Postal Culture In Europe 1500 1800

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Postal Culture in Europe, 1500-1800

Author : Jay Caplan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Postal Culture in Europe, 1500-1800 by : Jay Caplan

Download or read book Postal Culture in Europe, 1500-1800 written by Jay Caplan and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the early modern period the public postal systems became central pillars of the emerging public sphere. Despite the importance of the post in the transformation of communication, commerce and culture, little has been known about the functioning of the post or how it affected the lives of its users and their societies. In Postal culture in Europe, 1500-1800, Jay Caplan provides the first historical and cultural analysis of the practical conditions of letter-exchange at the dawn of the modern age. Caplan opens his analysis by exploring the economic, political, social and existential interests that were invested in the postal service, and traces the history of the three main European postal systems of the era, the Thurn and Taxis, the French Royal Post and the British Post Office. He then explores how the post worked, from the folding and sealing of letters to their collection, sorting, and transportation. Beyond providing service to the general public, these systems also furnished early modern states with substantial revenue and effective surveillance tools in the form of the Black Cabinets or Black Chambers. Caplan explains how postal services highlighted the tension between state power and the emerging concept of the free individual, with rights to private communication outside the public sphere. Postal systems therefore affected how letter writers and readers conceived and expressed themselves as individuals, which the author demonstrates through an examination of the correspondence of Voltaire and Rousseau, not merely as texts but as communicative acts. Ultimately, Jay Caplan provides readers with both a comprehensive overview of the changes wrought by the newly-public postal system - from the sounds that one heard to the perception of time and distance - and a thought provoking account of the expectations and desires that have led to our culture of instant communication.

The Writing Public

Author : Elizabeth Andrews Bond
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501753576
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Writing Public by : Elizabeth Andrews Bond

Download or read book The Writing Public written by Elizabeth Andrews Bond and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-15 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inspired by the reading and writing habits of citizens leading up to the French Revolution, The Writing Public is a compelling addition to the long-running debate about the link between the Enlightenment and the political struggle that followed. Elizabeth Andrews Bond scoured France's local newspapers spanning the two decades prior to the Revolution as well as its first three years, shining a light on the letters to the editor. A form of early social media, these letters constituted a lively and ongoing conversation among readers. Bond takes us beyond the glamorous salons of the intelligentsia into the everyday worlds of the craftsmen, clergy, farmers, and women who composed these letters. As a result, we get a fascinating glimpse into who participated in public discourse, what they most wanted to discuss, and how they shaped a climate of opinion. The Writing Public offers a novel examination of how French citizens used the information press to form norms of civic discourse and shape the experience of revolution. The result is a nuanced analysis of knowledge production during the Enlightenment. Thanks to generous funding from The Ohio State University Libraries and its participation in TOME (Toward an Open Monograph Ecosystem), the ebook editions of this book are available as Open Access (OA) volumes, available on the Cornell University Press website and other Open Access repositories.

Religion and Culture in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1800

Author : Kasper von Greyerz
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195327659
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Religion and Culture in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1800 by : Kasper von Greyerz

Download or read book Religion and Culture in Early Modern Europe, 1500-1800 written by Kasper von Greyerz and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2008 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the pre-industrial societies of early modern Europe, religion was a vessel of fundamental importance in making sense of personal and collective social, cultural and spiritual exercises. This text presents Kaspar von Greyerz's important overview and interpretation of the religions and cultures of Early Modern Europe.

The European World 1500–1800

Author : Beat Kümin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351394126
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis The European World 1500–1800 by : Beat Kümin

Download or read book The European World 1500–1800 written by Beat Kümin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-18 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European World 1500-1800 provides a concise and authoritative textbook for the centuries between the Renaissance and the French Revolution. It presents early modern Europe not as a mere transition phase, but a dynamic period worth studying in its own right. Written by an experienced team of specialists, and derived from a successful undergraduate course, it offers a student-friendly introduction to all major themes and processes of early modern history. This third edition features greatly expanded coverage of ‘The Wider World’, with added chapters on relations with the Ottoman empire, European settlement overseas and the global exchange of goods. Other new content includes an overview of early modern medicine and comprehensive timelines for each of the thematic parts. Specially designed to assist learning, The European World 1500-1800 features: expert surveys of key topics written by an international group of historians suggestions for seminar discussion and further reading extracts from primary sources and generous illustrations, including maps a glossary of key terms and concepts a full index of persons, places and subjects and a much enhanced companion website, offering colour images, direct access to primary materials, and interactive features which highlight key events and locations discussed in the volume. The European World 1500-1800 will be essential reading for all students embarking on the discovery of the early modern period. For support with the early modern historiographical debates see the partnering volume Interpreting Early Modern Europe Edited by C. Scott Dixon and Beat Kumin - https://www.routledge.com/Interpreting-Early-Modern-Europe/Dixon-Kumin/p/book/9781138799011

Tracing the Shadow of Secrecy and Government Transparency in Eighteenth-Century France

Author : Nicole Bauer
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031122364
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Tracing the Shadow of Secrecy and Government Transparency in Eighteenth-Century France by : Nicole Bauer

Download or read book Tracing the Shadow of Secrecy and Government Transparency in Eighteenth-Century France written by Nicole Bauer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-30 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces changing attitudes towards secrecy in eighteenth-century France, and explores the cultural origins of ideas surrounding government transparency. The idea of keeping secrets, both on the part of individuals and on the part of governments, came to be viewed with more suspicion as the century progressed. By the eve of the French Revolution, writers voicing concerns about corruption saw secrecy as part and parcel of despotism, and this shift went hand in hand with the rise of the idea of transparency. The author argues that the emphasis placed on government transparency, especially the mania for transparency that dominated the French Revolution, resulted from the surprising connections and confluence of changing attitudes towards honour, religious movements, rising nationalism, literature, and police practices. Exploring religious ideas that associated secrecy with darkness and wickedness, and proto-nationalist discourse that equated foreignness with secrecy, this book demonstrates how cultural shifts in eighteenth-century France influenced its politics. Covering the period of intense fear during the French Revolution and the paranoia of the Reign of Terror, the book highlights the complex interplay of culture and politics and provides insights into our attitudes towards secrecy today.

Conflict and Enlightenment

Author : Thomas Munck
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521878071
Total Pages : 381 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Conflict and Enlightenment by : Thomas Munck

Download or read book Conflict and Enlightenment written by Thomas Munck and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-11-07 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This novel study of political culture in Enlightenment Europe analyses print, public opinion and the transnational dissemination of texts.

Travelling Chronicles: News and Newspapers from the Early Modern Period to the Eighteenth Century

Author : Siv Gøril Brandtzæg
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004362878
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Travelling Chronicles: News and Newspapers from the Early Modern Period to the Eighteenth Century by : Siv Gøril Brandtzæg

Download or read book Travelling Chronicles: News and Newspapers from the Early Modern Period to the Eighteenth Century written by Siv Gøril Brandtzæg and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-04-03 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Travelling Chronicles presents fourteen episodes in the history of news, written by some of the leading scholars in the rapidly developing fields of news and newspaper studies. Ranging across eastern and western Europe and beyond, the chapters look back to the early modern period and into the eighteenth century to consider how the news of the past was gathered and spread, how news outlets gained respect and influence, how news functioned as a business, and also how the historiography of news can be conducted with the resources available to scholars today. Travelling Chronicles offers a timely analysis of early news, at a moment when historical newspaper archives are being widely digitalised and as the truth value of news in our own time undergoes intense scrutiny.

Forbidden Knowledge

Author : Hannah Marcus
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022673661X
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Forbidden Knowledge by : Hannah Marcus

Download or read book Forbidden Knowledge written by Hannah Marcus and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-09-25 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Wonderful . . . offers and provokes meditation on the timeless nature of censorship, its practices, its intentions and . . . its (unintended) outcomes.” —Times Higher Education Forbidden Knowledge explores the censorship of medical books from their proliferation in print through the prohibitions placed on them during the Counter-Reformation. How and why did books banned in Italy in the sixteenth century end up back on library shelves in the seventeenth? Historian Hannah Marcus uncovers how early modern physicians evaluated the utility of banned books and facilitated their continued circulation in conversation with Catholic authorities. Through extensive archival research, Marcus highlights how talk of scientific utility, once thought to have begun during the Scientific Revolution, in fact began earlier, emerging from ecclesiastical censorship and the desire to continue to use banned medical books. What’s more, this censorship in medicine, which preceded the Copernican debate in astronomy by sixty years, has had a lasting impact on how we talk about new and controversial developments in scientific knowledge. Beautiful illustrations accompany this masterful, timely book about the interplay between efforts at intellectual control and the utility of knowledge. “Marcus deftly explains the various contradictions that shaped the interactions between Catholic authorities and the medical and scientific communities of early modern Italy, showing how these dynamics defined the role of outside expertise in creating 'Catholic Knowledge' for centuries to come.” —Annals of Science “An important study that all scholars and advanced students of early modern Europe will want to read, especially those interested in early modern medicine, religion, and the history of the book. . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice

The Cambridge History of the Novel in French

Author : Adam Watt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108758045
Total Pages : 848 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge History of the Novel in French by : Adam Watt

Download or read book The Cambridge History of the Novel in French written by Adam Watt and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This History is the first in a century to trace the development and impact of the novel in French from its beginnings to the present. Leading specialists explore how novelists writing in French have responded to the diverse personal, economic, socio-political, cultural-artistic and environmental factors that shaped their worlds. From the novel's medieval precursors to the impact of the internet, the History provides fresh accounts of canonical and lesser-known authors, offering a global perspective beyond the national borders of 'the Hexagon' to explore France's colonial past and its legacies. Accessible chapters range widely, including the French novel in Sub-Saharan Africa, data analysis of the novel system in the seventeenth century, social critique in women's writing, Sade's banned works and more. Highlighting continuities and divergence between and within different periods, this lively volume offers routes through a diverse literary landscape while encouraging comparison and connection-making between writers, works and historical periods.

Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800)

Author : Nina Lamal
Publisher : Library of the Written Word
ISBN 13 : 9789004448889
Total Pages : 462 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800) by : Nina Lamal

Download or read book Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500-1800) written by Nina Lamal and published by Library of the Written Word. This book was released on 2021 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction: The Printing Press as an Agent of Power / Helmer Helmers, Nina Lamal and Jamie Cumby -- Part 1: Governing through Print -- Policing in Print: Social Control in Spanish and Borromean Milan (1535-1584) / Rachel Midura -- On Printing and Decision-Making: The Management of Information by the City Powers of Lyon (ca. 1550-ca. 1580) / Gautier Mingous -- Printing for Central Authorities in the Early Modern Low Countries (15th-17th Centuries) / Renaud Adam -- Rural Officials Discover the Printing Press in the Eighteenth-Century Habsburg Monarchy / Andreas Golob -- Part 2: Printing for Government -- Printing for the Reformation: The Canonical Documents of the Edwardian Church of England, 1547-1553 / Celyn Richards -- Newspapers and Authorities in Seventeenth-Century Germany / Jan Hillgärtner -- The Politics of Print in the Dutch Golden Age: The Ommelander Troubles (c. 1630-1680) / Arthur der Weduwen -- Part 3: Patronage and Prestige -- The Rise of the Stampatore Camerale: Printers and Power in Early Sixteenth-Century Rome / Paolo Sachet -- State and Church Sponsored Printing by Jan Januszowski and His Drukarnia Łazarzowa (Officina Lazari) in Krakow / Justyna Kiliańczyk-Zięba -- Ferdinando de'Medici and the Typographia Medicea / Caren Reimann -- Royal Patronage of Illicit Print: Catherine of Braganza and Catholic Books in Late Seventeenth-Century London / Chelsea Reutcke -- Part 4: Power of Persuasion -- The Papacy, Power, and Print: The Publication of Papal Decrees in the First Fifty Years of Printing / Margaret Meserve -- The Power of the Image: The Visual Prints of Frans Hogenberg / Ramon Voges -- Collecting 'Toute l'Angleterre': English Books, Soft Power and Spanish Diplomacy at the Casa del Sol (1613-1622) / Ernesto Oyarbide -- Prohibition as Propaganda Technique: The Case of the Pamphlet Lacouronne usurpee et le prince supposé (1688) / Rindert Jagersma -- Part 5: Relgious Authority -- Illustrating Authority: The Creation and Reception of an English Protestant Iconography / Nora Epstein -- Between Ego Documents and Anti-Catholic Propaganda: Printed Revocation Sermons in Seventeenth-Century Lutheran Germany / Martin Christ -- Learned Servants: Dutch Ministers, Their Books and the Struggle for a Reformed Republic in the Dutch Golden Age / Forrest C. Strickland.

Catherine the Great: Selected Letters

Author : Catherine The Great
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019105612X
Total Pages : 481 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Catherine the Great: Selected Letters by : Catherine The Great

Download or read book Catherine the Great: Selected Letters written by Catherine The Great and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Your Majesty may find it extraordinary that I should answer with a shipment of fruit your letter of 6 August, in which you inform me that you are sending the plan for a treaty, and that of the 8 September, in which you are so good as to share with me equally important intelligence. Things big and small often come from the same source: my watermelons derive from the same principles as our planned alliance...' (To Frederick the Great) Catherine the Great's letters present a vivid picture of Russia in a momentous age. They also offer a unique account of her personal development and intimate life, her strategic acumen as a diplomat and military commander, and her political skills at the Russian court and in handling foreign monarchs. Born a German princess, Catherine married into the Russian royal family and came to the throne after a coup. As absolute ruler for 34 years she presided over the expansion of the Russian empire, legislated actively to reform the country in keeping with the principles of the Enlightenment, actively promoted the arts and sciences, and in her correspondence engaged with the most renowned minds in Europe, among them Diderot and Voltaire. Her letters are her literary masterpiece, written to a wide circle of associates and friends, not least her most celebrated lover and ally, Potemkin. Combining her wit, charm, and quick eye for detail, they entertain and tell the griping story of a self-made woman and legendary ruler. This edition of the letters offers a taste of Catherine's entire writing career, with biographies of Catherine's addressees, a thorough overview of her reign and an analysis of Catherine's literary skill as a letter-writer. Organized chronologically and thematically into six periods, each section also features an introduction to the domestic, personal and foreign policy contexts out of which her letters emerge.

Thinking on Earthquakes in Early Modern Europe

Author : Rienk Vermij
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000258890
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Thinking on Earthquakes in Early Modern Europe by : Rienk Vermij

Download or read book Thinking on Earthquakes in Early Modern Europe written by Rienk Vermij and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-16 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first extensive study of ideas on earthquakes before the Lisbon earthquake in 1755. The earthquake had a deep impact on European culture, and the reactions to it stood in a long tradition that, before this study, had yet to be explored in detail. Thinking on Earthquakes investigates both scholarly theories and views that were propagated among the early modern European population. Through a chronological approach, Vermij reveals that in contrast to the Ancient and medieval philosophers who suggested rational explanations for earthquakes, supernatural ideas made a powerful comeback in the sixteenth century. By analysing a variety of sources such as pamphlets, sermons, and treatises, this study shows how changes in the ideas on earthquakes were a result of social and political demands as well as from improvements in the means of communication, rather than from scientific methods. Thus, Vermij presents an illuminating case for the production of knowledge in early modern Europe. A range of events are explored, including the Ferrara earthquake in 1570 and the Vienna earthquake in 1590, making this study an invaluable source for students and scholars of the history of science and the history of ideas in early modern Europe.

Great Trade Walls in Imperial China and Spain

Author : Manuel Perez-Garcia
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000937275
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Great Trade Walls in Imperial China and Spain by : Manuel Perez-Garcia

Download or read book Great Trade Walls in Imperial China and Spain written by Manuel Perez-Garcia and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-09-12 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comparative and polycentric approach to the formation of global trade networks and goods that circumnavigated China, America, and Europe in the so-called process of “early globalization” during the early modern period. Based on a pioneering archival strategy developed by GECEM Project (Global Encounters between China and Europe www.gecem.eu) and funded by the European Research Council (ERC), the chapters in this volume deploy innovative methodology built on the process of clustering new empirical evidence on geostrategic locations to analyse complex socioeconomic systems. Each chapter in this volume focuses on a specific case study that validate the usefulness of this methodology for a more accurate analysis of the self-regulating institutions, social networks, circulation of global goods and information, and smuggling activities that characterised the nonlinear markets of early modern China, Europe, and the Americas. These studies constitute a clear example of the new directions of global (economic) history and how a bottom-up approach through new data mining and comparative method helps to unveil big research questions. The designing of GECEM Project Database (www.gecemdatabase.eu) stands out as cutting-edge Digital Humanities tool used in this book. This book is an insightful resource for scholars of Global History and Atlantic studies, including those interested in China’s trade and history, and its global encounters with the West. This book was originally published as a special issue of the journal, Atlantic Studies: Global Currents.

Absolutist Attachments

Author : Chloé Hogg
Publisher : Northwestern University Press
ISBN 13 : 081013943X
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Absolutist Attachments by : Chloé Hogg

Download or read book Absolutist Attachments written by Chloé Hogg and published by Northwestern University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Absolutist Attachments, Chloé Hogg uncovers the affective and media connections that shaped Louis XIV’s absolutism. Studying literature, painting, engravings, correspondence, and the emerging periodic press, Hogg diagnoses the emotions that created absolutism’s feeling subjects and publics. Louis XIV’s subjects explored new kinds of affective relations with their sovereign, joining with the king in acts of aesthetic judgment, tender feeling, or the “newsiness” of emerging print news culture. Such alternative modes of adhesion countered the hegemonic model of kingship upheld by divine right, reason of state, or corporate fidelities and privileges with subject-driven attachments and practices. Absolutist Attachments discovers absolutism’s alternative political and cultural legacy—not the spectacle of an unbound king but the binding connections of his subjects.

Europe at Home

Author : Raffaella Sarti
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780300102598
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (25 download)

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Book Synopsis Europe at Home by : Raffaella Sarti

Download or read book Europe at Home written by Raffaella Sarti and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vivid personal stories bring each topic to life and offer insights into human relations not only between rich and poor, powerful and weak, masters and servants, but also between parents and children, husbands and wives, and men and women."--BOOK JACKET.

Invisible Agents

Author : Nadine Akkerman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192555839
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Invisible Agents by : Nadine Akkerman

Download or read book Invisible Agents written by Nadine Akkerman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It would be easy for the modern reader to conclude that women had no place in the world of early modern espionage, with a few seventeenth-century women spies identified and then relegated to the footnotes of history. If even the espionage carried out by Susan Hyde, sister of Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, during the turbulent decades of civil strife in Britain can escape the historiographer's gaze, then how many more like her lurk in the archives? Nadine Akkerman's search for an answer to this question has led to the writing of Invisible Agents, the very first study to analyse the role of early modern women spies, demonstrating that the allegedly-male world of the spy was more than merely infiltrated by women. This compelling and ground-breaking contribution to the history of espionage details a series of case studies in which women - from playwright to postmistress, from lady-in-waiting to laundry woman - acted as spies, sourcing and passing on confidential information on account of political and religious convictions or to obtain money or power. The struggle of these women to construct credibility in their own time is mirrored in their invisibility in modern historiography. Akkerman has immersed herself in archives, libraries, and private collections, transcribing hundreds of letters, breaking cipher codes and their keys, studying invisible inks, and interpreting riddles, acting as a modern-day spymistress to unearth plots and conspiracies that have long remained hidden by history.

Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800)

Author : Nina Lamal
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004448896
Total Pages : 461 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800) by : Nina Lamal

Download or read book Print and Power in Early Modern Europe (1500–1800) written by Nina Lamal and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-06-08 with total page 461 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Print, in the early modern period, could make or break power. This volume addresses one of the most urgent and topical questions in early modern history: how did European authorities use a new medium with such tremendous potential? The eighteen contributors develop new perspectives on the relationship between the rise of print and the changing relationships between subjects and rulers by analysing print’s role in early modern bureaucracy, the techniques of printed propaganda, genres, and strategies of state communication. While print is often still thought of as an emancipating and disruptive force of change in early modern societies, the resulting picture shows how instrumental print was in strengthening existing power structures. Contributors: Renaud Adam, Martin Christ, Jamie Cumby, Arthur der Weduwen, Nora Epstein, Andreas Golob, Helmer Helmers, Jan Hillgärtner, Rindert Jagersma, Justyna Kiliańczyk-Zięba, Nina Lamal, Margaret Meserve, Rachel Midura, Gautier Mingous, Ernesto E. Oyarbide Magaña, Caren Reimann, Chelsea Reutchke, Celyn David Richards, Paolo Sachet, Forrest Strickland, and Ramon Voges.