistent approach designed to bridge the gap between risk quantification and risk management. This book details the XOI framework and provides essential guidance for practitioners looking to change the oprisk modelling paradigm. Survey the range of current practices in operational risk analysis and modelling Track recent regulatory trends including capital modelling, stress testing and more Understand the XOI oprisk modelling method, and transition away from statistical approaches Apply XOI to major operational risks, such as disasters, fraud, conduct, legal and cyber risk The financial services industry is in dire need of a new standard — a proven, transformational approach to operational risk that eliminates or mitigates the common issues with traditional approaches. Operational Risk Modeling in Financial Services provides practical, real-world guidance toward a more reliable methodology, shifting the conversation toward the future with a new kind of oprisk modelling.

The Validation of Risk Models

Author : S. Scandizzo
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137436964
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (374 download)

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Book Synopsis The Validation of Risk Models by : S. Scandizzo

Download or read book The Validation of Risk Models written by S. Scandizzo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a one-stop-shop reference for risk management practitioners involved in the validation of risk models. It is a comprehensive manual about the tools, techniques and processes to be followed, focused on all the models that are relevant in the capital requirements and supervisory review of large international banks.

Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling

Author : Gareth W. Peters
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118909542
Total Pages : 667 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling by : Gareth W. Peters

Download or read book Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling written by Gareth W. Peters and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 667 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ADVANCES IN HEAVY TAILED RISK MODELING A cutting-edge guide for the theories, applications, and statistical methodologies essential to heavy tailed risk modeling Focusing on the quantitative aspects of heavy tailed loss processes in operational risk and relevant insurance analytics, Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling: A Handbook of Operational Risk presents comprehensive coverage of the latest research on the theories and applications in risk measurement and modeling techniques. Featuring a unique balance of mathematical and statistical perspectives, the handbook begins by introducing the motivation for heavy tailed risk processes. A companion with Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics: A Handbook of Operational Risk, the handbook provides a complete framework for all aspects of operational risk management and includes: Clear coverage on advanced topics such as splice loss models, extreme value theory, heavy tailed closed form loss distribution approach models, flexible heavy tailed risk models, risk measures, and higher order asymptotic approximations of risk measures for capital estimation An exploration of the characterization and estimation of risk and insurance modeling, which includes sub-exponential models, alpha-stable models, and tempered alpha stable models An extended discussion of the core concepts of risk measurement and capital estimation as well as the details on numerical approaches to evaluation of heavy tailed loss process model capital estimates Numerous detailed examples of real-world methods and practices of operational risk modeling used by both financial and non-financial institutions Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling: A Handbook of Operational Risk is an excellent reference for risk management practitioners, quantitative analysts, financial engineers, and risk managers. The handbook is also useful for graduate-level courses on heavy tailed processes, advanced risk management, and actuarial science.

Quantitative Operational Risk Models

Author : Catalina Bolance
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439895937
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Operational Risk Models by : Catalina Bolance

Download or read book Quantitative Operational Risk Models written by Catalina Bolance and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-02-15 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using real-life examples from the banking and insurance industries, Quantitative Operational Risk Models details how internal data can be improved based on external information of various kinds. Using a simple and intuitive methodology based on classical transformation methods, the book includes real-life examples of the combination of internal dat

Measuring and Managing Operational Risk

Author : Paola Leone
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319694103
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring and Managing Operational Risk by : Paola Leone

Download or read book Measuring and Managing Operational Risk written by Paola Leone and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-26 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers Operational Risk Management (ORM), in the current context, and its new role in the risk management field. The concept of operational risk is subject to a wide discussion also in the field of ORM’s literature, which has increased throughout the years. By analyzing different methodologies that try to integrate qualitative and quantitative data or different measurement approaches, the authors explore the methodological framework, the assumptions, statistical tool, and the main results of an operational risk model projected by intermediaries. A guide for academics and students, the book also discusses the avenue of mitigation acts, suggested by the main results of the methodologies applied. The book will appeal to students, academics, and financial supervisory and regulatory authorities.

Modeling, Measuring and Hedging Operational Risk

Author : Marcelo G. Cruz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling, Measuring and Hedging Operational Risk by : Marcelo G. Cruz

Download or read book Modeling, Measuring and Hedging Operational Risk written by Marcelo G. Cruz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-03-12 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Worldwide banks are keen to find ways of effectively measuring and managing operational risk , yet many find themselves poorly equipped to do this. Operational risk includes concerns about such issues as transaction processing errors, liability situations, and back-office failure. Measuring and Modelling Operational Risk focuses on the measuring and modelling techniques banks and investment companies need to quantify operational risk and provides practical, sensible solutions for doing so. * Author is one of the leading experts in the field of operational risk. * Interest in the field is growing rapidly and this is the only book that focuses on the quantitative measuring and modelling of operational risk. * Includes case vignettes and real-world examples based on the author's extensive experience.

Measuring Operational and Reputational Risk

Author : Aldo Soprano
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470742119
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring Operational and Reputational Risk by : Aldo Soprano

Download or read book Measuring Operational and Reputational Risk written by Aldo Soprano and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-03 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How to apply operational risk theory to real-life banking data Modelling Operational and Reputational Risks shows practitioners the best models to use in a given situation, according to the type of risk an organization is facing. Based on extensive applied research on operational risk models using real bank datasets, it offers a wide range of various testing models and fitting techniques for financial practitioners. With this book, professionals will have a foundation for measuring and predicting these important intangibles. Aldo Soprano (Madrid, Spain) is Group Head of operational risk management at UniCredit Group.

Modelling Operational Risk Using Bayesian Inference

Author : Pavel V. Shevchenko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642159230
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Modelling Operational Risk Using Bayesian Inference by : Pavel V. Shevchenko

Download or read book Modelling Operational Risk Using Bayesian Inference written by Pavel V. Shevchenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The management of operational risk in the banking industry has undergone explosive changes over the last decade due to substantial changes in the operational environment. Globalization, deregulation, the use of complex financial products, and changes in information technology have resulted in exposure to new risks which are very different from market and credit risks. In response, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has developed a new regulatory framework for capital measurement and standards for the banking sector. This has formally defined operational risk and introduced corresponding capital requirements. Many banks are undertaking quantitative modelling of operational risk using the Loss Distribution Approach (LDA) based on statistical quantification of the frequency and severity of operational risk losses. There are a number of unresolved methodological challenges in the LDA implementation. Overall, the area of quantitative operational risk is very new and different methods are under hot debate. This book is devoted to quantitative issues in LDA. In particular, the use of Bayesian inference is the main focus. Though it is very new in this area, the Bayesian approach is well suited for modelling operational risk, as it allows for a consistent and convenient statistical framework for quantifying the uncertainties involved. It also allows for the combination of expert opinion with historical internal and external data in estimation procedures. These are critical, especially for low-frequency/high-impact operational risks. This book is aimed at practitioners in risk management, academic researchers in financial mathematics, banking industry regulators and advanced graduate students in the area. It is a must-read for anyone who works, teaches or does research in the area of financial risk.

Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics

Author : Marcelo G. Cruz
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118573021
Total Pages : 928 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics by : Marcelo G. Cruz

Download or read book Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics written by Marcelo G. Cruz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-01-20 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A one-stop guide for the theories, applications, and statistical methodologies essential to operational risk Providing a complete overview of operational risk modeling and relevant insurance analytics, Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics: A Handbook of Operational Risk offers a systematic approach that covers the wide range of topics in this area. Written by a team of leading experts in the field, the handbook presents detailed coverage of the theories, applications, and models inherent in any discussion of the fundamentals of operational risk, with a primary focus on Basel II/III regulation, modeling dependence, estimation of risk models, and modeling the data elements. Fundamental Aspects of Operational Risk and Insurance Analytics: A Handbook of Operational Risk begins with coverage on the four data elements used in operational risk framework as well as processing risk taxonomy. The book then goes further in-depth into the key topics in operational risk measurement and insurance, for example diverse methods to estimate frequency and severity models. Finally, the book ends with sections on specific topics, such as scenario analysis; multifactor modeling; and dependence modeling. A unique companion with Advances in Heavy Tailed Risk Modeling: A Handbook of Operational Risk, the handbook also features: Discussions on internal loss data and key risk indicators, which are both fundamental for developing a risk-sensitive framework Guidelines for how operational risk can be inserted into a firm’s strategic decisions A model for stress tests of operational risk under the United States Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) program A valuable reference for financial engineers, quantitative analysts, risk managers, and large-scale consultancy groups advising banks on their internal systems, the handbook is also useful for academics teaching postgraduate courses on the methodology of operational risk.

Financial Ecosystem and Strategy in the Digital Era

Author : Umit Hacioglu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303072624X
Total Pages : 450 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Financial Ecosystem and Strategy in the Digital Era by : Umit Hacioglu

Download or read book Financial Ecosystem and Strategy in the Digital Era written by Umit Hacioglu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses and discusses current issues and trends in finance with a special focus on technological developments and innovations. The book presents an overview of the classical and traditional approaches of financial management in companies and discusses its key strategic role in corporate performance. Furthermore, the volume illustrates how the emerging technological innovations will shape the theory and practice of financial management, focusing especially on the decentralized financial ecosystems that blockchain and its related technologies allow.

Quantitative Financial Risk Management

Author : Constantin Zopounidis
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118738225
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantitative Financial Risk Management by : Constantin Zopounidis

Download or read book Quantitative Financial Risk Management written by Constantin Zopounidis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Comprehensive Guide to Quantitative Financial Risk Management Written by an international team of experts in the field, Quantitative Financial Risk Management: Theory and Practice provides an invaluable guide to the most recent and innovative research on the topics of financial risk management, portfolio management, credit risk modeling, and worldwide financial markets. This comprehensive text reviews the tools and concepts of financial management that draw on the practices of economics, accounting, statistics, econometrics, mathematics, stochastic processes, and computer science and technology. Using the information found in Quantitative Financial Risk Management can help professionals to better manage, monitor, and measure risk, especially in today's uncertain world of globalization, market volatility, and geo-political crisis. Quantitative Financial Risk Management delivers the information, tools, techniques, and most current research in the critical field of risk management. This text offers an essential guide for quantitative analysts, financial professionals, and academic scholars.

Operational Risk

Author : Harry H. Panjer
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0471760897
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (717 download)

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Book Synopsis Operational Risk by : Harry H. Panjer

Download or read book Operational Risk written by Harry H. Panjer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-07-28 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how to optimize business strategies from both qualitative and quantitative points of view Operational Risk: Modeling Analytics is organized around the principle that the analysis of operational risk consists, in part, of the collection of data and the building of mathematical models to describe risk. This book is designed to provide risk analysts with a framework of the mathematical models and methods used in the measurement and modeling of operational risk in both the banking and insurance sectors. Beginning with a foundation for operational risk modeling and a focus on the modeling process, the book flows logically to discussion of probabilistic tools for operational risk modeling and statistical methods for calibrating models of operational risk. Exercises are included in chapters involving numerical computations for students' practice and reinforcement of concepts. Written by Harry Panjer, one of the foremost authorities in the world on risk modeling and its effects in business management, this is the first comprehensive book dedicated to the quantitative assessment of operational risk using the tools of probability, statistics, and actuarial science. In addition to providing great detail of the many probabilistic and statistical methods used in operational risk, this book features: * Ample exercises to further elucidate the concepts in the text * Definitive coverage of distribution functions and related concepts * Models for the size of losses * Models for frequency of loss * Aggregate loss modeling * Extreme value modeling * Dependency modeling using copulas * Statistical methods in model selection and calibration Assuming no previous expertise in either operational risk terminology or in mathematical statistics, the text is designed for beginning graduate-level courses on risk and operational management or enterprise risk management. This book is also useful as a reference for practitioners in both enterprise risk management and risk and operational management.

Banking Systems Simulation

Author : Stefano Zedda
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119195918
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Banking Systems Simulation by : Stefano Zedda

Download or read book Banking Systems Simulation written by Stefano Zedda and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents information sources and methodologies for modeling and simulating banking system stability Combining both academic and institutional knowledge and experience, Banking Systems Simulation: Theory, Practice, and Application of Modeling Shocks, Losses, and Contagion presents banking system risk modeling clearly within a theoretical framework. Written from the global financial perspective, the book explores single bank risk, common bank exposures, and contagion, and how these apply on a systemic level. Zedda approaches these simulation methods logically by providing the basic building blocks of modeling and simulation, and then delving further into the individual techniques that make up a systems model. In addition, the author provides clear and detailed explanations of the foundational research into the mathematical and legal concepts used to analyze banking risk problems, measures and data for representing the main banking risk sources, and the major problems researchers are likely to encounter. There are numerous software descriptions throughout, with references and tools to help readers gain a proper understanding of the presented techniques and possibly develop new applications and research. The book concludes with an appendix that features real-world datasets and models. In addition, this book: • Provides a comprehensive overview of methods for analyzing models and simulating risk for banking and financial systems • Provides a clear presentation of the technical and legal concepts used in banking regulation • Presents unique insights from an expert’s perspective, with specific coverage of assessing risks and developing what-if analyses at the systems level • Concludes with a discussion of applications, including banking systems regulation what-if tests, cost-benefit analysis, evaluations of banking systems stability effects on public finances, dimensioning, and risk-based contributions for Deposit Guarantee Schemes (DGS) and Resolution Funds Banking Systems Simulation: Theory, Practice, and Application of Modeling Shocks, Losses, and Contagion is ideal for banking researchers focusing on computational methods of analysis as well as an appropriate reference for graduate-level students in banking, finance, and computational methods. Stefano Zedda is Researcher in Financial Mathematics at the University of Cagliari in Italy and qualified as associate professor in banking and corporate finance. His research is mainly focused on quantitative analyses for banking and finance, with a particular focus on banking systems modeling and simulation. In 2008, Zedda developed the mathematical modeling and software implementation of the Systemic Model for Banking Originated Losses (SYMBOL), further developed during his activity at the European Commission. The Commission subsequently adopted it as a standard tool for testing banking regulation proposals. Stefano Zedda’s research interests include banking, financial mathematics, and statistics, specifically simulation of banking and financial systems stability, banking regulation impact assessment, and interactive agent simulation.

Scenario Analysis in Risk Management

Author : Bertrand K. Hassani
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319250566
Total Pages : 171 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Scenario Analysis in Risk Management by : Bertrand K. Hassani

Download or read book Scenario Analysis in Risk Management written by Bertrand K. Hassani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on identifying and explaining the key determinants of scenario analysis in the context of operational risk, stress testing and systemic risk, as well as management and planning. Each chapter presents alternative solutions to perform reliable scenario analysis. The author also provides technical notes and describes applications and key characteristics for each of the solutions. In addition, the book includes a section to help practitioners interpret the results and adjust them to real-life management activities. Methodologies, including those derived from consensus strategies, extreme value theory, Bayesian networks, Neural networks, Fault Trees, frequentist statistics and data mining are introduced in such a way as to make them understandable to readers without a quantitative background. Particular emphasis is given to the added value of the implementation of these methodologies.

The Analytics of Risk Model Validation

Author : George A. Christodoulakis
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080553885
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis The Analytics of Risk Model Validation by : George A. Christodoulakis

Download or read book The Analytics of Risk Model Validation written by George A. Christodoulakis and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-11-14 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk model validation is an emerging and important area of research, and has arisen because of Basel I and II. These regulatory initiatives require trading institutions and lending institutions to compute their reserve capital in a highly analytic way, based on the use of internal risk models. It is part of the regulatory structure that these risk models be validated both internally and externally, and there is a great shortage of information as to best practise. Editors Christodoulakis and Satchell collect papers that are beginning to appear by regulators, consultants, and academics, to provide the first collection that focuses on the quantitative side of model validation. The book covers the three main areas of risk: Credit Risk and Market and Operational Risk.*Risk model validation is a requirement of Basel I and II *The first collection of papers in this new and developing area of research *International authors cover model validation in credit, market, and operational risk

Essays in Quantitative Risk Management for Financial Regulation of Operational Risk Models

Author : Pavan Aroda
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (136 download)

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Book Synopsis Essays in Quantitative Risk Management for Financial Regulation of Operational Risk Models by : Pavan Aroda

Download or read book Essays in Quantitative Risk Management for Financial Regulation of Operational Risk Models written by Pavan Aroda and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An extensive amount of evolving guidance and rules are provided to banks by financial regulators. A particular set of instructions outline requirements to calculate and set aside loss-absorbing regulatory capital to ensure the solvency of a bank. Mathematical models are typically used by banks to quantify sufficient amounts of capital. In this thesis, we explore areas that advance our knowledge in regulatory risk management. In the first essay, we explore an aspect of operational risk loss modeling using scenario analysis. An actuarial modeling method is typically used to quantify a baseline capital value which is then layered with a judgemental component in order to account for and integrate what-if future potential losses into the model. We propose a method from digital signal processing using the convolution operator that views the problem of the blending of two signals. That is, a baseline loss distribution obtained from the modeling of frequency and severity of internal losses is combined with a probability distribution obtained from scenario responses to yield a final output that integrates both sets of information. In the second essay, we revisit scenario analysis and the potential impact of catastrophic events to that of the enterprise level of a bank. We generalize an algorithm to account for multiple level of intensities of events together with unique loss profiles depending on the business units effected. In the third essay, we investigate the problem of allocating aggregate capital across sub-portfolios in a fair manner when there are various forms of interdependencies. Relevant to areas of market, credit and operational risk, the multivariate shortfall allocation problem quantifies the optimal amount of capital needed to ensure that the expected loss under a convex loss penalty function remains bounded by a threshold. We first provide an application of the existing methodology to a subset of high frequency loss cells. Lastly, we provide an extension using copula models which allows for the modeling of joint fat-tailed events or asymmetries in the underlying process.