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Provisional Maps Of Thermal Areas In Yellowstone National Park Based On Satellite Thermal Infrared Imaging And Field Observations
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Book Synopsis Provisional Maps of Thermal Areas in Yellowstone National Park Based on Satellite Thermal Infrared Imaging and Field Observations by : R. Greg Vaughan
Download or read book Provisional Maps of Thermal Areas in Yellowstone National Park Based on Satellite Thermal Infrared Imaging and Field Observations written by R. Greg Vaughan and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maps that define the current distribution of geothermally heated ground are useful toward setting a baseline for thermal activity to better detect and understand future anomalous hydrothermal and (or) volcanic activity. Monitoring changes in the dynamic thermal areas also supports decisions regarding the development of Yellowstone National Park infrastructure, preservation and protection of park resources, and ensuring visitor safety. Because of the challenges associated with field-based monitoring of a large, complex geothermal system that is spread out over a large and remote area, satellite-based thermal infrared images from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) were used to map the location and spatial extent of active thermal areas, to generate thermal anomaly maps, and to quantify the radiative component of the total geothermal heat flux. ASTER thermal infrared data acquired during winter nights were used to minimize the contribution of solar heating of the surface. The ASTER thermal infrared mapping results were compared to maps of thermal areas based on field investigations and high-resolution aerial photos. Field validation of the ASTER thermal mapping is an ongoing task. The purpose of this report is to make available ASTER-based maps of Yellowstone?s thermal areas. We include an appendix containing the names and characteristics of Yellowstone?s thermal areas, georeferenced TIFF files containing ASTER thermal imagery, and several spatial data sets in Esri shapefile format.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Volcanic Processes and Risk by : Francesca Cigna
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Volcanic Processes and Risk written by Francesca Cigna and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote sensing data and methods are increasingly being implemented in assessments of volcanic processes and risk. This happens thanks to their capability to provide a spectrum of observation and measurement opportunities to accurately sense the dynamics, magnitude, frequency, and impacts of volcanic activity. This book includes research papers on the use of satellite, aerial, and ground-based remote sensing to detect thermal features and anomalies, investigate lava and pyroclastic flows, predict the flow path of lahars, measure gas emissions and plumes, and estimate ground deformation. The multi-disciplinary character of the approaches employed for volcano monitoring and the combination of a variety of sensor types, platforms, and methods that come out from the papers testify to the current scientific and technology trends toward multi-data and multi-sensor monitoring solutions. The added value of the papers lies in the demonstration of how remote sensing can improve our knowledge of volcanoes that pose a threat to local communities; back-analysis and critical revision of recent volcanic eruptions and unrest periods; and improvement of modeling and prediction methods. Therefore, the selected case studies also demonstrate the societal impact that this scientific discipline can potentially have on volcanic hazard and risk management.
Book Synopsis Geologic Field-trip Guide to the Volcanic and Hydrothermal Landscape of the Yellowstone Plateau by : Lisa A. Morgan
Download or read book Geologic Field-trip Guide to the Volcanic and Hydrothermal Landscape of the Yellowstone Plateau written by Lisa A. Morgan and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Use of ASTER and MODIS Thermal Infrared Data to Quantify Heat Flow and Hydrothermal Change at Yellowstone National Park by : R. Greg Vaughan
Download or read book Use of ASTER and MODIS Thermal Infrared Data to Quantify Heat Flow and Hydrothermal Change at Yellowstone National Park written by R. Greg Vaughan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overarching aim of this study was touse satellite thermalinfrared (TIR) remote sensing to monitor geothermal activity within the Yellowstone geothermal area to meet the missions of both the U.S. Geological Survey and the Yellowstone National Park Geology Program. Specific goals were to: 1) address the challenges of monitoring the surface thermal characteristics of the > 10,000 spatially and temporally dynamic thermal features in the Park (including hot springs, pools, geysers, fumaroles, and mud pots) that are spread out over ~ 5000 km2, by using satellite TIR remote sensing tools (e.g., ASTER and MODIS), 2) to estimate the radiant geothermal heat flux (GHF) for Yellowstone's thermal areas, and 3) to identify normal, background thermal changes so that significant, abnormal changes can be recognized, should they ever occur (e.g., changes related to tectonic, hydrothermal, impending volcanic processes, or human activities, such as nearby geothermal development). ASTER TIR data (90-m pixels) were used to estimate the radiant GHF from all of Yellowstone's thermal features and update maps ofthermal areas. MODIS TIR data (1-km pixels) were used to record background thermal radiance variations from March 2000 through December 2010 and establish thermal change detection limits. A lower limit for the radiant GHF estimated from ASTER TIR temperature data was established at ~ 2.0 GW, which is ~ 30?45% of the heat flux estimated through geochemical thermometry. Also, about 5 km2ofthermal areas was added to the geodatabase of mapped thermal areas. A decade-long time-series ofMODIS TIR radiance data was dominated by seasonal cycles. A background subtraction technique was used in an attempt to isolate variations due to geothermal changes. Several statistically significant perturbations were noted in the time-series from Norris Geyser Basin, however many of these did not correspond to documented thermal disturbances. This study provides concrete examples of the strengths and limitations of current satellite TIR monitoring of geothermal areas, highlighting some specific areas that can be improved. This work provides a framework for future satellite-based thermal monitoring at Yellowstone and other volcanic and geothermal systems.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Hot Springs and Associated Deposits in Yellowstone National Park Using ASTER and AVIRIS Remote Sensing by : Melanie J. Hellman
Download or read book Analysis of Hot Springs and Associated Deposits in Yellowstone National Park Using ASTER and AVIRIS Remote Sensing written by Melanie J. Hellman and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and the Airborne Visible/IR Image Spectrometer (AVIRIS) data were used to characterize hot spring deposits in the Lower, Midway, and Upper Geyser Basins of Yellowstone National Park from the visible/near infrared (VNIR) to thermal infrared (TIR) wavelengths. Field observations of these basins provided the critical ground-truth for comparison with the remote sensing results. Fourteen study sites were selected based on diversity in size, deposit type, and thermal activity. Field work included detailed site surveys such as land cover analysis, photography, Global Positioning System (GPS) data collection, radiometric analysis, and VNIR spectroscopy. Samples of hot spring deposits, geyser deposits, and soil were also collected. Analysis of ASTER data provided broad scale characteristics of the hot springs and their deposits, including the identification of thermal anomalies. AVIRIS high spectral resolution short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy provided the ability to detect hydrothermally altered minerals as well as a calibration for the multispectral SWIR ASTER data. From the image analysis, differences in these basins were identified including the extent of thermal alteration, the location and abundance of alteration minerals, and a comparison of active, near-extinct, and extinct geysers. We determined the activity level of each region using a combination of the VNIR-SWIR-TIR spectral differences as well as the presence of elevated temperatures, detected by the TIR subsystem of ASTER. The results of this study are applicable to the exploration of extinct mineralized hydrothermal deposits on both Earth and Mars.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park Using ASTER and AVIRIS Remote Sensing by : Melanie J. Hellman
Download or read book Analysis of Hot Springs in Yellowstone National Park Using ASTER and AVIRIS Remote Sensing written by Melanie J. Hellman and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data from Advanced Spaceborn Thermal Emmission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) and the Airborn Visible/IR Image Spectrometer (AVIRIS) were used to characterize hot spring deposits in the Lower, Midway, and Upper Geyser Basins of Yellowstone National Park at the visible/near infrared (VNIR) to thermal infrared (TIR) wavelengths. Field observations of these basins provided the critical ground truth for comparison to the remote sensing results. Fourteen study sites were selected based on diversity in size, deposit type, and thermal activity. Field work included detailed site surveys such as land cover analysis, photography, Global Positioning System (GPS) data collection, radiometric analysis, and VNIR spectroscopy. Samples of hot spring deposits, geyser deposits, and soil were also collected. Analysis of ASTER provided broad scale characteristics of the hot springs and their deposits, including the identification of thermal anomalies. AVIRIS high-spectral-resolution, short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectroscopy provided the ability to detect hydrothermally altered minerals as well as a calibration for the multispectral SWIR ASTER data. From the image analysis, differences in these basins were identified including the extent of thermal alteration, the location and abundance of alteration minerals, and differences between active, near-extinct, and extinct geysers. The activity level of each region was determined using a combination of the VNIR-SWIR-TIR spectral differences as well as the presence of elevated temperatures, detected by the TIR subsystem of ASTER. The results of this study can be applied to the exploration of exinct mineralized hydrothermal deposits on borth Earth and Mars.
Book Synopsis Monitoring of Thermal Activity in Southwestern Yellowstone National Park and Vicinity, 1980-1993 by : Irving Friedman
Download or read book Monitoring of Thermal Activity in Southwestern Yellowstone National Park and Vicinity, 1980-1993 written by Irving Friedman and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermal Mapping of Yellowstone National Park by : James H. McLerran
Download or read book Thermal Mapping of Yellowstone National Park written by James H. McLerran and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1961 infrared imagery was obtained over Yellowstone National Park. The purpose was to conduct a preliminary study of the usefulness of infrared imagery over terrain with natural high-temperature contrasts, and to determine if subsurface thermal anolmalies could be imaged if they are not evident by surface hydrothermal features. This paper presents imagery from several areas of thePark and demonstrates that infrared sensing is useful for mapping hydrothermal features. The results from this study indicate that new studies should be conducted using new state-of-the-art infrared scanners and detectors.
Book Synopsis Fire Growth Maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires by : Richard C. Rothermel
Download or read book Fire Growth Maps for the 1988 Greater Yellowstone Area Fires written by Richard C. Rothermel and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Daily fire growth maps display the growth of the 1988 fires in the Greater Yellowstone Area. Information and data sources included daily infrared photography flights, satellite imagery, ground and aerial reconnaissance, command center intelligence, and the personal recollections of fire behavior observers. Fire position was digitized from topographic maps using GRASS GIS software to construct a file of daily fire location in vector format, later converted to raster format for further analysis. The data base is available in electronic form.
Book Synopsis Hydrothermal Monitoring in Yellowstone National Park Using Airborne Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing by : Christopher M. U. Neale
Download or read book Hydrothermal Monitoring in Yellowstone National Park Using Airborne Thermal Infrared Remote Sensing written by Christopher M. U. Neale and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes the image acquisition and processing methodology, including surface emissivity and atmospheric corrections, for generating surface temperatures of two active hydrothermal systems in Yellowstone National Park. Airborne thermal infrared (8?12 ?m) images were obtained annually from 2007 to 2012 using a FLIR SC640 thermal infrared camera system. Thermal infrared image acquisitions occurred under clear-sky conditions after sunset to meet the objective of providing high-spatial resolution, georectified imagery for hydrothermal monitoring. Comparisons of corrected radiative temperature maps with measured ground and water kinetic temperatures at flight times provided an assessment of temperature accuracy. A repeatable, time-sequence of images for Hot Spring Basin (2007?2012) and Norris Geyser Basin (2008?2012) documented fracture-related changes in temperature and fluid flow for both hydrothermal systems, highlighting the utility of methods for synoptic monitoring of Yellowstone National Park's hydrothermal systems.
Book Synopsis Mapping Changes in Yellowstone's Geothermal Areas by : Shannon Lea Savage
Download or read book Mapping Changes in Yellowstone's Geothermal Areas written by Shannon Lea Savage and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Yellowstone National Park (YNP) contains the world's largest concentration of geothermal features, and is legally mandated to protect and monitor these natural features. Remote sensing is a component of the current geothermal monitoring plan. Landsat satellite data have a substantial historical archive and will be collected into the future, making it the only available thermal imagery for historical analysis and long-term monitoring of geothermal areas in the entirety of YNP. Landsat imagery from Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) sensors was explored as a tool for mapping geothermal heat flux and geothermally active areas within YNP and to develop a change analysis technique for scientists to utilize with additional Landsat data available from 1978 through the foreseeable future. Terrestrial emittance and estimates of geothermal heat flux were calculated for the entirety of YNP with two Landsat images from 2007 (TM) and 2002 (ETM+). Terrestrial emittance for fourteen summer dates from 1986 to 2007 was calculated for defined geothermal areas and utilized in a change analysis. Spatial and temporal change trajectories of terrestrial emittance were examined. Trajectories of locations with known change events were also examined. Relationships between the temporal clusters and spatial groupings and several change vectors (distance to geologic faults, distance to large water bodies, and distance to earthquake swarms) were explored. Finally, TM data from 2007 were used to classify geothermally active areas inside the defined geothermal areas as well as throughout YNP and a 30-km buffer around YNP. Estimations of geothermal heat flux were inaccurate due to inherent limitations of Landsat data combined with complexities arising from the effects of solar radiation and spatial and temporal variation of vegetation, microbes, steam outflows, and other features at each geothermal area. Terrestrial emittance, however, was estimated with acceptable results. The change analysis showed a relationship between absolute difference in terrestrial emittance and earthquake swarms, with 34% of the variation explained. Accuracies for the classifications of geothermally active areas were poor, but the method used for classification, random forest, could be a suitable method given higher resolution thermal imagery and better reference data.
Book Synopsis The Yellowstone National Park by : Henry Jacob Winser
Download or read book The Yellowstone National Park written by Henry Jacob Winser and published by . This book was released on 1883 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Atlas of Yellowstone by : W. Andrew Marcus
Download or read book Atlas of Yellowstone written by W. Andrew Marcus and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of the award-winning Atlas of Yellowstone contains 50% new material, making it the authoritative reference for the world’s first national park on its 150th anniversary. The publication of the Atlas of Yellowstone, Second Edition coincides with the 150th anniversary of the founding of Yellowstone National Park—a major international event. The atlas is an accessible, comprehensive guide that presents Yellowstone’s story through compelling visualizations rendered by award-winning cartographers at the University of Oregon. Readers of this new edition of the Atlas of Yellowstone will explore the contributions of Yellowstone to preserving and understanding natural and cultural landscapes, to informing worldwide conservation practices, and to inspiring national parks around the world, while also learning about the many struggles the park faces in carrying out its mission. Ranging from Indigenous Americans and local economies to geysers and wildlife migrations, from the life of one wolf to the threat of wildfires, each page provides leading experts’ insights into the complexity and significance of Yellowstone. Key elements of the atlas include: More than 1,000 maps, graphics, and photographs Contributions from more than 130 experts Detailed topographic maps of Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks Exploration of Yellowstone National Park’s influence over 150 years on conservation practice, park management, and American culture New, detailed visualizations of wildlife that take advantage of modern GPS technology to track individual animals and entire herds Place-name origins for Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks and the surrounding region
Book Synopsis Monitoring the Dynamic Geohydrology of the Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park by : Cheryl Jaworowski
Download or read book Monitoring the Dynamic Geohydrology of the Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park written by Cheryl Jaworowski and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal infrared images (2007-2009) rectified to a geodetic-grade LiDAR base map provide snapshots-in-time of the dynamic geohydrology within Yellowstone's Upper Geyser Basin. Between 2007 and 2009, the Old Faithful thermal group shows little change in the spatial distribution of calculated ground temperature. Within the Biscuit Basin thermal group, temporal changes in the spatial distribution of ground temperatures may reflect changing heat and fluid flow along northwest-trending fractures, faults, and other permeable pathways. In Biscuit Basin, numerous hydrothermal explosions or forceful, geyser eruptions have been observed from 2006 through 2011.
Book Synopsis Temporal and Seasonal Variations of the Hot Spring Basin Hydrothermal System, Yellowstone National Park, USA by : Cheryl Jaworowski
Download or read book Temporal and Seasonal Variations of the Hot Spring Basin Hydrothermal System, Yellowstone National Park, USA written by Cheryl Jaworowski and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring Yellowstone National Park?s hydrothermal systems and establishing hydrothermal baselines are the main goals of an ongoing collaborative effort between Yellowstone National Park?s Geology program and Utah State University?s Remote Sensing Services Laboratory. During the first years of this research effort, improvements were made in image acquisition, processing and calibration. In 2007, a broad-band, forward looking infrared (FLIR) camera (8?12 microns) provided reliable airborne images for a hydrothermal baseline of the Hot Spring Basin hydrothermal system. From 2008 to 2011, night-time, airborne thermal infrared image acquisitions during September yielded temperature maps that established the temporal variability of the hydrothermal system. A March 2012 airborne image acquisition provided an initial assessment of seasonal variability. The consistent, high-spatial resolution imagery (~1 m) demonstrates that the technique is robust and repeatable for generating corrected (atmosphere and emissivity) and calibrated temperature maps of the Hot Spring Basin hydrothermal system. Atmospheric conditions before and at flight-time determine the usefulness of the thermal infrared imagery for geohydrologic applications, such as hydrothermal monitoring. Although these ground-surface temperature maps are easily understood, quantification of radiative heat from the Hot Spring Basin hydrothermal system is an estimate of the system?s total energy output. Area is a key parameter for calculating the hydrothermal system?s heat output. Preliminary heat calculations suggest a radiative heat output of ~56 MW to 62 MW for the central Hot Spring Basin hydrothermal system. Challenges still remain in removing the latent solar component within the calibrated, atmospherically adjusted, and emissivity corrected night-time imagery.
Book Synopsis Chemical Analysis of Thermal Waters in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 1960-65 by : Jack James Rowe
Download or read book Chemical Analysis of Thermal Waters in Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, 1960-65 written by Jack James Rowe and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An evaluation of the mineral potential of the area.
Book Synopsis Effects of Potential Geothermal Development in the Corwin Springs Known Geothermal Resources Area, Montana, on the Thermal Features of Yellowstone National Park by :
Download or read book Effects of Potential Geothermal Development in the Corwin Springs Known Geothermal Resources Area, Montana, on the Thermal Features of Yellowstone National Park written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
