Quality Assessment Of Research

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Finding What Works in Health Care

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309164257
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Finding What Works in Health Care by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Finding What Works in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research.

Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields

Author : Leanne Marie Kmet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781896956770
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields by : Leanne Marie Kmet

Download or read book Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields written by Leanne Marie Kmet and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper arose in response to a gap in the literature and a need on the part of health science researchers for a standard reproducible criteria for simultaneously critically appraising the quality of a wide range of studies. The paper is meant to stimulate discussion about how to further advance the capacity of researchers to effectively conduct the critical appraisals. It is hoped that researchers will continue to test the validity of and refine the "Qualsyst" tool which is described in this paper.

Handbook of EHealth Evaluation

Author : Francis Yin Yee Lau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781550586015
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of EHealth Evaluation by : Francis Yin Yee Lau

Download or read book Handbook of EHealth Evaluation written by Francis Yin Yee Lau and published by . This book was released on 2016-11 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To order please visit https://onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca/press/books/ordering/

How to Read a Paper

Author : Trisha Greenhalgh
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111880113X
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis How to Read a Paper by : Trisha Greenhalgh

Download or read book How to Read a Paper written by Trisha Greenhalgh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best-selling introduction to evidence-based medicine In a clear and engaging style, How to Read a Paper demystifies evidence-based medicine and explains how to critically appraise published research and also put the findings into practice. An ideal introduction to evidence-based medicine, How to Read a Paper explains what to look for in different types of papers and how best to evaluate the literature and then implement the findings in an evidence-based, patient-centred way. Helpful checklist summaries of the key points in each chapter provide a useful framework for applying the principles of evidence-based medicine in everyday practice. This fifth edition has been fully updated with new examples and references to reflect recent developments and current practice. It also includes two new chapters on applying evidence-based medicine with patients and on the common criticisms of evidence-based medicine and responses. How to Read a Paper is a standard text for medical and nursing schools as well as a friendly guide for everyone wanting to teach or learn the basics of evidence-based medicine.

Assessing the Quality of Survey Data

Author : Jörg Blasius
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446258726
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing the Quality of Survey Data by : Jörg Blasius

Download or read book Assessing the Quality of Survey Data written by Jörg Blasius and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2012-02-21 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book for any researcher using any kind of survey data. It introduces the latest methods of assessing the quality and validity of such data by providing new ways of interpreting variation and measuring error. By practically and accessibly demonstrating these techniques, especially those derived from Multiple Correspondence Analysis, the authors develop screening procedures to search for variation in observed responses that do not correspond with actual differences between respondents. Using well-known international data sets, the authors exemplify how to detect all manner of non-substantive variation having sources such as a variety of response styles including acquiescence, respondents′ failure to understand questions, inadequate field work standards, interview fatigue, and even the manufacture of (partly) faked interviews.

Validity and Inter-Rater Reliability Testing of Quality Assessment Instruments

Author : U. S. Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781484077146
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (771 download)

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Book Synopsis Validity and Inter-Rater Reliability Testing of Quality Assessment Instruments by : U. S. Department of Health and Human Services

Download or read book Validity and Inter-Rater Reliability Testing of Quality Assessment Instruments written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internal validity of a study reflects the extent to which the design and conduct of the study have prevented bias(es). One of the key steps in a systematic review is assessment of a study's internal validity, or potential for bias. This assessment serves to: (1) identify the strengths and limitations of the included studies; (2) investigate, and potentially explain heterogeneity in findings across different studies included in a systematic review; and (3) grade the strength of evidence for a given question. The risk of bias assessment directly informs one of four key domains considered when assessing the strength of evidence. With the increase in the number of published systematic reviews and development of systematic review methodology over the past 15 years, close attention has been paid to the methods for assessing internal validity. Until recently this has been referred to as “quality assessment” or “assessment of methodological quality.” In this context “quality” refers to “the confidence that the trial design, conduct, and analysis has minimized or avoided biases in its treatment comparisons.” To facilitate the assessment of methodological quality, a plethora of tools has emerged. Some of these tools were developed for specific study designs (e.g., randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, case-control studies), while others were intended to be applied to a range of designs. The tools often incorporate characteristics that may be associated with bias; however, many tools also contain elements related to reporting (e.g., was the study population described) and design (e.g., was a sample size calculation performed) that are not related to bias. The Cochrane Collaboration recently developed a tool to assess the potential risk of bias in RCTs. The Risk of Bias (ROB) tool was developed to address some of the shortcomings of existing quality assessment instruments, including over-reliance on reporting rather than methods. Several systematic reviews have catalogued and critiqued the numerous tools available to assess methodological quality, or risk of bias of primary studies. In summary, few existing tools have undergone extensive inter-rater reliability or validity testing. Moreover, the focus of much of the tool development or testing that has been done has been on criterion or face validity. Therefore it is unknown whether, or to what extent, the summary assessments based on these tools differentiate between studies with biased and unbiased results (i.e., studies that may over- or underestimate treatment effects). There is a clear need for inter-rater reliability testing of different tools in order to enhance consistency in their application and interpretation across different systematic reviews. Further, validity testing is essential to ensure that the tools being used can identify studies with biased results. Finally, there is a need to determine inter-rater reliability and validity in order to support the uptake and use of individual tools that are recommended by the systematic review community, and specifically the ROB tool within the Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC) Program. In this project we focused on two tools that are commonly used in systematic reviews. The Cochrane ROB tool was designed for RCTs and is the instrument recommended by The Cochrane Collaboration for use in systematic reviews of RCTs. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale is commonly used for nonrandomized studies, specifically cohort and case-control studies.

Systematic Reviews in Educational Research

Author : Olaf Zawacki-Richter
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3658276029
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (582 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Reviews in Educational Research by : Olaf Zawacki-Richter

Download or read book Systematic Reviews in Educational Research written by Olaf Zawacki-Richter and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this open access edited volume, international researchers of the field describe and discuss the systematic review method in its application to research in education. Alongside fundamental methodical considerations, reflections and practice examples are included and provide an introduction and overview on systematic reviews in education research.

Assessing Quality in Applied and Practice-based Research in Education

Author : John Furlong
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136800956
Total Pages : 143 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (368 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessing Quality in Applied and Practice-based Research in Education by : John Furlong

Download or read book Assessing Quality in Applied and Practice-based Research in Education written by John Furlong and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-27 with total page 143 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the challenges of assessing quality in applied and practice-based research in education. It offers various views on quality in applied and practice-based research and proposes ways in which qualitycriteria may reflect more closely the diversity of applied research and its complex entanglements with practice and policy.

Mixed Methods Research

Author : Daphne Watkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190297638
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Mixed Methods Research by : Daphne Watkins

Download or read book Mixed Methods Research written by Daphne Watkins and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-03 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finally, a practical guide to mixed methods research has been written with health and human services professionals in mind. Watkins and Gioia review the fundamentals of mixed methods research designs and the general suppositions of mixed methods procedures, look critically at mixed method studies and models that have already been employed in social work, and reflect on the contributions of this work to the field. But what is most important is that they lead the reader through considerations for the application of the mixed methods research in social work settings. The chapters of this book are structured so that readers can (figuratively) walk through the mixed methods research process using nine steps. Chapters one, five, and six provide supplemental material meant to serve as grounding for chapters two, three, and four, which outline nine steps in the mixed methods research process, and specific to social work research. This is a short and practical guide not just for learning about mixed methods research, but also doing it.

Research Assessment in the Humanities

Author : Michael Ochsner
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319290169
Total Pages : 249 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Research Assessment in the Humanities by : Michael Ochsner

Download or read book Research Assessment in the Humanities written by Michael Ochsner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses and discusses the recent developments for assessing research quality in the humanities and related fields in the social sciences. Research assessments in the humanities are highly controversial and the evaluation of humanities research is delicate. While citation-based research performance indicators are widely used in the natural and life sciences, quantitative measures for research performance meet strong opposition in the humanities. This volume combines the presentation of state-of-the-art projects on research assessments in the humanities by humanities scholars themselves with a description of the evaluation of humanities research in practice presented by research funders. Bibliometric issues concerning humanities research complete the exhaustive analysis of humanities research assessment. The selection of authors is well-balanced between humanities scholars, research funders, and researchers on higher education. Hence, the edited volume succeeds in painting a comprehensive picture of research evaluation in the humanities. This book is valuable to university and science policy makers, university administrators, research evaluators, bibliometricians as well as humanities scholars who seek expert knowledge in research evaluation in the humanities.

Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions

Author : Julian P. T. Higgins
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9780470699515
Total Pages : 672 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions by : Julian P. T. Higgins

Download or read book Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions written by Julian P. T. Higgins and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2008-11-24 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare providers, consumers, researchers and policy makers are inundated with unmanageable amounts of information, including evidence from healthcare research. It has become impossible for all to have the time and resources to find, appraise and interpret this evidence and incorporate it into healthcare decisions. Cochrane Reviews respond to this challenge by identifying, appraising and synthesizing research-based evidence and presenting it in a standardized format, published in The Cochrane Library (www.thecochranelibrary.com). The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions contains methodological guidance for the preparation and maintenance of Cochrane intervention reviews. Written in a clear and accessible format, it is the essential manual for all those preparing, maintaining and reading Cochrane reviews. Many of the principles and methods described here are appropriate for systematic reviews applied to other types of research and to systematic reviews of interventions undertaken by others. It is hoped therefore that this book will be invaluable to all those who want to understand the role of systematic reviews, critically appraise published reviews or perform reviews themselves.

Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment

Author : Beate Escher
Publisher : IWA Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1843393689
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (433 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment by : Beate Escher

Download or read book Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment written by Beate Escher and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of Water Quality Set - Buy all four books and save over 30% on buying separately! Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment reviews the application of bioanalytical tools to the assessment of water quality including surveillance monitoring. The types of water included range from wastewater to drinking water, including recycled water, as well as treatment processes and advanced water treatment. Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment not only demonstrates applications but also fills in the background knowledge in toxicology/ecotoxicology needed to appreciate these applications. Each chapter summarises fundamental material in a targeted way so that information can be applied to better understand the use of bioanalytical tools in water quality assessment. Bioanalytical tools in Water Quality Assessment can be used by lecturers teaching academic and professional courses and also by risk assessors, regulators, experts, consultants, researchers and managers working in the water sector. It can also be a reference manual for environmental engineers, analytical chemists, and toxicologists. Authors: Beate Escher, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), The University of Queensland, Australia, Frederic Leusch, Smart Water Research Facility (G51), Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Australia. With contributions by Heather Chapman and Anita Poulsen

Systematic Reviews in Health Care

Author : Matthias Egger
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470693142
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Reviews in Health Care by : Matthias Egger

Download or read book Systematic Reviews in Health Care written by Matthias Egger and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this best-selling book has been thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the significant changes and advances made in systematic reviewing. New features include discussion on the rationale, meta-analyses of prognostic and diagnostic studies and software, and the use of systematic reviews in practice.

Signal Quality Assessment in Physiological Monitoring

Author : Christina Orphanidou
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319684159
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Signal Quality Assessment in Physiological Monitoring by : Christina Orphanidou

Download or read book Signal Quality Assessment in Physiological Monitoring written by Christina Orphanidou and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-03 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in signal quality assessment techniques for physiological signals, and chiefly focuses on ECG (electrocardiography) and PPG (photoplethysmography) signals obtained from wearable sensors in ambulatory clinical settings. It presents the techniques currently proposed by leading researchers, as well as examples using data from clinical trials on wearable sensors for inpatient and outpatient settings. In addition, the book assesses current approaches through a practical lens by discussing the implications of deploying the various proposed systems for clinical practices and health outcomes. As such, it will be of considerable interest to both graduate students and researchers working to develop personalized healthcare applications, as well as physiological sensor software and hardware developers.

Managing Quality in Qualitative Research

Author : Uwe Flick
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1526426196
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (264 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Quality in Qualitative Research by : Uwe Flick

Download or read book Managing Quality in Qualitative Research written by Uwe Flick and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quality underpins the success (or failure) of any piece of qualitative research. In this book, Uwe Flick takes you through the steps in method and design to ensure quality and reliability throughout the entire research process. Showing hands-on what it means to ′manage′ quality, this book puts the spotlight on practical questions and steps researchers can use to continually interrogate, improve and demonstrate quality in your research.

Systematic Reviews in the Social Sciences

Author : Mark Petticrew
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1405150149
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Reviews in the Social Sciences by : Mark Petticrew

Download or read book Systematic Reviews in the Social Sciences written by Mark Petticrew and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Such diverse thinkers as Lao-Tze, Confucius, and U.S. Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld have all pointed out that we need to be able to tell the difference between real and assumed knowledge. The systematic review is a scientific tool that can help with this difficult task. It can help, for example, with appraising, summarising, and communicating the results and implications of otherwise unmanageable quantities of data. This book, written by two highly-respected social scientists, provides an overview of systematic literature review methods: Outlining the rationale and methods of systematic reviews; Giving worked examples from social science and other fields; Applying the practice to all social science disciplines; It requires no previous knowledge, but takes the reader through the process stage by stage; Drawing on examples from such diverse fields as psychology, criminology, education, transport, social welfare, public health, and housing and urban policy, among others. Including detailed sections on assessing the quality of both quantitative, and qualitative research; searching for evidence in the social sciences; meta-analytic and other methods of evidence synthesis; publication bias; heterogeneity; and approaches to dissemination.

Quality Assurance and Assessment Practices in Translation and Interpreting

Author : Huertas-Barros, Elsa
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 152255226X
Total Pages : 437 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Quality Assurance and Assessment Practices in Translation and Interpreting by : Huertas-Barros, Elsa

Download or read book Quality Assurance and Assessment Practices in Translation and Interpreting written by Huertas-Barros, Elsa and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of translation memories and machine translation have led to new quality assurance practices where translators have found themselves checking not only human translation but also machine translation outputs. As a result, the notions of revision and interpersonal competences have gained great importance with international projects recognizing them as high priorities. Quality Assurance and Assessment Practices in Translation and Interpreting is a critical scholarly resource that serves as a guide to overcoming the challenge of how translation and interpreting results should be observed, given feedback, and assessed. It also informs the design of new ways of evaluating students as well as suggesting criteria for professional quality control. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as quality management, translation tests, and competency-based assessments, this book is geared towards translators, interpreters, linguists, academicians, translation and interpreting researchers, and students seeking current research on the new ways of evaluating students as well as suggesting criteria for professional quality control in translation.