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Production And Characterization Of Palm Shell Based Activated Carbon For Methane Adsorption
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Book Synopsis Production and Characterization of Palm Shell Based Activated Carbon for Methane Adsorption by : Arash Arami Niya
Download or read book Production and Characterization of Palm Shell Based Activated Carbon for Methane Adsorption written by Arash Arami Niya and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell by Using Carbon Dioxide Activation for Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCI2F2) Adsorption by : Farah Hanim Md. Isa
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell by Using Carbon Dioxide Activation for Dichlorodifluoromethane (CCI2F2) Adsorption written by Farah Hanim Md. Isa and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oil Palm Shell by : Mohammad Abdul Mannan
Download or read book Oil Palm Shell written by Mohammad Abdul Mannan and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author Biography: Dr. Mohammad Abdul Mannan was born at a simple family of a small village, Aktarpur, Rangiarpota, Jibonnagar, Chuadanga, Bangladesh. He has obtained B.Sc. (Civil Engineering) degree with first class, MSc in Civil Engineering and PhD in Concrete technology. He has started carrier as lecturer at BIT Rajshahi (now RUET), Bangladesh followed by AJP consulting firm, then Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS) and is now a Professor of Department of Civil Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Malaysia. He is the inventor of few construction products. Based on 30 years of experience in teaching, professional practice and research, his vision is to be excellence in research on Innovative Construction Material and Structure. Book Description: Due to a high demand in construction and furniture industries worldwide, natural resources such as stones and wood as non-renewable resources are being depleted. Thus, researchers are focusing on renewable resources as alternative materials. As such, the utilisation of abundant solid wastes and byproducts, which are discharged from agriculture, industry and municipalities present an alternative to the conventional materials for the construction and furniture industries. These solid wastes and byproducts, when properly processed have shown to be effective and can readily meet design specifications. Agricultural solid wastes from oil palm distributors such as Oil Palm Shell (OPS) and Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB), which are abundant in agro-based countries, present an interesting alternative to the conventional aggregate in lightweight concrete and artificial plank production, respectively. At present, palm oil producing countries are Barkina Faso, Benin, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Colombia, Costa Rica, C�te d'Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ecuador, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Liberia, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Peru, Republic of Congo, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Uganda, Venezuela and others. In Malaysia, oil palm plantations cover over 5 million hectares, and annual production of OPS as solid waste from 450 oil palm mills is more than 6 million tons. This large amount of OPS as a renewable green aggregate can contribute to overcoming the over dependence on depletable resources for concrete production. The civil engineering projects are of a larger scale; they need sustainable materials in order to gain a greater momentum of growth. The major technical characteristics of OPS solid waste must be primarily understood before each particular use. Therefore, there is a need to highlight the importance of OPS to be used in the construction industry.
Book Synopsis Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Shell by Using Microwave Heating Method by : Roozbeh Hoseinzadeh Hesas
Download or read book Production and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Palm Shell by Using Microwave Heating Method written by Roozbeh Hoseinzadeh Hesas and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study the Effect of Preparation Conditions of Activated Carbon from Palm Shell for Methane Adsorption by : A. Arami-Niya
Download or read book Study the Effect of Preparation Conditions of Activated Carbon from Palm Shell for Methane Adsorption written by A. Arami-Niya and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Preparation and Characterization of Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbons by : Sharon Monica Mak
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Palm Kernel Shell Activated Carbons written by Sharon Monica Mak and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ICGSCE 2014 written by Md Amin Hashim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes selected papers from the ICGSCE 2014 with focus on the current trends of global resources used to meet the growing demands to improve life style coupled with environmental and social problems related to the resource consumption with emphasize to move towards sustainable development. It provides a platform for scientists and academicians from local and international universities and industries to promote, share and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of Chemical Engineering with respect to global sustainability. Under the sustainability umbrella the topics covered are; alternative energy sources, alternative feedstock for energy and chemicals, alternative raw materials for household commodity, green process with minimal environmental impact, process intensification, waste minimization, recycling of wastes and providing quality water, food and medicines. Other topics covered include: 1. Oil and gas, Biofuel, Fuel cell, Renewable energy 2. Green technology, Sustainability, Environmental, Carbon sequestration, Carbon footprint, Natural resources 3. Chemical processes, Separation technology, Biotechnology, Nanotechnology, Food technology, Particle technology, Corrosion, Pharmaceutical, Phytochemical, Oleochemical 4. Process modeling, Process Simulation, Process control 5. Advanced material, Polymer, Catalyst, Enzyme 6. Policy, Regulations, Strategy and implementation, Safety, Management of science, Engineering education 7. Process Safety and Loss Prevention, Environmental and chemical risk assessment, Transportation risk analysis, Inherent safety.
Book Synopsis Production, Characterization, and Applications of Activated Carbon by : Eric Paul Leimkuehler
Download or read book Production, Characterization, and Applications of Activated Carbon written by Eric Paul Leimkuehler and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the production of activated carbon, an environmentally friendly adsorbent which is used in many industries. Activated carbon can be derived from many different sources and produced in varying production processes. The raw materials used, activation process, and process parameters determine the physical properties and performance characteristics of the resulting carbon. Modifying these activation properties determines the porosity and pore volume distribution in the carbon. In preparation for commercial production, detailed mass balances are needed to quantify yield, quantify the masses of waste streams, understand the propensity to recycle the KOH, and to provide a benchmark for further optimization. A mass balance on the reaction of phosphoric acid and KOH with carbon is provided. Additionally, analyzing carbons can be expensive and time consuming, making it important to identify physical properties which indicate that a carbon may have favorable performance characteristics. The following paper proposes three ways of screening carbons: observing the mass loss in the chemical activation process, measuring the density of the carbon, and testing the methane uptake of the carbon in a rapid uptake fixture. Carbons made from different precursors, reacted with different activating agents, and heated at different process temperatures for different process hold times were analyzed.
Book Synopsis To Produce the Activated Carbon from Matured Palm Kernel Shell by : Zarifah Nadiah Mohamad Salleh
Download or read book To Produce the Activated Carbon from Matured Palm Kernel Shell written by Zarifah Nadiah Mohamad Salleh and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this experiment were to prepare the activated carbon from matured palm kernel shell as a raw material by carbonization and the studied which optimum variables such as temperature, concentration of phosphoric acid and cooling down time are suitable. Activated carbon is a form of carbon that has been processed to make extremely porous and have very large surface area for adsorption and chemical reactions. The matured palm kernel shell is carbonized in a glass furnace at elevation temperature after soaked with H3PO4 acid and cooled down the carbonized activated carbon. Methyl orange are used as an indicator to test the carbonized raw material whether it is activated carbon or common charcoal. The real activated carbon would change the orange solution to a clear solution and the solution of different color is analyzed by using FTIR to check the functional group of methyl orange. The result showed that 1000oC is the optimum temperature to carbonize the raw material and the use of 0.35M 3PO acid with the cooling down time at 30 minutes would give the best adsorption of activated carbon after filtration. From the data obtained by FTIR, the 0.35M H43PO acid has showed that the peak functional group of methyl orange is reduced from first filtration till last filtration. It is recommend that the raw material not to be crushed small than 0.2 mm, because it will effect the adsorption and filtration rate. As a conclusion, The activated carbon has been produced from matured palm kernel shell using glass furnace and The optimum effect of variables have been determined by observation and analysis of FTIR, it is at 100004 C of temperature, by impregnated in 0.35M of Phosphoric acid and cool the activated carbon down in 30 minutes are found to be the optimum variables in producing the activated carbon.
Book Synopsis Effects on Surface Area. Intake Capacity and Regeneration of Monoethanolamine by : Saad Khalil
Download or read book Effects on Surface Area. Intake Capacity and Regeneration of Monoethanolamine written by Saad Khalil and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Document from the year 2018 in the subject Engineering - Chemical Engineering, The University of Malaya, language: English, abstract: Granular palm shell activated carbon (AC) was impregnated separately with monoethanolamine (MEA) and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) to improve its natural capacity and selectivity for carbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption. The total surface area, micropore volume, as well as the heterogeneity of the impregnated AC particles was considerably reduced due to impregnation. CO2 intake of impregnated 500 μm AC particles improved significantly and adsorptive capacity of 500 μm MEA-impregnated AC particles improved by 172 % and 44 % comparing to non-impregnated and AMP-impregnated AC particles respectively. Solid state amine stoichiometric results indicated that adsorption capacity of unhindered amine (MEA) is higher than that of hindered amine (AMP) by 50 % contrary to liquid amines standard stoichiometry. Exhausted AMPimpregnated beds were regenerated by sweeping at room temperature with stream of pure nitrogen (N2) flowing at 60 ml/min for 4 hours. Heating up to 75 °C was required to regenerate exhausted MEA-impregnated beds. Increasing feed gas flow rate has adverse effect on breakthrough time more than increasing bed operating temperature. Breakthrough time was utilized to evaluate the performance of the different adsorption beds.
Book Synopsis Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Shell for Water Treatment Application by : Farah Danira Muhamad Afandi
Download or read book Preparation and Characterization of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Shell for Water Treatment Application written by Farah Danira Muhamad Afandi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of a Peanut-shell Based Activated Carbon and the Outcomes of a Hands-on Approach to Chemical Education by : Danielle Pitre
Download or read book Development and Characterization of a Peanut-shell Based Activated Carbon and the Outcomes of a Hands-on Approach to Chemical Education written by Danielle Pitre and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heavy metals are a recognized toxic environmental contaminant, even at very low concentrations. There have been well-known events in the last decade within the US of high amounts of lead in the drinking water supplies of cities, leading to detrimental effects within its population. Ways have been found to remove this metal, and others, from water with expensive adsorbents. The aim of the first part of this research was to create an inexpensive adsorbent from a waste material and modify it in such a way that it would be adept at removing heavy metals from water. In Chapter I, we were able to remove lead, copper, and cadmium using our peanut shell-based activated carbon, getting a high amount of metal adsorption when the activated carbon was activated with phosphoric acid, pyrolyzed, and then cooled under a nitrogen atmosphere. The activated carbon was characterized and found to have a BET surface area of 781 m2g-1 and a Langmuir maximum isotherm capacity of 100.2 mg/g. By using the data obtained in this work, it could lead to the development of further economically made adsorbents to be used to provide more people with clean drinking water. The second part of our work focused on the benefit of a hands-on approach to chemical education. In Chapter IV, we discuss the development and implementation of our NSF-funded summer research experience for undergraduates program, as well as the student-reported results from their 10-week research experience. These surveys showed consistent self-reported growth among the student cohort in the skill sets that were focused on during the program. Chapter V focuses on the development, application, and analysis of results for a novel home-based laboratory component for a semester-long organic chemistry course. It featured 12 lab activities: 8 hands-on experiments and 4 online modeling exercises. By developing and sharing this off-campus approach, we hope to provide an option for other universities that are looking for at-home laboratory experiences for their own students. Overall, we found that these approaches to experiencing chemistry in a hands-on way were beneficial to students and provided them with a greater interest in chemistry.
Book Synopsis Production of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches for Removal of Cadmium by : Amode Jeminat Omotayo
Download or read book Production of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches for Removal of Cadmium written by Amode Jeminat Omotayo and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Different method of preparations had been proposed by prior research studies to remove heavy metals from industrial wastewater. In this research, various PAC samples from oil palm empty fruit bunches have been prepared by physical activation using steam to study the varying operating parameters of activation temperature, activation time and steam flow rate using 2- level full factorial experimental design to screen for the best quality adsorbent. The prepared EFB samples were carbonized for 30 minutes using nitrogen gas, followed by activation with steam gas at different thermal activation temperature of 600, 750 and 900°C with steam flow rates 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 mL/min, and contact time at 15, 30 and 45 minutes respectively for the production of activated carbon. Series of batch laboratory experiments were conducted in order to investigate the feasibility of activated carbon -derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches for the removal cadmium from aqueous solution through the adsorption process. Assessment was carried out by studying the influence of removal of Cadmium due to pH, adsorbent dosage and agitation rate to select the optimum production conditions for the novel PACs. Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) and batch adsorption test, the results indicated that activated carbon derived from 900°C, steam flow rate- 2ml/min and activation time of 15 minutes had maximum adsorption capacity at 2 mins (0.273 mg/g) for the removal of cadmium (97.2 %), R2 = 0.999 in the aqueous solutions with a yield of 21.8% and correlation coefficient R2 = 0.992. The optimum PAC sample selected was investigated through adsorption tests on aqueous solution of cadmium using the adsorption isotherms such as Langmuir and Freundlich to evaluate or predict the adsorption characteristics. In the isotherm studies, the trend of Langmuir and Freundlich coefficients ( , , and n) were in agreement with cadmium initial concentration trend. Batch adsorption studies showed that equilibrium time of 2 mins of agitation at 150 rpm was needed for the adsorption of cadmium on the activated carbon during experiment. The regression coefficient (R2) showed that Langmuir isotherm (R2= 0.984) fits the result better than Freundlich isotherms (R2 = 0.950). The characterization of PACs produced was measured to evaluate its quality and the results showed that 900°C activation temperature, 15 minutes activation time and 2.0 ml/mins steam flow rate had a high surface area of 635.16m2/g. These characteristics were observed to have favoured 900°C activated temperature, 15 mins activation time and 2.0 ml/mins steam flow rate with respect to adsorption of cadmium. EFB based- PAC would be promising in such a way that the industrial oil palm solid residue would.
Book Synopsis Adsorption of Basic and Acid Dyes Using Palm Kernel Shell-based Activated Carbon by : Jumasiah Arsyad
Download or read book Adsorption of Basic and Acid Dyes Using Palm Kernel Shell-based Activated Carbon written by Jumasiah Arsyad and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of batch laboratory studies were conducted in order to investigate the practicability of palm kernel shell (PKS)-based activated carbon for removal of basic dye, Basic Blue 9 (BB 9) and acid dye, Acid Orange 52 (AO 52) from their aqueous solutions. Three different particle sizes of PKS were used and categorized as PKS - S, PKS - M and PKS - L. The adsorption capacities of the PKS-based activated carbons were compared with those of commercial grade coal-based activated carbons at the same conditions. All batch experiments were carried out at a constant temperature of 28oC (±2oC) using incubator shaker that operated at 150 rpm. Batch equilibrium study shows that Adsorption of BB 9 and AO 52 were highly pH dependent. Removal of BB 9 increased with pH with maximum removal observed at pH 7.0, and decreased thereafter with further increase in the initial pH. However, pH effect on AO 52 removal shows that AO 52 removal decreased with an increase in initial pH with the optimum initial was observed at 3.5. batch equilibrium data also a had good agreement with the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherm models with correlation coefficients > 0.9. Overall, the Redlich-Peterson isotherm showed the best fit for all adsorbents under investigation in terms of correlation coefficient as well as error analysis of the results. For all the systems in this study, the analysis of isotherm shape factor showed that adsorption was favorable. For the adsorbents under investigation, PKS-S has the highest adsorption capacity followed by PKS-M. PKS-L and commercial coal based pellet form have almost equally-balanced adsorption capacity. Of all the adsorbents, commercial coal-based in powder form exhibits the lowest adsorption capacity. Obtained results revealed that PKS based activated carbon is a highly potential alternative adsorbent for treatment of dye-containing wastewater. The maximum capacity of the adsorbents for BB 9 were 333.33 mg/g, 322.58 mg/g and 212.77 mg/g for PKS - S, PKS - M and PKS - L, respectively, while for powder and pellet commercial grade coal based, the capacities were 204.08 mg/g and 217.39 mg/g, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum capacities of the same adsorbents for AO 52 were 344.83 mg/g, 333.33 mg/g, 263.16 mg/g, 238.09 mg/g and 322.58 mg/g, respectively. Adsorption capacities of the same adsorbents were found to be higher for adsorption of AO 52 compared to those of BB 9 due to the smaller molecular size of the former. Batch kinetic studies were also performed to investigate the rate limiting of the adsorption process. Results obtained revealed that the adsorption of both BB 9 and AO 52 was rapid at the beginning, but approached equilibrium slowly. Experimental data can be modeled using pseudo-second-order kinetic model as first order kinetic model does not represent the whole range of adsorption process. Other than that, intraparticle diffusion was found to be prominent at a certain stage of adsorption but it would not be the only limiting step that controlled the adsorption dynamic. Kinetic data also showed that the adsorption rates were a function of initial adsorbate concentration, adsorbent particle size and adsorbent mass. For all systems under consideration, the values of k2 increased significantly as adsorbent dose increases. Nevertheless, the values of k2 were inversely proportional to the initial adsorbate concentration and adsorbent particle size. On the other hand, values of kp were found to be directly proportional to the initial adsorbate concentration but decreased gradually as adsorbent particle size and adsorbent dose increases.
Book Synopsis Kinetic Study of Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell for Copper Removal by : Nur Hidayu Binti Misran
Download or read book Kinetic Study of Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell for Copper Removal written by Nur Hidayu Binti Misran and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The production of alternative activated carbon has been resolved to replace the costly activated carbon to remove unwanted heavy metals from contaminated water at low cost. Heavy metals are very toxicity and can harm human body. The environmental pollution became increase due to the discharge of wastewater including heavy metals and toxic nature of copper affects water resources. In this study, activated carbon produced locally from palm kernel shell was examined for the copper removal from aqueous solution by using adsorption process. Palm kernel shell not just available to get but inexpensive material that have ash content, fixed carbon, high carbon and low inorganic content. Adsorption studies conducted in completely to shown the ability of the produced activated carbon to remove copper from aqueous solutions in certain range of pH. The investigation was carried out by studying the influence of pH (1-5), adsorbent dosage (0.3-1.5 g) and initial concentration (150-350 mg/L). The result of the study shown that activated carbon from palm kernel shell with large surface area has high percentage capacity of copper removal compared to small surface area. From the result showed that the optimum parameters for maximum removal efficiency were follows as adsorbent dose (1.5 g), pH (5) and initial concentration (150 mg/L). Based on the batch adsorption experiment, the adsorption isotherm studies indicated that Langmuir model fits better for the present case. While adsorption kinetic indicated that pseudo second order model is the best for the present case.
Book Synopsis Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell as an Adsorbent of Paraquat by : Mohosina Bintay Shahjahan
Download or read book Activated Carbon from Palm Kernel Shell as an Adsorbent of Paraquat written by Mohosina Bintay Shahjahan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highly Efficient Activated Carbon (HEAC) as an adsorbent of toxins has been successfully produced from palm shell through chemical activation process using phosphoric acid as an activating agent. Palm Kernel shell used as the main raw material for activated carbon production, was purchased from a local oil palm mill in Pahang, Malaysia. Temperature range 550 oC - 650 oC was used during the activation process. The effect of temperature variation on the pore size and surface morphology of the activated carbon were studied. Well developed pore size and low number of functional groups observed on activated carbon at 600 oC were determined by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Fourier- Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, respectively. The surface area and pore volume were determined by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method using N2 gas adsorption. The highest surface area (1287 m2g-1) and pore volume (0.74 cm3 g-1) was observed with sample HEAC-2. The adsorption efficiency of HEAC-2 was studied in vitro for paraquat as toxin using distilled water and NaCl (0.9%) solution. These study shows paraquat was adsorbed more on HEAC-2 in the presence of sodium chloride solution (4.68 mgL-1) than in distilled water (3.62 mgL-1). Furthermore, a comparision was done between HEAC-2 (4.68 mgL-1) and commercially available activated carbon (4.18mg L-1) which proved HEAC-2 is more effective than commercially available activated carbon.
Book Synopsis Amination of Palm Shell Based Activated Carbon for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption by : Mohammad Saleh Shafeeyan
Download or read book Amination of Palm Shell Based Activated Carbon for Carbon Dioxide Adsorption written by Mohammad Saleh Shafeeyan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
