Purchasing Power Parities And Real Expenditures

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2017 International Comparison Program in Asia and the Pacific

Author : Asian Development Bank
Publisher : Asian Development Bank
ISBN 13 : 9292622005
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis 2017 International Comparison Program in Asia and the Pacific by : Asian Development Bank

Download or read book 2017 International Comparison Program in Asia and the Pacific written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides estimates of purchasing power parities (PPPs) and real expenditures for 22 economies in Asia and the Pacific. These are summary regional results from the 2017 cycle of the International Comparison Program (ICP), a global statistical initiative carried out under the auspices of the United Nations Statistical Commission. The report provides estimates of PPPs, real expenditures for total and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and its component expenditures derived using PPPs, and price level indexes showing relative costs of living. The PPPs enable comparison in real terms across economies by removing the price level differences among them.

Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities (2012 Edition)

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264189238
Total Pages : 448 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (641 download)

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Book Synopsis Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities (2012 Edition) by : OECD

Download or read book Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities (2012 Edition) written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2012-11-30 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual gives a complete, detailed and up-to-date description of the Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme, including its organisation, the various surveys carried out by participating countries and the ways PPPs are calculated and disseminated. It also provides guidance on the use of PPPs.

Measuring the Real Size of the World's Economy

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821397281
Total Pages : 697 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring the Real Size of the World's Economy by : World Bank

Download or read book Measuring the Real Size of the World's Economy written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013 with total page 697 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions"--T.p. verso.

Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities by :

Download or read book Eurostat-OECD Methodological Manual on Purchasing Power Parities written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eurostat, the OECD and 47 participating countries work together in establishing purchasing power parities, or PPPs, in order to compare the price and volume levels of the GDPs. This programme is called the Eurostat-OECD PPP Programme and the methodological manual provides a detailed description of it. The manual has three aims: first, to explain to practitioners in Eurostat, the OECD and the national statistical institutes how PPPs are compiled; second, to enable practitioners to advise on the use and interpretation of results to users; and third, to provide a point of reference accessible to teachers, students and other members of the general public interested in PPPs and related statistics. The manual has been jointly produced by the OECD, Eurostat and the members of a Manual Taskforce with delegates from 5 participating countries. The electronic version of the manual is made available on both the OECD and Eurostat websites.

International Comparisons of Real Product and Purchasing Power

Author : Irving B. Kravis
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis International Comparisons of Real Product and Purchasing Power by : Irving B. Kravis

Download or read book International Comparisons of Real Product and Purchasing Power written by Irving B. Kravis and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of the United Nations International Comparison Project (ICP) is to compare the purchasing power of currencies and the real gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of different countries. It is well known that the usual method of converting the GDPs of different countries to a common currency, usually U.S. dollars, at existing exchange rates is misleading because exchange rates do not necessarily reflect the purchasing power of currencies. The ICP has found that the purchasing power of a country's currency over GDP can be as much as three times its dollar exchange rate, and thus the real GDP per capita is three times the value shown in an exchange-rate conversion. The unsatisfactory nature of exchange-rate conversions has become even clearer in the past few years under the new regime of managed floating rates. Changes in exchange rates of as much as 20 percent within the space of a year have not been unusual even among major currencies.

Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264043462
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide by : OECD

Download or read book Handbook on Constructing Composite Indicators: Methodology and User Guide written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2008-08-22 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide for constructing and using composite indicators for policy makers, academics, the media and other interested parties. In particular, this handbook is concerned with indicators which compare and rank country performance.

Handbook of the International Comparison Programme

Author : United Nations. Statistical Office
Publisher : New York : United Nations
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the International Comparison Programme by : United Nations. Statistical Office

Download or read book Handbook of the International Comparison Programme written by United Nations. Statistical Office and published by New York : United Nations. This book was released on 1992 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the International Comparison Programme which intends to produce estimates, comparable in real terms, for the gross domestic product. Provides guidance for those working in national statistical offices on the Programme.

World Product and Income

Author : Irving B. Kravis
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801823602
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (236 download)

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Book Synopsis World Product and Income by : Irving B. Kravis

Download or read book World Product and Income written by Irving B. Kravis and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1982 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

PPP Strikes Back

Author : Mr. Haroon Mumtaz
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451895534
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis PPP Strikes Back by : Mr. Haroon Mumtaz

Download or read book PPP Strikes Back written by Mr. Haroon Mumtaz and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-04-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We show the importance of a dynamic aggregation bias in accounting for the PPP puzzle. We prove that established time-series and panel methods substantially exaggerate the persistence of real exchange rates because of heterogeneity in the dynamics of disaggregated relative prices. When heterogeneity is properly taken into account, estimates of the real exchange rate half-life fall dramatically, to little more than one year, or significantly below Rogoff''s "consensus view" of three to five years. We show that corrected estimates are consistent with plausible nominal rigidities, thus, arguably, solving the PPP puzzle.

The Role and Impact of Public-private Partnerships in Education

Author : Harry Anthony Patrinos
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821379038
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role and Impact of Public-private Partnerships in Education by : Harry Anthony Patrinos

Download or read book The Role and Impact of Public-private Partnerships in Education written by Harry Anthony Patrinos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book offers an overview of international examples, studies, and guidelines on how to create successful partnerships in education. PPPs can facilitate service delivery and lead to additional financing for the education sector as well as expanding equitable access and improving learning outcomes.

Handbook of US Consumer Economics

Author : Andrew Haughwout
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128135255
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of US Consumer Economics by : Andrew Haughwout

Download or read book Handbook of US Consumer Economics written by Andrew Haughwout and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-12 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of U.S. Consumer Economics presents a deep understanding on key, current topics and a primer on the landscape of contemporary research on the U.S. consumer. This volume reveals new insights into household decision-making on consumption and saving, borrowing and investing, portfolio allocation, demand of professional advice, and retirement choices. Nearly 70% of U.S. gross domestic product is devoted to consumption, making an understanding of the consumer a first order issue in macroeconomics. After all, understanding how households played an important role in the boom and bust cycle that led to the financial crisis and recent great recession is a key metric. - Introduces household finance by examining consumption and borrowing choices - Tackles macro-problems by observing new, original micro-data - Looks into the future of consumer spending by using data, not questionnaires

Purchasing Power Parity and Real Exchange Rates

Author : Mark P. Taylor
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317988205
Total Pages : 227 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Purchasing Power Parity and Real Exchange Rates by : Mark P. Taylor

Download or read book Purchasing Power Parity and Real Exchange Rates written by Mark P. Taylor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term Purchasing Power Parity may date from the early twentieth century, when it was coined by the Swedish economist Gustav Cassel, but the underlying concept had been enjoying varying degrees of success since its development in sixteenth century Spain. Even towards the end of the twentieth century, and especially since the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system of fixed exchange rates, PPP and the stability of real exchange rates continued to be the subject of academic debate. This volume brings together essays covering aspects of current thinking on Purchasing Power Parity, from the various ways in which to test for its existence, to its appearance in different economies around the world, to examinations of the explanations given when PPP does not appear to hold This book was published as a special issue of Applied Financial Economics. The academic editor of this journal is Mark P. Taylor.

Mastering the Risky Business of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure

Author : Manal Fouad
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513576569
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Mastering the Risky Business of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure by : Manal Fouad

Download or read book Mastering the Risky Business of Public-Private Partnerships in Infrastructure written by Manal Fouad and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-05-10 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investment in infrastructure can be a driving force of the economic recovery in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic in the context of shrinking fiscal space. Public-private partnerships (PPP) bring a promise of efficiency when carefully designed and managed, to avoid creating unnecessary fiscal risks. But fiscal illusions prevent an understanding the sources of fiscal risks, which arise in all infrastructure projects, and that in PPPs present specific characteristics that need to be addressed. PPP contracts are also affected by implicit fiscal risks when they are poorly designed, particularly when a government signs a PPP contract for a project with no financial sustainability. This paper reviews the advantages and inconveniences of PPPs, discusses the fiscal illusions affecting them, identifies a diversity of fiscal risks, and presents the essentials of PPP fiscal risk management.

A Tract on Monetary Reform

Author : John Maynard Keynes
Publisher : Cosimo Classics
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (321 download)

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Book Synopsis A Tract on Monetary Reform by : John Maynard Keynes

Download or read book A Tract on Monetary Reform written by John Maynard Keynes and published by Cosimo Classics. This book was released on 1923 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The long run is a misleading guide to current affairs. In the long run we are all dead." -John Maynard Keynes, A Tract on Monetary Reform (1923) A Tract on Monetary Reform (1923), by British economist John Maynard Keynes, is a masterly analysis of the world monetary situation at the beginning of the twentieth century. Keynes stated the importance of stable domestic prices and a stable currency for a strong economy, while arguing against the gold standard, which at that time was used for the US dollar and many other currencies. Britain abandoned the gold standard in 1931-after it had re-established it in 1925-and the United States abandoned the gold standard in 1933. A Tract on Monetary Reform is essential reading for anyone interested in Keynes' theories and for students of economics or economic history.

Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries

Author : Sebastian Edwards
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries by : Sebastian Edwards

Download or read book Exchange Rate Misalignment in Developing Countries written by Sebastian Edwards and published by Johns Hopkins University Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article analyzes the theory of equilibrium real exchange rates and defines misalignment as a deviation of the real exchange rate (RER) from its equilibrium level. The role of macroeconomic policies is then analyzed under three alternative nominal exchange rate regimes: predetermined nominal exchange rates; floating nominal rates; and dual or black market nominal exchange rates. This discussion points out how inconsistent macroeconomic policies often lead to real exchange rate misalignment. Corrective measures, including nominal devaluation and several alternative approaches, are then evaluated.

The Condition of Education, 2020

Author : Education Department
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781636710129
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis The Condition of Education, 2020 by : Education Department

Download or read book The Condition of Education, 2020 written by Education Department and published by . This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Condition of Education 2020 summarizes important developments and trends in education using the latest available data. The report presentsnumerous indicators on the status and condition of education. The indicators represent a consensus of professional judgment on the most significant national measures of the condition and progress of education for which accurate data are available. The Condition of Education includes an "At a Glance" section, which allows readers to quickly make comparisons across indicators, and a "Highlights" section, which captures key findings from each indicator. In addition, The Condition of Education contains a Reader's Guide, a Glossary, and a Guide to Sources that provide additional background information. Each indicator provides links to the source data tables used to produce the analyses.

Economy, Society and Public Policy

Author : The Core Team
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780198849841
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Economy, Society and Public Policy by : The Core Team

Download or read book Economy, Society and Public Policy written by The Core Team and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economy, Society, and Public Policy is a new way to learn economics. It is designed specifically for students studying social sciences, public policy, business studies, engineering and other disciplines who want to understand how the economy works and how it can be made to work better. Topical policy problems are used to motivate learning of key concepts and methods of economics. It engages, challenges and empowers students, and will provide them with the tools to articulate reasoned views on pressing policy problems. This project is the result of a worldwide collaboration between researchers, educators, and students who are committed to bringing the socially relevant insights of economics to a broader audience.KEY FEATURESESPP does not teach microeconomics as a body of knowledge separate from macroeconomicsStudents begin their study of economics by understanding that the economy is situated within society and the biosphereStudents study problems of identifying causation, not just correlation, through the use of natural experiments, lab experiments, and other quantitative methodsSocial interactions, modelled using simple game theory, and incomplete information, modelled using a series of principal-agent problems, are introduced from the beginning. As a result, phenomena studied by the other social sciences such as social norms and the exercise of power play a roleThe insights of diverse schools of thought, from Marx and the classical economists to Hayek and Schumpeter, play an integral part in the bookThe way economists think about public policy is central to ESPP. This is introduced in Units 2 and 3, rather than later in the course.