Prosocial Behavior And Neurodegenerative Disease

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Prosocial Behavior and Neurodegenerative Disease

Author : Sandy Jing Bey Lwi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (994 download)

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Book Synopsis Prosocial Behavior and Neurodegenerative Disease by : Sandy Jing Bey Lwi

Download or read book Prosocial Behavior and Neurodegenerative Disease written by Sandy Jing Bey Lwi and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive and dramatic changes in behavior and emotional responses. In particular, patients with bvFTD have deficits in empathy, including the ability to relate and respond to the emotions of others. These deficits are important precursors for prosocial behaviors - actions intended to benefit people other than oneself - and were thus hypothesized to be impaired in patients with bvFTD. Thus far, no known studies have utilized objective laboratory tests to examine patients' prosocial behaviors. The present study addressed these gaps by using objective laboratory measures (i.e., a donation paradigm) and a multi-method approach by studying the neural and emotional responses (i.e., autonomic and somatic peripheral physiology, facial expressions) associated with prosocial behavior across a sample of patients with neurodegenerative diseases and non-symptomatic aging caregivers. In the present study, 88 participants (17 with bvFTD, 12 with Alzheimer's disease, and 59 non-symptomatic caregivers) viewed a film of others in distress. Participants were then given the option to donate their own money as a measure of prosocial behavior. Results revealed that patients with bvFTD donated significantly less money than non-symptomatic caregivers, while patients with Alzheimer's disease and non-symptomatic caregivers donated comparable amounts. When examining emotional responses and regions of neural degeneration as potential mediators of the relationship between diagnosis and prosocial behavior, neither emotional responses nor neural regions were found to mediate the findings with one exception: lower ventral striatum volume was significantly associated with lower levels of prosocial behavior. This finding aligns with research that suggests that the ventral striatum plays a central role in the reward network of the brain, and how evolutionarily, feeling reward when engaging in prosocial behaviors likely conferred benefits in the context of interpersonal relationships. The study extends our understanding of a neurodegenerative disease that profoundly impacts the lives of patients and their families and contributes important new information to the literature on prosocial behavior.

The Neurobiology of Values

Author : Bruce Miller
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832546196
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neurobiology of Values by : Bruce Miller

Download or read book The Neurobiology of Values written by Bruce Miller and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-03-12 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Cognitive Basis of Social Interaction Across the Lifespan

Author : Heather J. Ferguson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192581333
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cognitive Basis of Social Interaction Across the Lifespan by : Heather J. Ferguson

Download or read book The Cognitive Basis of Social Interaction Across the Lifespan written by Heather J. Ferguson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social interaction is an important aspect of everyday life and its success (or lack of) impacts heavily on our wellbeing. A vital part of successful social interaction is the ability to understand and predict events in terms of other people's mental states, such as their intentions, beliefs, emotions, and desires (termed Theory of Mind, ToM). Children typically develop the necessary skills for social interaction around four years old, and as healthy adults, we engage in social interaction frequently and seemingly without a great deal of difficulty. This book explores how human social interactive abilities change across the lifespan, looking at infancy, early and middle childhood, adolescence and young adulthood, adulthood, and older age, as well as healthy and atypical development. Over nine chapters, leading researchers in the field provide an overview of the most recent findings, contribute to key debates on social phenomena (including their underlying mechanisms, environmental triggers, and neural basis), and outline innovative avenues for future directions. Written in an accessible style, this book will appeal to a wide range of readers including academics and students of psychology, neuroscience, psychiatry, linguistics, and philosophy, as well as providing valuable insights for clinicians and practitioners working in the fields of social care, mental health, and education.

Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment

Author : James A. Coan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195169158
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment by : James A. Coan

Download or read book Handbook of Emotion Elicitation and Assessment written by James A. Coan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-19 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emotion research has become a mature branch of psychology, with its own standardized measures, induction procedures, data-analysis challenges, and sub-disciplines. During the last decade, a number of books addressing major questions in the study of emotion have been published in response to a rapidly increasing demand that has been fueled by an increasing number of psychologists whose research either focus on or involve the study of emotion. Very few of these books, however, have presented an explicit discussion of the tools for conducting research, despite the facts that the study of emotion frequently requires highly specialized procedures, instruments, and coding strategies, and that the field has reached a place where a large number of excellent elicitation procedures and assessment instruments have been developed and validated. Emotion Elicitation and Assessment corrects this oversight in the literature by organizing and detailing all the major approaches and instruments for the study of emotion. It is the most complete reference for methods and resources in the field, and will serve as a pragmatic resource for emotion researchers by providing easy access to a host of scales, stimuli, coding systems, assessment tools, and innovative methodologies. This handbook will help to advance research in emotion by encouraging researchers to take greater advantage of standard and well-researched approaches, which will increase both the productivity in the field and the speed and accuracy with which research can be communicated.

Applications of Behavior Analysis in Healthcare and Beyond

Author : Alexandros Maragakis
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030579697
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Behavior Analysis in Healthcare and Beyond by : Alexandros Maragakis

Download or read book Applications of Behavior Analysis in Healthcare and Beyond written by Alexandros Maragakis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-19 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This timely volume explores the multiple domains where Behavior Analysts can provide meaningful assessment and interventions. Selecting clinical areas in which behavior analysts already are active, chapters will describe unique features of the setting as well as the skills and competencies needed to practice in these areas. While providers of behavior analytic services have substantially increased in number, the field of behavior analysis itself has narrowed. Reimbursement policies and name recognition as a treatment specific to autism have raised concerns that other areas where it is helpful, such as behavioral gerontology or integrated behavioral health, will be de-emphasized. This volume aims to promote workforce development and support broad behavior analytic training, considering the Behavior Analyst Certification Board’s 5th edition task list (effective in 2020).

Oxytocin in Brain Health and Disease: How can it exert such pleiotropic neuromodulatory effects?

Author : Francesca Talpo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832525997
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxytocin in Brain Health and Disease: How can it exert such pleiotropic neuromodulatory effects? by : Francesca Talpo

Download or read book Oxytocin in Brain Health and Disease: How can it exert such pleiotropic neuromodulatory effects? written by Francesca Talpo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-08 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxytocin is a pituitary hormone able to produce a multitude of heterogeneous central and peripheral responses. Within the central nervous system, oxytocin is synthesized by the hypothalamic parvocellular neurons and released in many different brain areas where it acts as a neuromodulator. It exerts pro-social and anxiolytic effects by promoting attachment, trust, maternal bonding, social affiliation, and eating and metabolic functions. Imbalances in the oxytocinergic system are implicated in neuropsychiatric diseases associated with altered socio-emotional competence, such as autism spectrum disorder, clinical depression, and eating disorders. Also, oxytocin impairments could affect memory formation/persistence and they have been found in some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, and in several cancers. Although substantial progress has been achieved in understanding single pieces of the complex neurobiology of the oxytocinergic system, the puzzle is far from being complete. It is still unclear how this single neuropeptide could exert such pleiotropic neuromodulatory effects. Extending the comprehension of the mechanisms underlying the complex roles of the oxytocin will be of great interest, as this molecule has the potentiality to be used as a drug treatment.

How the Brain Works

Author : Michael S.C. Thomas
Publisher : SAGE Publications Limited
ISBN 13 : 1529671078
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (296 download)

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Book Synopsis How the Brain Works by : Michael S.C. Thomas

Download or read book How the Brain Works written by Michael S.C. Thomas and published by SAGE Publications Limited. This book was released on 2023-10-18 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Delve into the intricacies of the human mind with this engaging and insightful guide to how the brain works. Written in a playful style and beautifully illustrated, this book is designed to support you as you embark on the beginning of your psychology degree. It provides an accessible guide to how the brain’s structures and functions determine how the mind works, and how this fits into the bigger picture of our evolution and biology as a species. From focus boxes that delve into specific topics to entertaining puzzles that bring the subject to life, this book will captivate your imagination while building your understanding of biological and cognitive psychology. This is an essential read for undergraduate psychology students. Michael S.C. Thomas is Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at Birkbeck, University of London. Simon Green is a Chartered Psychologist and retired Senior Lecturer in Psychology at Birkbeck, University of London.

The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology

Author : June Gruber
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190653213
Total Pages : 992 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology by : June Gruber

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology written by June Gruber and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 992 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considerable research has been devoted to understanding how positive emotional processes influence our thoughts and behaviors, and the resulting body of work clearly indicates that positive emotion is a vital ingredient in our human quest towards well-being and thriving. Yet the role of positive emotion in psychopathology has been underemphasized, such that comparatively less scientific attention has been devoted to understanding ways in which positive emotions might influence and be influenced by psychological disturbance. Presenting cutting-edge scientific work from an internationally-renowned group of contributors, The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology provides unparalleled insight into the role of positive emotions in mental health and illness. The book begins with a comprehensive overview of key psychological processes that link positive emotional experience and psychopathological outcomes. The following section focuses on specific psychological disorders, including depression, anxiety, trauma, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia, as well as developmental considerations. The third and final section of the Handbook discusses translational implications of this research and how examining populations characterized by positive emotion disturbance enables a better understanding of psychiatric course and risk factors, while simultaneously generating opportunities to bridge gaps between basic science models and psychosocial interventions. With its rich and multi-layered focus, The Oxford Handbook of Positive Emotion and Psychopathology will be of interest to researchers, teachers, and students from a range of disciplines, including social psychology, clinical psychology and psychiatry, biological psychology and health psychology, affective science, and neuroscience.

The Oxford Handbook of Pragmatics

Author : Yan Huang
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191065218
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Pragmatics by : Yan Huang

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Pragmatics written by Yan Huang and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-19 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together distinguished scholars from all over the world to present an authoritative, thorough, and yet accessible state-of-the-art survey of current issues in pragmatics. Following an introduction by the editor, the volume is divided into five thematic parts. Chapters in Part I are concerned with schools of thought, foundations, and theories, while Part II deals with central topics in pragmatics, including implicature, presupposition, speech acts, deixis, reference, and context. In Part III, the focus is on cognitively-oriented pragmatics, covering topics such as computational, experimental, and neuropragmatics. Part IV takes a look at socially and culturally-oriented pragmatics such as politeness/impoliteness studies, cross- and intercultural, and interlanguage pragmatics. Finally, the chapters in Part V explore the interfaces of pragmatics with semantics, grammar, morphology, the lexicon, prosody, language change, and information structure. The Oxford Handbook of Pragmatics will be an indispensable reference for scholars and students of pragmatics of all theoretical stripes. It will also be a valuable resource for linguists in other fields, including philosophy of language, semantics, morphosyntax, prosody, psycholinguistics, and sociolinguistics, and for researchers and students in the fields of cognitive science, artificial intelligence, computer science, anthropology, and sociology.

The Neural Underpinnings of Vicarious Experience

Author : Bernadette M. Fitzgibbon
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889192644
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neural Underpinnings of Vicarious Experience by : Bernadette M. Fitzgibbon

Download or read book The Neural Underpinnings of Vicarious Experience written by Bernadette M. Fitzgibbon and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Everyday we vicariously experience a range of states that we observe in other people: we may “feel” embarrassed when witnessing another making a social faux pas, or we may feel sadness when we see a loved one upset. In some cases this process appears to be implicit. For instance, observing pain in others may activate pain-related neural processes but without generating an overt feeling of pain. In other cases, people report a more literal, conscious sharing of affective or somatic states and this has sometimes been described as representing an extreme form of empathy. By contrast, there appear to be some people who are limited in their ability to vicariously experience the states of others. This may be the case in several psychiatric, neurodevelopmental, and personality disorders where deficits in interpersonal understanding are observed, such as schizophrenia, autism, and psychopathy. In recent decades, neuroscientists have paid significant attention to the understanding of the “social brain,” and the way in which neural processes govern our understanding of other people. In this Research Topic, we wish to contribute towards this understanding and ask for the submission of manuscripts focusing broadly on the neural underpinnings of vicarious experience. This may include theoretical discussion, case studies, and empirical investigation using behavioural techniques, electrophysiology, brain stimulation, and neuroimaging in both healthy and clinical populations. Of specific interest will be the neural correlates of individual differences in traits such as empathy, how we distinguish between ourselves and other people, and the sensorimotor resonant mechanisms that may allow us to put ourselves in another’s shoes.

Engrams

Author : Johannes Gräff
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031629833
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Engrams by : Johannes Gräff

Download or read book Engrams written by Johannes Gräff and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Moving Beyond Self-Interest

Author : Stephanie L. Brown
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199838305
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Moving Beyond Self-Interest by : Stephanie L. Brown

Download or read book Moving Beyond Self-Interest written by Stephanie L. Brown and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Moving Beyond Self-Interest, psychologists, neuroscientists, economists, and political scientists discuss and extend cutting-edge developments in the science of caring for and helping others. Their insights help readers appreciate the human capacity for engaging in altruistic acts, on both a small and large scale.

Pathophysiologic Insights from Biomarker Studies in Neurological Disorders

Author : Tobias Ruck
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889636437
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Pathophysiologic Insights from Biomarker Studies in Neurological Disorders by : Tobias Ruck

Download or read book Pathophysiologic Insights from Biomarker Studies in Neurological Disorders written by Tobias Ruck and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology

Author : Michael A. Sayette
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462535674
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology by : Michael A. Sayette

Download or read book Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology written by Michael A. Sayette and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2018-02-16 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This trusted, bestselling guide--now updated for 2018/2019--is the resource you can rely on for profiles of more than 300 graduate clinical and counseling psychology programs, plus expert advice for choosing and getting into the right one. Based on intensive research, the Insider's Guide offers information and guidance not available from any other source. It provides details on each program's specializations or tracks, admission requirements, acceptance rates, financial aid, research areas, and clinical opportunities. You get invaluable tips for completing prerequisite coursework, accumulating clinical and research experience, and developing polished application materials and personal statements. Special features include a handy time line and planning and decision-making worksheets. The 2018/2019 Edition incorporates profiles of eight additional programs as well as the latest information on GRE preparation, student loans, and more.

The Routledge International Handbook of Morality, Cognition, and Emotion in China

Author : Ryan Nichols
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000576434
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge International Handbook of Morality, Cognition, and Emotion in China by : Ryan Nichols

Download or read book The Routledge International Handbook of Morality, Cognition, and Emotion in China written by Ryan Nichols and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-05-10 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ground-breaking handbook provides multi-disciplinary insight into Chinese morality, cognition and emotion by collecting in one place a comprehensive collection of essays focused on Chinese morality by world-leading experts from more than a dozen different academic fields of study. Through fifteen substantive chapters, readers are offered a holistic look into the ways morality could be interpreted in China, and a broad range of theoretical perspectives, including ecological, anthropological and cultural neuroscience. Offering a syncretic, multi-disciplinary overview that moves beyond the usual western-oriented perspective of China as a monolithic culture, research questions addressed in this book focus on morality as represented at the level of the individual, rather than at the group or institutional levels. Research questions explored herein include: What are the major contours of distinctively Chinese morality? What was the role of the ancient ecology, climate, and pathogen load in producing Chinese moral attitudes and emotions? Are ingredients of the good life in China different than ingredients of the good life elsewhere? How are children in China morally educated? How do findings from cultural neuroscience help us understand differences in the treatment of family members, or the treatment of strangers, in China and elsewhere? How do the protests in Hong Kong participate in, or stand apart from, the ongoing ethics of protest in historical China? The clear structure and accessible writing offer a rigorous assessment of the ways in which morality can be interpreted, shedding light on differences between China and Western cultures. The book also provides a timely window into Chinese forms of morality, and the pivotal role these play in social organization, family relationships, systems of government, emotion and cognition. Representing fields of study ranging from philosophy, linguistics, archaeology, history, and religion, to social psychology, neuroscience, clinical psychology, developmental psychology, and behavioral ecology, this is an essential text for students, academics, and others with wide interest in Chinese culture.

Theory-Driven Approaches to Cognitive Enhancement

Author : Lorenza S. Colzato
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319575058
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory-Driven Approaches to Cognitive Enhancement by : Lorenza S. Colzato

Download or read book Theory-Driven Approaches to Cognitive Enhancement written by Lorenza S. Colzato and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-05 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of cognitive enhancement, the use of different substances and actions (e.g., meditation, video game, smart drugs, food supplements, nutrition, brain stimulation, neurofeedback, physical exercise, music, or cognitive training) to enhance human perception, attention, memory, cognitive control, and action in healthy individuals. Chapters contain research on enhancing procedures and activities that will help to further develop enhancement based on individual needs and interests. Chapters also discuss the underlying mechanism of how these means influence and change behaviors and moods. In addition, the book also provides “real-life” examples in which the several means of cognitive enhancement have been successfully applied. It concludes with a call to develop more specific, mechanistic theories to guide cognitive enhancing programs as well as the editor’s own tailored-approach proposal for enhancing cognition for individuals. Featured topics include: The effect of caffeine on cognitive abilities. Aerobic exercise and its short-term and long-term effects on cognition. The effect, if any, of Ritalin and Modafinil on promoting cognitive enhancement. Temperature variations and its influences on behavior. The effect of food supplements across the lifespan. "Theory-Driven Approaches to Cognitive Enhancement is a must-have resource for psychologists, physicians, sport and exercise scientists, medical scientists, and teachers". “This book provides a state-of-the-art overview of different aspects of cognitive enhancement. The chapters are very focused, well-structured, in-depth, and rounded up by excellent illustrations. I highly recommend the book to readers interested in the matter”. Dr. Julia Karbach, Goethe University “It is overall a highly original book on a timely topic, with a fresh approach and rich in practical and societal implications. The book is written in a very clear way and it is a pleasure to read.” Dr. Anna M. Borghi, Sapienza University of Rome

Disorders of Emotion in Neurologic Disease

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128222891
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Disorders of Emotion in Neurologic Disease by :

Download or read book Disorders of Emotion in Neurologic Disease written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-08-11 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disorders of Emotion in Neurologic Disease, Volume 183 in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology Series, informs clinicians on which neurologic diseases are likely to have a secondary effect on emotion, what to look for in diagnosis, and best practices for treatment. The book begins with an understanding of the neurological basis for emotions in order to better understand what goes awry in neurological disease. It then discusses specific neurologic diseases and disorders affecting emotion. Reviews the neurology of emotions Specifies neurologic diseases that affect emotional expression Informs clinicians on how to diagnose, along with best practices for treatment Includes coverage of stroke, dementia, epilepsy, Huntington's, Parkinson's, TBI, and more