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Author : Ajit Ram Verma
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Polymorphism and Polytypism in Crystals written by Ajit Ram Verma and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joel Bernstein
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198506058
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (985 download)
Download or read book Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals written by Joel Bernstein and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymorphism - the multiplicity of structures or forms - is a term that is used in many disciplines. In chemistry it refers to the existence of more than one crystal structure for a particular chemical substance. The properties of a substance are determined by its composition and by its structure. In the last two decades, there has been a sharp rise in the interest in polymorphic systems, as an intrinsically interesting phenomenon and as an increasingly important component in the development and marketing of a variety of materials based on organic molecules (e.g. pharmaceuticals, dyes and pigments, explosives, etc.). This book summarizes and brings up to date the current knowledge and understanding of polymorphism of molecular crystals, and concentrates it in one comprehensive source. The book will be an invaluable reference for students, researchers, and professionals in the field.
Author : Kiyotaka Sato
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118593928
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)
Download or read book Crystallization of Lipids written by Kiyotaka Sato and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-04-23 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An authoritative reference that contains the most up-to-date information knowledge, approaches, and applications of lipid crystals Crystallization of Lipids is a comprehensive resource that offers the most current and emerging knowledge, techniques and applications of lipid crystals. With contributions from noted experts in the field, the text covers the basic research of polymorphic structures, molecular interactions, nucleation and crystal growth and crystal network formation of lipid crystals which comprise main functional materials employed in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry. The authors highlight trans-fat alternative and saturated-fat reduction technology to lipid crystallization. These two issues are the most significant challenges in the edible-application technology of lipids, and a key solution is lipid crystallization. The text focuses on the crystallization processes of lipids under various external influences of thermal fluctuation, ultrasound irradiation, shear, emulsification and additives. Designed to be practical, the book’s information can be applied to realistic applications of lipids to foods, cosmetic and pharmaceuticals. This authoritative and up-to-date guide: Highlights cutting-edge research tools designed to help analyse lipid crystallization with the most current and the conventional techniques Offers a thorough review of the information, techniques and applications of lipid crystals Includes contributions from noted experts in the field of lipid crystals Presents cutting-edge information on the topics of trans-fat alterative and saturated-fat reduction technology Written for research and development technologists as well as academics, this important resource contains research on lipid crystals which comprise the main functional materials employed in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
Author : H. V. Keer
Publisher : New Age International
ISBN 13 : 9788122404661
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (46 download)
Download or read book Principles of the Solid State written by H. V. Keer and published by New Age International. This book was released on 1993 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uses an integrated, scientists' approach to the principles regulating the synthesis, structure and physical characteristics of crystalline solids. Mathematical derivations are kept to a minimum. Covers electrical properties of metals and band semiconductors, superionic conductors, ferrites and solid electrolytes. Features end-of-chapter problem sets.
Author : D. Pandey
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780677258102
Total Pages : 652 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (581 download)
Download or read book Modulated Structures, Polytypes and Quasicrystals written by D. Pandey and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J.P. van der Eerden
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 940110137X
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Science and Technology of Crystal Growth written by J.P. van der Eerden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. The ninth International Summer School on Crystal Growth. ISSCG IX A complete theory of crystal growth establishes the full dependence of crystal size, shape and structure on external parameters like temperature, pressure, composition, purity, growth rate and stirring of the mother phase, implicitly establishing how the corresponding fields vary in space and time. Such a theory does not exist, however. Therefore equipment to grow crystals is developed on the basis of partial knowledge. Skill, experience and creativity still are of central importance for the success o~ a crystal growth system. In this book we collected contributions from the teachers of the ninth International Summer School on Crystal Growth ISSCG IX, held 11-16 june 1995 at Papendal, the national sports centre of the Netherlands. These contributions were used during the lectures. The authors have tried to present their work in such a way that only basic physical knowledge is required to understand the papers. The book can be used as an introduction to various important sub disciplines of the science and technology of crystal growth. Since, however the information content considerably exceeds a lecture note level and touches the present limits of understanding, it is an up to date handbook as well.
Author : E. Givargizov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461571197
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)
Download or read book Growth of Crystals written by E. Givargizov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume continues the tradition of the preceding volumes. covering a wide range of crystal growth problems and treating aspects of critical importance for crystalliza tion. Changes in this field of knowledge have. however, changed the criteria for selection of papers for inclusion in this series. The increasing role of crystals in science and technology is even more apparent today. The study and utilization of these highly perfect objects of nature considerably facilitates progress in the physics and chemistry of solids. quantum electronics, optics, microelectron ics, and other sciences. The demand for crystals and crystal devices has grown steadily and has led to the emergence and rapid growth of the single crystal industry (we can safely saythat the state ofthe art in this industry is indicative ofthe overall scientific and technolo- cal potential of a country). At the same time, the introduction of crystallization techniques into other industries is gaining ever-increasing importance. To illustrate this last state ment, we can mention the fabrication of textured structural materials and direct methods of metal reduction in ores by using chemical vapor transport techniques. Crystallization tech ll niques progress both in "width" and in "depth : traditional methods are modernized. and novel techniques appear, some of them at the junction of the already existing technologies (for example, flux growth of crystals, growth from vapor with participation of the liquid phase, etc. ).
Author : E. Prince
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470710292
Total Pages : 1043 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (77 download)
Download or read book International Tables for Crystallography, Mathematical, Physical and Chemical Tables written by E. Prince and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-01-16 with total page 1043 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Tables for Crystallography is the definitive resource and reference work for crystallography and structural science. Each of the volumes in the series contains articles and tables of data relevant to crystallographic research and to applications of crystallographic methods in all sciences concerned with the structure and properties of materials. Emphasis is given to symmetry, diffraction methods and techniques of crystal-structure determination, and the physical and chemical properties of crystals. The data are accompanied by discussions of theory, practical explanations and examples, all of which are useful for teaching. Volume C provides the mathematical, physical and chemical information needed for experimental studies in structural crystallography. This volume covers all aspects of experimental techniques, using all three principal radiation types (X-ray, electron and neutron), from the selection and mounting of crystals and production of radiation, through data collection and analysis, to interpretation of results. Each chapter is supported by a substantial collection of references, and the volume ends with a section on precautions against radiation injury. Eleven chapters have been revised, corrected or updated for the third edition of Volume C. More information on the series can be found at: http://it.iucr.org
Author : B. K. Vainshtein
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483299104
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Crystal Symmetries written by B. K. Vainshtein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-07-26 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crystal Symmetries is a timely account of the progress in the most diverse fields of crystallography. It presents a broad overview of the theory of symmetry and contains state of the art reports of its modern directions and applications to crystal physics and crystal properties. Geometry takes a special place in this treatise. Structural aspects of phase transitions, correlation of structure and properties, polytypism, modulated structures, and other topics are discussed. Applications of important techniques, such as X-ray crystallography, biophysical studies, EPR spectroscopy, crystal optics, and nuclear solid state physics, are represented. Contains 30 research and review papers.
Author : Stefano Merlino
Publisher : The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland
ISBN 13 : 9634631320
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (346 download)
Download or read book Modular Aspects of Minerals written by Stefano Merlino and published by The Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Norbert Karl
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642762530
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Organic Crystals I: Characterization written by Norbert Karl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lattice defects of organic molecular crystals affect their optical or electrical properties by changing the local energy structure. Lattice defects also playa very important role in the chemical and physical properties, for example, as an active site of a catalyst or an initiating point of a solid state reaction. However, very little has been reported on the defect structure of real organic crystals. In the past ten years it became clear that the origin and the structure of the defects depend on the geometrical and chemical nature of the building units of the crystal, the molecules. Molecular size, form and anisotropy, charge distribution, etc. cause the characteristic structure of the defect. Accordingly, a defect structure found in one compound may not be found in others. The defect structure of an organic crystal cannot be defined solely by the displacement of the molecular center from the normal lattice site. A rotational displacement of a molecule is frequently accompanied by a parallel shift of the molecular center. In addition to the usual geometrical crystallographic defects, chemical defects are important too which originate, for example, from differences in the substitution sites of molecules carrying side groups. In order to reveal such defect structures, direct imaging of molecules by high resolution electron microscopy is the only direct method.
Author : Harry G. Brittain
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420073222
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Polymorphism in Pharmaceutical Solids written by Harry G. Brittain and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using clear and practical examples, Polymorphism of Pharmaceutical Solids, Second Edition presents a comprehensive examination of polymorphic behavior in pharmaceutical development that is ideal for pharmaceutical development scientists and graduate students in pharmaceutical science. This edition focuses on pharmaceutical aspects of polymorphism a
Author : Tong Li
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119046297
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Crystals written by Tong Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-16 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important resource that puts the focus on understanding and handling of organic crystals in drug development Since a majority of pharmaceutical solid-state materials are organic crystals, their handling and processing are critical aspects of drug development. Pharmaceutical Crystals: Science and Engineering offers an introduction to and thorough coverage of organic crystals, and explores the essential role they play in drug development and manufacturing. Written contributions from leading researchers and practitioners in the field, this vital resource provides the fundamental knowledge and explains the connection between pharmaceutically relevant properties and the structure of a crystal. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers a range of topics including: crystallization, molecular interactions, polymorphism, analytical methods, processing, and chemical stability. The authors clearly show how to find solutions for pharmaceutical form selection and crystallization processes. Designed to be an accessible guide, this book represents a valuable resource for improving the drug development process of small drug molecules. This important text: Includes the most important aspects of solid-state organic chemistry and its role in drug development Offers solutions for pharmaceutical form selection and crystallization processes Contains a balance between the scientific fundamental and pharmaceutical applications Presents coverage of crystallography, molecular interactions, polymorphism, analytical methods, processing, and chemical stability Written for both practicing pharmaceutical scientists, engineers, and senior undergraduate and graduate students studying pharmaceutical solid-state materials, Pharmaceutical Crystals: Science and Engineering is a reference and textbook for understanding, producing, analyzing, and designing organic crystals which is an imperative skill to master for anyone working in the field.
Author : Barta
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780198877356
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (773 download)
Download or read book Polymorphism in Molecular Crystals written by Barta and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2023-04-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most people are familiar with the fact that diamond and graphite are both composed only of carbon; yet they have very different properties which result from the very different structures of the two solids - they are polymorphs of carbon. Understanding the relationship between the structures and the properties of materials is of fundamental importance in developing and producing new materials with improved or new properties. The existence of polymorphic systems allows the direct study of the connection between structures and properties. This book provides grounding on the fundamental structural and energetic basis for polymorphism, the preparation and characterization of polymorphic substances and its importance in the specific areas of pharmaceuticals, pigments and high energy (explosive) materials. The closing chapter describes the intellectual property implications and some of the precedent patent litigations in which polymorphism has played a central role. The book contains over 2500 references to provide a ready entry into the relevant literature.
Author : Tonglei Li
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119046343
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Crystals written by Tonglei Li and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An important resource that puts the focus on understanding and handling of organic crystals in drug development Since a majority of pharmaceutical solid-state materials are organic crystals, their handling and processing are critical aspects of drug development. Pharmaceutical Crystals: Science and Engineering offers an introduction to and thorough coverage of organic crystals, and explores the essential role they play in drug development and manufacturing. Written contributions from leading researchers and practitioners in the field, this vital resource provides the fundamental knowledge and explains the connection between pharmaceutically relevant properties and the structure of a crystal. Comprehensive in scope, the text covers a range of topics including: crystallization, molecular interactions, polymorphism, analytical methods, processing, and chemical stability. The authors clearly show how to find solutions for pharmaceutical form selection and crystallization processes. Designed to be an accessible guide, this book represents a valuable resource for improving the drug development process of small drug molecules. This important text: Includes the most important aspects of solid-state organic chemistry and its role in drug development Offers solutions for pharmaceutical form selection and crystallization processes Contains a balance between the scientific fundamental and pharmaceutical applications Presents coverage of crystallography, molecular interactions, polymorphism, analytical methods, processing, and chemical stability Written for both practicing pharmaceutical scientists, engineers, and senior undergraduate and graduate students studying pharmaceutical solid-state materials, Pharmaceutical Crystals: Science and Engineering is a reference and textbook for understanding, producing, analyzing, and designing organic crystals which is an imperative skill to master for anyone working in the field.
Author : M. T. Sebastian
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351552368
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)
Download or read book Random Non-Random Periodic Fau written by M. T. Sebastian and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of stacking faults in crystal structures. Subjects covered include: notations used in representations of close-packed structures; types of faults; methods of detection and measurement such as X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction and other techniques; theoretical models of non-random faulting during phase transitions; specific examples of - close packed structures including, zinc sulphide, silicon carbide and silver iodide.
Author : A. S. Marfunin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642785239
Total Pages : 570 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (427 download)
Download or read book Advanced Mineralogy written by A. S. Marfunin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All existing introductory reviews of mineralogy are written accord ing to the same algorithm, sometimes called the "Dana System of Mineralogy". Even modern advanced handbooks, which are cer tainly necessary, include basic data on minerals and are essentially descriptive. When basic information on the chemistry, structure, optical and physical properties, distinguished features and para genesis of 200-400 minerals is presented, then there is practically no further space available to include new ideas and concepts based on recent mineral studies. A possible solution to this dilemma would be to present a book beginning where introductory textbooks end for those already famil iar with the elementary concepts. Such a volume would be tailored to specialists in all fields of science and industry, interested in the most recent results in mineralogy. This approach may be called Advanced Mineralogy. Here, an attempt has been made to survey the current possibilities and aims in mineral matter investigations, including the main characteristics of all the methods, the most important problems and topics of mineral ogy, and related studies. The individual volumes are composed of short, condensed chap ters. Each chapter presents in a complete, albeit condensed, form specific problems, methods, theories, and directions of investigations, and estimates their importance and strategic position in science and industry.
