Preparation And Properties Of Monomers Polymers And Composite Materials

Download Preparation And Properties Of Monomers Polymers And Composite Materials full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Preparation And Properties Of Monomers Polymers And Composite Materials ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Preparation and Properties of Monomers, Polymers and Composite Materials

Author : Antonio Ballada
Publisher : Nova Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781600215575
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (155 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Preparation and Properties of Monomers, Polymers and Composite Materials by : Antonio Ballada

Download or read book Preparation and Properties of Monomers, Polymers and Composite Materials written by Antonio Ballada and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface; Enhancement of miscibility in multi-component solutions on the basis of three polymers and common solvents; Reinforcement of the Interface in Drawn Polymer Blends PS/PA-12; Quantum chemical calculation linear olefins and not conjugate diolefins; Technology computers search of new more effective catalysts cationic polymerisation olefins; Quantum chemical calculation and an estimation of acid force linear and ramified connected diens; Magnetic rectal suppositories for medical application: Investigation of their physical and chemical properties; Studying of a magnetic resonance in contrasting agents on the basis of biodecomposed magnetic fluids; Investigation of Micellisation at Non-ionic Surfactants in their solutions; Association of molecules and formation of micelles in solutions ionic surfactants; The interaction of surfactants with Ion Polymeric Sorbents; How the structure of sulphuryl amides influences the light stabilising properties; Of complex aerohydrodynamic research and the effectiveness of arresting dispersed particles for barbotage-rotation; The mechanism of selective oxidation of ethylbenzene with dioxygen into phenylethylhydroperoxide at catalysis by Fe(III)(acac)3, activated with additives of 18-crown-6 as ligand-modifier; Enhanced photo and thermal oxidative stability of charge-transfer complexes of conjugated polymers; Preparation and investigation of physical and chemical properties of ionic magnetic fluids on the basis of cobalt ferrite; Immunomagnetic separation of human hematopoietic cells: Physical -- chemical bases and medical -- biologic investigation; Emulsion polymerisation of (meth)acrylates: Characteristics of kinetics and mechanism; Behaviour of composite materials under micro-organisms of soil; New technologies for fast liquid-phase chemical processes; Index.

Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources

Author : Mohamed Naceur Belgacem
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080560512
Total Pages : 562 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources by : Mohamed Naceur Belgacem

Download or read book Monomers, Polymers and Composites from Renewable Resources written by Mohamed Naceur Belgacem and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-10 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progressive dwindling of fossil resources, coupled with the drastic increase in oil prices, have sparked a feverish activity in search of alternatives based on renewable resources for the production of energy. Given the predominance of petroleum- and carbon-based chemistry for the manufacture of organic chemical commodities, a similar preoccupation has recently generated numerous initiatives aimed at replacing these fossil sources with renewable counterparts. In particular, major efforts are being conducted in the field of polymer science and technology to prepare macromolecular materials based on renewable resources. The concept of the bio-refinery, viz. the rational exploitation of the vegetable biomass in terms of the separation of its components and their utilisation as such, or after suitable chemical modifications, is thus gaining momentum and considerable financial backing from both the public and private sectors. This collection of chapters, each one written by internationally recognised experts in the corresponding field, covers in a comprehensive fashion all the major aspects related to the synthesis, characterization and properties of macromolecular materials prepared using renewable resources as such, or after appropriate modifications. Thus, monomers such as terpenes and furans, oligomers like rosin and tannins, and polymers ranging from cellulose to proteins and including macromolecules synthesized by microbes, are discussed with the purpose of showing the extraordinary variety of materials that can be prepared from their intelligent exploitation. Particular emphasis has been placed on recent advances and imminent perspectives, given the incessantly growing interest that this area is experiencing in both the scientific and technological realms. Discusses bio-refining with explicit application to materials Replete with examples of applications of the concept of sustainable development Presents an impressive variety of novel macromolecular materials

Functional Monomers and Polymers, Second Edition

Author : Kiichi Takemoto
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824799915
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (999 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Functional Monomers and Polymers, Second Edition by : Kiichi Takemoto

Download or read book Functional Monomers and Polymers, Second Edition written by Kiichi Takemoto and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-07-17 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting solutions to more recently identified problems, this work focuses on the chemistry and technology involved in the functionalization of monomers, and the preparation and processing of polymers to serve specific material needs. It reflects the advances that have occurred in the field since the publication of the first edition.

Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials

Author : Visakh P. M.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119301696
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials by : Visakh P. M.

Download or read book Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials written by Visakh P. M. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-08-22 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents new and innovative bio-based monomers to replace traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, this book discusses new developments in the area of bio monomers and green polymeric composite materials. It covers bio monomers, green polymeric composites, composites from renewable resources, bio-sourced polymers, green composites, biodegradation, processing methods, green polymeric gels, and green polymeric membranes. Each chapter in Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials presents the most recent research and technological ideas in a comprehensive style. It examines bio monomers for green polymer and the processing methods for the bio nanocomposites. It covers the preparation, characterization, and applications of bio-polymeric materials based blends, as well as the applications of biopolymeric gels in medical biotechnology. The book also explores the properties and applications of gelatins, pectins, and carrageenans gels. Additionally, it offers a plethora of information on green polymeric membranes; the bio-degradation of green polymeric composites materials; applications of green polymeric composites materials; hydrogels used for biomedical applications; and the use of natural aerogels as thermal insulations. Introduces readers to the innovative, new bio-based monomers that are taking the place of traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Covers green polymers, green composites, bio-sourced polymers, bio nanocomposites, biodegradable polymers, green polymer gels, and membranes Features input from leading researchers immersed in the area of study Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials is suitable for academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and advanced students in the field of bio monomers and green polymeric composites materials.

New Monomers and Polymers

Author : Charles U. Pittman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468446193
Total Pages : 493 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis New Monomers and Polymers by : Charles U. Pittman

Download or read book New Monomers and Polymers written by Charles U. Pittman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in preparing new polymers peaked about 1966. Since that time, industrial and government support for the synthesis and study of new polymers has steadily declined. Gone are the good days when government funds supported a great push to attain ulti mate thermal stability for organic polymeric materials. Gone are the good days when many chemical companies, encouraged by the obvious potential for rewards, had great interest and provided support for preparing new polymers. We now often hear managers say "we have enough polymers" or "all we need to do is find additional and better ways to use existing polymers. " The latter often in cludes the statement, "we can get the new materials that are wanted from polymer alloys or blends. " Interest in preparing new monomers has also waned, even though it is well recognized that monomers with special functionality are greatly needed to fine-tune existing polymers for specific tasks. Shrinkage of interest in new monomer and polymer research has not come about solely as a result of the obvious maturity of the polymers industry. Since uses for polymers continue to grow and there is still room for good concepts to study, lack of market growth and fields of study have probably not significantly contribu ted to that shrinkage.

Monomers, Oligomers, Polymers, Composites and Nanocomposites Research: Synthesis, Properties and Applications

Author : Richard Arthur Pethrick
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781604568776
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (687 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Monomers, Oligomers, Polymers, Composites and Nanocomposites Research: Synthesis, Properties and Applications by : Richard Arthur Pethrick

Download or read book Monomers, Oligomers, Polymers, Composites and Nanocomposites Research: Synthesis, Properties and Applications written by Richard Arthur Pethrick and published by . This book was released on 2008-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The role of polymer chemistry (pure and applied sciences) is very prominent in the world of science today, but it is heading away from polymers and polymer blends towards composites and nanocomposites. This allows for the creation of new materials with unique properties and new possibilities which is the subject of this book.

Preparation and Properties of Polymer Blends

Author : M. Zakikhani
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (599 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Preparation and Properties of Polymer Blends by : M. Zakikhani

Download or read book Preparation and Properties of Polymer Blends written by M. Zakikhani and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Self-Healing Polymers

Author : Wolfgang H. Binder
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527670203
Total Pages : 638 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Self-Healing Polymers by : Wolfgang H. Binder

Download or read book Self-Healing Polymers written by Wolfgang H. Binder and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-healing is a well-known phenomenon in nature: a broken bone merges after some time and if skin is damaged, the wound will stop bleeding and heals again. This concept can be mimicked in order to create polymeric materials with the ability to regenerate after they have suffered degradation or wear. Already realized applications are used in aerospace engineering, and current research in this fascinating field shows how different self-healing mechanisms proven successful by nature can be adapted to produce even more versatile materials. The book combines the knowledge of an international panel of experts in the field and provides the reader with chemical and physical concepts for self-healing polymers, including aspects of biomimetic processes of healing in nature. It shows how to design self-healing polymers and explains the dynamics in these systems. Different self-healing concepts such as encapsulated systems and supramolecular systems are detailed. Chapters on analysis and friction detection in self-healing polymers and on applications round off the book.

Wood-Polymer Composites

Author : K O Niska
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1845694570
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (456 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Wood-Polymer Composites by : K O Niska

Download or read book Wood-Polymer Composites written by K O Niska and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-05-29 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wood-polymer composites (WPC) are materials in which wood is impregnated with monomers that are then polymerised in the wood to tailor the material for special applications. The resulting properties of these materials, from lightness and enhanced mechanical properties to greater sustainability, has meant a growing number of applications in such areas as building, construction and automotive engineering. This important book reviews the manufacture of wood-polymer composites, how their properties can be assessed and improved and their range of uses.After an introductory chapter, the book reviews key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials, manufacturing technologies and interactions between wood and synthetic polymers. Building on this foundation, the following group of chapters discusses mechanical and other properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance. The book concludes by looking at orientated wood-polymer composites, wood-polymer composite foams, at ways of assessing performance and at the range of current and future applications.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Wood-polymer composites is a valuable reference for all those using and studying these important materials. Provides a comprehensive survey of major new developments in wood-polymer composites Reviews the key aspects of manufacture, including raw materials and manufacturing technologies Discusses properties such as durability, creep behaviour and processing performance

Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials, Polymeric Composites

Author : Vijay Kumar Thakur
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111922442X
Total Pages : 728 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials, Polymeric Composites by : Vijay Kumar Thakur

Download or read book Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials, Polymeric Composites written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique multidisciplinary 8-volume set focuses on the emerging issues concerning synthesis, characterization, design, manufacturing and various other aspects of composite materials from renewable materials and provides a shared platform for both researcher and industry. The Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials comprises a set of 8 individual volumes that brings an interdisciplinary perspective to accomplish a more detailed understanding of the interplay between the synthesis, structure, characterization, processing, applications and performance of these advanced materials. The Handbook comprises 169 chapters from world renowned experts covering a multitude of natural polymers/ reinforcement/ fillers and biodegradable materials. Volume 6 is solely focused on the "Polymeric Composites". Some of the important topics include but not limited to: Keratin as renewable material for developing polymer composites; natural and synthetic matrices; hydrogels in tissue engineering; smart hydrogels: application in bioethanol production; principle renewable biopolymers; application of hydrogel biocomposites for multiple drug delivery; nontoxic holographic materials; bioplasticizer-epoxidized vegetable oils-based poly (lactic acid) blends and nanocomposites; preparation, characterization and adsorption properties of poly (DMAEA) – cross-linked starch gel copolymer in wastewater treatments; study of chitosan cross-linking hydrogels for absorption of antifungal drugs using molecular modelling; pharmaceutical delivery systems composed of chitosan; eco-friendly polymers for food packaging; influence of surface modification on the thermal stability and percentage of crystallinity of natural abaca fiber; influence of the use of natural fibers in composite materials assessed on a life cycle perspective; plant polysaccharides-blended ionotropically-gelled alginate multiple-unit systems for sustained drug release; vegetable oil based polymer composites; applications of chitosan derivatives in wastewater treatment; novel lignin-based materials as a products for various applications; biopolymers from renewable resources and thermoplastic starch matrix as polymer units of multi-component polymer systems for advanced applications; chitosan composites: preparation and applications in removing water pollutants and recent advancements in biopolymer composites for addressing environmental issues.

Synthesis Techniques for Polymer Nanocomposites

Author : Vikas Mittal
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527670327
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Synthesis Techniques for Polymer Nanocomposites by : Vikas Mittal

Download or read book Synthesis Techniques for Polymer Nanocomposites written by Vikas Mittal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book series 'Polymer Nano-, Micro- and Macrocomposites' provides complete and comprehensive information on all important aspects of polymer composite research and development, including, but not limited to synthesis, filler modification, modeling, characterization as well as application and commercialization issues. Each book focuses on a particular topic and gives a balanced in-depth overview of the respective subfield of polymer composite science and its relation to industrial applications. With the books the readers obtain dedicated resources with information relevant to their research, thereby helping to save time and money. Summarizing all the most important synthesis techniques used in the lab as well as in industry, this book is comprehensive in its coverage from chemical, physical and mechanical viewpoints. This book helps readers to choose the correct synthesis route, such as suspension and miniemulsion polymerization, living polymerization, sonication, mechanical methods or the use of radiation, and so achieve the desired composite properties.

Handbook of Engineering Polymeric Materials

Author : P. Cheremisinoff
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824797997
Total Pages : 928 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (979 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Handbook of Engineering Polymeric Materials by : P. Cheremisinoff

Download or read book Handbook of Engineering Polymeric Materials written by P. Cheremisinoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-07-25 with total page 928 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting practical information on new and conventional polymers and products as alternative materials and end-use applications, this work details technological advancements in high-structure plastics and elastomers, functionalized materials, and their product applications. The book also provides a comparison of manufacturing and processing techniques from around the world. It emphasizes product characterization, performance attributes and structural properties.

Expanding Monomers

Author : Rajender Kumar Sadhir
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000141675
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Expanding Monomers by : Rajender Kumar Sadhir

Download or read book Expanding Monomers written by Rajender Kumar Sadhir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-07-25 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding Monomers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications provides a thorough discussion of expanding polymer systems and their potential applications. The scope of the book includes background information on conventional monomers, their polymeric systems, and associated shrinkage problems. Monomers that expand during polymerization are covered in detail, including their synthesis and characterization. Polymerization (homopolymerization and copolymerization) of expanding monomers is discussed, in addition to mechanisms and kinetics of several polymerization processes, such as cationic initiation and free radical ring-opening polymerization. The book also explores various applications in which expanding polymer systems have potential. These applications include coatings, casting and potting materials, composite adhesives, and electrical insulations. Expanding Monomers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications will be valuable as a reference for manufacturers, researchers, teachers, and students in polymer and materials science, in addition to industry and university libraries.

Polymer-Based Materials and Composites-Synthesis, Assembly, Properties and Applications: Volume 1312

Author : Zhongyang Cheng
Publisher : Materials Research Society
ISBN 13 : 9781605112893
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (128 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Polymer-Based Materials and Composites-Synthesis, Assembly, Properties and Applications: Volume 1312 by : Zhongyang Cheng

Download or read book Polymer-Based Materials and Composites-Synthesis, Assembly, Properties and Applications: Volume 1312 written by Zhongyang Cheng and published by Materials Research Society. This book was released on 2011-08-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Symposium HH, "Polymer-Based Smart Materials-Process, Properties, and Application," Symposium II, "Polymer-Based Nanocomposites," and Symposium JJ, "Nanostructured Polymeric Materials-Synthesis and Assembly," were held Nov. 29-Dec. 3 at the 2010 MRS Fall Meeting in Boston, Massachusetts. Polymeric materials pervade all walks of life. Recent advances in polymerization chemistry, polymer assembly and polymer processing have resulted in a rich array of polymer-based materials with tailored properties through precise control of molecular structures and architecture. This symposium proceedings volume represents the recent advances in polymerization chemistry, polymer assembly and processing. Exciting recent developments occurring in polymeric materials include, new and efficient drug delivery vehicles, novel polymer composite materials, smart and self-healing materials, and novel optoelectronic and dielectric applications.

Bio-based Polymers and Nanocomposites

Author : Muhammed Lamin Sanyang
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030058255
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio-based Polymers and Nanocomposites by : Muhammed Lamin Sanyang

Download or read book Bio-based Polymers and Nanocomposites written by Muhammed Lamin Sanyang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the various types of polymer and nanocomposites that can be derived from biorenewable resources. It covers various aspects of biobased polymers and nanocomposites, including preparation, processing, properties, and performance, and the latest advances in these materials. It also includes recent findings from leading researchers in academia and industry, government, and private research laboratories around the globe, providing the latest information on biobased polymers and nanocomposites. Offering an overview of the entire production process, it guides readers through all stages, from the raw source materials, processing and property characterization to application performance. This book is suitable for professionals and researchers seeking in-depth practical information as well as the fundamental science behind this. It also serves as a point of reference for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as postdoctoral researchers working in the area of polymer and composites with a special emphasis on biobased materials.

Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials

Author : Visakh P. M.
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119301645
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (193 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials by : Visakh P. M.

Download or read book Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composite Materials written by Visakh P. M. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-11-04 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents new and innovative bio-based monomers to replace traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, this book discusses new developments in the area of bio monomers and green polymeric composite materials. It covers bio monomers, green polymeric composites, composites from renewable resources, bio-sourced polymers, green composites, biodegradation, processing methods, green polymeric gels, and green polymeric membranes. Each chapter in Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials presents the most recent research and technological ideas in a comprehensive style. It examines bio monomers for green polymer and the processing methods for the bio nanocomposites. It covers the preparation, characterization, and applications of bio-polymeric materials based blends, as well as the applications of biopolymeric gels in medical biotechnology. The book also explores the properties and applications of gelatins, pectins, and carrageenans gels. Additionally, it offers a plethora of information on green polymeric membranes; the bio-degradation of green polymeric composites materials; applications of green polymeric composites materials; hydrogels used for biomedical applications; and the use of natural aerogels as thermal insulations. Introduces readers to the innovative, new bio-based monomers that are taking the place of traditional petrochemical-based building blocks Covers green polymers, green composites, bio-sourced polymers, bio nanocomposites, biodegradable polymers, green polymer gels, and membranes Features input from leading researchers immersed in the area of study Bio Monomers for Green Polymeric Composites Materials is suitable for academics, researchers, scientists, engineers and advanced students in the field of bio monomers and green polymeric composites materials.

Marine Composites

Author : Richard Pemberton
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0081019130
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (81 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Marine Composites by : Richard Pemberton

Download or read book Marine Composites written by Richard Pemberton and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine Composites: Design and Performance presents up-to-date information and recent research findings on the application and use of advanced fibre-reinforced composites in the marine environment. Following the success of their previously published title: Marine Applications of Advanced Fibre-reinforced Composites which was published in 2015; this exemplary new book provides comprehensive information on materials selection, characterization, and performance. There are also dedicated sections on sandwich structures, manufacture, advanced concepts, naval architecture and design considerations, and various applications. The book will be an essential reference resource for designers, materials engineers, manufactures, marine scientists, mechanical engineers, civil engineers, coastal engineers, boat manufacturers, offshore platform and marine renewable design engineers. Presents a unique, high-level reference on composite materials and their application and use in marine structures Provides comprehensive coverage on all aspects of marine composites, including the latest advances in damage modelling and assessment of performance Contains contributions from leading experts in the field, from both industry and academia Covers a broad range of naval, offshore and marine structures