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Author : Paul Rivlin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Political Stability in Arab States written by Paul Rivlin and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Risa Brooks
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136059806
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Political-Military Relations and the Stability of Arab Regimes written by Risa Brooks and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arab leaderships have been remarkably stable since the 1970s, particularly given the frequency of military coups in preceding years. Nonetheless, the military remains a key force in most Arab states and political leaders must maintain its loyalty if they are to retain office. Regimes have used a range of methods to ensure the military’s backing: In Egypt, President Hosni Mubarak has maintained political control largely through providing the military with private and corporate benefits; selective appointments and institutional checks, are also useful instruments. Tribal relations underpin King Hussein’s political control in Jordan. Transjordanians have not only been the main beneficiaries of political power, but have also occupied the key positions in the armed forces. In Syria, President Hafez al-Assad has built his regime on the Alawi minority, while the vast security apparatus limits the spread of sectarian, class or ideological grievances in the military. President Saddam Hussein has established multiple security agencies in Iraq designed to prevent conspiracies against his regime. Regular rotations and purges ensure that few officers are in place long enough to contemplate, let alone organise, a coup, while the severe punishments meted out to suspected plotters are a further disincentive to rebellion. In this paper, Risa Brooks argues that the need for Arab regimes to maintain political control can undermine the combat potential of their armed forces. Centralising command, creating overlapping commands, politicising selection criteria and authorising involvement in economic activities all potentially compromise military effectiveness. The fact that regimes have successfully managed political–military relations in the past does not mean that they will automatically do so in the future. Changing social or economic conditions could upset the equilibrium in political–military relations. Regime stability cannot therefore be taken for granted Transition to new leadership is a looming issue for the key regimes in Egypt, Syria and Jordan; political–military relations will play a crucial role in how it is resolved. New leaders must gain and maintain social support if they are to consolidate power. The fact that so many Middle Eastern regimes face uncertain transitions raises the sobering prospect of profound instability and change in this strategically vital region. Maintaining political control is a continuous and evolving process. A breakdown in social support for the leadership, failure to detect a conspiracy within the military and economic or political change that threatens military prerogatives could all disrupt political–military relations. Current stability should not give rise to complacency.
Author : Bahgat Korany
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000301508
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)
Download or read book The Foreign Policies Of Arab States written by Bahgat Korany and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Middle East politics have been proverbial for their changeability. The 1970s ushered in petro-politics, for instance, but OPEC's international status declined markedly in the following decade. Similarly, the Arab world's ostracism of Egypt in the 1970s following its separate peace with Israel was turned around in the 1980s; the late 1980s also brought PLO acceptance of the State of Israel. Interstate relations were not the only arena to experience significant alterations; state-society relations also underwent dramatic changes, such as the acceleration of privatization in erstwhile socialist regimes. Then the 1990s opened with a political earthquake: the Gulf Crisis. The second edition of this highly acclaimed text offers a penetrating analysis of trends in Arab foreign policies since the book was originally published in 1984, including an early analysis of the effects of Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and the subsequent coalition victory over Iraq. In addition, the authors have included new chapters on Jordan—at the heart of the Arab world—and on the Sudan—the region's link to sub-Saharan Africa. Their inclusion allows a fuller understanding of the foreign policies of states that occupy crucial geopolitical positions but wield little tangible power. Moreover, in many of its chapters the book raises the crucial question of how the foreign policies of these countries can cope with the prevalence of political change.
Author : Steffen Hertog
Publisher : Hurst Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1849042357
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)
Download or read book Business Politics in the Middle East written by Steffen Hertog and published by Hurst Publishers. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although most Arab countries remain authoritarian, many have undergone a restructuring of state-society relations in which lower- and middle-class interest groups have lost ground while big business has benefited in terms of its integration into policy-making and the opening of economic sectors that used to be state-dominated. Arab businesses have also started taking on aspects of public service provision in health, media and education that used to be the domain of the state; they have also become increasingly active in philanthropy. The ‘Arab Spring,’ which is likely to lead to a more pluralistic political order, makes it all the more important to understand business interests in the Middle East, a segment of society that on the one hand has often been close to the ancien regime, but on the other will play a pivotal role in a future social contract. Among the topics addressed by the authors are the role of business in recent regime change; the political outlook of businessmen; the consequences of economic liberalisation on the composition of business elites in the Middle East; the role of the private sector in orienting government policies; lobbying of government by business interests and the mechanisms by which governments seek to keep businesses dependent on them.
Author : Nora Bensahel
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 083303619X
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)
Download or read book The Future Security Environment in the Middle East written by Nora Bensahel and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2004-03-12 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report identifies several important trends that are shaping regional security. It examines traditional security concerns, such as energy security and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, as well as newer challenges posed by political reform, economic reform, civil-military relations, leadership change, and the information revolution. The report concludes by identifying the implications of these trends for U.S. foreign policy.
Author : Kristian Ulrichsen
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190210974
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)
Download or read book Qatar and the Arab Spring written by Kristian Ulrichsen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Qatar and the Arab Spring offers a frank examination of Qatar's startling rise to regional and international prominence, describing how its distinctive policy stance toward the Arab Spring emerged. In only a decade, Qatari policy-makers - led by the Emir, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al-Thani, and his prime minister Sheikh Hamad bin Jassim Al-Thani - catapulted Qatar from a sleepy backwater to a regional power with truly international reach. In addition to pursuing an aggressive state-branding strategy with its successful bid for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, Qatar forged a reputation for diplomatic mediation that combined intensely personalized engagement with financial backing and favorable media coverage through the Al-Jazeera. These factors converged in early 2011 with the outbreak of the Arab Spring revolts in North Africa, Syria, and Yemen, which Qatari leaders saw as an opportunity to seal their regional and international influence, rather than as a challenge to their authority, and this guided their support of the rebellions against the Gaddafi and Assad regimes in Libya and Syria. From the high watermark of Qatari influence after the toppling of Gaddafi in 2011, that rapidly gave way to policy overreach in Syria in 2012, Coates Ulrichsen analyses Qatari ambition and capabilities as the tiny emirate sought to shape the transitions in the Arab world.
Author : Giacomo Luciani
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131741151X
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book The Arab State written by Giacomo Luciani and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has often been argued that Arab states are arbitrary political creations, lacking historical or present legitimacy. This book, first published in 1990, provides a different picture of ‘the Arab state’, drawing on historical, economic, philosophical and sociological perspectives to give a balanced and convincing view of the complex reality of contemporary Arab politics. The contributors, from the Arab countries, from Europe and the United States, investigate the roots of the nation state in the Arab world, evaluating in particular the economic bases of individual states. They discuss the evolution of Arab societies and the way this is reflected in different states, and examine the problems of domestic and international integration in the Arab context. Original and comprehensive in its findings, this is an essential text on the fundamental political structure of the Arab world. Its interdisciplinary breadth makes possible an entirely new reading of the political reality of the Middle East.
Author : Kjetil Selvik
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317498135
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book Oil States in the New Middle East written by Kjetil Selvik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil has been central to regime survival for oil states across the Arabian Peninsula and has been at the heart of their attempts to defuse the wave of Arab revolutions. However, in 2011 revolution hit Libya, the most oil dependent regime in the Middle East. The political storm winds that have swept this region have thrown into doubt the resilience of Arab rentier states, and highlight how the political effects of oil vary across the oil producing countries. Oil States in the New Middle East brings together leading experts to critically assess the centrality of oil and the relevance of Rentier State Theory in light of the post-2011 upheaval across the Middle East and North Africa. It combines overall reflections on the political dynamics in oil states with focused case investigations of individual countries. Taking as its starting point the centrality of oil in explanations of regime survival, the book analyses how the oil states have responded to and fared throughout the Arab popular upheavals, resulting in a critical assessment of the continued relevance of Rentier State Theory. While observers have asked how the uprisings varied between oil and non-oil states, this book turns the comparative focus inward, arguing for a more fine-grained understanding of the political effects of oil in different oil producing countries. This book would be of interest to students and scholars of Middle East, North Africa and Gulf Studies, Oil and Politics, as well as Comparative Politics and International Political Economy.
Author : Adeed Dawisha
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317410297
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book Beyond Coercion written by Adeed Dawisha and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-24 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, first published in 1988, analyses the process of stabilisation amongst the Arab states, a process that has contradicted all predictions of impending disintegration and impending collapse. Although there were some cases of disintegration, there are evidently mechanisms at work that helped consolidate the majority of Arab states and the Arab state system. Revolutions, as in Iran or the Sudan, or political collapse and disintegration, as in Lebanon, have been highly visible but nevertheless exceptions. This collection, Volume Three in the Nation, State and Integration in the Arab World research project carried out by the Istituto Affari Internazionali, focuses on the problem of explaining the stability and persistence of the state in the Arab world.
Author : Florence Gaub
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781849046480
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (464 download)
Download or read book Guardians of the Arab State written by Florence Gaub and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This trenchant history of praetorianism in the Arab world recounts the baleful influence of the armed forces in shaping the region's political landscape over the last three decades.
Author : Padamja Khandelwal
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475569645
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)
Download or read book The Economics of Political Transitions written by Padamja Khandelwal and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past two years, ongoing political transitions in many Arab countries have led to social unrest and an economic downturn. This paper examines comparable historical episodes of political instability to derive implications for the near- and medium-term economic outlook in the Arab countries in transition. In general, past episodes of political instability were characterized by a sharp deterioration in macroeconomic outcomes and a sluggish recovery over the medium term. Recent economic developments in the Arab countries in transition seem to be unfolding along similar lines, although the weak external environment and large fiscal vulnerabilities could result in a prolonged slump.
Author : Kjetil Selvik
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317498143
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)
Download or read book Oil States in the New Middle East written by Kjetil Selvik and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-07-16 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil has been central to regime survival for oil states across the Arabian Peninsula and has been at the heart of their attempts to defuse the wave of Arab revolutions. However, in 2011 revolution hit Libya, the most oil dependent regime in the Middle East. The political storm winds that have swept this region have thrown into doubt the resilience of Arab rentier states, and highlight how the political effects of oil vary across the oil producing countries. Oil States in the New Middle East brings together leading experts to critically assess the centrality of oil and the relevance of Rentier State Theory in light of the post-2011 upheaval across the Middle East and North Africa. It combines overall reflections on the political dynamics in oil states with focused case investigations of individual countries. Taking as its starting point the centrality of oil in explanations of regime survival, the book analyses how the oil states have responded to and fared throughout the Arab popular upheavals, resulting in a critical assessment of the continued relevance of Rentier State Theory. While observers have asked how the uprisings varied between oil and non-oil states, this book turns the comparative focus inward, arguing for a more fine-grained understanding of the political effects of oil in different oil producing countries. This book would be of interest to students and scholars of Middle East, North Africa and Gulf Studies, Oil and Politics, as well as Comparative Politics and International Political Economy.
Author :
Publisher : I.B.Tauris
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Islamic Movements written by and published by I.B.Tauris. This book was released on 2004 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Islamic movements have maintained a strong presence in the political and social life of the Arab world since the last century, through the active pursuit of the Islamization of their particular state or society. The strength of the movements has led to clashes and prolonged confrontations with some Arab regimes, which have greatly affected political and social stability in these states. This book consists of important studies by six leading specialists on Islamic movements, including Hasan Hanafi, Ahmad Moussalli and Radwan Al-Sayyid. The analyses focus on the conditions that led to the emergence of the various Islamic movements and the relationships between their thinking and praxis in particular political and social contexts. The contributors also discuss the radical and moderate orientations of these movements, highlighting the reasons behind such approaches and their impact on the current situation in the Arab world.
Author : Rex Brynen
Publisher : Lynne Rienner Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781555875794
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (757 download)
Download or read book Political Liberalization and Democratization in the Arab World written by Rex Brynen and published by Lynne Rienner Publishers. This book was released on 1995 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Arab world is experiencing a variety of factors - internal and external - that are leading to change. This work examines such factors that are shaping political liberalisation and democratisation in the Arab context, as well as the role played by particular social groups.
Author : Lisa Blaydes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780472075379
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (753 download)
Download or read book Struggles for Political Change in the Arab World written by Lisa Blaydes and published by . This book was released on 2022-10-11 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term effects of the Arab Spring
Author : Michael Rubin
Publisher : AEI Press
ISBN 13 : 0844750263
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (447 download)
Download or read book Seven Pillars written by Michael Rubin and published by AEI Press. This book was released on 2019-11-14 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, US foreign policy in the Middle East has been on autopilot: Seek Arab-Israeli peace, fight terrorism, and urge regimes to respect human rights. Every US administration puts its own spin on these initiatives, but none has successfully resolved the region’s fundamental problems. In Seven Pillars: What Really Causes Instability in the Middle East? a bipartisan group of leading experts representing several academic and policy disciplines unravel the core causes of instability in the Middle East and North Africa. Why have some countries been immune to the Arab Spring? Which governments enjoy the most legitimacy and why? With more than half the region under 30 years of age, why does education and innovation lag? How do resource economies, crony capitalism, and inequality drive conflict? Are ethnic and sectarian fault lines the key factor, or are these more products of political and economic instability? And what are the wellsprings of extremism that threaten not only the United States but, more profoundly, the people of the region? The answers to these questions should help policymakers and students of the region understand the Middle East on its own terms, rather than just through a partisan or diplomatic lens. Understanding the pillars of instability in the region can allow the United States and its allies to rethink their own priorities, adjust policy, recalibrate their programs, and finally begin to chip away at core challenges facing the Middle East. Contributors: Thanassis Cambanis Michael A. Fahy Florence Gaub Danielle Pletka Bilal Wahab A. Kadir Yildirim
Author : Kenneth M. Pollack
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815722273
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)
Download or read book The Arab Awakening written by Kenneth M. Pollack and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2011-10-01 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even the most seasoned Middle East observers were taken aback by the events of early 2011. Protests born of oppression and socioeconomic frustration erupted throughout the streets; public unrest provoked violent police backlash; long-established dictatorships fell. How did this all happen? What might the future look like, and what are the likely ramifications for the United States and the rest of the world? In The Arab Awakening, experts from the Brookings Institution tackle such questions to make sense of this tumultuous region that remains at the heart of U.S. national interests. The first portion of The Arab Awakening offers broad lessons by analyzing key aspects of the Mideast turmoil, such as public opinion trends within the "Arab Street"; the role of social media and technology; socioeconomic and demographic conditions; the influence of Islamists; and the impact of the new political order on the Arab-Israeli peace process. The next section looks at the countries themselves, finding commonalties and grouping them according to the political evolutions that have (or have not) occurred in each country. The section offers insight into the current situation, and possible trajectory of each group of countries, followed by individual nation studies. The Arab Awakening brings the full resources of Brookings to bear on making sense of what may turn out to be the most significant geopolitical movement of this generation. It is essential reading for anyone looking to understand these developments and their consequences.
