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Author : Bengt G. Ränby
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 588 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Photodegradation, photooxidation, and photostabilization of polymers written by Bengt G. Ränby and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J.F. Rabek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400907478
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Photostabilization of Polymers written by J.F. Rabek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two decades, the production of polymers and plastics has been increasing rapidly. In spite of developing new polymers and polymeric materials, only 40-60 are used commercially on a large scale. It has been estimated that half of the annual production of polymers is employed outdoors. Increasing the stability of polymers and plastics towards heat, light, atmospheric oxygen and other environmental agents and weathering conditions has always been a very important problem. The photochemical instability of most of polymers limits them to outdoor application, where they are photo degraded fast over periods ranging from months to a few years. To the despair of technologists and consumers alike, photodegrada tion and environmental ageing of polymers occur much faster than can be expected from knowledge collected in laboratories. In many cases, improved methods of preparation and purification of both monomers and polymers yield products of better quality and higher resistance to heat and light. However, without stabilization of polymers by applica tion of antioxidants (to decrease thermal oxidative degradation) and photostabilizers (to decrease photo-oxidative degradation) it would be impossible to employ polymers and plastics in everyday use.
Author : J.F. Rabek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401112746
Total Pages : 679 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Polymer Photodegradation written by J.F. Rabek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last two decades, the production of polymers and plastics has been increasing rapidly. In spite of developing new polymers and polymeric materials, only 40~60 are used commercially on a large scale. It has been estimated that half of the annual production of polymers is employed outdoors. The photochemical instability of most polymers limits their outdoor application as they are photodegraded quickly over periods from months to a few years. To the despair of technologists and consumers alike, photodegradation and environmental ageing of polymers occur much faster than can be expected from knowledge collected in laboratories. In order to improve polymer photostability there has been a very big effort during the last 30 years to understand the mechanisms involved in photodegradation and environmental ageing. This book represents the author's attempt, based on his 25 years' experience in research on photodegradation and photo stabilization, to collect and generalize a number of available data on the photodegradation of polymers. The space limitation and the tremendous number of publications in the past two decades have made a detailed presentation of all important results and data difficult. The author apologizes to those whose work has not been quoted or widely presented in this book. Because many published results are very often contradictory, it has been difficult to present a fully critical review of collected knowledge, without antagonizing authors. For that reason, all available theories, mechanisms and different suggestions have been presented together, and only practice can evaluate which of them are valid.
Author : Jan F. Rabek
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642800904
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (428 download)
Download or read book Photodegradation of Polymers written by Jan F. Rabek and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book on physical characteristics and practical aspects of polymer photodegradation Rabek emphasizes the experimental work on the subject. The most important feature of the book is the physical interpretation of polymer degradation, e.g. mechanism of UV/light absorption, formation of excited states, energy transfer mechanism, kinetics, dependence on physical properties of macromolecules and polymer matrices, formation of mechanical defects, practics during environmental ageing. He includes also some aspects of polymer photodegradation in environmental and space condition.
Author : Robert L. Feller
Publisher : Getty Publications
ISBN 13 : 0892361255
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (923 download)
Download or read book Accelerated Aging written by Robert L. Feller and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 1995-03-02 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accelerated Aging: Photochemical and Thermal Aspects represents the culmination of more than 40 years of research by noted scientist Robert L. Feller. The book focuses on the long-term performance of materials such as wool, dyes, and organic compounds; their resistance to change when exposed to environmental factors such as oxygen, ozone, moisture, heat, and light; and their physical durability with handling and use over time. Processes of deterioration are discussed based on speeded-up laboratory studies designed to clarify the chemical reactions involved and their physical consequences.
Author : J. Karger-Kocsis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401144214
Total Pages : 988 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Polypropylene written by J. Karger-Kocsis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 988 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My heart sank when I was approached by Dr Hastings and by Professor Briggs (Senior Editor of Materials Science and Technology and Series Editor of Polymer Science and Technology Series at Chapman & Hall, respectively) to edit a book with the provisional title Handbook of Poly propylene. My reluctance was due to the fact that my former book [1] along with that of Moore [2], issued in the meantime, seemed to cover the information demand on polypropylene and related systems. Encour aged, however, by some colleagues (the new generation of scientists and engineers needs a good reference book with easy information retrieval, and the development with metallocene catalysts deserves a new update!), I started on this venture. Having some experience with polypropylene systems and being aware of the current literature, it was easy to settle the titles for the book chapters and also to select and approach the most suitable potential contributors. Fortunately, many of my first-choice authors accepted the invitation to contribute. Like all editors of multi-author volumes, I recognize that obtaining contributors follows an S-type curve of asymptotic saturation when the number of willing contributors is plotted as a function of time. The saturation point is, however, never reached and as a consequence, Dear Reader, you will also find some topics of some relevance which are not explicitly treated in this book (but, believe me, I have considered them).
Author : N. Nikolai Markovich Emanuel'
Publisher : VSP
ISBN 13 : 9789067640923
Total Pages : 358 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (49 download)
Download or read book Chemical Physics of Polymer Degradation And Stabilization written by N. Nikolai Markovich Emanuel' and published by VSP. This book was released on 1987-06 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Luqman Jameel Rather
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119818885
Total Pages : 370 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (198 download)
Download or read book Sustainable Practices in the Textile Industry written by Luqman Jameel Rather and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasing environmental and health concerns owing to the use of large quantities of water and hazardous chemicals in conventional textile finishing processes has lead to the design and development of new dyeing strategies and technologies. Sustainable Practices in the Textile Industry comprises 13 chapters from various research areas dealing with the application of different sustainable technologies for enhancing the dyeing and comfort properties of textile materials with substantial reduction in wastewater problems. Chapters focus on the sophisticated methods for improving dye extraction and dyeing properties which will minimize the use of bioresource products. This book also brings out the innovative ways of wet chemical processing to alleviate the environmental impacts arising from this sector. This book also discusses innovations in eco-friendly methods for textile wet processes and applications of enzymes in textiles in addition to the advancements in the use of nanotechnology for wastewater remediation.
Author : Bartosz Tylkowski
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 311046974X
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Polymer Engineering written by Bartosz Tylkowski and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-09-25 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer Engineering focuses on the preparation and application of polymers in several hot topics such as artificial photosynthesis, water purification by membrane technologies, and biodiesel production from wastewater plants. The authors not only describe the latest developments in polymer science, but also support these experimental results by computational chemistry and modelling studies.
Author : Charles M. Selwitz
Publisher : Getty Publications
ISBN 13 : 0892360984
Total Pages : 75 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (923 download)
Download or read book Cellulose Nitrate in Conservation written by Charles M. Selwitz and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 1988-04-01 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report attempts to isolate and separately examine each of the factors known to lead to cellulose nitrate decomposition, and then relate their contribution to the instability of the polymer when it is used as a bonding agent for ceramics and as a lacquer for metal objects. These factors include deterioration caused by heat, radiation, or acid impurities, or through the loss of plasticizer. There is, moreover, decomposition caused autocatalytically by the initial breakdown products. In particular, the publication examines new information on chemical changes under ambient conditions that has been developed recently through advances in analytical procedures such as chemiluminescence, X-ray scanning spectroscopy (ESCA), and more sophisticated viscometry. This new information will be added to the large body of data, collected over the past 150 years, on the instability of cellulose nitrate under more severe conditions.
Author : Sumie Yoshioka
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306468298
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Stability of Drugs and Dosage Forms written by Sumie Yoshioka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug products are complex mixtures of drugs and excipients and, as such, their chemical and physical stability kinetics are complex. This book discusses the stability of these dosage forms with preformulation studies through to the studies on the final products. The book is intended for graduate students, researchers and professionals in the field of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry.
Author : Norman S. Allen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470594160
Total Pages : 712 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (75 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry and Photophysics of Polymeric Materials written by Norman S. Allen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-03-18 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents the state of the technology, from fundamentals to new materials and applications Today's electronic devices, computers, solar cells, printing, imaging, copying, and recording technology, to name a few, all owe a debt to our growing understanding of the photophysics and photochemistry of polymeric materials. This book draws together, analyzes, and presents our current understanding of polymer photochemistry and photophysics. In addition to exploring materials, mechanisms, processes, and properties, the handbook also highlights the latest applications in the field and points to new developments on the horizon. Photochemistry and Photophysics of Polymer Materials is divided into seventeen chapters, including: Optical and luminescent properties and applications of metal complex-based polymers Photoinitiators for free radical polymerization reactions Photovoltaic polymer materials Photoimaging and lithographic processes in polymers Photostabilization of polymer materials Photodegradation processes in polymeric materials Each chapter, written by one or more leading experts and pioneers in the field, incorporates all the latest findings and developments as well as the authors' own personal insights and perspectives. References guide readers to the literature for further investigation of individual topics. Together, the contributions represent a series of major developments in the polymer world in which light and its energy have been put to valuable use. Not only does this reference capture our current state of knowledge, but it also provides the foundation for new research and the development of new materials and new applications.
Author : G. Pritchard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401158622
Total Pages : 650 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Plastics Additives written by G. Pritchard and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although plastics are extremely successful commercially, they would never reach acceptable performance standards either in properties or processing without the incorporation of additives. With the inclusion of additives, plastics can be used in a variety of areas competing directly with other materials, but there are still many challenges to overcome. Some additives are severely restricted by legislation, others interfere with each other-in short their effectiveness varies with circumstances. Plastics Additives explains these issues in an alphabetical format making them easily accessible to readers, enabling them to find specific information on a specific topic. Each additive is the subject of one or more articles, providing a suffinct account of each given topic. An international group of experts in additive and polymer science, from many world class companies and institutes, explain the recent rapid changes in additive technology. They cover novel additives (scorch inhibitors, compatibilizers, surface-modified particulates etc.), the established varieties (antioxidants, biocides, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, fillers, fibres, impact modifiers, plasticizers) and many others, the articles also consider environmental concerns, interactions between additives and legislative change. With a quick reference guide and introductory articles that provide the non-specialist and newcomer with relevant information, this reference book is essential reading for anyone concerned with plastics and additives.
Author : Aiguo Wu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527347240
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)
Download or read book TiO2 Nanoparticles written by Aiguo Wu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique book that summarizes the properties, toxicology, and biomedical applications of TiO2-based nanoparticles Nanotechnology is becoming increasingly important for products used in our daily lives. Nanometer-sized titanium dioxide (TiO2) are widely used in industry for different purposes, such as painting, sunscreen, printing, cosmetics, biomedicine, and so on. This book summarizes the advances of TiO2 based nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine, covering materials properties, toxicological research, and biomedical application, such as antibacter, biosensing, and cancer theranostics. It uniquely integrates the TiO2 applications from physical properties, toxicology to various biomedical applications, and includes black TiO2 based cancer theranostics. Beginning with a comprehensive introduction to the properties and applications of nanoparticles, TiO2 Nanoparticles: Applications in Nanobiotechnology, Theranostics and Nanomedicine offers chapters on: Toxicity of TiO2 Nanoparticles; Antibacterial Applications of TiO2 Nanoparticles; Surface Enhanced Raman Spectrum of TiO2 Nanoparticle for Biosensing (TiO2 Nanoparticle Served as SERS Sensing Substrate); TiO2 as Inorganic Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy; Cancer Theranostics of Black TiO2 Nanoparticles; and Neurodegenerative Disease Diagnostics and Therapy of TiO2-Based Nanoparticles. This title: Blends the physical properties, toxicology of TiO2 nanoparticles to the many biomedical applications Includes black TiO2 based cancer theranostics in its coverage Appeals to a broad audience of researchers in academia and industry working on nanomaterials-based biosensing, drug delivery, nanomedicine TiO2 Nanoparticles: Applications in Nanobiotechnology, Theranostics and Nanomedicine is an ideal book for medicinal chemists, analytical chemists, biochemists, materials scientists, toxicologists, and those in the pharmaceutical industry.
Author : Otilia M. Y. Koo
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118992423
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (189 download)
Download or read book Pharmaceutical Excipients written by Otilia M. Y. Koo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-03 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of excipients, their functionalities in pharmaceutical dosage forms, regulation, and selection for pharmaceutical products formulation. It includes development, characterization methodology, applications, and up-to-date advances through the perspectives of excipients developers, users, and regulatory experts. Covers the sources, characterization, and harmonization of excipients: essential information for optimal excipients selection in pharmaceutical development Describes the physico-chemical properties and biological effects of excipients Discusses chemical classes, safety and toxicity, and formulation Addresses recent efforts in the standardization and harmonization of excipients
Author : Satyen Saha
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1789237831
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Photochemistry and Photophysics written by Satyen Saha and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photochemistry and photophysics are as old as our planet Earth. Photosynthesis in plants and vision in our eyes are natural examples of their importance. This book entitled "Photochemistry and Photophysics - Fundamentals to Applications" presents various advanced topics that inherently utilize core concepts of photochemistry and photophysics. There are eleven chapters in this book, which are divided into four 'parts'. While the first and second parts contain chapters describing the fundamentals of photochemistry and photophysics, respectively, the third part is on computational photochemistry. The last part deals with applications of photochemistry and photophysics. The goal of this book is to familiarize both research scholars and postgraduate students with recent advances in this exciting field.
Author : Sabu Thomas
Publisher : William Andrew
ISBN 13 : 0323511341
Total Pages : 147 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (235 download)
Download or read book Recycling of Polyurethane Foams written by Sabu Thomas and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-06-06 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recycling of Polyurethane Foams introduces the main degradation/depolymerization processes and pathways of polyurethane foam materials, focusing on industrial case studies and academic reviews from recent research and development projects. The book can aid practitioners in understanding the basis of polymer degradation and its relationship with industrial processes, which can be of substantial value to industrial complexes the world over. The main pathways of polymer recycling via different routes and industrial schemes are detailed, covering all current techniques, including regrinding, rebinding, adhesive pressing and compression moulding of recovered PU materials that are then compared with depolymerization approaches. The book examines life cycle assessment and cost analysis associated with polyurethane foams waste management, showing the potential of various techniques. This book will help academics and researchers identify and improve on current depolymerization processes, and it will help industry sustainability professionals choose the appropriate approach for their own waste management systems, thus minimizing the costs and environmental impact of their PU-based end products. - Offers a comprehensive review of all polyurethane foam recycling processes, including both chemical and mechanical approaches - Assesses the potential of each recycling process - Helps industry-based practitioners decide which approach to take to minimize the cost and environmental impact of their end product - Enables academics and researchers to identify and improve upon current processes of degradation and depolymerization
