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Predicting Crime
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Book Synopsis Against Prediction by : Bernard E. Harcourt
Download or read book Against Prediction written by Bernard E. Harcourt and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From random security checks at airports to the use of risk assessment in sentencing, actuarial methods are being used more than ever to determine whom law enforcement officials target and punish. And with the exception of racial profiling on our highways and streets, most people favor these methods because they believe they’re a more cost-effective way to fight crime. In Against Prediction, Bernard E. Harcourt challenges this growing reliance on actuarial methods. These prediction tools, he demonstrates, may in fact increase the overall amount of crime in society, depending on the relative responsiveness of the profiled populations to heightened security. They may also aggravate the difficulties that minorities already have obtaining work, education, and a better quality of life—thus perpetuating the pattern of criminal behavior. Ultimately, Harcourt shows how the perceived success of actuarial methods has begun to distort our very conception of just punishment and to obscure alternate visions of social order. In place of the actuarial, he proposes instead a turn to randomization in punishment and policing. The presumption, Harcourt concludes, should be against prediction.
Book Synopsis Predictive Policing by : Walt L. Perry
Download or read book Predictive Policing written by Walt L. Perry and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2013-09-23 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predictive policing is the use of analytical techniques to identify targets for police intervention with the goal of preventing crime, solving past crimes, or identifying potential offenders and victims. These tools are not a substitute for integrated approaches to policing, nor are they a crystal ball. This guide assesses some of the most promising technical tools and tactical approaches for acting on predictions in an effective way.
Book Synopsis Predict and Surveil by : Sarah Brayne
Download or read book Predict and Surveil written by Sarah Brayne and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-10-22 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predict and Surveil offers an unprecedented, inside look at how police use big data and new surveillance technologies. Sarah Brayne conducted years of fieldwork with the LAPD--one of the largest and most technically advanced law enforcement agencies in the world-to reveal the unmet promises and very real perils of police use of data--driven surveillance and analytics.
Book Synopsis Predictability of Things by : Charles Nehme
Download or read book Predictability of Things written by Charles Nehme and published by Charles Nehme. This book was released on with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the realm of human inquiry and endeavor, the pursuit of predictability stands as a cornerstone of our collective aspirations. From the early civilizations' attempts to forecast celestial events to the modern era's sophisticated predictive analytics, the quest to anticipate future outcomes has been a driving force behind scientific inquiry, technological innovation, and human progress. This preface serves as an introduction to the multifaceted concept of predictability and its myriad implications across diverse domains. As we embark on a journey through the intricacies of prediction, we find ourselves grappling with fundamental questions about uncertainty, causality, and the limits of human knowledge. In the pages that follow, we will explore the principles, methodologies, and applications of predictability in fields as varied as meteorology, finance, epidemiology, and beyond. We will delve into the tools and techniques that enable us to decipher patterns, discern trends, and make informed decisions in an uncertain world. But beyond the technical intricacies lies a deeper philosophical inquiry into the nature of prediction itself. What does it mean to predict? How do we reconcile the tension between determinism and randomness in our understanding of the world? And what are the ethical and societal implications of harnessing predictive power for human ends? As we navigate these questions and embark on a voyage into the realm of predictability, we invite you, dear reader, to join us on a journey of exploration and discovery. For in the pursuit of predictability lies not only the promise of foresight and control but also a deeper understanding of the mysteries that surround us and the boundless potential of the human intellect.
Book Synopsis Crime Analysis by : Marjorie Kravitz
Download or read book Crime Analysis written by Marjorie Kravitz and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Understanding Crime Trends by : National Research Council
Download or read book Understanding Crime Trends written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-05 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes over time in the levels and patterns of crime have significant consequences that affect not only the criminal justice system but also other critical policy sectors. Yet compared with such areas as health status, housing, and employment, the nation lacks timely information and comprehensive research on crime trends. Descriptive information and explanatory research on crime trends across the nation that are not only accurate, but also timely, are pressing needs in the nation's crime-control efforts. In April 2007, the National Research Council held a two-day workshop to address key substantive and methodological issues underlying the study of crime trends and to lay the groundwork for a proposed multiyear NRC panel study of these issues. Six papers were commissioned from leading researchers and discussed at the workshop by experts in sociology, criminology, law, economics, and statistics. The authors revised their papers based on the discussants' comments, and the papers were then reviewed again externally. The six final workshop papers are the basis of this volume, which represents some of the most serious thinking and research on crime trends currently available.
Book Synopsis The Prediction of Criminal Behaviour by : Thomas Gabor
Download or read book The Prediction of Criminal Behaviour written by Thomas Gabor and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an introduction to the techniques of predicting criminal behaviour, and the ethical and practical issues surrounding them. It discusses the use of prediction in bail, sentencing, and parole decisions, as well as in the allocation of treatments to offenders and presents a typology of predictive approaches. This typology serves as the framework for a discussion of the various predictive factors, including sex, race and ethnicity, age, personality and intelligence, socio-economic status, criminal history, institutional adjustment, drug and alcohol use, etc. Issues of variable measurement and sampling are reviewed, as are some of the statistical methods used to predict criminality, including the Burgess Method, predictive attributive analysis, multiple regression, multidiscriminant analysis, and log-linear techniques. The book concludes with an evaluation of the potential value of statistical predictions.
Book Synopsis Predictive Policing and The Construction of The 'Criminal' by : Shivangi Narayan
Download or read book Predictive Policing and The Construction of The 'Criminal' written by Shivangi Narayan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-11 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a cultural investigation of the police in India and how it uses data and algorithmic tools for crime mapping.The book draws on an ethnographic study of Delhi Police's hotspot mapping endeavour. It provides a sociological investigation of the police in India and how they use data and algorithmic tools for crime mapping. It discusses how ‘criminals’ are constructed in these systems, typically, the marginalised residents of slums and immigrant colonies. It explores how the algorithm reifies existing assumptions and prejudices about 'criminals' as artificial intelligence systems are deeply intertwined with the culture and beliefs of those who make and use them. It pays special attention to the discriminatory practices of relevant police officers and how this ‘predictive’ policing perpetuates harm to the most marginalised. This book contributes to discussions around big data and surveillance studies broadly.
Download or read book Pre-crime written by Jude McCulloch and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pre-crime aims to pre-empt ‘would-be-criminals’ and predict future crime. Although the term is borrowed from science fiction, the drive to predict and pre-empt crime is a present-day reality. This book critically explores this major twenty-first century development in crime and justice. This first in-depth study of pre-crime defines and describes different types of pre-crime and compares it to traditional post-crime and crime risk approaches. It analyses the rationales that underpin pre-crime as a response to threats, particularly terrorism, and shows how it is spreading to other areas. It also underlines the historical continuities that prefigure the emergence of pre-crime, as well as exploring the new technologies and forms of surveillance that claim the ability to predict crime and identify future criminals. Through the use of examples and case studies it provides insights into how pre-crime generates the crimes it purports to counter, providing compelling evidence of the problems that arise when we act as if we know the future and aim to control it through punishing, disrupting or incapacitating those we predict might commit future crimes. Drawing on literature from criminology, law, international relations, security and globalization studies, this book sets out a coherent framework for the continued study of pre-crime and addresses key issues such as terminology, its links to past practises, its likely future trajectories and its impact on security, crime and justice. It is essential reading for academics and students in security studies, criminology, counter-terrorism, surveillance, policing and law, as well as practitioners and professionals in these fields.
Download or read book Policing written by Carol A. Archbold and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most diverse and inclusive books for the policing course, Policing: The Essentials, focuses on core concepts and contemporary research to provide a foundational understanding of policing in the current climate of criminal justice.
Download or read book Criminal Futures written by Simon Egbert and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how predictive policing transforms police work. Police departments around the world have started to use data-driven applications to produce crime forecasts and intervene into the future through targeted prevention measures. Based on three years of field research in Germany and Switzerland, this book provides a theoretically sophisticated and empirically detailed account of how the police produce and act upon criminal futures as part of their everyday work practices. The authors argue that predictive policing must not be analyzed as an isolated technological artifact, but as part of a larger sociotechnical system that is embedded in organizational structures and occupational cultures. The book highlights how, for crime prediction software to come to matter and play a role in more efficient and targeted police work, several translation processes are needed to align human and nonhuman actors across different divisions of police work. Police work is a key function for the production and maintenance of public order, but it can also discriminate, exclude, and violate civil liberties and human rights. When criminal futures come into being in the form of algorithmically produced risk estimates, this can have wide-ranging consequences. Building on empirical findings, the book presents a number of practical recommendations for the prudent use of algorithmic analysis tools in police work that will speak to the protection of civil liberties and human rights as much as they will speak to the professional needs of police organizations. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to students and scholars of criminology, sociology, and cultural studies as well as to police practitioners and civil liberties advocates, in addition to all those who are interested in how to implement reasonable forms of data-driven policing.
Book Synopsis Criminal Justice in Transition by : Anne-Marie McAlinden
Download or read book Criminal Justice in Transition written by Anne-Marie McAlinden and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-12 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents a critical examination of key aspects of crime and criminal justice in Northern Ireland which will have resonance elsewhere. It considers the core aspects of criminal justice policy-making in Northern Ireland which are central to the process of post-conflict transition, including reform of policing, judicial decision-making and correctional services such as probation and prisons. It examines contemporary trends in criminal justice in Northern Ireland and various dimensions of crime relating to female offenders, young offenders, sexual and violent offenders, community safety and restorative justice. The book also considers the extent to which crime and criminal justice issues in Northern Ireland are being affected by the broader processes of 'policy transfer', globalisation and transnationalism and the extent to which criminal justice in Northern Ireland is divergent from the other jurisdictions in the United Kingdom. Written by leading international authorities in the field, the book offers a snapshot of the cutting edge of critical thinking in criminal justice practice and transitional justice contexts.
Book Synopsis Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2021 by : Giorgio Resta
Download or read book Roma Tre Law Review – 02/2021 written by Giorgio Resta and published by Roma TrE-Press. This book was released on 2022-03-07 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Roma Tre Law Review” is a law review sponsored by the Department of Law of the University of Roma Tre. It is not focused on a specific topic or a set of issues, but it is aimed at surveying transversally – and from an interdisciplinary perspective – the national and trans-national legal landscape. Its main aim is to promote the diffusion of the Italian legal culture, and namely the type of scholarship produced at Roma Tre, abroad, as well as to investigate the development of the law in several fields and places from an Italian and European viewpoint. Accordingly, the review will host contributions ideally characterized by a specific set of features, and namely by their openness to comparative, historical, and interdisciplinary perspectives on all legal issues of not strictly local concern.
Book Synopsis Foundations of Crime Analysis by : Jeffery T. Walker
Download or read book Foundations of Crime Analysis written by Jeffery T. Walker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-12 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the fields of crime analysis and environmental criminology have grown in prominence for their advancements made in understanding crime. This book offers a theoretical and methodological introduction to crime analysis, covering the main techniques used in the analysis of crime and the foundation of crime mapping. Coverage includes discussions of: The development of crime analysis and the profession of the crime analyst, The theoretical roots of crime analysis in environmental criminology, Pertinent statistical methods for crime analysis, Spatio-temporal applications of crime analysis, Crime mapping and the intersection of crime analysis and police work, Future directions for crime analysis. Packed with case studies and including examples of specific problems faced by crime analysts, this book offers the perfect introduction to the analysis and investigation of crime. It is essential reading for students taking courses on crime analysis, crime mapping, crime prevention, and environmental criminology. A companion website offers further resources for students, including flashcards and video and website links. For instructors, it includes chapter-by-chapter PowerPoint slides.
Book Synopsis Advances in Data and Information Sciences by : Shailesh Tiwari
Download or read book Advances in Data and Information Sciences written by Shailesh Tiwari and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-02 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers a collection of high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented at the 5th International Conference on Data and Information Sciences (ICDIS 2023), held at Raja Balwant Singh Engineering Technical Campus, Agra, India, on June 16–17, 2023. The book covers all aspects of computational sciences and information security, including central topics like artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and big data. Highlighting the latest developments and technical solutions, it shows readers from the computer industry how to capitalize on key advances in next-generation computer and communication technology.
Book Synopsis Soft Computing and Signal Processing by : Vustikayala Sivakumar Reddy
Download or read book Soft Computing and Signal Processing written by Vustikayala Sivakumar Reddy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of International Conference on Recent Innovations in Computing by : Yashwant Singh
Download or read book Proceedings of International Conference on Recent Innovations in Computing written by Yashwant Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
