Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book

Download Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 032339485X
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (233 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book by : Steven D. Waldman

Download or read book Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book written by Steven D. Waldman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-09-27 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Still the only atlas available devoted to the physical diagnosis of pain, this highly practical guide mirrors the clinician’s approach to pain evaluation: focusing on "what is it" rather than "where is it." Through concise text, high-quality illustrations, and real-time videos, internationally recognized pain expert Dr. Steven Waldman provides clear, how-to methods for evaluating and diagnosing more than 240 pain-related conditions through their physical signs. Comprehensive and lavishly illustrated, this essential atlas is a must-have resource for all practitioners and trainees that encounter patients with pain. Provides essential physical examination techniques for the full range of pain-related conditions in the cervical spine, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand, chest wall, thorax and thoracic spine, lumbar spine, abdominal wall and pelvis, hip, knee, ankle and foot. Each chapter follows the same concise format for ease of use and quick reference: anatomy, inspection, palpation, and range of motion, followed by relevant special tests. Includes 20 brand-new procedures such as the Sharp Purser Test for atlanto-axial joint instability; the Crank Test for tears of the glenoid labrum; the Chair Lift Test for tennis elbow; the Stork Test for sacroiliac joint pain; the Fulcrum Test for stress fractures of the femur; the Mulder Sign for Morton’s neuroma, and many more. Provides exceptional visual guidance via hundreds of high-quality radiographic images, clinical photos, and color line drawings -- many NEW to this edition. Includes real-time videos of Dr. Waldman and his staff demonstrating key physical examination techniques, helping you increase your expertise and reach an accurate diagnosis.

Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book

Download Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323712614
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (237 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book by : Steven D. Waldman

Download or read book Physical Diagnosis of Pain E-Book written by Steven D. Waldman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a practical focus on how a clinician evaluates pain – "what is it?" rather than "where is it?" – Physical Diagnosis of Pain, 4th Edition, remains your most authoritative source for guidance in this key area of pain management. In this award-winning reference, internationally recognized pain expert Dr. Steven Waldman takes you step by step through the evaluation and diagnosis of more than 280 pain-related conditions based on physical signs. Concise, superbly illustrated chapters help you rapidly diagnose pathology based on physical techniques rather than relying on imaging alone. Examines the full range of pain-related conditions in the cervical spine, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand, chest wall, thorax and thoracic spine, lumbar spine, abdominal wall and pelvis, hip, knee, ankle and foot. Follows a consistent format in each chapter for quick reference: anatomy, inspection, palpation, and range of motion, followed by relevant special tests. Features hundreds of high-quality radiographic images, clinical photos, and color line drawings to demonstrate the physical exam clearly and simply. Contains 34 new chapters, including The Finger Flexion Test for Cervical Myelopathy, The Keibler Anterior Slide Test for SLAP Lesions, The Biceps Entrapment Test for Biceps Entrapment, The Tethered Thumb Test for de Quervain Tenosynovitis, The Direct Pressure Spring Test for Osteitis Pubis, The Hip Lag Sign for Gluteus Medius Tear, The Beatty Test for Piriformis Syndrome, Foucher’s Sign for Baker Cyst, and many more. Includes dozens of real-time videos of Dr. Waldman and his staff performing physical examination techniques, providing expert, how-to-do-it guidance. Winner - 2016 BMA Medical Book Awards First Prize in Anesthesia.

Physical Diagnosis of Pain

Download Physical Diagnosis of Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Saunders
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Physical Diagnosis of Pain by : Steven D. Waldman

Download or read book Physical Diagnosis of Pain written by Steven D. Waldman and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2010 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edition continues to offer a clear, how-to-do-it approach to the accurate diagnosis of 300 conditions through their physical signs. Thirty new chapters and a DVD of procedural videos performed by Dr. Walderman provide real-world applications to this text.

Physical Diagnosis of Pain

Download Physical Diagnosis of Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (622 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Physical Diagnosis of Pain by : Janko Nijman

Download or read book Physical Diagnosis of Pain written by Janko Nijman and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2020-12-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a practical focus on how a clinician evaluates pain - "what is it?" rather than "where is it?" - Physical Diagnosis of Pain, 4th Edition, remains your most authoritative source for guidance in this key area of pain management. In this award-winning reference, internationally recognized pain expert Dr. Steven Waldman takes you step by step through the evaluation and diagnosis of more than 280 pain-related conditions based on physical signs. Concise, superbly illustrated chapters help you rapidly diagnose pathology based on physical techniques rather than relying on imaging alone. Examines the full range of pain-related conditions in the cervical spine, shoulder, elbow, forearm, wrist and hand, chest wall, thorax and thoracic spine, lumbar spine, abdominal wall and pelvis, hip, knee, ankle and foot. Follows a consistent format in each chapter for quick reference: anatomy, inspection, palpation, and range of motion, followed by relevant special tests. Features hundreds of high-quality radiographic images, clinical photos, and color line drawings to demonstrate the physical exam clearly and simply. Contains 34 new chapters, including The Finger Flexion Test for Cervical Myelopathy, The Keibler Anterior Slide Test for SLAP Lesions, The Biceps Entrapment Test for Biceps Entrapment, The Tethered Thumb Test for de Quervain Tenosynovitis, The Direct Pressure Spring Test for Osteitis Pubis, The Hip Lag Sign for Gluteus Medius Tear, The Beatty Test for Piriformis Syndrome, Foucher's Sign for Baker Cyst, and many more. Includes dozens of real-time videos of Dr. Waldman and his staff performing physical examination techniques, providing expert, how-to-do-it guidance. Winner - 2016 BMA Medical Book Awards First Prize in Anesthesia. Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Physical Diagnosis of Pain

Download Physical Diagnosis of Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Saunders
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 424 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Physical Diagnosis of Pain by : Steven D. Waldman

Download or read book Physical Diagnosis of Pain written by Steven D. Waldman and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2006 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying DVD-ROM contains ... "video clips that depict pain evaluation techniques."--Page 4 of cover.

Evidence-based Physical Diagnosis

Download Evidence-based Physical Diagnosis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Saunders
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 884 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Evidence-based Physical Diagnosis by : Steven R. McGee

Download or read book Evidence-based Physical Diagnosis written by Steven R. McGee and published by Saunders. This book was released on 2007 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clinical reference that takes an evidence-based approach to the physical examination. Updated to reflect the latest advances in the science of physical examination, and expanded to include many new topics.

Essentials of Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesia

Download Essentials of Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesia PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Churchill Livingstone
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 766 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Essentials of Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesia by : Honorio T. Benzon

Download or read book Essentials of Pain Medicine and Regional Anesthesia written by Honorio T. Benzon and published by Churchill Livingstone. This book was released on 2005 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Here's an accessible and concise, yet complete overview of today's theory and practice of pain medicine and regional anesthesia. From basic considerations through the evaluation and management of a full range of specific pain syndromes, including cancer pain, you'll find all of the knowledge that's necessary for certification and practice."--BOOK JACKET.

Atlas of Uncommon Pain Syndromes

Download Atlas of Uncommon Pain Syndromes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier España
ISBN 13 : 9788481747263
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (472 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Atlas of Uncommon Pain Syndromes by : Steven D. Waldman

Download or read book Atlas of Uncommon Pain Syndromes written by Steven D. Waldman and published by Elsevier España. This book was released on 2003 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This one-of-a-kind resource offers complete, concise, and highly visual guidance on the uncommon pain syndromes practitioners may encounter in practice, focusing on diagnosis and management. Vivid illustrations depict the physical symptoms and anatomy of each pain site as well as key imaging findings involving techniques such as MRI, CT, and conventional radiography. Includes the ICD-9 codes to expedite billing. Uses a consistent format to explore each pain syndrome, progressing through diagnostic codes · signs and symptoms · physical findings · laboratory and radiographic testing · treatment options · and clinical pearls-allowing readers to find the information they need fast. Examines "hot topics" such ice pick headache · abdominal angina · Paget's disease · achilles bursitis · post-mastectomy pain · and more. Features over 245 illustrations-125 in full color-including crisp line drawings by a master medical illustrator, as well as x-rays, CTs, and MRIs. Explores side effects and complications, helping clinicians avoid common diagnostic pitfalls. Serves as a companion volume to Dr. Waldman's Atlas of Common Pain Syndromes.

Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain

Download Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838805893
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain by : Umashankar Lakshmanadoss

Download or read book Differential Diagnosis of Chest Pain written by Umashankar Lakshmanadoss and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide an excellent overview of the differential diagnosis and approach to chest pain in various clinical settings. This book is divided into two sections including the introduction and the approach to chest pain. Our introductory chapter starts with the basic principles of statistics and its application in various diagnostic modalities of heart disease. Our authors present a nice approach to patients presenting with chest pain in various scenarios. We have also included a chapter describing GERD, which could present as chest pain and another chapter describing aortic dissection, which is a life-threatening disease presenting with chest pain. We hope that this book will serve as an accessible handbook on the differential diagnosis of chest pain.

Textbook of Physical Diagnosis E-Book

Download Textbook of Physical Diagnosis E-Book PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323674534
Total Pages : 768 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (236 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Textbook of Physical Diagnosis E-Book by : Mark H. Swartz

Download or read book Textbook of Physical Diagnosis E-Book written by Mark H. Swartz and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mastering each aspect of the patient interview and physical exam is fundamental to medical education, resulting in more accurate diagnostic skills, more effective patient management, and better patient outcomes! Dr. Swartz’s Textbook of Physical Diagnosis is a highly respected reference in this critical area, offering a compassionate, humanistic approach to the art and science of interviewing and physical examination. From cover to cover, you’ll learn how your interpersonal awareness is just as important in physical diagnosis as your level of skill – and why clinical competence in this area is essential for physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and all members of the healthcare profession. Explores how cultural differences can influence communication, diet, family relationships, and health practices and beliefs – which may affect your approach to a patient’s treatment. Features hundreds of high-quality color images, an easy-to-use design, and detailed descriptions of practical techniques throughout. Offers clear, easy-to-understand explanations of interviewing and examination techniques, clinical presentations, pathophysiology, complementary and alternative medicine, and physical diagnosis standards and tests. All chapters completely reviewed and revised. Features a new chapter on deconstructing racism and bias in clinical medicine. Provides expanded coverage of the musculoskeletal system with more specialty examinations of joints. Emphasizes precision, accuracy, and critical thinking in clinical assessment. Highlights clinical ethics and professionalism. Includes more than 6 hours of in-depth video, featuring step-by-step key aspects of the physical examination for adults, toddlers, and newborns, important interviewing scenarios, and audio of heart and lung sounds. Evolve Instructor site with an image and video collection is available to instructors through their Elsevier sales rep or via request at https://evolve.elsevier.com.

Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis

Download Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323754848
Total Pages : 882 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (237 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis by : Steven McGee

Download or read book Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis written by Steven McGee and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-07-08 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-based insights into physical signs have evolved and progressed greatly over the past few years, further defining how physical findings identify disease, solve clinical problems, and forecast patient outcomes. Evidence-Based Physical Diagnosis, 5th Edition, is an up-to-date, authoritative resource for guidance on interpreting physical signs, enabling you to determine the most appropriate physical finding to confirm a diagnosis. Incorporating more than 200 new studies, this definitive text helps you glean the most from what you hear, see, and feel at the bedside—information that, combined with modern technologic testing, will grant clinicians the keys to outstanding patient care. Emphasizes the most important physical signs needed to determine the underlying condition or disease. Internationally renowned author Dr. Steven McGee shows readers how to pare down the multiple tests needed to confirm a diagnosis, saving both the physician and patient time and money. Features a reader-friendly outline format, including dozens of "EBM boxes" and accompanying "EBM ruler" illustrations. Contains thorough updates from cover to cover, including new evidence on the scientific value of the Romberg test (spinal stenosis); oximeter paradoxus (cardiac tamponade); platypnea (liver disease); pupil size in red eye (acute glaucoma); hum test (hearing loss); and many more. Begins each chapter with a list of Key Teaching Points, intended for readers desiring quick summaries and for teachers constructing concise bedside lessons. Features a unique evidence-based calculator online that enables you to easily determine probability using likelihood ratios.

Practical Management of Pain

Download Practical Management of Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323083404
Total Pages : 1379 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (23 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Practical Management of Pain by : Honorio MD Benzon

Download or read book Practical Management of Pain written by Honorio MD Benzon and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-09-12 with total page 1379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obtain all the core knowledge in pain management you need from one of the most trusted resources in the field. The new edition of Practical Management of Pain gives you completely updated, multidisciplinary overview of every aspect of pain medicine, including evaluation, diagnosis of pain syndromes, rationales for management, treatment modalities, and much more. In print and online, it is all the expert guidance necessary to offer your patients the best possible relief. "In summary, this is the best explanation of what lies behind MRI that I have read, taking what can be a dry subject and making it readily understandable and really interesting. I would recommend it to anyone starting their MRI training and anyone trying to teach MRI to others." Reviewed by RAD Magazine, June 2015 Understand and apply the latest developments in pain medicine with brand-new chapters covering disability assessment, central post-stroke pain, chronic widespread pain, and burn pain. Effectively ease your patients' pain with today's best management techniques, including joint injections, ultrasound-guided therapies, and new pharmacologic agents (such as topical analgesics). Access up-to-the-minute knowledge on all aspects of pain management, from general principles to specific management techniques, with contributions from renowned experts in the field. Read the full text and view all the images online at expertconsult.com. Understand and apply the latest developments in pain management with brand-new chapters covering disability assessment, central post-stroke pain, widespread chronic pain, and burn pain. Effectively ease your patients' pain with today's best management techniques, including joint injections, ultrasound-guided therapies, and new pharmacologic agents (such as topical analgesics).

Musculoskeletal Physical Examination

Download Musculoskeletal Physical Examination PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 1560535911
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (65 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Musculoskeletal Physical Examination by : Gerard A. Malanga

Download or read book Musculoskeletal Physical Examination written by Gerard A. Malanga and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2006 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Evidence based throughout, this unique text analyzes the cumulative results of all of today's musculoskeletal tests to give you guidance on which approach to use in any situation."--Résumé de l'éditeur.

Relieving Pain in America

Download Relieving Pain in America PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030921484X
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Relieving Pain in America by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Relieving Pain in America written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-10-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic pain costs the nation up to $635 billion each year in medical treatment and lost productivity. The 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act required the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to enlist the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in examining pain as a public health problem. In this report, the IOM offers a blueprint for action in transforming prevention, care, education, and research, with the goal of providing relief for people with pain in America. To reach the vast multitude of people with various types of pain, the nation must adopt a population-level prevention and management strategy. The IOM recommends that HHS develop a comprehensive plan with specific goals, actions, and timeframes. Better data are needed to help shape efforts, especially on the groups of people currently underdiagnosed and undertreated, and the IOM encourages federal and state agencies and private organizations to accelerate the collection of data on pain incidence, prevalence, and treatments. Because pain varies from patient to patient, healthcare providers should increasingly aim at tailoring pain care to each person's experience, and self-management of pain should be promoted. In addition, because there are major gaps in knowledge about pain across health care and society alike, the IOM recommends that federal agencies and other stakeholders redesign education programs to bridge these gaps. Pain is a major driver for visits to physicians, a major reason for taking medications, a major cause of disability, and a key factor in quality of life and productivity. Given the burden of pain in human lives, dollars, and social consequences, relieving pain should be a national priority.

Pain Free

Download Pain Free PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Bantam
ISBN 13 : 0804152640
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (41 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Pain Free by : Pete Egoscue

Download or read book Pain Free written by Pete Egoscue and published by Bantam. This book was released on 2014-06-25 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starting today, you don't have to live in pain. “This book is extraordinary, and I am thrilled to recommend it to anyone who’s interested in dramatically increasing the quality of their physical health.”—Tony Robbins That is the revolutionary message of this breakthrough system for eliminating chronic pain without drugs, surgery, or expensive physical therapy. Developed by Pete Egoscue, a nationally renowned physiologist and sports injury consultant to some of today’s top athletes, the Egoscue Method has an astounding 95 percent success rate. The key is a series of gentle exercises and carefully constructed stretches called E-cises. Inside you’ll find detailed photographs and step-by-step instructions for dozens of e-cizes specifically designed to provide quick and lasting relief of: • Lower back pain, hip problems, sciatica, and bad knees • Carpal tunnel syndrome and even some forms of arthritis • Migraines and other headaches, stiff neck, fatigue, sinus problems, vertigo, and TMJ • Shin splints, varicose veins, sprained or weak ankles, and many foot ailments • Bursitis, tendinitis, and rotator cuff problems Plus special preventive programs for maintaining health through the entire body. With this book in hand, you’re on your way to regaining the greatest gift of all: a pain-free body!

Under the Medical Gaze

Download Under the Medical Gaze PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520925092
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Under the Medical Gaze by : Susan Greenhalgh

Download or read book Under the Medical Gaze written by Susan Greenhalgh and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2001-05-03 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling account of the author's experience with a chronic pain disorder and subsequent interaction with the American health care system goes to the heart of the workings of power and culture in the biomedical domain. It is a medical whodunit full of mysterious misdiagnosis, subtle power plays, and shrewd detective work. Setting a new standard for the practice of autoethnography, Susan Greenhalgh presents a case study of her intense encounter with an enthusiastic young specialist who, through creative interpretation of the diagnostic criteria for a newly emerging chronic disease, became convinced she had a painful, essentially untreatable, lifelong muscle condition called fibromyalgia. Greenhalgh traces the ruinous effects of this diagnosis on her inner world, bodily health, and overall well-being. Under the Medical Gaze serves as a powerful illustration of medicine's power to create and inflict suffering, to define disease and the self, and to manage relationships and lives. Greenhalgh ultimately learns that she had been misdiagnosed and begins the long process of undoing the physical and emotional damage brought about by her nearly catastrophic treatment. In considering how things could go so awry, she embarks on a cogent and powerful analysis of the sociopolitical sources of pain through feminist, cultural, and political understandings of the nature of medical discourse and practice in the United States. She develops fresh arguments about the power of medicine to medicalize our selves and lives, the seductions of medical science, and the deep, psychologically rooted difficulties women patients face in interactions with male physicians. In the end, Under the Medical Gaze goes beyond the critique of biomedicine to probe the social roots of chronic pain and therapeutic alternatives that rely on neither the body-cure of conventional medicine nor the mind-cure of some alternative medicines, but rather a broader set of strategies that address the sociopolitical sources of pain.

Low Back Pain

Download Low Back Pain PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 762 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Low Back Pain by : David G. Borenstein

Download or read book Low Back Pain written by David G. Borenstein and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 2nd Edition provides definitive coverage of the medical causes of low back pain. The specific diagnostic and treatment maneuvers required for effective decision making are discussed. Broad implications of the responsible disease process, mechanisms of mechanical failure, and specific medical therapies are covered in depth. Topics include epidemiology, expanded coverage of MRI, occult trauma, myofascial pain and traumatic neuropathy, and occupational low back pain.