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Preterite And Past Participle Forms In English 1680 1790
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Book Synopsis Preterite and Past Participle Forms in English 1680-1790 by : Larisa Oldireva Gustafsson
Download or read book Preterite and Past Participle Forms in English 1680-1790 written by Larisa Oldireva Gustafsson and published by Uppsala Universitet. This book was released on 2002 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Language Between Description and Prescription by : Lieselotte Anderwald
Download or read book Language Between Description and Prescription written by Lieselotte Anderwald and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-06-02 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Language Between Description and Prescription is an empirical, quantitative and qualitative study of nineteenth-century English grammar writing, and of nineteenth-century language change. Based on 258 grammar books from Britain and North America, the book investigates whether grammar writers of the time noticed the language changing around them, and how they reacted. In particular, Lieselotte Anderwald demonstrates that not all features undergoing change were noticed in the first place, those that were noticed were not necessarily criticized, and some recessive features were not upheld as correct. The features investigated come from the verb phrase and include in particular variable past tense forms, which -although noticed-often went uncommented, and where variation was acknowledged; the decline of the be-perfect, where the older form (the be-perfect) was criticized emphatically, and corrected; the rise of the progressive, which was embraced enthusiastically, and which was even upheld as a symbol of national superiority, at least in Britain; the rise of the progressive passive, which was one of the most violently hated constructions of the time, and the rise of the get-passive, which was only rarely commented on, and even more rarely in negative terms. Throughout the book, nineteenth-century grammarians are given a voice, and the discussions in grammar books of the time are portrayed. The book's quantitative approach makes it possible to examine majority and minority positions in the discourse community of nineteenth-century grammar writers, and the changes in accepted opinion over time. The terms of the debate are also investigated, and linked to the wider cultural climate of the time. Although grammar writing in the nineteenth century was very openly prescriptivist, the studies in this book show that many prescriptive dicta contained interesting grains of descriptive detail, and that eventually prescriptivism had only a small-scale, short-term effect on the actual language used.
Book Synopsis The English Phrasal Verb, 1650-present by : Paula Rodríguez-Puente
Download or read book The English Phrasal Verb, 1650-present written by Paula Rodríguez-Puente and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fine-grained qualitative and quantitative analysis of phrasal verbs covering almost 400 years, based on large amounts of empirical evidence.
Book Synopsis Syntax, Style and Grammatical Norms by : Christiane Dalton-Puffer
Download or read book Syntax, Style and Grammatical Norms written by Christiane Dalton-Puffer and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2006 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A selection of papers from the 13th International Conference on English Historical Linguistics (ICEHL), which took place from 24-28 August 2004 at the University of Vienna"--P. [7].
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of English Historical Linguistics by : Merja Kytö
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of English Historical Linguistics written by Merja Kytö and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: English historical linguistics is a subfield of linguistics which has developed theories and methods for exploring the history of the English language. This Handbook provides an account of state-of-the-art research on this history. It offers an in-depth survey of materials, methods, and language-theoretical models used to study the long diachrony of English. The frameworks covered include corpus linguistics, historical sociolinguistics, historical pragmatics and manuscript studies, among others. The chapters, by leading experts, examine the interplay of language theory and empirical data throughout, critically assessing the work in the field. Of particular importance are the diverse data sources which have become increasingly available in electronic form, allowing the discipline to develop in new directions. The Handbook offers access to the rich and many-faceted spectrum of work in English historical linguistics, past and present, and will be useful for researchers and students interested in hands-on research on the history of English.
Book Synopsis The Subjunctive in the Age of Prescriptivism by : A. Auer
Download or read book The Subjunctive in the Age of Prescriptivism written by A. Auer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph focuses on the description, use and development of the inflectional subjunctive in English and German in the eighteenth century. A close comparison between meta-linguistic comments (eighteenth-century grammars) and actual language usage (corpus study) allows the evaluation of the influence of prescriptivism on language change.
Book Synopsis Unlocking the History of English by : Luisella Caon
Download or read book Unlocking the History of English written by Luisella Caon and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2024-04-15 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together contributions selected from papers delivered at the 21st International Conference on English Historical Linguistics (ICEHL, Leiden 2021). The chapters deal with aspects of language use throughout the history of English, including efforts to prescribe and regulate language in texts that share specific forms, functions and audiences. They feature both quantitative and qualitative analyses of changing language use, often in relation to trends of language advice in such metalinguistic works as grammars, spelling books and usage guides. The authors showcase work on pragmatics and prescriptivism (understatement between Middle and Late Modern English, capitalization of common nouns from Early to Late Modern English and the use of stigmatized grammatical variants in eighteenth-century plays), specific text types (case studies of political, legal and medical English) and the language of late modern letters (diachronic stylistic changes, letter-copying practices, the role of letter-writing manuals and changing spelling practices). This volume will be of interest to those working on pragmatics, prescriptivism and sociolinguistics of English, historical linguistics, language change, computational historical linguistics and related sub-disciplines.
Book Synopsis An Introduction to Early Modern English by : Terttu Nevalainen
Download or read book An Introduction to Early Modern English written by Terttu Nevalainen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terttu Nevalainen helps students to place the language of the period 1500-1700 in its historical context, whilst showing its regional and social variations. He focuses on the structure of the 'general dialect' and its spelling, vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation, as well as its dialectal origins.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the History of English by : Terttu Nevalainen (linguiste)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the History of English written by Terttu Nevalainen (linguiste) and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 983 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This ambitious handbook takes advantage of recent advances in the study of the history of English to rethink the understanding of the field.
Book Synopsis The progressive in 19th-century English by : Erik Smitterberg
Download or read book The progressive in 19th-century English written by Erik Smitterberg and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2016-08-29 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume is an empirical, corpus-based study of the progressive in 19th-century English. As the 1800s have been relatively neglected in previous research, and as the study is based on a new cross-genre corpus focusing on this period (CONCE = A Corpus of Nineteenth-Century English), the volume adds significantly to our knowledge of the historical development of the progressive. The use of two separate measures enables an accurate account of the frequency development of the progressive, which is also related to multi-feature/multi-dimensional analyses. Other topics covered include the complexity of progressive verb phrases and the distribution of the construction across linguistic parameters such as clause type. Special attention is paid to progressives that express something beyond purely aspectual meaning. The results show that the progressive became more fully integrated into English grammar over the 19th century, but also that linguistic and extralinguistic parameters affected this integration process; for instance, the construction was more common in women’s than in men’s private letters. Owing to the wide methodological scope of the study, it is of interest to linguists specializing in corpus linguistics, language variation and change, verbal syntax, the progressive, or the linguistic expression of aspect, either in synchrony or diachrony.
Book Synopsis Grammar, Rhetoric and Usage in English by : Nuria Yáñez-Bouza
Download or read book Grammar, Rhetoric and Usage in English written by Nuria Yáñez-Bouza and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-18 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The preposition is of particular interest to syntacticians, historians and sociolinguists of English, as its placement within a sentence is influenced by syntactic and sociolinguistic constraints, and by how the 'rules' regarding prepositions have changed over time, as a result of language change, of change in attitudes towards language, and of processes such as standardization. This book investigates preposition placement in the early and late Modern English periods (1500–1900), with a special focus on preposition stranding (The house which I live in) in opposition to pied piping (The house in which I live). Based on a large-scale analysis of precept and usage data, this study reassesses the alleged influence of late eighteenth-century normative works on language usage. It also sheds new light on the origins of the stigmatisation of preposition stranding. This study will be of interest to scholars working on syntax and grammar, corpus linguistics, historical linguistics and sociolinguistics.
Book Synopsis Studies in Late Modern English Correspondence by : Marina Dossena
Download or read book Studies in Late Modern English Correspondence written by Marina Dossena and published by Peter Lang. This book was released on 2008 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The studies presented in this volume concentrate on aspects of Late Modern English correspondence in the usage of individuals belonging to different social classes, writing for different purposes, and finding themselves in different social contexts, both in Britain and in its colonies. As the growing body of research published in recent years has shown, analysing the language of letters presents both a challenge and an opportunity to obtain access to as full a range of styles as would be possible for a period for which we only have access to the language in its written form. It is an area of study in which all the contributors have considerable expertise, which affords them to present data findings while discussing important methodological issues. In addition, in most cases data derive from specially-designed 'second-generation' corpora, reflecting state-of-the-art approaches to historical sociolinguistics and pragmatics. Theoretical issues concerning letters as a text type, their role in social network analysis, and their value in the identification of register or variety specific traits are highlighted, alongside issues concerning the (often less than easy) relationship between strictly codified norms and actual usage on the part of speakers whose level of education could vary considerably.
Book Synopsis Syntactic Change in Late Modern English by : Erik Smitterberg
Download or read book Syntactic Change in Late Modern English written by Erik Smitterberg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-11-25 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Syntactic Change in Late Modern English presents a stability paradox to linguists; despite the many social changes that took place between 1700 and 1900, the language appeared to be structurally stable during this period. This book resolves this paradox by presenting a new, idiolect-centred perspective on language change, and shows how this framework is applicable to change in any language. It then demonstrates how an idiolect-centred framework can be reconciled with corpus-linguistic methodology through four original case studies. These concern colloquialization (the process by which oral features spread to writing) and densification (the process by which meaning is condensed into shorter linguistic units), two types of change that characterize Modern English. The case studies also shed light on the role of genre and gender in language change and contribute to the discussion of how to operationalize frequency in corpus linguistics. This study will be essential reading for researchers in historical linguistics, corpus linguistics and sociolinguistics.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the History of English by : Terttu Nevalainen
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the History of English written by Terttu Nevalainen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-10 with total page 983 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The availability of large electronic corpora has caused major shifts in linguistic research, including the ability to analyze much more data than ever before, and to perform micro-analyses of linguistic structures across languages. This has historical linguists to rethink many standard assumptions about language history, and methods and approaches that are relevant to the study of it. The field is now interested in, and attracts, specialists whose fields range from statistical modeling to acoustic phonetics. These changes have even transformed linguists' perceptions of the very processes of language change, particularly in English, the most studied language in historical linguistics due to the size of available data and its status as a global language. The Oxford Handbook of the History of English takes stock of recent advances in the study of the history of English, broadening and deepening the understanding of the field. It seeks to suggest ways to rethink the relationship of English's past with its present, and make transparent the variety of conditions and processes that have been instrumental in shaping that history. Setting a new standard of cross-theoretical collaboration, it covers the field in an innovative way, providing diachronic accounts of major influences such as language contact, and typological processes that have shaped English and its varieties, as well as highlighting recent and ongoing developments of Englishes--celebrating the vitality of language change over the centuries and the many contexts and processes through which language change occurs.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Historical Orthography by : Marco Condorelli
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Historical Orthography written by Marco Condorelli and published by . This book was released on 2023-10-12 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a team of global scholars, this is the first Handbook covering the rapidly growing field of historical orthography. Comprehensive yet accessible, it is essential reading for academic researchers and students in the field, and in related areas such as morphology, syntax, historical linguistics, linguistic typology and sociolinguistics.
Book Synopsis Standardising English Spelling by : Marco Condorelli
Download or read book Standardising English Spelling written by Marco Condorelli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-04-07 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a particular focus on the Early Modern English period, this book explores the standardisation of English spelling.
Book Synopsis Letter Writing and Language Change by : Anita Auer
Download or read book Letter Writing and Language Change written by Anita Auer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Letter Writing and Language Change outlines the historical sociolinguistic value of letter analysis, both in theory and practice. The chapters in this volume make use of insights from all three 'Waves of Variation Studies', and many of them, either implicitly or explicitly, look at specific aspects of the language of the letter writers in an effort to discover how those writers position themselves and how they attempt, consciously or unconsciously, to construct social identities. The letters are largely from people in the lower strata of social structure, either to addressees of the same social status or of a higher status. In this sense the question of the use of 'standard' and/or 'nonstandard' varieties of English is in the forefront of the contributors' interest. Ultimately, the studies challenge the assumption that there is only one 'legitimate' and homogenous form of English or of any other language.
