Philosophical Delusion And Its Therapy

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Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy

Author : Eugen Fischer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134322240
Total Pages : 565 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy by : Eugen Fischer

Download or read book Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy written by Eugen Fischer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-01-25 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy provides new foundations and methods for the revolutionary project of philosophical therapy pioneered by Ludwig Wittgenstein. The book vindicates this currently much-discussed project by reconstructing the genesis of important philosophical problems: With the help of concepts adapted from cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology, the book analyses how philosophical reflection is shaped by pictures and metaphors we are not aware of employing and are prone to misapply. Through innovative case-studies on the genesis of classical problems about the mind and perception, and on thinkers including Locke, Berkeley and Ayer, the book demonstrates how such autonomous habits of thought systematically generate unsound intuitions and philosophical delusions, whose clash with reality, or among each other, gives rise to ill-motivated but maddening problems. The book re-examines models of therapeutic philosophy, due to Wittgenstein and J. L. Austin, and develops an approach that may let us overcome philosophical delusions and the problems they engender. In this way, the book explains where and why therapy in called for in philosophy, and develops techniques to carry it out.

Philosophical Delusion and Its Therapy

Author : Eugen Fischer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134322259
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical Delusion and Its Therapy by : Eugen Fischer

Download or read book Philosophical Delusion and Its Therapy written by Eugen Fischer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-01-25 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical Delusion and its Therapy provides new foundations and methods for the revolutionary project of philosophical therapy pioneered by Ludwig Wittgenstein. With the help of concepts adapted from cognitive linguistics and cognitive psychology, the book analyses how philosophical reflection is shaped by pictures and metaphors we are not aware of employing and are prone to misapply. Through innovative case-studies on the genesis of classical problems about the mind and perception, and on thinkers including Locke, Berkeley and Ayer, the book demonstrates how such autonomous habits of thought systematically generate unsound intuitions and philosophical delusions.

Philosophy of Psychedelics

Author : Chris Letheby
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192581090
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy of Psychedelics by : Chris Letheby

Download or read book Philosophy of Psychedelics written by Chris Letheby and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-05 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent clinical trials show that psychedelics such as LSD and psilocybin can be given safely in controlled conditions, and can cause lasting psychological benefits with one or two administrations. Supervised psychedelic sessions can reduce symptoms of anxiety, depression, and addiction, and improve well-being in healthy volunteers, for months or even years. But these benefits seem to be mediated by "mystical" experiences of cosmic consciousness, which prompts a philosophical concern: do psychedelics cause psychological benefits by inducing false or implausible beliefs about the metaphysical nature of reality? This book is the first scholarly monograph in English devoted to the philosophical analysis of psychedelic drugs. Its central focus is the apparent conflict between the growing use of psychedelics in psychiatry and the philosophical worldview of naturalism. Within the book, Letheby integrates empirical evidence and philosophical considerations in the service of a simple conclusion: this "Comforting Delusion Objection" to psychedelic therapy fails. While exotic metaphysical ideas do sometimes come up, they are not, on closer inspection, the central driver of change in psychedelic therapy. Psychedelics lead to lasting benefits by altering the sense of self, and changing how people relate to their own minds and lives-not by changing their beliefs about the ultimate nature of reality. The upshot is that a traditional conception of psychedelics as agents of insight and spirituality can be reconciled with naturalism (the philosophical position that the natural world is all there is). Controlled psychedelic use can lead to genuine forms of knowledge gain and spiritual growth-even if no Cosmic Consciousness or transcendent divine Reality exists. Philosophy of Psychedelics is an indispensable guide to the literature for researchers already engaged in the field of psychedelic psychiatry, and for researchers-especially philosophers-who want to become acquainted with this increasingly topical field.

A Philosophy of Madness

Author : Wouter Kusters
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262044285
Total Pages : 769 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis A Philosophy of Madness by : Wouter Kusters

Download or read book A Philosophy of Madness written by Wouter Kusters and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 769 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The philosophy of psychosis and the psychosis of philosophy: a philosopher draws on his experience of madness. In this book, philosopher and linguist Wouter Kusters examines the philosophy of psychosis—and the psychosis of philosophy. By analyzing the experience of psychosis in philosophical terms, Kusters not only emancipates the experience of the psychotic from medical classification, he also emancipates the philosopher from the narrowness of textbooks and academia, allowing philosophers to engage in real-life praxis, philosophy in vivo. Philosophy and madness—Kusters's preferred, non-medicalized term—coexist, one mirroring the other. Kusters draws on his own experience of madness—two episodes of psychosis, twenty years apart—as well as other first-person narratives of psychosis. Speculating about the maddening effect of certain words and thought, he argues, and demonstrates, that the steady flow of philosophical deliberation may sweep one into a full-blown acute psychotic episode. Indeed, a certain kind of philosophizing may result in confusion, paradoxes, unworldly insights, and circular frozenness reminiscent of madness. Psychosis presents itself to the psychotic as an inescapable truth and reality. Kusters evokes the mad person's philosophical or existential amazement at reality, thinking, time, and space, drawing on classic autobiographical accounts of psychoses by Antonin Artaud, Daniel Schreber, and others, as well as the work of phenomenological psychiatrists and psychologists and such phenomenologists as Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty. He considers the philosophical mystic and the mystical philosopher, tracing the mad undercurrent in the Husserlian philosophy of time; visits the cloud castles of mystical madness, encountering LSD devotees, philosophers, theologians, and nihilists; and, falling to earth, finds anxiety, emptiness, delusions, and hallucinations. Madness and philosophy proceed and converge toward a single vanishing point.

Wittgenstein at Work

Author : Erich Ammereller
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113437495X
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Wittgenstein at Work by : Erich Ammereller

Download or read book Wittgenstein at Work written by Erich Ammereller and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-07-31 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The later Wittgenstein is notoriously hard to understand. His novel philosophical approach is the key to understanding his perplexing work. This volume assembles leading Wittgenstein scholars to come to grips with its least well understood aspect: the unfamiliar aims and method that shape Wittgenstein's approach. Wittgenstein at Work investigates Wittgenstein's aims, rationale and method in two steps. The first seven chapters analyze how he proceeds in core parts of the Philosophical Investigations: the discussion of the Augustinian picture of language, ostensive definition, philosophical method, understanding, rule-following, and private language. The final five chapters examine his most striking methodological remarks: his repudiation of theory and non-trivial theses, and some core notions of his methodology: his notions of clarification, synoptic representation, nonsense, and philosophical pictures. The volume considerably advances discussion of the therapeutic aspects of his approach that are currently a focus of debate. This volume is an indispensable methodological companion to the Philosophical Investigations, useful to both specialists and students alike.

The Later Wittgenstein and Moral Philosophy

Author : Benjamin De Mesel
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319976192
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis The Later Wittgenstein and Moral Philosophy by : Benjamin De Mesel

Download or read book The Later Wittgenstein and Moral Philosophy written by Benjamin De Mesel and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-07 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows that Ludwig Wittgenstein’s later philosophical methods can be fruitfully applied to several problems in contemporary moral philosophy. The author considers Wittgenstein’s ethical views and addresses such topics as meta-ethics, objectivity in ethics and moral perception. Readers will gain an insight into how Wittgenstein thought about philosophical problems and a new way of looking at moral questions. The book consists of three parts. In the first part, Wittgenstein’s later philosophical methods are discussed, including his comparison of philosophical methods to therapies. The book then goes on to explore how these methods give insight into Wittgenstein’s ethical views. Readers will see how these are better understood when read in the light of his later philosophical thought. In the third part, Wittgenstein’s later methods are applied to problems in contemporary moral philosophy, including a look at questions for moral advice. The author reviews and criticizes some of the secondary literature on Wittgenstein’s later philosophical methods and indicates how the topic of the book can be developed in future research. There is something of value for readers of all levels in this insightful and well written volume. It will particularly appeal to scholars and students of Wittgenstein, of philosophy, and of ethics.

The Philosophy of J. L. Austin

Author : Martin Gustafsson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199219753
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of J. L. Austin by : Martin Gustafsson

Download or read book The Philosophy of J. L. Austin written by Martin Gustafsson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2011-12 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first major study of J. L. Austin's philosophy in decades. Leading philosophers show the relevance of his work to current debates including scepticism and contextualism, the epistemology of testimony, and the semantics/pragmatics distinction. They demonstrate why Austin's work is of continuing value and interest to philosophers today

The Compact Compendium of Experimental Philosophy

Author : Alexander Max Bauer
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110716933
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Compact Compendium of Experimental Philosophy by : Alexander Max Bauer

Download or read book The Compact Compendium of Experimental Philosophy written by Alexander Max Bauer and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-11-20 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relatively new movement of Experimental Philosophy applies different systematic experimental methods to further illuminate classical philosophical issues. This book brings together experts from the field to give the reader a compact yet extensive overview, offering a ready at hand introduction to the state of the art.

Wittgenstein and Naturalism

Author : Kevin M. Cahill
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315301571
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis Wittgenstein and Naturalism by : Kevin M. Cahill

Download or read book Wittgenstein and Naturalism written by Kevin M. Cahill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wittgenstein was centrally concerned with the puzzling nature of the mind, mathematics, morality and modality. He also developed innovative views about the status and methodology of philosophy and was explicitly opposed to crudely "scientistic" worldviews. His later thought has thus often been understood as elaborating a nuanced form of naturalism appealing to such notions as "form of life", "primitive reactions", "natural history", "general facts of nature" and "common behaviour of mankind". And yet, Wittgenstein is strangely absent from much of the contemporary literature on naturalism and naturalising projects. This is the first collection of essays to focus explicitly on the relationship between Wittgenstein and naturalism. The volume is divided into four sections, each of which addresses a different aspect of naturalism and its relation to Wittgenstein's thought. The first section considers how naturalism could or should be understood. The second section deals with some of the main problematic domains—consciousness, meaning, mathematics—that philosophers have typically sought to naturalise. The third section explores ways in which the conceptual nature of human life might be continuous in important respects with animals. The final section is concerned with the naturalistic status and methodology of philosophy itself. This book thus casts a fresh light on many classical philosophical issues and brings Wittgensteinian ideas to bear on a number of current debates-for example experimental philosophy, neo-pragmatism and animal cognition/ethics-in which naturalism is playing a central role.

Wittgenstein on Logic as the Method of Philosophy

Author : Oskari Kuusela
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192565311
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Wittgenstein on Logic as the Method of Philosophy by : Oskari Kuusela

Download or read book Wittgenstein on Logic as the Method of Philosophy written by Oskari Kuusela and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-03 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Wittgenstein on Logic as the Method of Philosophy, Oskari Kuusela examines Wittgenstein's early and late philosophies of logic, situating their philosophical significance in early and middle analytic philosophy with particular reference to Frege, Russell, Carnap, and Strawson. He argues that not only the early but also the later Wittgenstein sought to further develop the logical-philosophical approaches of his contemporaries. Throughout his career Wittgenstein's aim was to resolve problems with and address the limitations of Frege's and Russell's accounts of logic and their logical methodologies so as to achieve the philosophical progress that originally motivated the logical-philosophical approach. By re-examining the roots and development of analytic philosophy, Kuusela seeks to open up covered up paths for the further development of analytic philosophy. Offering a novel interpretation of the philosopher, he explains how Wittgenstein extends logical methodology beyond calculus-based logical methods and how his novel account of the status of logic enables one to do justice to the complexity and richness of language use and thought while retaining rigour and ideals of logic such as simplicity and exactness. In addition, this volume outlines the new kind of non-empiricist naturalism developed in Wittgenstein's later work and explaining how his account of logic can be used to dissolve the long-standing methodological dispute between the ideal and ordinary language schools of analytic philosophy. It is of interest to scholars, researchers, and advance students of philosophy interested in engaging with a number of scholarly debates.

How to do Philosophy

Author : Graham McFee
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443884278
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis How to do Philosophy by : Graham McFee

Download or read book How to do Philosophy written by Graham McFee and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why should the philosophical achievement of Ludwig Wittgenstein be taken seriously in the twenty-first century? This text answers this question by elaborating the distinctive therapeutic conception of philosophy defended in Wittgenstein’s later work, typified by Philosophical Investigations. Here, Wittgenstein’s highly contextual, problem-specific and person-specific conception of the philosophical project is clarified with reference to his own writings. In so doing, this text challenges contemporary failures to properly acknowledge all publications from those writings as posthumous, Nachlass (Legacy), or to treat judiciously the material published from that Legacy. Explicitly following Gordon Baker’s last essays (Wittgenstein’s Method: Neglected Aspects, 2004), and drawing on biographical sources as well as scholarly ones, the text addresses Wittgenstein’s published oeuvre. Importantly, this exposition gives weight to the Big Typescript (2005) and Voices of Wittgenstein (2003), as two “projected works” attempting to present Wittgenstein’s philosophical agenda. Further, Wittgenstein’s very last writings are argued here to constitute a single, broadly unified project, rebutting the suggestion of a “third Wittgenstein”. Moreover, the book sketches philosophical discussions conducted in line with Wittgenstein’s own conception of philosophy’s project to continue chains of examples of the kind he used in exposition of it.

Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Wittgenstein and On Certainty

Author : Andy Hamilton
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317676378
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Wittgenstein and On Certainty by : Andy Hamilton

Download or read book Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Wittgenstein and On Certainty written by Andy Hamilton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-10-17 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ludwig Wittgenstein is arguably the most important philosopher of the twentieth century. In On Certainty he discusses central issues in epistemology, including the nature of knowledge and scepticism. The Routledge Philosophy Guidebook to Wittgenstein and On Certainty introduces and assesses: Wittgenstein's career and the background to his later philosophy the central ideas and text of On Certainty, including its responses to G.E. Moore and discussion of fundamental issues in the theory of knowledge Wittgenstein's continuing importance in contemporary philosophy. This GuideBook is essential reading for all students of Wittgenstein, and for those studying epistemology and philosophy of language. On Certainty, Wittgenstein's final work, addresses a category of "world-picture" propositions discovered by G.E. Moore. These challenge Wittgenstein's enduring commitment to a well-defined category of empirical propositions, and help to generate a critique of scepticism. Developing Wittgenstein's view that scepticism is self-undermining, the Guidebook offers a combative yet therapeutic interpretation that locates On Certainty between the standpoints of Kant and Hume.

Philosophy and Psychiatry

Author : Daniel D. Moseley
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131742199X
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophy and Psychiatry by : Daniel D. Moseley

Download or read book Philosophy and Psychiatry written by Daniel D. Moseley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking volume of original essays presents fresh avenues of inquiry at the intersection of philosophy and psychiatry. Contributors draw from a variety of fields, including evolutionary psychiatry, phenomenology, biopsychosocial models, psychoanalysis, neuroscience, neuroethics, behavioral economics, and virtue theory. Philosophy and Psychiatry’s unique structure consists of two parts: in the first, philosophers write five lead essays with replies from psychiatrists. In the second part, this arrangement is reversed. The result is an interdisciplinary exchange that allows for direct discourse, and a volume at the forefront of defining an emerging discipline. Philosophy and Psychiatry will be of interest to professionals in philosophy and psychiatry, as well as mental health researchers and clinicians.

Lectures on a Philosophy Less Ordinary

Author : Niklas Forsberg
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000468534
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Lectures on a Philosophy Less Ordinary by : Niklas Forsberg

Download or read book Lectures on a Philosophy Less Ordinary written by Niklas Forsberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-10-24 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive reinterpretation of J.L. Austin’s philosophy. It opens new ways of thinking about ethics and other contemporary issues in the wake of Austin’s philosophical work. Austin is primarily viewed as a philosopher of language whose work focused on the pragmatic aspects of speech. His work on ordinary language philosophy and speech act theory is seen as his main contribution to philosophy. This book challenges this received view to show that Austin used his most well-known theoretical notions as heuristic tools aimed at debunking the fact/value dichotomy. Additionally, it demonstrates that Austin’s continual returns to the ordinary is rooted in a desire to show that our lives in language are complicated and multifaceted. What emerges is an attempt to think with Austin about problems that are central to philosophy today—such as the question about linguistic inheritance, truth, the relationship between a language inherited and morality, and how we are to cope with linguistic elasticity and historicity. Lectures on a Philosophy Less Ordinary will appeal to scholars and advanced students working on Austin’s philosophy, philosophy of language, and the history of analytic philosophy.

The Pittsburgh School of Philosophy

Author : Chauncey Maher
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113622310X
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pittsburgh School of Philosophy by : Chauncey Maher

Download or read book The Pittsburgh School of Philosophy written by Chauncey Maher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume, Maher contextualizes the work of a group of contemporary analytic philosophers—The Pittsburgh School—whose work is characterized by an interest in the history of philosophy and a commitment to normative functionalism, or the insight that to identify something as a manifestation of conceptual capacities is to place it in a space of norms. Wilfrid Sellars claimed that humans are distinctive because they occupy a norm-governed "space of reasons." Along with Sellars, Robert Brandom and John McDowell have tried to work out the implications of that idea for understanding knowledge, thought, norms, language, and intentional action. The aim of this book is to introduce their shared views on those topics, while also charting a few key disputes between them.

Reference and Structure in the Philosophy of Language

Author : Arthur Sullivan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415634008
Total Pages : 169 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (156 download)

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Book Synopsis Reference and Structure in the Philosophy of Language by : Arthur Sullivan

Download or read book Reference and Structure in the Philosophy of Language written by Arthur Sullivan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume investigates the precise contours of the connections between two foundational concepts: reference (the means of semantically expressing singular or object-dependent information) and structure (the having or lacking of meaningful sub-parts). Sullivan shows that the notion of structure, properly excavated, underlies and grounds various important points in the theory of reference. As such, this work builds on and further develops work by Bertrand Russell, Saul Kripke, David Kaplan, and Stephen Neale - principally, among many others. Sullivan aims to clearly establish the intrinsic connections between structure and reference, which brings into focus informative and explanatory connections underlying otherwise disparate debates about various aspects of linguistic communication. The overall result is a simple, comprehensive lens that can help to clarify a wide range of semantic phenomena.

The Philosophy of Curiosity

Author : Ilhan Inan
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136471391
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis The Philosophy of Curiosity by : Ilhan Inan

Download or read book The Philosophy of Curiosity written by Ilhan Inan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Ilhan Inan questions the classical definition of curiosity as a desire to know. Working in an area where epistemology and philosophy of language overlap, Inan forges a link between our ability to become aware of our ignorance and our linguistic aptitude to construct terms referring to things unknown. The book introduces the notion of inostensible reference (or reference to the unknown). Ilhan connects this notion to related concepts in philosophy of language: knowledge by acquaintance and knowledge by description; the referential and the attributive uses of definite descriptions; the de re/de dicto distinction; and Kripke’s distinction between rigid and accidental designators. Continuing with a discussion of the conditions for curiosity and its satisfaction, Inan argues that the learning process—starting in curiosity and ending in knowledge—is always an effort to transform our inostensible terms into ostensible ones. A contextual account is adopted for the satisfaction of curiosity. It then discusses the conditions of successful reference to the object of curiosity and its presuppositions. The book concludes with a discussion on the limits of curiosity and its satisfaction.