Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309166411
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes by : National Research Council

Download or read book Intentional Human Dosing Studies for EPA Regulatory Purposes written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-06-04 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The EPA commissioned The National Academies to provide advice on the vexing question of whether and, if so, under what circumstances EPA should accept and consider intentional human dosing studies conducted by companies or other sources outside the agency (so-called third parties) to gather evidence relating to the risks of a chemical or the conditions under which exposure to it could be judged safe. This report recommends that such studies be conducted and used for regulatory purposes only if all of several strict conditions are met, including the following: The study is necessary and scientifically valid, meaning that it addresses an important regulatory question that can't be answered with animal studies or nondosing human studies; The societal benefits of the study outweigh any anticipated risks to participants. At no time, even when benefits beyond improved regulation exist, can a human dosing study be justified that is anticipated to cause lasting harm to study participants; and All recognized ethical standards and procedures for protecting the interests of study participants are observed. In addition, EPA should establish a Human Studies Review Board (HSRB) to evaluate all human dosing studiesâ€"both at the beginning and upon completion of the experimentsâ€"if they are carried out with the intent of affecting the agency's policy-making.

The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309172942
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture by : National Research Council

Download or read book The Future Role of Pesticides in US Agriculture written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-02 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although chemical pesticides safeguard crops and improve farm productivity, they are increasingly feared for their potentially dangerous residues and their effects on ecosystems. The Future Role of Pesticides explores the role of chemical pesticides in the decade ahead and identifies the most promising opportunities for increasing the benefits and reducing the risks of pesticide use. The committee recommends R&D, program, and policy initiatives for federal agriculture authorities and other stakeholders in the public and private sectors. This book presents clear overviews of key factors in chemical pesticide use, including: Advances in genetic engineering not only of pest-resistant crops but also of pests themselves. Problems in pesticide useâ€"concerns about the health of agricultural workers, the ability of pests to develop resistance, issues of public perception, and more. Impending shifts in agricultureâ€"globalization of the economy, biological "invasions" of organisms, rising sensitivity toward cross-border environmental issues, and other trends. With a model and working examples, this book offers guidance on how to assess various pest control strategies available to today's agriculturist.

Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture by : Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo

Download or read book Pesticide Use in U.S. Agriculture written by Jorge Fernandez-Cornejo and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide use has changed considerably over the past five decades. Rapid growth characterized the first 20 years, ending in 1981. The total quantity of pesticides applied to the 21 crops analyzed grew from 196 million pounds of pesticide active ingredients in 1960 to 632 million pounds in 1981. Improvements in the types and modes of action of active ingredients applied along with small annual fluctuations resulted in a slight downward trend in pesticide use to 516 million pounds in 2008. These changes were driven by economic factors that determined crop and input prices and were influenced by pest pressures, environmental and weather conditions, crop acreages, agricultural practices (including adoption of genetically engineered crops), access to land-grant extension personnel and crop consultants, the cost-effectiveness of pesticides and other practices in protecting crop yields and quality, technological innovations in pest management systems/practices, and environmental and health regulations. Emerging pest management policy issues include the development of glyphosate-resistant weed populations associated with the large increase in glyphosate use since the late 1990s, the development of Bt-resistant western corn rootworm in some areas, and the arrival of invasive or exotic pest species, such as soybean aphid and soybean rust, which can influence pesticide use patterns and the development of Integrated Pest Management programs.

Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides

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Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789283201502
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

Download or read book Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of some organophosphate insecticides and herbicides, including diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos. Diazinon acts on a wide range of insects on crops, gardens, livestock, and pets, but most uses have been restricted in the USA, Canada, and the European Union since the 1980s. Glyphosate is the most heavily used agricultural and residential herbicide in the world, and has been detected in soil, air, surface water, and groundwater, as well as in food. Malathion is one of the oldest and most widely used organophosphate insecticides, and has a broad spectrum of applications in agriculture and public health, notably mosquito control. The insecticide parathion has been largely banned or restricted throughout the world due to toxicity to wildlife and humans. Tetrachlorvinphos is banned in the European Union, but continues to be used in the USA and elsewhere as an insecticide on animals, including in pet flea collars. The IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of these agents.

Veterans and Agent Orange

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 9780309075299
Total Pages : 791 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (752 download)

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Book Synopsis Veterans and Agent Orange by : Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides

Download or read book Veterans and Agent Orange written by Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-15 with total page 791 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have U.S. military personnel experienced health problems from being exposed to Agent Orange, its dioxin contaminants, and other herbicides used in Vietnam? This definitive volume summarizes the strength of the evidence associating exposure during Vietnam service with cancer and other health effects and presents conclusions from an expert panel. Veterans and Agent Orange provides a historical review of the issue, examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. The core of the book presents What is known about the toxicology of the herbicides used in greatest quantities in Vietnam. What is known about assessing exposure to herbicides and dioxin. What can be determined from the wide range of epidemiological studies conducted by different authorities. What is known about the relationship between exposure to herbicides and dioxin, and cancer, reproductive effects, neurobehavioral disorders, and other health effects. The book describes research areas of continuing concern and offers recommendations for further research on the health effects of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans. This volume will be critically important to both policymakers and physicians in the federal government, Vietnam veterans and their families, veterans organizations, researchers, and health professionals.

The Pesticide Review

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pesticide Review by : United States. Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service

Download or read book The Pesticide Review written by United States. Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pesticide Formulation and Adjuvant Technology

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351425323
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (514 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticide Formulation and Adjuvant Technology by : Chester L. Foy

Download or read book Pesticide Formulation and Adjuvant Technology written by Chester L. Foy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide Formulation and Adjuvant Technology brings together experts from industry, academia, regulatory offices, and the legal profession to provide a complete and international reference on agrichemical formulations and modern adjuvant technology. Global specialists discuss key topics, from scientific and technical issues to regulatory and legal aspects, including:

Neurotoxicity of Pesticides

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128205156
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Neurotoxicity of Pesticides by :

Download or read book Neurotoxicity of Pesticides written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-21 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurotoxicity of Pesticides, Volume Four, in this comprehensive serial addresses contemporary advances in neurotoxicology of pesticides by providing authoritative review articles on key issues in the field. Edited by leading subject experts, topics of note in this new release include Organophosphates, OPs, Nerve agents, Pyrethroids, Neonicotinoids and Formamidines, among others.

Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Pesticides in Minnesota, 1989-94

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Pesticides in Minnesota, 1989-94 by : Paul D. Capel

Download or read book Wet Atmospheric Deposition of Pesticides in Minnesota, 1989-94 written by Paul D. Capel and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Pesticide Residues in Food, 1994

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Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251037164
Total Pages : 862 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticide Residues in Food, 1994 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Food, 1994 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1995 with total page 862 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317026160
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management by : Mary Jane Angelo

Download or read book The Law and Ecology of Pesticides and Pest Management written by Mary Jane Angelo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-03-03 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although concerns over the ecological impacts of pesticides gave rise to the environmental movement of the late 1960s and 1970s, since that time, pesticide use and its effects have been largely ignored by the law and by legal scholars. This book addresses this omission by providing a unique and serious treatment of the significance of pesticide issues in environmental law and takes an ecological perspective on the legal issues. Dealing with a wide range of questions relating to pests and pesticides, the book focuses primarily on agricultural pesticide use as the largest contaminator in the US. It also examines the legacy of past pesticide use and analyzes how recent developments in ecological science can inform the law and increase our understanding of ecology. Interdisciplinary in its approach, the book will be of interest to academics, lawyers, scientists and environmental and agricultural professionals.

A History of Pesticides

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Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1786394871
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis A History of Pesticides by : Graham A Matthews

Download or read book A History of Pesticides written by Graham A Matthews and published by CABI. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this fascinating book, Graham Matthews takes the reader through the history of the development and use of chemicals for control of pests, weeds, and vectors of disease. Prior to 1900 only a few chemicals had been employed as pesticides but in the early 1940s, as the Second World War raged, the insecticide DDT and the herbicide 2-4-D were developed. These changed everything. Since then, farmers have been using a growing list of insecticides, herbicides and fungicides to protect their crops. Their use has undoubtedly led to significant gains in agricultural production and reduction in disease transmission, but also to major problems: health concerns for both users of pesticides and the general public, the emergence of resistance in pest populations, and environmental problems. The book examines the development of legislation designed to control and restrict the use of pesticides, the emergence of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and the use of biological control agents as part of policy to protect the environment and encourage the sustainable use of pesticides. Finally, the use of new technologies in pest control are discussed including the use of genetic modification, targeted pesticide application and use of drones, alongside basic requirements for IPM such as crop rotations, close seasons and adoption of plant varieties with resistance to pests and diseases.

Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage by : Arnold Lyle Aspelin

Download or read book Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage written by Arnold Lyle Aspelin and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

"Code of Massachusetts regulations, 1994"

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis "Code of Massachusetts regulations, 1994" by :

Download or read book "Code of Massachusetts regulations, 1994" written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Archival snapshot of entire looseleaf Code of Massachusetts Regulations held by the Social Law Library of Massachusetts as of January 2020.

Pesticides

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470995440
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (79 download)

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Book Synopsis Pesticides by : Frank Den Hond

Download or read book Pesticides written by Frank Den Hond and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite a history of several decades of pesticide regulation, continuous innovation, and considerable practical experience with using pesticides in agriculture, the environmental impact of pesticide use continues to be of serious concern.

Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780792345817
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (458 download)

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Book Synopsis Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides by : Rafael de Prado

Download or read book Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides written by Rafael de Prado and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-05-31 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, repeated use of herbicides in the same field has imposed selection for resistance in species that were formerly susceptible. On the other hand, considerable research in the private and public sectors has been directed towards introducing herbicide tolerance into susceptible crop species. The evolution of herbicide resistance, understanding its mechanisms, characterisation of resistant weed biotypes, development of herbicide-tolerant crops and management of resistant weeds are described throughout the 36 chapters of this book. It has been written by leading researchers based on the contributions made at the International Symposium on Weed and Crop Resistance to Herbicides held at Córdoba, Spain. This book will be a good reference source for research scientists and advanced students.

#MakeoverMonday

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119510791
Total Pages : 581 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis #MakeoverMonday by : Andy Kriebel

Download or read book #MakeoverMonday written by Andy Kriebel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-02 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore different perspectives and approaches to create more effective visualizations #MakeoverMonday offers inspiration and a giant dose of perspective for those who communicate data. Originally a small project in the data visualization community, #MakeoverMonday features a weekly chart or graph and a dataset that community members reimagine in order to make it more effective. The results have been astounding; hundreds of people have contributed thousands of makeovers, perfectly illustrating the highly variable nature of data visualization. Different takes on the same data showed a wide variation of theme, focus, content, and design, with side-by-side comparisons throwing more- and less-effective techniques into sharp relief. This book is an extension of that project, featuring a variety of makeovers that showcase various approaches to data communication and a focus on the analytical, design and storytelling skills that have been developed through #MakeoverMonday. Paging through the makeovers ignites immediate inspiration for your own work, provides insight into different perspectives, and highlights the techniques that truly make an impact. Explore the many approaches to visual data communication Think beyond the data and consider audience, stakeholders, and message Design your graphs to be intuitive and more communicative Assess the impact of layout, color, font, chart type, and other design choices Creating visual representation of complex datasets is tricky. There’s the mandate to include all relevant data in a clean, readable format that best illustrates what the data is saying—but there is also the designer’s impetus to showcase a command of the complexity and create multidimensional visualizations that “look cool.” #MakeoverMonday shows you the many ways to walk the line between simple reporting and design artistry to create exactly the visualization the situation requires.