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Prostaglandins In Cancer Research
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Book Synopsis Prostaglandins in Cancer Research by : Enrico Garaci
Download or read book Prostaglandins in Cancer Research written by Enrico Garaci and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arachidonic acid metabolites are known to playa regulatory role in a number of biological systems, in which they function as microenviron mental hormones and intracellular signal mediators. One of the most exciting areas of research of these compounds is the one that studies the relationship between prostaglandins and tumor cell growth and function. In the last few years there has been an extraordinary evolution of data on prostaglandins (and related compounds) and cancer. This vol ume is based on papers presented at the 1986 International Confer ence on Prostaglandins and Cancer organized by the Italian National Research Council and the II University of Rome, and held in Rome, Italy, in June, 1986. This Conference brought together oncologists and specialists in the areas of prostaglandin chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology, cellular and molecular biology to overview the actual state of knowledge on the role of eicosanoids in cancer and to focus on the key questions that need to be answered. The picture that comes out of this book describes a very complicated network of interactions between arachidonic acid metabolites and different as pects of the complex phenomenon "cancer". Eicosanoids participate in carcinogenesis initiation and promotion, and their relationship with tumor promoters and growth factors is well established. During cancer growth, different prostaglandins can have different roles in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation and in metastasis formation; meanwhile evidence is accumulating for a pos sible use of some of these compounds as antineoplastic agents.
Book Synopsis Prostaglandins and Immunity by : James S. Goodwin
Download or read book Prostaglandins and Immunity written by James S. Goodwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prosta glandin E2 (PGE2), prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2), whereas lipoxygenase products consist of hydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di-and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis-the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengt Samuelsson's extensive study of the metabolism of pros taglandins indicated that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in or in the vicinity of target tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local hormones or autocoids.
Book Synopsis The Tumour Microenvironment by : Jamie A. Goode
Download or read book The Tumour Microenvironment written by Jamie A. Goode and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-11-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ergebnisse von in vitro-Studien lassen vermuten, dass sich der pH-Wert in einem Tumor auf die Wirksamkeit von Chemo- oder Strahlentherapien auswirken kann. Wie aber sieht die Beziehung zwischen der Tumorentwicklung und dem pH-Wert aus? Können ein niedriger pH-Wert oder ein Sauerstoffmangel die Carcinogenese hemmen? Wo bieten sich therapeutische Ansätze? Anwort auf diese und andere Fragen finden Sie in diesem Band. In interdisziplinärer Weise wurden Beiträge aus der Grundlagenforschung und der klinischen Praxis zusammengetragen.
Book Synopsis Eicosanoids and Radiation by : Peter Polgar
Download or read book Eicosanoids and Radiation written by Peter Polgar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-01-22 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prosta glandin Ez (PGEz), prostacyclin (PGIz) and thromboxane Az (TXAz), whereas lipoxygenase products consist of hydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis-the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengt Samuelsson's extensive study of the metabolism of pros taglandins indicated that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in or in the vicinity of target tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local hormones or autocoids.
Book Synopsis Prostaglandins and Cancer by : First International Conference on Prostaglandins
Download or read book Prostaglandins and Cancer written by First International Conference on Prostaglandins and published by . This book was released on 1982-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Prostaglandin Inhibitors in Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy by : Jules E. Harris
Download or read book Prostaglandin Inhibitors in Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy written by Jules E. Harris and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994-03-28 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an updated overview of eicosanoid metabolism. It also presents a timely discussion of eicosanoid metabolism in the process of tumor cell metastasis, in chemoprotection and radioprotection associated with cancer therapy, and in cell differentiation. The book focuses on the role of eicosanoids in the immunology of malignant disease. This includes how various immune cell populations in cancer are affected by the secretion and action of various eicosanoids and metabolites of eicosanoids and how these processes may be affected by various pharmacological manipulations and interventions to augment anti-tumor immunity. Head and neck cancer is covered in great detail to illustrate a cancer in humans where these considerations are particularly relevant. This important volume demonstrates that the principal factor in cancer patient immunologic deficiency is related to excess secretion by monocytes of prostaglandins.
Book Synopsis Cancer and the prostaglandins by : John L. Ziegler
Download or read book Cancer and the prostaglandins written by John L. Ziegler and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Carcinogenesis and Dietary Fat by : S. Abraham
Download or read book Carcinogenesis and Dietary Fat written by S. Abraham and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-27 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series which focuses on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R. H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary carcinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be involved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family ofbioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respectively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostacyclin (PGI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2), whereas lipoxygenase products consist ofhydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di-and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes, lipoxins, and epoxides. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis --the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengt Samuelsson's extensive study ofthe metabolism of prostaglandins indicate that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in the vicinity oftarget tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local rrormones or autocoids. Altered production, qualitative and/or quantitative, of prostaglandins and leukotrienes has been implicated in the development of a number of disease states (e. g.
Book Synopsis Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Tumor Initiation by : Lawrence J. Marnett
Download or read book Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Tumor Initiation written by Lawrence J. Marnett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-04 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prosta glandin E2 (POE ), prostacyclin (POI ) and thromboxane A2 (TXA ), whereas 2 2 2 lipoxygenase products consist of hydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis-the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengl Samuelsson's extensive study of the metabolism of pros taglandins indicated that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in or in the vicinity of target tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local hormones or autocoids.
Book Synopsis Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Tumor Promotion by : Susan M. Fischer
Download or read book Arachidonic Acid Metabolism and Tumor Promotion written by Susan M. Fischer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from and lipoxygenase pathways, respec arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prosta glandin E2 (POE), prostacyclin (POI) and thromboxane A2 (TXA), whereas 2 2 2 lipoxygenase products consist of hydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis-the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengt Samuelsson's extensive study of the metabolism of pros taglandins indicated that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in or in the vicinity of target tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local hormones or autocoids.
Book Synopsis Angiogenesis in Health, Disease and Malignancy by : Ali Salajegheh
Download or read book Angiogenesis in Health, Disease and Malignancy written by Ali Salajegheh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about “Angiogenesis”. A process in which new vasculature is formed from pre-existing capillaries. Angiogenesis process is associated with the proliferation and growth of both physiologically normal and neoplastic tissues, through the formation of vascular supply, essential for delivering growth requirements such as oxygen and nutrients. The book describes more than 100 genes and their key regulatory functions in the context of normal healthy condition, disease and malignancy, cancer proliferation and progression. New insights into the role of angiogenesis and the therapeutic inhibition of its regulators are investigated, due to the great potential for exploitation in the development of a novel treatment for cancer. New scientists, junior researchers and biomedical science students will find this book an invaluable introductory reference to their insight about angiogenesis and angiogenic role of more than 100 angiogenes and their role in healthy, disease and malignant conditions.
Book Synopsis A Potential Therapeutic Role of J Series Prostaglandins in PPARy Mediated Treatment of Breast Cancer by :
Download or read book A Potential Therapeutic Role of J Series Prostaglandins in PPARy Mediated Treatment of Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma), is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer but the endogenous ligand for PPAR gamma is not yet known. Recent data suggest that the endogenous ligand of PPAR gamma may be a bioactive metabolite of arachidonic acid that is synthesized in normal breast tissue. Activation of PPAR gamma with different agonists (e.g. l5deoxy delta l2,l4PGJ2, troglitazone) elicits different physiological responses in breast cancer cells (i.e. differentiation or apoptosis) raising questions of the role PPARy plays in normal breast cell physiology. Results from our initial experiments show that prostaglandin metabolites of arachidonic acid inhibit cell cycle progression of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. This cell cycle block induces apoptosis of breast cancer cells and inhibits tumor formation in nude mice. We hypothesize that human breast cancer cell lines (and human breast cancer tumors) have aberrant PPAR gamma mediated signal transduction pathways or contain disrupted pathways for the metabolism of fatty acid derivatives that act as PPAR gamma agonists. Understanding the metabolism of fatty acids in breast cancer cells, and elucidating the molecular and signal transduction events that are mediated by PPARy agonists may lead to novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer.
Book Synopsis A Potential Therapeutic Role of J Series Prostaglandins in PPAR-gamma Mediated Treatment of Breast Cancer by :
Download or read book A Potential Therapeutic Role of J Series Prostaglandins in PPAR-gamma Mediated Treatment of Breast Cancer written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Naturally occurring derivatives of arachidonic acid metabolism are potent and effective activators of PPAR-gamma. The most potent of these derivatives is 15deoxy-delta(12,14)PGJ2 (15dPGJ2), the dehydration and isomerization product of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2). 15dPGJ2 induces PPAR-gamma mediated transcriptional activation leading to the synthesis of critical gene products involved in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. of these gene products, expression of the cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors, p21 and p27, is associated with marked cell cycle arrest with subsequent apoptosis involving caspase-3. However, apoptosis induced by 15dPGJ2 is unlikely to be PPAR-gamma mediated as demonstrated by studies with dominant negative forms of this receptor. To further elucidate how AA derivatives such as 15dPGJ2 induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells investigations into AA metabolic pathways were undertaken. We demonstrate that intracellular accumulation of AA induces apoptosis in cancer cells by activating the AP-1 family of nuclear transcription factors. Given the anti-cancer efficacy of therapies which alter AA metabolism, such as NSAIDs, further investigation into 15dPGJ2 and other facets of the AA metabolic pathway are warranted.
Book Synopsis Prostaglandin E2 Pathway as a Target to Prevent and Treat Ovarian Cancer in Laying Hens by : Erfan Eilati
Download or read book Prostaglandin E2 Pathway as a Target to Prevent and Treat Ovarian Cancer in Laying Hens written by Erfan Eilati and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic inflammation has been linked to cancer. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is the most pro-inflammatory lipid and one of the downstream products of 2 isoforms of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes: COX-1 and COX-2. Although both COX isoforms have similar structure and function, they are encoded by different genes and show distinct expression patterns. COX-1 is expressed in most cells and tissues and remains constant under most physiologic conditions to play a housekeeping role whereas the COX-2 form is inducible and usually only expressed in response to various inflammatory stimuli. COX enzymes may be involved in both tumor establishment and maintenance of existing tumors. PGE 2 exerts its effects on target cells by coupling to four subtypes of receptors which have been classified as EP1-4. Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecological malignancy and mainly occurs in older women. Prevention may be the best approach to reduce ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer death among women and the most lethal gynecological malignancy. There are at least 3 well established risk factors for ovarian cancer: age, family history and environmental factors. Ovarian cancer is mainly seen in older women when their ovaries are not reproductively functional. Close to half of the women with ovarian cancer (48%) are in the age group of 65 or older. Epidemiological and preclinical studies indicate that increased dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids (OM-3FAs) reduces the incidence and growth of various cancers. Thus, increasing the consumption of OM-3FAs may be a nontoxic way to prevent or suppress ovarian cancer. Flaxseed is the richest vegetable source of omega-3 fatty acids which may be effective in the prevention of ovarian cancer. Fish oil is a source of OM-3FAs which may be effective in prevention of ovarian cancer. The main OM-6FA, Linoleic Acid (LA), is a direct precursor of the Arachidonic Acid (AA). Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) is the main OM-3FA found in flax oil, whereas eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are the OM-3FAs in fish oil. ALA is elongated to form EPA and DHA in the intestine. Celecoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug that selectively inhibits COX-2. There are evidences showing that Celecoxib has some anti-cancer properties. Progress in the treatment and prevention of ovarian cancer has been hampered due to the lack of an appropriate animal model and absence of effective chemo-prevention strategies. The domestic hens spontaneously develop ovarian adenocarcinomas that share similar histological appearance and symptoms such as ascites and metastasis with humans. Our findings suggest that the lower levels of COX-2 and PGE2 are the main contributing factors in the chemo-suppressive role of long-term flaxseed consumption in ovarian cancer in laying hens. These findings may provide the basis for clinical trials of dietary intervention targeting prostaglandin biosynthesis for the prevention and treatment of ovarian cancer. To our knowledge the present study provides the first insight into the efficacy of fish oil, flax oil, Celecoxib, alone or combined on the reduction of COX enzyme expression, PGE2 concentration and apoptosis in the normal and cancerous ovaries and further demonstrates the utility of the hen model for ovarian cancer. Our studies provided new insight into the potential mechanism of action of flaxseed, fish oil, flax oil and Celecoxib in the reduction of ovarian cancer and will establish the foundation for clinical trials to test the efficacy of dietary intervention for the prevention and suppression of ovarian cancer in women. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Author :William E.M. Lands Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780898387179 Total Pages :468 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (871 download)
Book Synopsis Biochemistry of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism by : William E.M. Lands
Download or read book Biochemistry of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism written by William E.M. Lands and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1985-04-30 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostaglandins, Leukotrienes, and Cancer is a multi-volume series that will focus on an emerging area of cancer research. In 1968, R.H. Williams first reported that elevated prostaglandin levels are present in human medullary car cinoma. Since that time, the concept that arachidonic acid metabolites may be in volved in cancer has expanded to include every aspect of the disease from cell transformation through metastasis. Prostaglandins and leukotrienes are generic terms used to describe a family of bioactive lipids produced from unsaturated fatty acids (principally from arachidonic acid) via the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways, respec tively. Cyclooxygenase products consist of diverse products such as prosta glandin E, (POE,), prostacyclin (POI2) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2), whereas lipoxygenase products consist of hydroperoxy fatty acids and mono-, di- and tri-hydroxy acids including leukotrienes. The precursor fatty acids for the cyclooxygenase and lip oxygenase pathways are present in cellular phospholipids. This finding established an important control point in their biosynthesis-the release of substrate. This occurs in response to numerous stimuli that act at the cell surface. Dr. Bengt Samuelsson's extensive study of the metabolism of pros taglandins indicated that they are rapidly inactivated on a single pass through pulmonary circulation. Thus, they cannot act as circulating hormones and appear to be made on demand in or in the vicinity of target tissues leading to the concept that prostaglandins are local hormones or autocoids.
Book Synopsis The Eicosanoids by : Peter Curtis-Prior
Download or read book The Eicosanoids written by Peter Curtis-Prior and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-07-16 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive reference work, updated from the first edition, brings together the knowledge and expertise of contributors from around the world. It includes new topics such as prostaglandin synthetase enzyme, new synthetic eicosanoids, innovative analytical methods, the influence of cytokines in the regulation of synthesis and actions, newer eicosanoids that influence the cardiovascular system, and newly discovered roles in reproduction and interactions with nitric oxide. This book satisfies a surge of interest in prostaglandins—NSAIDS (e.g. aspirin) are the biggest selling drugs of all time, and the field has been refreshed by the advent of new types (selective COX-2 inhibitors, anti-leukotiene drugs).
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :728 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
