Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Download Preferred Crystal Orientations In The Fast Ice Along The Margins Of The Arctic Ocean full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Preferred Crystal Orientations In The Fast Ice Along The Margins Of The Arctic Ocean ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Author : W. F. Weeks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Preferred Crystal Orientations in the Fast Ice Along the Margins of the Arctic Ocean written by W. F. Weeks and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : W. F. Weeks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Preferred Crystal Orientations in the Fast Ice Along the Margins of the Arctic Ocean written by W. F. Weeks and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Field observations of the growth fabrics of the fast and near-fast ice along the coasts of the Beaufort and Chukchi Seas show that, at depths of more than 60 cm below the upper ice surface, the sea ice crystals show striking alignments within the horizontal plane. At one site this alignment was well developed at a depth of 15 cm and in all cases the degree of preferred orientation increased with depth, with the strongest orientations occurring at the bottom of the ice sheet. In general the c-axes of the crystals were aligned roughly E-W parallel to the coast. In the vicinity of islands the alignment roughly paralleled the outlines of the islands and in narrow passes between islands the alignment paralleled the channel. Our observations, as well as similar observations made in the Kara Sea by Cherepanov, can be explained if it is assumed that the c-axes of the crystals are aligned parallel to the 'long-term' current direction at the sea ice/sea water interface. The alignments are believed to be the result of geometric selection among the growing crystals, with the most favored orientation being that in which the current flows normal to the (0001) plates of ice that make up the dendritic ice/water interface characteristics of sea ice. It is hypothesized that current flow in this direction reduces the thickness of the solute boundary layer as well as the salinity in the liquid at the interface. This lowered salinity allows crystals in the favored orientation to extend farther into the melt than neighboring crystals with less favored orientations. In addition the current tends to induce a continuous flux of supercooled seawater against the sides of the crystals that extend ahead of the interface.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Antarctic Journal of the United States written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book CRREL Technical Publications written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Proceedings of a Synthesis Meeting written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Relates to U.S. Dept. of the Interior's proposed sale 71, the second major Beaufort Sea lease sale. Sale 71 area located on Alaskan arctic coast. Two sections: characterization of Sale 71 environments, and interdisciplinary process analyses, impact predictions, and issue discussions.
Author : Nirmal K. Sinha
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119420466
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Engineering Physics of High-Temperature Materials written by Nirmal K. Sinha and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-02-15 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ENGINEERING PHYSICS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE MATERIALS Discover a comprehensive exploration of high temperature materials written by leading materials scientists In Engineering Physics of High-Temperature Materials: Metals, Ice, Rocks, and Ceramics distinguished researchers and authors Nirmal K. Sinha and Shoma Sinha deliver a rigorous and wide-ranging discussion of the behavior of different materials at high temperatures. The book discusses a variety of physical phenomena, from plate tectonics and polar sea ice to ice-age and intraglacial depression and the postglacial rebound of Earth’s crust, stress relaxation at high temperatures, and microstructure and crack-enhanced Elasto Delayed Elastic Viscous (EDEV) models. At a very high level, Engineering Physics of High-Temperature Materials (EPHTM) takes a multidisciplinary view of the behavior of materials at temperatures close to their melting point. The volume particularly focuses on a powerful model called the Elasto-Delayed-Elastic-Viscous (EDEV) model that can be used to study a variety of inorganic materials ranging from snow and ice, metals, including complex gas-turbine engine materials, as well as natural rocks and earth formations (tectonic processes). It demonstrates how knowledge gained in one field of study can have a strong impact on other fields. Engineering Physics of High-Temperature Materials will be of interest to a broad range of specialists, including earth scientists, volcanologists, cryospheric and interdisciplinary climate scientists, and solid-earth geophysicists. The book demonstrates that apparently dissimilar polycrystalline materials, including metals, alloys, ice, rocks, ceramics, and glassy materials, all behave in a surprisingly similar way at high temperatures. This similarity makes the information contained in the book valuable to all manner of physical scientists. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the importance of a unified model of high temperature material behavior, including high temperature deformation and the strength of materials An exploration of the nature of crystalline substances for engineering applications, including basic materials classification, solid state materials, and general physical principles Discussions of forensic physical materialogy and test techniques and test systems Examinations of creep fundamentals, including rheology and rheological terminology, and phenomenological creep failure models Perfect for materials scientists, metallurgists, and glaciologists, Engineering Physics of High-Temperature Materials: Metals, Ice, Rocks, and Ceramics will also earn a place in the libraries of specialists in the nuclear, chemical, and aerospace industries with an interest in the physics and engineering of high-temperature materials.
Author : Matti Leppäranta
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031256050
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)
Download or read book Freezing of Lakes and the Evolution of Their Ice Cover written by Matti Leppäranta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-05 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book updates the first edition for the status of knowledge in the physics of lake ice and the interactions between the ice cover and the liquid water underneath. Since the first edition was written in 2013, there has been a lot of progress in the field, in particular concerning environmental questions and the impact of climate change. Life conditions in ice-covered lakes and practical matters are now brought more into the picture so that the revision also properly serves as a handbook for applications. The author has worked widely with boreal lakes, polar lakes and Central Asian lakes that provides a wide geographical spectrum. Chapter 1 gives a brief overview and presents the research fields. The second chapter contains the classification of ice-covered lakes and observation techniques, especially remote sensing. In Chapter 3, the structure and properties of lake ice are presented including optics and geochemistry. Ice growth and melting are treated in Chapter 4, while the following chapter focuses on ice mechanics with applications to traffic on ice and ice loads. Chapter 6 goes into the exotic environment of pro-glacial lakes. Chapter 7 contains the stratification and circulation of the water body beneath lake ice, Chapter 8 presents the winter ecology of freezing lakes and discusses the lake ice interface toward the society, and Chapter 9 summarizes the climate change impact on lake ice seasons. The book ends into a brief closing chapter and list of references. Research problems for student learning are listed throughout the book. Annexes are included to provide numerical data of constants and standard formulae to help practical calculations and student tasks. Lake ice closely interacts with human living conditions, but people have learnt to live with that and to utilize the ice. In the present time this is true for on-ice traffic and recreation activities. Ice fishing has become a widely enjoyed hobby, and winter sports such as skiing, skating, and ice sailing are popular activities on frozen lakes. The lake ice response to eventual climate warming would appear as a shortening of the ice season due to the increasing air temperature and also as changing of the quality of the ice seasons via changes in ice thickness and structure. The book gives the whole story of lake ice into a single volume. The second, revised edition updates the content based on recent progress in winter limnology and ice physics research and applications. The author has contributed to lake ice research since the 1980s. In particular, his topics have been lake ice structure and thermodynamics, light transfer in ice and snow, ice mechanics in large lakes, and lake ice climatology. Mathematical modeling of ice growth, drift, and decay are covered in this research.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book CRREL Benchnotes written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 816 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Margaret Leinen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400909950
Total Pages : 904 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Paleoclimatology and Paleometeorology: Modern and Past Patterns of Global Atmospheric Transport written by Margaret Leinen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NATO Advanced Research Workshop on "Paleoclimatology and Paleometeorology: Modem and Past Patterns of Global Atmospheric Transport" (held at Oracle, Arizona, USA from November 17-19, 1987) brought together atmospheric chemists, physicists, and meteorologists who study the origin and transport of modem-day mineral and biological aerosols with geologists and paleobotanists who study the sedimentary record of eolian and hydrologic processes along with modelers who study and conceptualize the processes influencing atmospheric transport at present and in the past. Presentations at the workshop provided a guide to our present knowledge of the entire spectrum of processes and phenomena important to the generation, transport, and deposition of eolian terrigenous material that ultimately becomes part of the geologic record and the modeling techniques that used to represent these processes. The presenta tions on the geologic record of eolian deposition documented our present understanding of the na~e and causes of climate change on time scales of the last glacial ages (tens of thousands of years) to time scales over which the arrangement of continents, mountains, and oceans has changed sub stantially (tens of millions of years). There has been a growing recognition of the importance of global climatic changes to the future well-being of humanity. In particular, the climatic response to human alterations to the earth's surface and chemical composition has led to concern over the agricultural, ecological, and societal impacts of such potential global changes.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Interim Synthesis Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines consequences of outer continental shelf petroleum development in light of current knowledge. Cover title: Environmental assessment of the Alaskan continental shelf.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1050 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Monthly Catalogue, United States Public Documents written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1050 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1044 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Bureau of the Census
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1326 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)
Download or read book CENFOR written by United States. Bureau of the Census and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 1326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book CRREL Monograph written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Environmental Assessment of the Alaskan Continental Shelf written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael I. Mishchenko
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080510205
Total Pages : 721 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Light Scattering by Nonspherical Particles written by Michael I. Mishchenko and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-09-22 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is hardly a field of science or engineering that does not have some interest in light scattering by small particles. For example, this subject is important to climatology because the energy budget for the Earth's atmosphere is strongly affected by scattering of solar radiation by cloud and aerosol particles, and the whole discipline of remote sensing relies largely on analyzing the parameters of radiation scattered by aerosols, clouds, and precipitation. The scattering of light by spherical particles can be easily computed using the conventional Mie theory. However, most small solid particles encountered in natural and laboratory conditions have nonspherical shapes. Examples are soot and mineral aerosols, cirrus cloud particles, snow and frost crystals, ocean hydrosols, interplanetary and cometary dust grains, and microorganisms. It is now well known that scattering properties of nonspherical particles can differ dramatically from those of "equivalent" (e.g., equal-volume or equal-surface-area) spheres. Therefore, the ability to accurately compute or measure light scattering by nonspherical particles in order to clearly understand the effects of particle nonsphericity on light scattering is very important. The rapid improvement of computers and experimental techniques over the past 20 years and the development of efficient numerical approaches have resulted in major advances in this field which have not been systematically summarized. Because of the universal importance of electromagnetic scattering by nonspherical particles, papers on different aspects of this subject are scattered over dozens of diverse research and engineering journals. Often experts in one discipline (e.g., biology) are unaware of potentially useful results obtained in another discipline (e.g., antennas and propagation). This leads to an inefficient use of the accumulated knowledge and unnecessary redundancy in research activities. This book offers the first systematic and unified discussion of light scattering by nonspherical particles and its practical applications and represents the state-of-the-art of this important research field. Individual chapters are written by leading experts in respective areas and cover three major disciplines: theoretical and numerical techniques, laboratory measurements, and practical applications. An overview chapter provides a concise general introduction to the subject of nonspherical scattering and should be especially useful to beginners and those interested in fast practical applications. The audience for this book will include graduate students, scientists, and engineers working on specific aspects of electromagnetic scattering by small particles and its applications in remote sensing, geophysics, astrophysics, biomedical optics, and optical engineering. - The first systematic and comprehensive treatment of electromagnetic scattering by nonspherical particles and its applications - Individual chapters are written by leading experts in respective areas - Includes a survey of all the relevant literature scattered over dozens of basic and applied research journals - Consistent use of unified definitions and notation makes the book a coherent volume - An overview chapter provides a concise general introduction to the subject of light scattering by nonspherical particles - Theoretical chapters describe specific easy-to-use computer codes publicly available on the World Wide Web - Extensively illustrated with over 200 figures, 4 in color
