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Phosphate Recovery From Waste Water Treatment Plant By Commercial Ion Exchangers
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Book Synopsis Phosphate Recovery from Waste Water Treatment Plant by Commercial Ion Exchangers by : Xialei You Chen
Download or read book Phosphate Recovery from Waste Water Treatment Plant by Commercial Ion Exchangers written by Xialei You Chen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last years were performed a huge number of research related to phosphorus removal and recovery from waste water in order to reuse this element and also to avoid eutrophication. Among the different techniques studied, adsorption is nowadays one of the most interesting alternatives. The aim of this project is to characterize the overall adsorption performance of two commercial ion exchangers, the resin Lewatit FO36 and the fibre Fiban-As (FAs), both prepared for arsenic selective adsorption but, due to their chemical similarity, can be also used for phosphate adsorption. Equilibrium and kinetics studies were performed through the batch experiments and the dynamic studies were carried out by the fixed-bed column experiments. The experimental study covered from the most simple monocomponent synthetic water (phosphate) to the complex real water from waste water treatment plant (WWTP). Equilibrium experimental data was well described by Langmuir isotherm and reported sorption capacities between 89 and 163 mg/g and the effect of interfering anions on sorption capacity was evaluated through factorial experiments concluding that both sorbents are highly selective to phosphate compared with bicarbonate, sulphate, nitrate and chloride. Furthermore, the sorption kinetic for both sorbents is controlled by the particle diffusion stage and follows a pseudo second order reaction model. The efficiency in the phosphate removal was described by Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Bed Time Service Time model reporting capacities between 31 and 5 mg/g. Finally, the adsorbate regeneration efficiency was evaluated by five sorption cycles obtaining good results in the case of the fibre Fiban-As and a decrease of more than 60% of phosphate adsorption capacity in the first regeneration for resin FO36.
Book Synopsis Nutrient Recovery from Waste Water Treatment Plant by Sorption Processes : Technical and Economic Analysis by : Xialei You Chen
Download or read book Nutrient Recovery from Waste Water Treatment Plant by Sorption Processes : Technical and Economic Analysis written by Xialei You Chen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last years has been performed a huge number of research related to nutrients (mainly N and P) recovery from waste water in order to promote their reuse and also to avoid eutrophication. Recovering nutrient from waste water can promote the circular economy, minimize the environmental footprint of waste water treatment and reduce anthropogenic alteration of nitrogen and phosphorus natural cycle. Among the different techniques studied, sorption is nowadays one of the most interesting alternatives as requires less energy than electrochemical or membrane technologies and sorbents can be regenerated for being reused. Thus, the overall sorption performance of different ion exchangers was characterized for nutrient recovery from waste water treatment plant effluents. Two commercial polymeric resins doped with Hydrated Ferrous Oxide (HFO) (Lewatit FO36 and Fiban-As) were assessed for ammonium and phosphate uptake from waste water streams. Equilibrium and kinetics studies have been performed through batch experiments and the dynamic studies were carried out by fixed-bed column. The experimental study covered from the simplest monocomponent synthetic water (ammonium, phosphate solutions) to the most complex real water from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) which contains ions, TSS and organic matter. Sorption experiments reported for both sorbents high selectivity towards phosphate ions as sorption capacity did not significantly decrease in presence of competing ions. Loaded sorbents were regenerated through alkaline and acid desorption in order to reuse resin and obtain a high concentrated phosphate solution, which could be used for high quality fertilizer production. Results in dynamic flow experiments reported up to 80% of loaded phosphate extraction, although during desorption process was observed sorption capacity decrease up to 30% after three sorption-desorption working cycles. Besides, salt modified synthetic zeolites were assessed for being used both as one charge (di-valent forms) and reusable (mono-valent forms) sorbent. Raw zeolites provided in sodium form as well as it modification in potassium form showed high sorption capacity for ammonium uptake but poor performance for phosphate recovery from waste water streams as the sorption mechanism is mainly ion exchange. Regeneration experiments showed that both Ze-Na and Ze-K can be reused several sorption-desorption working cycles without significant sorption capacity decrease (
Book Synopsis Phosphate Removal from Wastewater Using Slag and Ion Exchange Resins by : Thi Hoang Yen Nguyen
Download or read book Phosphate Removal from Wastewater Using Slag and Ion Exchange Resins written by Thi Hoang Yen Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wastewater treatment is an imperative requirement in order to meet effluent quality standards before wastewater can be discharged directly into the rivers, streams and the ocean. Together with the rapid development of industry and society, large volumes of wastewater with hundreds of toxins and impurities, if not treated properly, can severely affect humans and environmental health through different manners such as drinking water contamination and habitat degradation. In particular, the excessive presence of phosphate in water encourages the growth of algae that then leads to eutrophication. Thus, wastewater treatment systems, including phosphate removal, are considered to be a princiapl tool to reduce the negative effects of wastewater. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate (i) the capabilities of two commercial ion exchange resins - Purolite A860S, Dowex 21K XLT and a low cost absorbent - steel furnace slag (SFS) on phosphate removal, and (ii) the effect of modification of these materials on phosphate removal capacities. In this study, two modified materials, Dowex 21K XLT_Cu and modified steel furnace slag (M-SFS) were developed from original Dowex 21K XLT and steel furnace slag respectively.
Book Synopsis Phosphorus Removal and Recovery from Wastewater Using Sorbent Technologies by : Holly Erin Gray
Download or read book Phosphorus Removal and Recovery from Wastewater Using Sorbent Technologies written by Holly Erin Gray and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient in fertilizers that are necessary for food production. Wastewater may represent a renewable source of nutrients if methods for recovering P from dilute wastewater streams can be developed. Adsorption, a low cost and efficient process, has the potential to recover P from wastewater as it can transfer contaminants from the liquid to the solid phase for easy separation. This study evaluated fourteen commercial sorbents for potential phosphorus recovery from synthetic wastewater (SWW) using batch testing. Commercially available sorbents (e.g. ion exchange resins (IEX), granular ferric oxide, hybrid IEX and activated alumina) were obtained from several companies and tested for phosphate removal in a 48-hour adsorption test. Seven of the sorbents exhibited substantial phosphate removal were then tested for recovery using acidic (HCl), basic (NaOH), salt (NaCl) and basic salt (NaOH + NaCl) desorption solutions. Sorbents were evaluated with respect to P recovery from the SWW. An IEX sorbent was found to recover the largest fraction at 23 % P from the SWW; while all other sorbents recovered less than 20 % P from the synthetic wastewater. The three top performing sorbents from batch testing were chosen for column testing to investigate their potential for P adsorption and recovery with a specific target of generating a concentrated chemical desorption effluent. Sorbents included two metal oxide sorbents (granular ferric hydroxide and activated alumina) as well as an ion exchange (IEX) resin. After the sorbents were tested for P removal in column tests, chemical desorption solutions were utilized to recover P from the spent sorbents. Recovery from metal oxide sorbents was conducted using basic (NaOH) and acidic (HCl) solutions while recovery from IEX sorbent used salt (NaCl) and basic salt (NaOH + NaCl) solutions in addition to acidic and basic treatments. Sorbents were evaluated on the basis of P adsorption as well as recovery from the sorbent and the initial synthetic wastewater (SWW) stream. The IEX sorbent demonstrated the highest removal of 64 % P from the SWW, while the metal oxide sorbents adsorbed between 23 and 43 % P. Desorption using NaOH was most effective for metal oxide sorbents, which were found to recover 39 % P (granular ferric hydroxide) and 21 % P (activated alumina) from the initial SWW. Sorbent C recovered the largest quantity of P (61%) from SWW with the use of NaCl. Due to its good performance, sorbent C was used to recover P from two wastewater samples. Using NaCl, sorbent C recovered 47 and 15 % of P from secondary and final effluent samples. In addition to a shift in wastewater treatment to P recovery, wastewater treatment is also focusing on producing effluent that meets ultra-low effluent P discharge limits. In order to achieve this goal, non-reactive phosphorus (nRP) must be removed; nRP contains condensed phosphates and organic phosphorus (OP) species that are recalcitrant in secondary wastewater treatment and tend to remain in final effluents. An advanced oxidation process (AOP) which couples TiO2/UV photolysis with ultrafiltration (UF) to oxidize and remove nRP species was tested. Tests utilizing a mixture of two OP model compounds were conducted to determine the effect of TiO2/UV photolysis on the model compound removal and to elucidate the mechanisms of phosphorus removal; nRP was removed through adsorption and UV irradiation. The AOP was also tested for P removal from three municipal wastewaters and one automotive industry effluent. In all cases, phosphorus removal was found to occur through filtration, surface complexation onto the TiO2 and UV oxidation. Total phosphorus removal efficiencies between 90-97 % were observed for the municipal wastewater effluents and 44 % removal was observed in the industrial effluent after treatment using AOP. Conversion of nRP to reactive P (RP) was evident during TiO2/UV treatment of samples that had high concentrations of nRP; the total amount of phosphate liberated was not quantified due to phosphate binding to TiO2. In summary, the AOP effectively oxidized nRP to RP, achieving a high level P removal in real wastewater effluents and retaining P on the TiO2 solids. Investigations into P recovery by TiO2 nanoparticles revealed that adsorption of P onto TiO2 was due to a combination of inner sphere complex formation and calcium bridging. Precipitation of calcium phosphate was observed at pH values above 10. Recovery of P from TiO2 after concentrating of the TiO2 solids and application of a chemical desorption solution was assessed. Recovery with an NaOH desorption solution was minimal due to calcium phosphate precipitation while recovery using HCl was limited, releasing only 2 % of adsorbed P. Recovery from TiO2 nanoparticles loaded with calcium phosphate precipitates was also investigated. A recovery of 35 % P was observed from TiO2 solids via the dissolution of the precipitates.
Book Synopsis Ion Exchange Technology by : F. C. Nachod
Download or read book Ion Exchange Technology written by F. C. Nachod and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion Exchange Technology serves both as a reference and as a text book for technologists and engineers. While the present book is based mainly on ion exchange as practiced in the United States, the object was to produce a generally useful book which would deal with the fundamental problems, techniques, and operations of ion exchange such as mass transfer, equipment design, properties of ion exchange resins, and deionization. Also include are chapters on two types of applications—those that are used industrially on a large scale, and those which have not yet reached large-scale use but have impressive potentialities. In both the fundamental and applied chapters it was deemed necessary that the successful aspects of ion exchange operation be included. In addition, it was equally important to describe the problems and the inherent complexities encountered in the setting up of an ion exchange process. Wherever possible the economic factors were described realistically.
Book Synopsis Ultimate Disposal of Phosphate from Waste Water by Recovery as Fertilizer by : W.R. Grace & Co. Dearborn Chemical Division
Download or read book Ultimate Disposal of Phosphate from Waste Water by Recovery as Fertilizer written by W.R. Grace & Co. Dearborn Chemical Division and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Selective Removal and Recovery of Phosphate from Municipal Wastewater by : Arka Pandit
Download or read book Selective Removal and Recovery of Phosphate from Municipal Wastewater written by Arka Pandit and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eutrophication of global water bodies, primarily due to influx of nitrogen and phosphorus in the waterways has been a concern over the past few decades. Phosphorus being the rate-limiting nutrient in freshwater ecosystems, its discharge by wastewater treatment facilities are being increasingly limited. However, current physicochemical and biological treatment methods suffer from the drawbacks of excessive sludge production, high operating costs and inability to attain complete nutrient removal due to thermodynamic and kinetic limitations. On the other hand, the global reserve of phosphate rock is depleting fast and is expected to be exhausted within the next 300 years. This book provides a novel physiochemical approach to selectively remove and recover phosphate from municipal wastewater utilizing a modified anion exchanger. Theoretical explanation of the procedure along with experimental validation is provided in detail, which should be especially useful to the wastewater agencies and professionals to meet these stringent requirements, as well as for academics interested in the area of selective ion exchangers.
Book Synopsis Phosphorus: Polluter and Resource of the Future by : Christian Schaum
Download or read book Phosphorus: Polluter and Resource of the Future written by Christian Schaum and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book provides an up-to-date and international approach that addresses the Motivations, Technologies and Assessment of the Elimination and Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater. This book is part of the Integrated Environmental Technology Series.
Book Synopsis Ion Exchange in Environmental Processes by : Arup K. SenGupta
Download or read book Ion Exchange in Environmental Processes written by Arup K. SenGupta and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive introduction to ion exchange for beginners and in-depth coverage of the latest advances for those already in the field As environmental and energy related regulations have grown, ion exchange has assumed a dominant role in offering solutions to many concurrent problems both in the developed and the developing world. Written by an internationally acknowledged leader in ion exchange research and innovation, Ion Exchange: in Environmental Processes is both a comprehensive introduction to the science behind ion exchange and an expert assessment of the latest ion exchange technologies. Its purpose is to provide a valuable reference and learning tool for virtually anyone working in ion exchange or interested in becoming involved in that incredibly fertile field. Written for beginners as well as those already working the in the field, Dr. SenGupta provides stepwise coverage, advancing from ion exchange fundamentals to trace ion exchange through the emerging area of hybrid ion exchange nanotechnology (or polymeric/inorganic ion exchangers). Other topics covered include ion exchange kinetics, sorption and desorption of metals and ligands, solid-phase and gas-phase ion exchange, and more. Connects state-of-the-art innovations in such a way as to help researchers and process scientists get a clear picture of how ion exchange fundamentals can lead to new applications Covers the design of selective or smart ion exchangers for targeted applications—an area of increasing importance—including solid and gas phase ion exchange processes Provides in-depth discussion on intraparticle diffusion controlled kinetics for selective ion exchange Features a chapter devoted to exciting developments in the areas of hybrid ion exchange nanotechnology or polymeric/inorganic ion exchangers Written for those just entering the field of ion exchange as well as those involved in developing the “next big thing” in ion exchange systems, Ion Exchange in Environmental Processes is a valuable resource for students, process engineers, and chemists working in an array of industries, including mining, microelectronics, pharmaceuticals, energy, and wastewater treatment, to name just a few.
Book Synopsis Selected References on Phosphorus Removal by : B. P. LeClair
Download or read book Selected References on Phosphorus Removal written by B. P. LeClair and published by ottawa : water pollution control directorate. This book was released on 1973 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Profitable Phosphate Recovery from Secondary Sewage Waste Effluent by Reciprocating Flow Ion Exchange : a Report on Process and Economics by : Hummel, R. L
Download or read book Profitable Phosphate Recovery from Secondary Sewage Waste Effluent by Reciprocating Flow Ion Exchange : a Report on Process and Economics written by Hummel, R. L and published by . This book was released on 1970* with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Calcium Phosphate Precipitation in Wastewater Treatment by : Arnold B. Menar
Download or read book Calcium Phosphate Precipitation in Wastewater Treatment written by Arnold B. Menar and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigations on the Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater by Crystallization by : Laura Pastor
Download or read book Investigations on the Recovery of Phosphorus from Wastewater by Crystallization written by Laura Pastor and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2006-06-27 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, due to expanding populations and industries, regulatory authorities have imposed tighter discharge limits on nutrients from wastewater treatment facilities to avoid eutrophication in water streams. Common methods, such as metal salt precipitation, are being used to lower phosphorus concentrations which are a main contribution. However, alternate phosphorus removal techniques, such as phosphorus crystallisation, can provide further benefits. Precipitated solid can be utilised as a marketable fertiliser. Principles of magnesium and ammonia phosphate precipitation, working with a synthetic wastewater and a supernatant coming from dewatering an anaerobic digested sludge, are studied in this work. NOTE: This thesis is in Spanish.
Book Synopsis Phosphate Study at the Baltimore Back River Wastewater Treatment Plant by : Baltimore (Md.)
Download or read book Phosphate Study at the Baltimore Back River Wastewater Treatment Plant written by Baltimore (Md.) and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phosphorus Removal and Recovery from Wastewater Via Nano-enhanced Adsorptive Media by : Miles Ownby
Download or read book Phosphorus Removal and Recovery from Wastewater Via Nano-enhanced Adsorptive Media written by Miles Ownby and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid increases in the world’s population and to-date industrial and agricultural practices have exacerbated the depletion of essential nutrients in today’s society. After years of environmentally lax agricultural and mining processes, society finds itself trapped between increasing nutrient shortage and the increased frequency of harmful algal blooms (HABs) caused by phosphorus leaching into water systems. New technologies that allow for removal and subsequent recovery and reuse of phosphorus from polluted streams is imperative. One such technology is nanoenhanced adsorption, which may allow to produce a valuable nutrient-rich solution upon desorption of the saturated media. This study evaluated the potential of four regeneration chemistries to desorb phosphorus from a commercially available ion exchange resin hybridized with iron-oxide nanoparticles using a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach. Novel regeneration solutions using a KOH/K2SO4 blend and a recovered NH4OH alkaline solution proved to be comparable to the "control" solution of KOH and H2SO4. Among the four regeneration methods studied, using the NH4OH solution shows the highest potential because: i) it is a valorized waste stream, ii) it showed a desorption efficiency comparable to the control solution, and iii) it did not demonstrate any dampening of the resin longevity after five adsorption and desorption cycles. Based on the DoE data, a series of regression models was developed to generate understanding with regard to expected phosphorus concentration from a regeneration process considering the regeneration chemistry, the treatment volume, the rinse speed, and the strength of the alkaline solution. Nutrient-rich regeneration solutions post-desorption show promising for subsequent use as hydroponic fertilizers or precursors for the P fertilizer industry. Future work should include the development of mechanistic process models to gain an even better understanding of the mechanics behind the desorption. Overall, the nano-enhanced adsorptive technology proposes a cost-effective and sustainable solution to the phosphorus problem in wastewater treatment applications across the globe.
Book Synopsis Feasibility of Liquid Ion Exchange for Extracting Phosphate from Wastewater by : LeRoy Ditsch
Download or read book Feasibility of Liquid Ion Exchange for Extracting Phosphate from Wastewater written by LeRoy Ditsch and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis EFFECTIVE PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY by : Hanlu Yan
Download or read book EFFECTIVE PHOSPHORUS RECOVERY written by Hanlu Yan and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Effective Phosphorus Recovery From Wastewater by Integrating Adsorption and Crystallization Techniques" by Hanlu, Yan, 嚴晗璐, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled Effective Phosphorus Recovery from Wastewater by Integrating Adsorption and Crystallization Techniques Submitted by YAN HANLU For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in September 2016 Recycling phosphorus (P) from wastewater is attracting increasing attention due to the global P scarcity crisis as well as the possible eutrophication caused by excess P discharge. Both adsorption and crystallization are considered as promising P recovery techniques based on their efficient P capture capabilities and high potential of transferring obtained products into P fertilizers. This study aims to explore a hybrid route by combining adsorption and crystallization methods to effectively recycle P from different wastewater sources. Batch experiments were conducted to investigate the phosphate sorption behavior onto red mud, modified agriculture wastes and layered double hydroxides (LDHs). LDH-type adsorbents showed excellent P capture performance, and the highest P sorption capacity was obtained by MgAl-LDH (hydrotalcite) calcined at 300 C. Besides, the adsorption kinetics and isotherms of phosphate onto LDH-type adsorbents modified with different treatments were determined and analyzed with associated models. However, P desorption from hydrotalcite showed limited P releasing efficiency and significant structure alteration of adsorbent. It was found that utilizing ammonia solution to desorb P-loaded LDH could result in the crystallization of struvite (MgNH PO6H O) which is widely recognized as a P slow-releasing 4 4 2 fertilizer. In solutions with sufficient ammonium ions, struvite has a higher precipitation tendency than LDHs. Hence, this study proposed to transform P-loaded LDH into a struvite-like fertilizer which can be directly applied in agriculture. To better understand the crystallization process of struvite, the influences of calcium and iron ions on struvite precipitation were quantitatively evaluated based on the analysis of X-ray diffraction data with the assist of other characterization techniques. Both calcium and iron cations show significant inhibiting effects on struvite formation. The anaerobic digestion of chemically enhanced primary sludge might result in iron-phosphorus rich sludge liquors. LDH and anion exchange resins were employed to extract P from this type of solution. The effects of possible operational parameters on P removal ratios, including adsorbent dosage, solution temperature, pH and organic matter content, were systematically investigated. Finally, the spent LDH adsorbent together with sodium borosilicate glass was found to be a potential candidate to be beneficially utilized as matrix material to stabilize hazardous waste, such as nuclear waste. Furthermore, two types of leaching tests were carried out to assess the chemical durability of the selected matrix. Subjects: Sewage - Purification - Adsorption Sewage - Purification - Phosphate removal
