Police Traffic Stops

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Pulled Over

Author : Charles R. Epp
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022611404X
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Pulled Over by : Charles R. Epp

Download or read book Pulled Over written by Charles R. Epp and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In sheer numbers, no form of government control comes close to the police stop. Each year, twelve percent of drivers in the United States are stopped by the police, and the figure is almost double among racial minorities. Police stops are among the most recognizable and frequently criticized incidences of racial profiling, but, while numerous studies have shown that minorities are pulled over at higher rates, none have examined how police stops have come to be both encouraged and institutionalized. Pulled Over deftly traces the strange history of the investigatory police stop, from its discredited beginning as “aggressive patrolling” to its current status as accepted institutional practice. Drawing on the richest study of police stops to date, the authors show that who is stopped and how they are treated convey powerful messages about citizenship and racial disparity in the United States. For African Americans, for instance, the experience of investigatory stops erodes the perceived legitimacy of police stops and of the police generally, leading to decreased trust in the police and less willingness to solicit police assistance or to self-censor in terms of clothing or where they drive. This holds true even when police are courteous and respectful throughout the encounters and follow seemingly colorblind institutional protocols. With a growing push in recent years to use local police in immigration efforts, Hispanics stand poised to share African Americans’ long experience of investigative stops. In a country that celebrates democracy and racial equality, investigatory stops have a profound and deleterious effect on African American and other minority communities that merits serious reconsideration. Pulled Over offers practical recommendations on how reforms can protect the rights of citizens and still effectively combat crime.

Suspect Citizens

Author : Frank R. Baumgartner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108575994
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Suspect Citizens by : Frank R. Baumgartner

Download or read book Suspect Citizens written by Frank R. Baumgartner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Suspect Citizens offers the most comprehensive look to date at the most common form of police-citizen interactions, the routine traffic stop. Throughout the war on crime, police agencies have used traffic stops to search drivers suspected of carrying contraband. From the beginning, police agencies made it clear that very large numbers of police stops would have to occur before an officer might interdict a significant drug shipment. Unstated in that calculation was that many Americans would be subjected to police investigations so that a small number of high-level offenders might be found. The key element in this strategy, which kept it hidden from widespread public scrutiny, was that middle-class white Americans were largely exempt from its consequences. Tracking these police practices down to the officer level, Suspect Citizens documents the extreme rarity of drug busts and reveals sustained and troubling disparities in how racial groups are treated.

Policing the Open Road

Author : Sarah A. Seo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0674980867
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis Policing the Open Road by : Sarah A. Seo

Download or read book Policing the Open Road written by Sarah A. Seo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policing the Open Road examines how the rise of the car, that symbol of American personal freedom, inadvertently led to ever more intrusive policing--with disastrous consequences for racial equality in our criminal justice system. When Americans think of freedom, they often picture the open road. Yet nowhere are we more likely to encounter the long arm of the law than in our cars. Sarah Seo reveals how the rise of the automobile transformed American freedom in radical ways, leading us to accept--and expect--pervasive police power. As Policing the Open Road makes clear, this expectation has had far-reaching political and legal consequences.--

Police Traffic Stops

Author : Tj Dillon
Publisher : Blurb
ISBN 13 : 9781715583750
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (837 download)

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Book Synopsis Police Traffic Stops by : Tj Dillon

Download or read book Police Traffic Stops written by Tj Dillon and published by Blurb. This book was released on 2020-10-02 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After years of encountering thousands of new drivers on traffic stops, this veteran police officer has discovered a lot of confusion that new drivers have when dealing with police. He has laid out exactly what the driver can expect from the officer as well as what the officer expects from the driver when being pulled over in West Virginia. You will learn about required documents, your rights and requirements, officer recommendations, top reasons for getting stopped by police and more! After reading, you will have gained knowledge that will keep you and the officer safe, have a basic understanding of how to react, what to expect, and recommendations from officers to reduce your chances of receiving a ticket!

POLICE TRAFFIC STOPS AND RACIAL PROFILING

Author : James T. O'Reilly
Publisher : Charles C Thomas Publisher
ISBN 13 : 0398083819
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis POLICE TRAFFIC STOPS AND RACIAL PROFILING by : James T. O'Reilly

Download or read book POLICE TRAFFIC STOPS AND RACIAL PROFILING written by James T. O'Reilly and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2002-01-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the numbers, the advocacy arguments and the practical realities of the 'racial profiling' controversy. By applying law, logic, electoral common sense and police community relations, the author shows how the successful police manager will deal with the issues without enduring personal or career disaster for the attempt. The first part of the text explains the 'racial profiling' controversy in the context of traffic stops. The political and policy issues are covered along with the constitutional standards. Then, the second part addresses the types of actions sought by those who assert a need for remedies against police investigatory stops. The third aspect of this text is an analysis of the mechanism by which challengers force elected officials into the defensive settlements seen in 1998-2001. Next, the roles of elected officials, police managers and police unions in dealing with this controversy is discussed. Finally, preventive steps are suggested that can practically be implemented to avoid this controversy from affecting successful police administration. By taking apart the complex topic and showing its meaning, significance and consequential events, it is hoped that this book will help facilitate solutions where currently there is confusion and alarm.

Criminal Interdiction

Author : Steven Varnell
Publisher : Dog Ear Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1608448193
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Criminal Interdiction by : Steven Varnell

Download or read book Criminal Interdiction written by Steven Varnell and published by Dog Ear Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminal Interdiction is a book for the patrol officer who wants to perform their profession more efficiently. Future officers, students, and the general public can learn about how and why we do certain things in this countries war on crime. The focus of interdiction has always been perceived as illegal drugs, but this is just one category in many. The name Criminal Interdiction says a lot. We can make a difference by making our communities a safer place to live. Criminal Interdiction is written by one of the most experienced interdiction officers in the country today. It is not a tell all book, but a guide we can all use to come home safely. Safety is the lead component as you will learn to quickly recognize the dangers of the people who are encountered. Be there as criminals are identified, stopped, the questions are asked, and the body language is recognized. Steve is a State Trooper with the Florida Highway Patrol. He has worked for the FHP for over 28 years. For the last 26 years, he has worked in the Patrols Contraband Interdiction Program as both an interdiction officer and a K-9 officer. He is a certified instructor for the agency in various areas. Steve was a part of FHP's interdiction pilot program which began in 1983. Almost his entire career has been involved in criminal interdiction. Although he is assigned in Florida, he has worked with and assisted the Texas DPS in the Valley, the U.S. Border Patrol and U.S. Customs Inspectors in various regions of the border in Texas and New Mexico. Steve taught as an adjunct instructor for three years for the MCTFT program through St. Petersburg College. He has taught officers in nearly every state of the union courses in highway interdiction and body language.

A Pound of Flesh

Author : Alexes Harris
Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448553
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis A Pound of Flesh by : Alexes Harris

Download or read book A Pound of Flesh written by Alexes Harris and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2016-06-08 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over seven million Americans are either incarcerated, on probation, or on parole, with their criminal records often following them for life and affecting access to higher education, jobs, and housing. Court-ordered monetary sanctions that compel criminal defendants to pay fines, fees, surcharges, and restitution further inhibit their ability to reenter society. In A Pound of Flesh, sociologist Alexes Harris analyzes the rise of monetary sanctions in the criminal justice system and shows how they permanently penalize and marginalize the poor. She exposes the damaging effects of a little-understood component of criminal sentencing and shows how it further perpetuates racial and economic inequality. Harris draws from extensive sentencing data, legal documents, observations of court hearings, and interviews with defendants, judges, prosecutors, and other court officials. She documents how low-income defendants are affected by monetary sanctions, which include fees for public defenders and a variety of processing charges. Until these debts are paid in full, individuals remain under judicial supervision, subject to court summons, warrants, and jail stays. As a result of interest and surcharges that accumulate on unpaid financial penalties, these monetary sanctions often become insurmountable legal debts which many offenders carry for the remainder of their lives. Harris finds that such fiscal sentences, which are imposed disproportionately on low-income minorities, help create a permanent economic underclass and deepen social stratification. A Pound of Flesh delves into the court practices of five counties in Washington State to illustrate the ways in which subjective sentencing shapes the practice of monetary sanctions. Judges and court clerks hold a considerable degree of discretion in the sentencing and monitoring of monetary sanctions and rely on individual values—such as personal responsibility, meritocracy, and paternalism—to determine how much and when offenders should pay. Harris shows that monetary sanctions are imposed at different rates across jurisdictions, with little or no state government oversight. Local officials’ reliance on their own values and beliefs can also push offenders further into debt—for example, when judges charge defendants who lack the means to pay their fines with contempt of court and penalize them with additional fines or jail time. A Pound of Flesh provides a timely examination of how monetary sanctions permanently bind poor offenders to the judicial system. Harris concludes that in letting monetary sanctions go unchecked, we have created a two-tiered legal system that imposes additional burdens on already-marginalized groups.

Advanced Vehicle Stop Tactics

Author : Michael T. Rayburn
Publisher : LLP
ISBN 13 : 9781889031453
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Advanced Vehicle Stop Tactics by : Michael T. Rayburn

Download or read book Advanced Vehicle Stop Tactics written by Michael T. Rayburn and published by LLP. This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spans low to high-risk stops on a variety of vehicles including cars, trucks, campers, vans, buses and motorcycles. Learn to ID and leverage blind spots. Use "bluff call-outs" to your advantage. Understand vehicular angles of deflection - the safest way to position your vehicle. Ensure maximum tactical safety on every stop - recognize dangerous movements. Use the "half stop" approach to increase your effectiveness. Overcome the problems with tinted windows. Command Presence and Proper Voice Commands.

The Black Man's Guide: 7 Steps to Surviving a Police Traffic Stop

Author : Vincent Ross
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis The Black Man's Guide: 7 Steps to Surviving a Police Traffic Stop by : Vincent Ross

Download or read book The Black Man's Guide: 7 Steps to Surviving a Police Traffic Stop written by Vincent Ross and published by . This book was released on 2020-06-03 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Police traffic stops, Racial profiling and police brutality have been mixtures for some of the most prominent black deaths in African/American history. Philando Castile, Sandra Bland, Walter L. Scott (most recently, George Floyd) and so many others have been the faces of the #BlackLivesMatter movement. Reports over the years and in several foreign states where the Black man tries to make a living, have shown that more Black drivers are stopped by the Police than white drivers even though they are less likely to have committed the suspected offence. More often than not, these stops are likely to turn violent with officers trigger happy, seeking to make arrests or simply to punish for an unconscious crime - driving while Black. A routine traffic stop can quickly turn to a search for drugs, an immigration violation, jail time or worse, death.This Black Man's Guide to police traffic stops would teach you everything you need to know and do to survive a police traffic stop. Coupled with an analysis of reported cases, statistics and down to earth humanity, this concise manual for survival highlights seven (7) simple and deliberate steps that could save your life.

The End of Policing

Author : Alex S. Vitale
Publisher : Verso Books
ISBN 13 : 1784782904
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (847 download)

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Book Synopsis The End of Policing by : Alex S. Vitale

Download or read book The End of Policing written by Alex S. Vitale and published by Verso Books. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The massive uprising following the police killing of George Floyd in the summer of 2020--by some estimates the largest protests in US history--thrust the argument to defund the police to the forefront of international politics. It also made The End of Policing a bestseller and Alex Vitale, its author, a leading figure in the urgent public discussion over police and racial justice. As the writer Rachel Kushner put it in an article called "Things I Can't Live Without", this book explains that "unfortunately, no increased diversity on police forces, nor body cameras, nor better training, has made any seeming difference" in reducing police killings and abuse. "We need to restructure our society and put resources into communities themselves, an argument Alex Vitale makes very persuasively." The problem, Vitale demonstrates, is policing itself-the dramatic expansion of the police role over the last forty years. Drawing on first-hand research from across the globe, The End of Policing describes how the implementation of alternatives to policing, like drug legalization, regulation, and harm reduction instead of the policing of drugs, has led to reductions in crime, spending, and injustice. This edition includes a new introduction that takes stock of the renewed movement to challenge police impunity and shows how we move forward, evaluating protest, policy, and the political situation.

Cincinnati Police Department Traffic Stops

Author : Greg Ridgeway
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833047892
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Cincinnati Police Department Traffic Stops by : Greg Ridgeway

Download or read book Cincinnati Police Department Traffic Stops written by Greg Ridgeway and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2009 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2002, the Cincinnati Police Department (CPD) joined with other agencies and organizations to improve police-community relations in the city. This report focuses on the analysis of racial disparities in traffic stops in Cincinnati. The authors find no evidence of racial differences between the stops of black and those of similarly situated nonblack drivers, but some issues can exacerbate the perception of racial bias.

Street Level Narcotics

Author : R. Ellison Daren R. Ellison
Publisher : iUniverse
ISBN 13 : 9781440168475
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Street Level Narcotics by : R. Ellison Daren R. Ellison

Download or read book Street Level Narcotics written by R. Ellison Daren R. Ellison and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2009-09 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "More of a narcotics patrol bible, this book provides insight and know how only a very experienced dope cop could illustrate. Daren Ellison gives real world examples and situations that can help any patrolman. I found this book logically organized and enjoyable to read. It will likely become your new field patrol manual you can quickly refer to when you are hitting the streets hunting for dope." -Sean Mountjoy Deputy Sheriff Kern County Sheriff's Office For any patrolman who wants to improve his skills when dealing with drug addicts and criminals in general, "Street Level Narcotics" is a must read and should find its place in every law library and patrol squadroom across the country. With twelve years of law enforcement experience and ten years working patrol and street level dope, Daren Ellison brings a unique and unorthodox perspective when dealing with the common problems of drug related crime.

Traffic Stop Self-Defense

Author : Gary Crowley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Traffic Stop Self-Defense by : Gary Crowley

Download or read book Traffic Stop Self-Defense written by Gary Crowley and published by . This book was released on 2021-06-14 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a better way for you to interact with law enforcement during modern policing traffic stops. Traffic stops are one of the foremost modern fishing tools used to find "more crimes" by police departments everywhere. Thus, traffic stops require you to be profoundly aware of your Constitutional Rights before the law enforcement interaction begins. Today's traffic stops have made everyone pulled over by the police a "criminal suspect." Today you need to know your Constitutional Rights to remain silent, your right to an attorney, and your right to not consent to searches with police encounters of every kind, from the moment you are being "detained" by the police. When you are involved in a traffic stop, you are being detained. If you were to ask the officer, "Am I being detained or am I free to go?" they would say, "You are being detained." This book teaches you exactly how to protect yourself during a traffic stop by properly asserting your Constitutional Rights.

Chokehold

Author : Paul Butler
Publisher : The New Press
ISBN 13 : 1620974983
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Chokehold by : Paul Butler

Download or read book Chokehold written by Paul Butler and published by The New Press. This book was released on 2018-09-18 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finalist for the 2018 National Council on Crime & Delinquency’s Media for a Just Society Awards Nominated for the 49th NAACP Image Award for Outstanding Literary Work (Nonfiction) A 2017 Washington Post Notable Book A Kirkus Best Book of 2017 “Butler has hit his stride. This is a meditation, a sonnet, a legal brief, a poetry slam and a dissertation that represents the full bloom of his early thesis: The justice system does not work for blacks, particularly black men.” —The Washington Post “The most readable and provocative account of the consequences of the war on drugs since Michelle Alexander’s The New Jim Crow . . . .” —The New York Times Book Review “Powerful . . . deeply informed from a legal standpoint and yet in some ways still highly personal” —The Times Literary Supplement (London) With the eloquence of Ta-Nehisi Coates and the persuasive research of Michelle Alexander, a former federal prosecutor explains how the system really works, and how to disrupt it Cops, politicians, and ordinary people are afraid of black men. The result is the Chokehold: laws and practices that treat every African American man like a thug. In this explosive new book, an African American former federal prosecutor shows that the system is working exactly the way it's supposed to. Black men are always under watch, and police violence is widespread—all with the support of judges and politicians. In his no-holds-barred style, Butler, whose scholarship has been featured on 60 Minutes, uses new data to demonstrate that white men commit the majority of violent crime in the United States. For example, a white woman is ten times more likely to be raped by a white male acquaintance than be the victim of a violent crime perpetrated by a black man. Butler also frankly discusses the problem of black on black violence and how to keep communities safer—without relying as much on police. Chokehold powerfully demonstrates why current efforts to reform law enforcement will not create lasting change. Butler's controversial recommendations about how to crash the system, and when it's better for a black man to plead guilty—even if he's innocent—are sure to be game-changers in the national debate about policing, criminal justice, and race relations.

When Police Kill

Author : Franklin E. Zimring
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 067497803X
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis When Police Kill by : Franklin E. Zimring

Download or read book When Police Kill written by Franklin E. Zimring and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A remarkable book.”—Malcolm Gladwell, San Francisco Chronicle Deaths of civilians at the hands of on-duty police are in the national spotlight as never before. How many killings by police occur annually? What circumstances provoke police to shoot to kill? Who dies? The lack of answers to these basic questions points to a crisis in American government that urgently requires the attention of policy experts. When Police Kill is a groundbreaking analysis of the use of lethal force by police in the United States and how its death toll can be reduced. Franklin Zimring compiles data from federal records, crowdsourced research, and investigative journalism to provide a comprehensive, fact-based picture of how, when, where, and why police resort to deadly force. Of the 1,100 killings by police in the United States in 2015, he shows, 85 percent were fatal shootings and 95 percent of victims were male. The death rates for African Americans and Native Americans are twice their share of the population. Civilian deaths from shootings and other police actions are vastly higher in the United States than in other developed nations, but American police also confront an unusually high risk of fatal assault. Zimring offers policy prescriptions for how federal, state, and local governments can reduce killings by police without risking the lives of officers. Criminal prosecution of police officers involved in killings is rare and only necessary in extreme cases. But clear administrative rules could save hundreds of lives without endangering police officers. “Roughly 1,000 Americans die each year at the hands of the police...The civilian body count does not seem to be declining, even though violent crime generally and the on-duty deaths of police officers are down sharply...Zimring’s most explosive assertion—which leaps out...—is that police leaders don’t care...To paraphrase the French philosopher Joseph de Maistre, every country gets the police it deserves.” —Bill Keller, New York Times “If you think for one second that the issue of cop killings doesn’t go to the heart of the debate about gun violence, think again. Because what Zimring shows is that not only are most fatalities which occur at the hands of police the result of cops using guns, but the number of such deaths each year is undercounted by more than half!...[A] valuable and important book...It needs to be read.” —Mike Weisser, Huffington Post

Locking Up Our Own

Author : James Forman, Jr.
Publisher : Farrar, Straus and Giroux
ISBN 13 : 0374712905
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (747 download)

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Book Synopsis Locking Up Our Own by : James Forman, Jr.

Download or read book Locking Up Our Own written by James Forman, Jr. and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2017-04-18 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, America’s criminal justice system has become the subject of an increasingly urgent debate. Critics have assailed the rise of mass incarceration, emphasizing its disproportionate impact on people of color. As James Forman, Jr., points out, however, the war on crime that began in the 1970s was supported by many African American leaders in the nation’s urban centers. In Locking Up Our Own, he seeks to understand why. Forman shows us that the first substantial cohort of black mayors, judges, and police chiefs took office amid a surge in crime and drug addiction. Many prominent black officials, including Washington, D.C. mayor Marion Barry and federal prosecutor Eric Holder, feared that the gains of the civil rights movement were being undermined by lawlessness—and thus embraced tough-on-crime measures, including longer sentences and aggressive police tactics. In the face of skyrocketing murder rates and the proliferation of open-air drug markets, they believed they had no choice. But the policies they adopted would have devastating consequences for residents of poor black neighborhoods. A former D.C. public defender, Forman tells riveting stories of politicians, community activists, police officers, defendants, and crime victims. He writes with compassion about individuals trapped in terrible dilemmas—from the men and women he represented in court to officials struggling to respond to a public safety emergency. Locking Up Our Own enriches our understanding of why our society became so punitive and offers important lessons to anyone concerned about the future of race and the criminal justice system in this country.

Crook County

Author : Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve
Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804799202
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Crook County by : Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve

Download or read book Crook County written by Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-24 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the 2017 Eduardo Bonilla-Silva Outstanding Book Award, sponsored by the Society for the Study of Social Problems. Finalist for the C. Wright Mills Book Award, sponsored by the Society for the Study of Social Problems. Winner of the 2017 Oliver Cromwell Cox Book Award, sponsored by the American Sociological Association's Section on Racial and Ethnic Minorities. Winner of the 2017 Mary Douglas Prize for Best Book, sponsored by the American Sociological Association's Sociology of Culture Section. Honorable Mention in the 2017 Book Award from the American Sociological Association's Section on Race, Class, and Gender. NAACP Image Award Nominee for an Outstanding Literary Work from a debut author. Winner of the 2017 Prose Award for Excellence in Social Sciences and the 2017 Prose Category Award for Law and Legal Studies, sponsored by the Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division, Association of American Publishers. Silver Medal from the Independent Publisher Book Awards (Current Events/Social Issues category). Americans are slowly waking up to the dire effects of racial profiling, police brutality, and mass incarceration, especially in disadvantaged neighborhoods and communities of color. The criminal courts are the crucial gateway between police action on the street and the processing of primarily black and Latino defendants into jails and prisons. And yet the courts, often portrayed as sacred, impartial institutions, have remained shrouded in secrecy, with the majority of Americans kept in the dark about how they function internally. Crook County bursts open the courthouse doors and enters the hallways, courtrooms, judges' chambers, and attorneys' offices to reveal a world of punishment determined by race, not offense. Nicole Gonzalez Van Cleve spent ten years working in and investigating the largest criminal courthouse in the country, Chicago–Cook County, and based on over 1,000 hours of observation, she takes readers inside our so-called halls of justice to witness the types of everyday racial abuses that fester within the courts, often in plain sight. We watch white courtroom professionals classify and deliberate on the fates of mostly black and Latino defendants while racial abuse and due process violations are encouraged and even seen as justified. Judges fall asleep on the bench. Prosecutors hang out like frat boys in the judges' chambers while the fates of defendants hang in the balance. Public defenders make choices about which defendants they will try to "save" and which they will sacrifice. Sheriff's officers cruelly mock and abuse defendants' family members. Delve deeper into Crook County with related media and instructor resources at www.sup.org/crookcountyresources. Crook County's powerful and at times devastating narratives reveal startling truths about a legal culture steeped in racial abuse. Defendants find themselves thrust into a pernicious legal world where courtroom actors live and breathe racism while simultaneously committing themselves to a colorblind ideal. Gonzalez Van Cleve urges all citizens to take a closer look at the way we do justice in America and to hold our arbiters of justice accountable to the highest standards of equality.