Performance Of Cement Treated Recycled Aggregates Under Wetting Drying Cycles In Pavement Base

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Performance of Cement Treated Recycled Aggregates Under Wetting-drying Cycles in Pavement Base

Author : Saif Bin Salah
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance of Cement Treated Recycled Aggregates Under Wetting-drying Cycles in Pavement Base by : Saif Bin Salah

Download or read book Performance of Cement Treated Recycled Aggregates Under Wetting-drying Cycles in Pavement Base written by Saif Bin Salah and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilient Modulus (MR) is one of the most important stiffness parameter to determine the thickness of a pavement layer (AASHTO 2003 pavement design guideline). Recent studies conducted by researchers on the variability of MR with wetting-drying (WD) and freeze-thaw (FT) cycles show that long-term durability is an important criterion to be considered in designing pavement base with recycled materials. At present, the design procedure does not consider the effect of deterioration of pavement layers due to seasonal variations and limited studies have been conducted to evaluate the effect of environmental deterioration on the reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled crushed concrete aggregate (RCCA) mixtures stabilized with cement. The objective of this study is to evaluate the long-term durability of RCCA and RAP mix materials under repeated wetting-drying cycles. Three different combinations of RCCA and RAP materials containing 0%, 30% and 50% RAP content were used in this study. Each of these combinations were then stabilized with 4% and 6% cement content. After curing for 7 days the samples prepared from these material combinations were subjected to 4, 8, 16 and 30 wetting-drying (W-D) cycles. For the purpose of comparison, a different set of samples of the same combinations were prepared, cured for 7 days, and then further cured for 15, 25, 40 and 70 days. Resilient modulus tests were then conducted on all the samples at the end of these specified W-D cycles and curing periods. Environmental tests were also conducted to assess the effect of WD cycles on the washed-out water quality. These tests included total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pH. MR test results indicated that addition of 50% RAP into the mix reduced the resilient modulus (MR) by about 39%. Increasing the cement content from 4% to 6% increased the MR values by about 20-35% for all material combinations. Higher cement content also resulted in higher durability of the materials containing 30% and 50% of RAP. All the six material combinations used in this study showed adequate strength after 7-days of curing. But the mix containing 30% RAP + 70% RCCA 4% cement (30R_4C) and 50% RAP + 50% RCCA 4% cement (50R_4C) failed to meet the minimum layer coefficient value of 0.13 (AASHTO 2003) for pavement base layer after 8-16 wetting-drying cycles. Results obtained from the environmental tests after 30 WD cycles were found to be within the permissible values provided by EPA guidelines.

Structural Competency and Environmental Soundness of the Recycled Base Materials in North Texas

Author : Mohammad Faysal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Competency and Environmental Soundness of the Recycled Base Materials in North Texas by : Mohammad Faysal

Download or read book Structural Competency and Environmental Soundness of the Recycled Base Materials in North Texas written by Mohammad Faysal and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aggregates, which are derived from natural resources, are the most important raw materials used in pavement construction; however, depletion of the natural resources, increasing labor costs, and environmental concerns have led us to look for alternatives. Recycled materials, such as recycled crushed concrete aggregate (RCCA) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP), can be used as an alternative to natural aggregates and can be obtained from construction of newer structures and demolition of existing structures, such as buildings, bridges, pavement, etc. Recycled materials can reduce the cost, depletion of natural resources, and construction debris. The properties of recycled materials are source-dependent, which limit their utility to a great extent. Considering these factors, this experimental program was designed to evaluate the strength, stiffness, durability, and environmental impacts of using recycled materials in the pavement base. Different combinations of recycled crushed concrete aggregates (RCCA) and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) aggregates, under cement-treated or untreated conditions, were utilized to evaluate the applicability of these available materials to a flexible pavement base layer. It was found that RAP materials are relatively weaker than the RCCA materials due to the asphalt coating on its surface, but RAP materials can be mixed with RCCA to increase strength. According to this study, RAP can be mixed with RCCA up to a ratio of 50/50, but it must be treated with 4% to 6% cement to fulfill the compressive strength requirement of 300 psi specified in the Texas Department of Transportation's guidelines. The effect of the asphalt content on the strength and stiffness was also determined with the inclusion of additional asphalt to the RAP materials. Durability tests were performed with wetting and drying cycles on the weakest combinations of RCCA and RAP materials. These materials were found to be durable even after 30 wetting and drying cycles. Environmental tests were administered, such as pH, total and volatile dissolved solids, total and volatile suspended solids, turbidity, and chemical oxygen demand (COD). Test results were compared with the requirements of various environmental protection agencies and indicated that the recycled base materials are an environmentally-sound alternative to virgin aggregates and can be used in pavement bases or sub-base layers. The most important stiffness parameter used in pavement design is resilient modulus; however, the resilient modulus test is too complicated and costly to perform on a regular basis. The unconfined compressive strength test is easier to administer. In this study, a multiple linear regression model was developed to determine the resilient modulus value from the parameters obtained from the unconfined compressive strength tests. It is believed that the statistical model can be useful in determining the stiffness parameter of cement-treated base materials.

Evaluation of Cement and Fly Ash Treated Recycled Asphalt Pavement and Aggregates for Base Construction

Author : Tyson David Rupnow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (794 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Cement and Fly Ash Treated Recycled Asphalt Pavement and Aggregates for Base Construction by : Tyson David Rupnow

Download or read book Evaluation of Cement and Fly Ash Treated Recycled Asphalt Pavement and Aggregates for Base Construction written by Tyson David Rupnow and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INTRODUCTION: Many entities currently use recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) and other aggregates as base materials, temporary haul roads, and, in the case of RAP, hot mix asphalt construction. Several states currently allow the use of RAP combined with cement for a stabilized base course under both asphalt and concrete pavements. Currently, there is disagreement on what properties are required and how to test the cement and fly ash treated RAP for both asphalt and concrete pavement structures. This project investigated cement and fly ash treated RAP and other materials to determine their suitability for base course construction. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this research was to determine feasibility of cement and fly ash treated RAP and other aggregates as a structural layer for both portland cement concrete and hot mix asphalt pavement systems.

Effect of Fine Grained Soil in the Strength of Cement Treated Flex-base Materials

Author : Sita Timsina
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 118 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (132 download)

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Book Synopsis Effect of Fine Grained Soil in the Strength of Cement Treated Flex-base Materials by : Sita Timsina

Download or read book Effect of Fine Grained Soil in the Strength of Cement Treated Flex-base Materials written by Sita Timsina and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recycled materials such as, Recycled Crushed Concrete Aggregates (RCCA) and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) treated with cement has been widely used as the alternative granular base in pavement construction in different states in USA due to the depletion of natural resources of virgin aggregates. While a number of factors drive the use of these recycled materials, the two primary factors are economic savings and environmental benefits. In the flexible pavement systems, the base layer contributes to the structural capacity of the pavement systems, so, the quality performance of this layer is essential. However, presence of fine particles in the pavement system promotes the contamination of coarse granular material due to migration of fines from the subgrade which might adversely affect the strength and stiffness of flex-base. As such, the main purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fine contents in granular base materials in terms of strength and stiffness. In this research, a comprehensive experimental program was designed to characterize resilient and compressive behavior of recycled materials in the presence of soil in both natural and stabilized forms. For this study, RAP and RCCA were mixed at different proportions from 0% to 100% with different amount of soil mixture varying between 0% and 24% with cement content ranging from 0% to 6% at 2% interval. Different laboratory tests were conducted to determine the Optimum Moisture Content (OMC), Maximum Dry Density (MDD), Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) and Resilient Modulus (MR) of the mixes of RAP, RCCA, soil and Ordinary Portland Cement (Type I/II). Based on the preliminary data, it was found that with the intrusion of fines in cement treated as well as untreated recycled granular bases, both the strength and stiffness decrease as compared with the same specimens without fine particles. With the addition of 12% and 24% of soil in the combination of 30% RAP + 70% RCCA and 50% RAP + 50% RCCA, the value of resilient modulus decreased in the range of 30 -55% in the cement stabilized as well as natural forms. For example,the Mr value of (30/70) RAP/RCCA with 2% cement ranged between 10,000 psi and 45,000 psi, it was reduced to a range of 10,000-30,000 psi with 12% soil intrusion. Similarly, at 6% cement content the Mr value of (30/70) RAP/RCCA the highest value of resilient modulus of 75,000 psi was observed whereas with the 12% soil, the moduli value was reduced to 38,000 psi at the given maximum confining pressure of 20psi.

Guide to Cement-treated Base (CTB)

Author : Gregory E. Halsted
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780893122539
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide to Cement-treated Base (CTB) by : Gregory E. Halsted

Download or read book Guide to Cement-treated Base (CTB) written by Gregory E. Halsted and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cement-treated base (CTB) is a general term that applies to an mixture of native soils and/or manufactured aggregates with measured amounts of portland cement and water that is compacted and cured to form a strong, durable, frost resistant paving material. Other descriptions such as soil-cement base, cement-treated aggregate base, cement-stabilized base are sometimes used. This document provides a basic guide on the use of cement-treated base (CTB) for pavement applications. This document provides on overview on the design and construction of CTB for both mixed-in-place and central plant mixed operations. A suggested construction specification is also included.

Improving Long-term Performance of Cement-treated Aggregate Base Materials

Author : W. Spencer Guthrie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 4 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (611 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Long-term Performance of Cement-treated Aggregate Base Materials by : W. Spencer Guthrie

Download or read book Improving Long-term Performance of Cement-treated Aggregate Base Materials written by W. Spencer Guthrie and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Eleventh International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields

Author : Inge Hoff
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000533336
Total Pages : 501 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Eleventh International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields by : Inge Hoff

Download or read book Eleventh International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields written by Inge Hoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-10 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovations in Road, Railway and Airfield Bearing Capacity – Volume 1 comprises the first part of contributions to the 11th International Conference on Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields (2022). In anticipation of the event, it unveils state-of-the-art information and research on the latest policies, traffic loading measurements, in-situ measurements and condition surveys, functional testing, deflection measurement evaluation, structural performance prediction for pavements and tracks, new construction and rehabilitation design systems, frost affected areas, drainage and environmental effects, reinforcement, traditional and recycled materials, full scale testing and on case histories of road, railways and airfields. This edited work is intended for a global audience of road, railway and airfield engineers, researchers and consultants, as well as building and maintenance companies looking to further upgrade their practices in the field.

Evaluation of the Strength of Cement-treated Aggregate for Pavement Bases

Author : Susan E. Burns
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Strength of Cement-treated Aggregate for Pavement Bases by : Susan E. Burns

Download or read book Evaluation of the Strength of Cement-treated Aggregate for Pavement Bases written by Susan E. Burns and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cement-treated aggregate (CTA) is commonly used to provide a stable base for pavements that are placed over weak soil subgrades. Because CTA reduces the thickness of the aggregate required to provide a durable base by approximately one-half, using it as a bearing layer for pavement can limit the quantity of unsuitable soil that must be excavated and removed, and can reduce the erodability of the stabilized soils. However, the field performance of CTA is variable, even when prepared according to set standards. This laboratory-based investigation explored the effects of fines content, cement content, mineralogy, and freeze/thaw cycling on the unconfined compressive strength of cement-treated aggregate. The mineralogy of the base aggregate was found to make a significant difference in the strength of the CTA, with strength increasing in the following order: mica, limestone, and diabase. The granite aggregate yielded variable results, but the strengths were generally on the order of those determined for the diabase aggregate. The pH of the samples also correlated well, with the measured strengths increasing as the pH increased. As was anticipated, increasing the cement content increased the measured unconfined compressive strength of cylinders that were not subjected to freeze/thaw cycling. The same basic trend was observed in cylinders that were subjected to freeze/thaw cycling; however, the increase was less pronounced in the cylinders that were subjected to physical abrasion during thaw cycles. The fines content did not significantly influence the unconfined compressive strength of the cylinders that were not subjected to freeze/thaw cycling; however, the fines content appeared to confer a protective effect to the durability of the cylinders that were subjected to freeze/thaw. For the freeze/thaw test conditions, the unconfined compressive strength increased as the fines content was increased.

Performance Related Tests on Recycled Materials for Sustainable Design of Pavement Systems

Author : Athar Saeed
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 16 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Performance Related Tests on Recycled Materials for Sustainable Design of Pavement Systems by : Athar Saeed

Download or read book Performance Related Tests on Recycled Materials for Sustainable Design of Pavement Systems written by Athar Saeed and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides recommendations for performance-related tests to select recycled materials to be used in pavement foundations (base/sub-base layers). The test protocol presented in this paper will help transportation agencies, pavement design engineers and construction industry professionals to mechanistically evaluate and select sources of recycled hot-mix asphalt and portland cement concrete materials and identify factors that contribute most to the longevity of layers using recycled pavement materials. Extensive literature review was conducted on the aggregate specifications in the United States and other countries to identify the protocols used to evaluate the suitability of virgin and recycled aggregates in base and sub-base layers. The test procedures, typically designed for virgin aggregates, were modified to account for the recycled materials in the aggregate mix. The test procedures were further evaluated on the basis of mechanical performance, accuracy, practicality, complexity, precision, and test cost. The performance of the developed aggregate evaluation systems was determined through testing and analysis of 12 aggregates with different lithology and known field performance history. These samples were selected from seven states with different seasonal frost cycles. The performance tests were conducted and modifications were made to the tests procedures to better understand the mechanical behavior of aggregate systems with recycled materials. This study revealed that shear strength, toughness, abrasion, durability, and frost susceptibility influence the performance of the unbound aggregate layers. Statistical analysis of the data showed that shear strength of the aggregate systems has the most impact on the performance of the unbound systems consisted of recycled materials.

Advances in sustainable mine tailings management

Author : Lijie Guo
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 283253497X
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in sustainable mine tailings management by : Lijie Guo

Download or read book Advances in sustainable mine tailings management written by Lijie Guo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-10-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Design of Concrete Mixtures

Author : Duff Andrew Abrams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Design of Concrete Mixtures by : Duff Andrew Abrams

Download or read book Design of Concrete Mixtures written by Duff Andrew Abrams and published by . This book was released on 1919 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook for Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Courses with Lime

Author : Dallas N. Little
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook for Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Courses with Lime by : Dallas N. Little

Download or read book Handbook for Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Courses with Lime written by Dallas N. Little and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Guide to Full-depth Reclamation (FDR) with Cement

Author : David Robert Luhr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780893122478
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (224 download)

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Book Synopsis Guide to Full-depth Reclamation (FDR) with Cement by : David Robert Luhr

Download or read book Guide to Full-depth Reclamation (FDR) with Cement written by David Robert Luhr and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full-depth reclamation (FDR) is a roadway rehabilitation process that recycles the materials from deteriorated asphalt pavement, and, with the addition of portland cement, creates a new stabilized base. This guide to FDR discusses its applications, benefits, design, construction, and testing.

Waste and Byproducts in Cement-Based Materials

Author : Jorge de Brito
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128208953
Total Pages : 810 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Waste and Byproducts in Cement-Based Materials by : Jorge de Brito

Download or read book Waste and Byproducts in Cement-Based Materials written by Jorge de Brito and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-03 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste and By-Products in Cement-Based Materials: Innovative Sustainable Materials for a Circular Economy covers various recycled materials, by-products and wastes that are suitable for the manufacture of materials within the spectrum of so-called cement-based materials (CBM). Sections cover wastes for replacement of aggregates in CBM, focus on the application of wastes for the replacement of clinker and mineral additions in the manufacture of binders, discuss the optimization process surrounding the manufacture of recycled concrete and mortars, multi-recycling, advanced radiological studies, optimization of self-compacting concrete, rheology properties, corrosion prevention, and more. Final sections includes a review of real-scale applications that have been made in recent years of cement-based materials in roads, railway superstructures, buildings and civil works, among others, as well as a proposal of new regulations to promote the use of waste in the manufacture of CBM. Favors the institution of the circular economy in the construction industry by eliminating the barriers that currently prevent industrial waste from being valorized by its inclusion in CBM design Features an in-depth exploration of the strengths and weaknesses of new raw materials and their application to CBMs Features real-scale applications that have been made in recent years of cement-based materials in roads, railway superstructures, buildings and civil works, among others Presents current, state-of-the-art, and future-prospects for the use of industrial waste in CBMs

Recycled Aggregate Concrete Structures

Author : Jianzhuang Xiao
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 366253987X
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Recycled Aggregate Concrete Structures by : Jianzhuang Xiao

Download or read book Recycled Aggregate Concrete Structures written by Jianzhuang Xiao and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how, given the global challenge of a shortage of natural resources in the 21st century, the recycling of waste concrete is one of the most important means of implementing sustainable construction development strategies. Firstly, the book presents key findings on the micro- and meso-structure of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC), while the second part focuses on the mechanical properties of RAC: the strength, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio, stress-strain curve, etc. The third part of the book explores research on the durability of RAC: carbonization, chloride penetration, shrinkage and creep. It then presents key information on the mechanical behavior and seismic performance of RAC elements and structures: beams, columns, slabs, beam-column joints, and frames. Lastly, the book puts forward design guidelines for recycled aggregate concrete structures. Taken as a whole, the research results – based on a series of investigations the author has condu cted on the mechanical properties, durability and structural performance of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) over the past 10 years – demonstrate that, with proper design and construction, it is safe and feasible to utilize RAC structures in civil engineering applications. The book will greatly benefit researchers, postgraduates, and engineers in civil engineering with an interest in this field.

Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling

Author : F Pacheco Torgal
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128190566
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling by : F Pacheco Torgal

Download or read book Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling written by F Pacheco Torgal and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-02-10 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Construction and Demolition Waste Recycling: Management, Processing and Environmental Assessment is divided over three parts. Part One focuses on the management of construction and demolition waste, including estimation of quantities and the use of BIM and GIS tools. Part Two reviews the processing of recycled aggregates, along with the performance of concrete mixtures using different types of recycled aggregates. Part Three looks at the environmental assessment of non-hazardous waste. This book will be a standard reference for civil engineers, structural engineers, architects and academic researchers working in the field of construction and demolition waste. Summarizes key recent research in recycling and reusing concrete and demolition waste to reduce environmental impacts Considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, and the types and optimal location of waste recycling plants Reviews key steps in handling construction and demolition waste

Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Geoenvironment and Geohazard

Author : Arvin Farid
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981130128X
Total Pages : 609 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Geoenvironment and Geohazard by : Arvin Farid

Download or read book Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Geoenvironment and Geohazard written by Arvin Farid and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-10 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh volume of the proceedings of the 4th GeoShanghai International Conference that was held on May 27 - 30, 2018. This volume, entitled “Geoenvironment and Geohazards”, presents the recent advances and technology in geoenvironmental engineering and geohazards. The state-of-the-art theories, methodologies and findings in the related topics are included. This book may benefit researchers and scientists from the academic fields of soil & rock mechanics, geotechnical engineering, geoenvironmental engineering, transportation engineering, geology, mining and energy, as well as practical engineers from the industry. Each of the papers included in this book received at least two positive peer reviews. The editors would like to express their sincerest appreciation to all of the anonymous reviewers all over the world, for their diligent work.