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Presidential Decision Making And Military Intervention In The Post Cold War Era
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Book Synopsis Presidential Decision Making and Military Intervention in the Post–Cold War Era by : Dennis N. Ricci
Download or read book Presidential Decision Making and Military Intervention in the Post–Cold War Era written by Dennis N. Ricci and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-07-08 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presidential Decision Making and Military Intervention in the Post–Cold War Era analyzes eight case studies of presidential decision making and military intervention and non intervention since the end of the Cold War.
Book Synopsis Ideas and the Use of Force in American Foreign Policy by : Rees, Morgan
Download or read book Ideas and the Use of Force in American Foreign Policy written by Rees, Morgan and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2021-11-10 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The decision to mount an armed foreign intervention is one of the most consequential that a US president can take. This book sets out to explain why and when presidents choose to use force. The book examines decisions to use force throughout the post-Cold War period, via flashpoints including the Balkans, the ‘War on Terror’ and the Middle East. It develops new explanations for variation in the use of force in US foreign policy by theorizing and demonstrating the effects of the displacement and repression of ideas within and across different US presidential administrations, from George H.W. Bush to Donald Trump. For students, scholars and anyone with an interest in international relations and global security, this book is an original perspective on a defining issue of recent decades.
Book Synopsis Presidents and Foreign Policy by : Edward R. Drachman
Download or read book Presidents and Foreign Policy written by Edward R. Drachman and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 1997-04-25 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presidents and Foreign Policy examines countdowns to ten important and controversial decisions in the post-World War II period, using the case study approach. The authors include one major controversy for each president from Truman to Clinton. The cases cover central issues of diplomacy, war and peace, and covert action that shaped the Cold War period and its aftermath in all major areas of the world. After reviewing the historical background of each decision, each case examines the foreign and domestic policy context, the effectiveness of presidential decision-making, and results of the decision. The reader is challenged to think about each decision by responding to a unique evaluation scheme the authors developed and tested.
Book Synopsis Leaders at War by : Elizabeth N. Saunders
Download or read book Leaders at War written by Elizabeth N. Saunders and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-27 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most contentious issues in contemporary foreign policy—especially in the United States—is the use of military force to intervene in the domestic affairs of other states. Some military interventions explicitly try to transform the domestic institutions of the states they target; others do not, instead attempting only to reverse foreign policies or resolve disputes without trying to reshape the internal landscape of the target state. In Leaders at War, Elizabeth N. Saunders provides a framework for understanding when and why great powers seek to transform foreign institutions and societies through military interventions. She highlights a crucial but often-overlooked factor in international relations: the role of individual leaders. Saunders argues that leaders’ threat perceptions—specifically, whether they believe that threats ultimately originate from the internal characteristics of other states—influence both the decision to intervene and the choice of intervention strategy. These perceptions affect the degree to which leaders use intervention to remake the domestic institutions of target states. Using archival and historical sources, Saunders concentrates on U.S. military interventions during the Cold War, focusing on the presidencies of Eisenhower, Kennedy, and Johnson. After demonstrating the importance of leaders in this period, she also explores the theory’s applicability to other historical and contemporary settings including the post–Cold War period and the war in Iraq.
Book Synopsis Ideas and the Use of Force in American Foreign Policy by : Rees, Morgan
Download or read book Ideas and the Use of Force in American Foreign Policy written by Rees, Morgan and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2021-11-10 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the post-Cold War period, this book sets out to explain why and when US presidents choose to use force. It develops new explanations for variation in the use of force in US foreign policy by theorizing and demonstrating the effects of the displacement and repression of ideas within and across different US Presidential administrations.
Book Synopsis U.S. intervention policy in the post-cold war world by :
Download or read book U.S. intervention policy in the post-cold war world written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Post-Cold War Presidency by : Anthony J. Eksterowicz
Download or read book The Post-Cold War Presidency written by Anthony J. Eksterowicz and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1999 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the end of the Cold War, U.S. presidential leadership has become both more important and more difficult. Post-war periods have historically posed challenges to leadership, and this time around the long-time image of the Oleader of the free worldO has declined in the face of globalization and increased interdependence among nations. It is exactly this complex environment that makes Americans look ever more to their president for guidance. This accessibly-written volume discusses socio-cultural, political, and economic changes during and after the Cold War period and how these have affected modern presidential leadership. Prominent contributors cover key issues_image and character, domestic and foreign policy, distraction theory, domestic and international economics, executive/legislative relations, security/intelligence, executive dominance, and activist government_and suggest strategies for helping to ensure a strong presidency in the future.
Book Synopsis Making American Foreign Policy by : Philip J. Briggs
Download or read book Making American Foreign Policy written by Philip J. Briggs and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 1994 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text explores the struggle between the President and Congress to shape US foreign policy from World War II, through Vietnam, Operation Desert Storm, to the Clinton Administration's policy in Somalia. Case studies are included.
Download or read book Intervention written by Richard Haass and published by Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. This book was released on 1999 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Fact Sheet Draws upon case studies - including Iraq, Bosnia, Haiti, Somalia, & Lebanon - & suggests political & military guidelines for potential U.S. military interventions ranging from peacekeeping & humanitarian operations to preventative strikes & all-out warfare.
Book Synopsis U.S. Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War Era by : Glenn J. Antizzo
Download or read book U.S. Military Intervention in the Post-Cold War Era written by Glenn J. Antizzo and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2010-06-01 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the post--World War II era, American foreign policy prominently featured direct U.S. military intervention in the Third World. Yet the cold war placed restraints on where and how Washington could intervene until the collapse of the former Soviet Union removed many of the barriers to -- and ideological justifications for -- American intervention. Since the end of the cold war, the United States has completed several military interventions that may be guided by motives very different from those invoked before the collapse of the Berlin Wall. Likewise, such operations, now free from the threat of counterintervention by any other superpower, seem governed by a new set of rules. In this readily accessible study, political scientist Glenn J. Antizzo identifies fifteen factors critical to the success of contemporary U.S. military intervention and evaluates the likely efficacy of direct U.S. military involvement today -- when it will work, when it will not, and how to undertake such action in a manner that will bring rapid victory at an acceptable political cost. He lays out the preconditions that portend success, among them a clear and attainable goal; a mission that is neither for "peacekeeping" nor for "humanitarian aid within a war zone"; a strong probability the American public will support or at least be indifferent to the effort; a willingness to utilize ground forces if necessary; an operation limited in geographic scope; and a theater commander permitted discretion in the course of the operation. Antizzo then tests his abstract criteria by using real-world case studies of the most recent fully completed U.S. military interventions -- in Panama in 1989, Iraq in 1991, Somalia in 1992--94, and Kosovo in 1999 -- with Panama, Iraq, and Kosovo representing generally successful interventions and Somalia an unsuccessful one. Finally, he considers how the development of a "Somalia Syndrome" affected U.S. foreign policy and how the politics and practice of military intervention have continued to evolve since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, giving specific attention to the current war in Afghanistan and the larger War on Terror. U.S. Military Intervention in the Post--Cold War Era exemplifies political science at its best: the positing of a hypothetical model followed by a close examination of relevant cases in an effort to provide meaningful insights for future American international policy.
Book Synopsis Marines on the Beach by : Christopher Paul
Download or read book Marines on the Beach written by Christopher Paul and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Paul explores both how and why U.S. military intervention decisions are made. Pursuit of that inquiry requires the identification of decision participants, thorough examination of the decision making processes they employ, and recognition of several factors that influence intervention decisions: the national interest, legitimacy, and the legacies of previous policies. This book provides chapter length treatment of each of these issues. The research is based on detailed historical case studies for the four U.S. Marines on the beach military interventions in Latin America since World War II: The Dominican Republic (1965), Grenada (1983), Panama (1989), and Haiti (1994). Additional cases (notably Afghanistan and Iraq) enter the discussion when considering findings with broader implications. Of the existing theories of governance that compete to explain government policy making, Paul finds that elite theory provides the best general model for intervention decision making, but that the notions of both pluralist and class theorists contribute to a complete explanation, and sometimes in an unexpected way. Findings also indicate considerable contribution from and constraint by institutional sources. However, far from finding that institutional factors are wholly deterministic, this research offers support for a choice-within-constraints model. Conclusions suggest that top decision-makers (especially the president) enjoy wide latitude in framing the national interest and in choosing where to and where not to intervene.
Book Synopsis Risk and Presidential Decision-making by : Trenta Luca
Download or read book Risk and Presidential Decision-making written by Trenta Luca and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at gauging whether the nature of US foreign policy decision-making has changed after the Cold War as radically as a large body of literature seems to suggest, and develops a new framework to interpret presidential decision-making in foreign policy. It locates the study of risk in US foreign policy in a wider intellectual landscape that draws on contemporary debates in historiography, international relations and Presidential studies. Based on developments in the health and environment literature, the book identifies the President as the ultimate risk-manager, demonstrating how a President is called to perform a delicate balancing act between risks on the domestic/political side and risks on the strategic/international side. Every decision represents a ‘risk vs. risk trade-off,’ in which the management of one ‘target risk’ leads to the development ‘countervailing risks.’ The book applies this framework to the study three major crises in US foreign policy: the Cuban Missile Crisis, the seizure of the US Embassy in Tehran in 1979, and the massacre at Srebrenica in 1995. Each case-study results from substantial archival research and over twenty interviews with policymakers and academics, including former President Jimmy Carter and former Senator Bob Dole. This book is ideal for postgraduate researchers and academics in US foreign policy, foreign policy decision-making and the US Presidency as well as Departments and Institutes dealing with the study of risk in the social sciences. The case studies will also be of great use to undergraduate students.
Book Synopsis Democracy by Force by : Karin von Hippel
Download or read book Democracy by Force written by Karin von Hippel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1999 book is a study of US military interventions after the Cold War.
Book Synopsis Long Wars and the Constitution by : Stephen M. Griffin
Download or read book Long Wars and the Constitution written by Stephen M. Griffin and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a wide-ranging constitutional history of presidential war decisions from 1945 to the present, Stephen M. Griffin rethinks the long-running debate over the “imperial presidency” and concludes that the eighteenth-century Constitution is inadequate to the challenges of a post-9/11 world. The Constitution requires the consent of Congress before the United States can go to war. Truman’s decision to fight in Korea without gaining that consent was unconstitutional, says Griffin, but the acquiescence of Congress and the American people created a precedent for presidents to claim autonomy in this arena ever since. The unthinking extension of presidential leadership in foreign affairs to a point where presidents unilaterally decide when to go to war, Griffin argues, has destabilized our constitutional order and deranged our foreign policy. Long Wars and the Constitution demonstrates the unexpected connections between presidential war power and the constitutional crises that have plagued American politics. Contemporary presidents are caught in a dilemma. On the one hand are the responsibilities handed over to them by a dangerous world, and on the other is an incapacity for sound decisionmaking in the absence of interbranch deliberation. President Obama’s continuation of many Bush administration policies in the long war against terrorism is only the latest in a chain of difficulties resulting from the imbalances introduced by the post-1945 constitutional order. Griffin argues for beginning a cycle of accountability in which Congress would play a meaningful role in decisions for war, while recognizing the realities of twenty-first century diplomacy.
Download or read book After the War written by James Dobbins and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the post-World War II era through the Cold War, post-Cold War era, and current war on terrorism, this volume assesses how U.S. presidential decisionmaking style and administrative structure can work in favor of, as well as against, the nation-building goals of the U.S. government and military and those of its coalition partners and allies.
Book Synopsis Historical Encyclopedia of U.S. Presidential Use of Force, 1789-2000 by : Karl R. DeRouen
Download or read book Historical Encyclopedia of U.S. Presidential Use of Force, 1789-2000 written by Karl R. DeRouen and published by Greenwood. This book was released on 2001 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of military force without a declaration of war has been a weapon in the arsenal of U.S. presidents for the last 200 years. Force has become an increasingly more (relevant) foreign policy action in the post-Cold War world. This comprehensive resource approaches the study of the use of force from several theoretical approaches: the historical record, which includes regional analyses of Latin America/the Caribbean, Europe, Asia, the Middle East/North Africa, and Sub-Saharan Africa; the data sets that focus on the use of force; the international level, which includes democratic peace, multilateralism, and Yugoslavia; domestic politics, which includes Congress, the media, and public opinion; executive-congressional relations, including political and constitutional issues; ethics; and theories of decision making on the use of force. The volume includes a list of important concepts and terms and a selected bibliography, as well as suggested readings following each entry, and an index. It will be of interest to students and scholars in political science, U.S. history, international relations, and foreign policy. Academic libraries and selected public libraries will also be interested in this comprehensive volume.
Book Synopsis Stealth, Precision, and the Making of American Foreign Policy - Review of Interests and Conflicts, Korean War, Vietnam, Mayaguez, Iranian Hostages, Le by : U. S. Military
Download or read book Stealth, Precision, and the Making of American Foreign Policy - Review of Interests and Conflicts, Korean War, Vietnam, Mayaguez, Iranian Hostages, Le written by U. S. Military and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-02-16 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War greatly reduced the risk that a limited, peripheral conflict would escalate to a major war between the great powers. It would seem, with this constraint removed, that the United States should be freer to intervene militarily in the affairs of other peoples. Indeed, in the last decade of the twentieth century, the United States intervened militarily as many times as it had during the full forty years of the Cold War. Alternatively, the decision to intervene had always been based on the best interest of America. With the fall of the Soviet Union, America's most vital national interest, its security, was assured. Logic would dictate a less-interventionist foreign policy, as the need to intervene was drastically reduced. This study examines the paradox by investigating the presidential decision making process that leads to military intervention, determining the relative weight for intervention before and after the Cold War, and assessing the importance of technology - in this case the maturity of the combination of stealth aircraft and precision guided weapons - that made the president's decision to intervene after 1990 easier. The president's decision is influenced by six domestic and international factors: national interest, domestic politics, potential for success, potential cost (in lives), public support, and coalition or alliance responsibilities. Tracking changes in the relative influence of each of these factors over time, the importance of promising technological capabilities emerges as much more significant than the shift in balance of power in explaining the increased intervention policies of the United States. Specifically, conclusions are drawn on the real impact of stealth and precision's ability to reduce not only American casualties, but also collateral casualties and damage as well. Given the impact of military technological developments on foreign policy, considerations for future policy makers are recommended as new capabilities near fielding.Introduction * The Benefits Of Military Action: Interests * Domestic Politics: Congress And The Media * Will It Work? The Prospects For Success * The Cost Of Intervention: Casualties And Risk * The Foreign Factor: Coalitions And Alliances * ConclusionCertainly, technology must be carefully integrated into policy, and allowance made for breakthrough or unanticipated revolutionary technologies, but technology itself should not be the arbiter of great power actions. National policy should be formed through the combination of principle and vision, forethought and wisdom, not as a reaction to chance and happenstance.But study of the historical integration of technology into the policy making process leads to the inevitable conclusion that technology can and does drive policy, to a lesser or greater degree depending on a multitude of circumstances. There is a great difference between what does occur and what should happen, and this thesis grapples with precisely that dilemma. Knowing that technology can and often does drive strategy, and ultimately policy, and aware that the side that fails to acquire and adapt cutting edge technology may lose to the state that does so efficiently, the question became reversed. Why shouldn't technology drive policy?Domestically, the president must consider a number of crucial factors when deciding whether or not to put American troops in harm's way. Most of these are a product of the American form of representative government. The president and Congress, both elected by the citizens of the nation, share governing power. As the "center of the movement toward war," the president must first determine whether or not going to war is in the best interest of the nation.
