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Perchlorate Remediation Using Packed Bed Bioreactors And Electricity Generation In Microbial Fuel Cells Mfcs
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Book Synopsis Perchlorate Remediation Using Packed-bed Bioreactors and Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) by : Booki Min
Download or read book Perchlorate Remediation Using Packed-bed Bioreactors and Electricity Generation in Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) written by Booki Min and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and Operation of Novel Up-flow Bioreactor for Microbial Perchlorate Removal by : Brian Hubbard
Download or read book Design and Operation of Novel Up-flow Bioreactor for Microbial Perchlorate Removal written by Brian Hubbard and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perchlorate is a major groundwater contaminant that is derived mostly from anthropogenic activities. As more sensitive analytical techniques were developed, perchlorate was detected in groundwater throughout the United States. Due to the possibility of adverse health effects, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency recently set the perchlorate reference dose to 0.0007 mg/kg/day, which corresponds to a drinking water equivalent level of 24.5 ppb. In this research, a novel up-flow microbial reactor was constructed and operated to evaluate its effectiveness on the removal of high perchlorate concentrations in a synthetic wastewater containing acetate (600 mg/L) as the primary source of electrons. Batch kinetic tests were conducted to determine optimum flow rate for perchlorate removal. A flow rate of 150 mL/min sufficiently expanded bacteria matrices and provided the optimum perchlorate removal rate. A fluidized bed reactor (FBR), using granular activated carbon as attachment medium, was operated in parallel to compare the performance of the novel up-flow bioreactor to FBR process. In the fluidized bed reactor, twenty percent bed expansion was achieved at a flow rate of 780 mL/min. Batch perchlorate removal in both reactors followed first order kinetics and the first order removal rate constant for the up-flow reactor (k = -0.0654 min -1) was substantially higher than that of FBR (k = -0.0385 min -1). After batch-feed experiments, both up-flow bioreactor and FBR were modified for continuous treatment of synthetic wastewater containing 100 mg/L perchlorate and 600 mg/L acetate. The systems were operated at hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 22, 15, 11 and 6 hours and daily influent and effluent perchlorate concentrations were measured to determine removal efficiencies. Complete removal of perchlorate was achieved with both systems at HRT of 22, 15, and 11 hours. Significant breakthrough of perchlorate occurred at HRT of six hours in the up-flow bioreactor. Breakthrough also occurred at six hours HRT for the fluidized bed reactor, but the effluent perchlorate concentration was substantially lower than that from up-flow bioreactor. Our results show that the up-flow bioreactor, operating at 20% the flow rate of an FBR, achieves similar effluent perchlorate concentrations and is a more cost effective treatment alternative.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Bioreactor Systems for Treating Perchlorate-Contaminated Water by : B. Logan
Download or read book Bioreactor Systems for Treating Perchlorate-Contaminated Water written by B. Logan and published by International Water Assn. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the project was to develop in the laboratory, and test in the field, a biological water treatment process for treating perchlorate-contaminated water. Bench- scale experiments were conducted on three processes: a packed bed reactor amended with soluble substrates (acetate); a hydrogen gas fed four-phase unsaturated trickle-type packed column; and a membrane-immobilized biofilm reactor. Based on these tests, one reactor system, an acetate-fed packed bed reactor (PSU-O4 system), was selected for further testing in pilot-plant tests at the Texas Street well field in Redlands, California. All three systems successfully removed perchlorate at rates sufficient to achieve an acceptable level of perchlorate removal for subsequent treatment for potable use. Pilot- scale tests at the Redlands site in California showed that perchlorate could be removed to non-detectable levels (
Book Synopsis Perchlorate and Nitrate Remediation Efficiency and Microbial Diversity in a Containerized Wetland Bioreactor by :
Download or read book Perchlorate and Nitrate Remediation Efficiency and Microbial Diversity in a Containerized Wetland Bioreactor written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We have developed a method to remove perchlorate (14 to 27 [mu]g/L) and nitrate (48 mg/L) from contaminated groundwater using a wetland bioreactor. The bioreactor has operated continuously in a remote field location for more than two years with a stable ecosystem of indigenous organisms. This study assesses the bioreactor for long-term perchlorate and nitrate remediation by evaluating influent and effluent groundwater for reduction-oxidation conditions and nitrate and perchlorate concentrations. Total community DNA was extracted and purified from 10-g sediment samples retrieved from vertical coring of the bioreactor during winter. Analysis by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis of short, 16S rDNA, polymerase-chain-reaction products was used to identify dominant microorganisms. Bacteria genera identified were closely affiliated with bacteria widely distributed in soils, mud layers, and fresh water. Of the 17 dominant bands sequenced, most were gram negative and capable of aerobic or anaerobic respiration with nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor (Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Halomonas, and Nitrospira). Several identified genera (Rhizobium, Acinetobactor, and Xanthomonas) are capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen into a combined form (ammonia) usable by host plants. Isolates were identified from the Proteobacteria class, known for the ability to reduce perchlorate. Initial bacterial assessments of sediments confirm the prevalence of facultative anaerobic bacteria capable of reducing perchlorate and nitrate in situ.
Book Synopsis Microbial Fuel Cells in Wastewater Treatment and Energy Production by : P. Shanmuganathan
Download or read book Microbial Fuel Cells in Wastewater Treatment and Energy Production written by P. Shanmuganathan and published by Manitham Publishers. This book was released on 2023-01-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are a type of bioelectrochemical system that uses microorganisms to convert organic matter into electrical energy. MFCs can be used in wastewater treatment to remove pollutants while simultaneously generating electricity. In an MFC, bacteria oxidize organic matter in the wastewater, creating electrons that flow through an electrical circuit, producing a current. The electrons also flow to the anode, where they accept protons and create water. The process generates electricity and also cleans the wastewater. The use of MFCs for wastewater treatment and energy production is a relatively new technology and is still under research and development. However, it has the potential to be a sustainable and cost-effective solution for treating wastewater and generating electricity. MFCs have the ability to generate electricity from a wide range of organic matter, such as wastewater from food processing plants, agricultural runoff, and even municipal sewage. This makes them a promising technology for decentralized power generation and treatment of wastewater in remote areas or in areas where a traditional grid connection is not available. Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are a type of bioelectrochemical system that converts chemical energy from organic matter into electrical energy using microorganisms. They are a promising technology for wastewater treatment and energy generation as they can convert organic pollutants present in wastewater into electricity. The basic design of an MFC consists of an anode and cathode compartment separated by a proton exchange membrane. Microorganisms are cultured in the anode compartment, where they oxidize the organic matter present in the wastewater, releasing electrons that flow through an external circuit, generating a current. At the same time, the electrons also flow to the cathode compartment, where they accept protons and create water. This process generates electricity while also cleaning the wastewater. MFCs can be used in a variety of settings, including wastewater treatment plants, food processing facilities, and agricultural operations. They can also be used in remote locations or areas where a traditional grid connection is not available, making them suitable for decentralized power generation. MFCs are still in the research and development phase, but have the potential to be a sustainable and cost-effective solution for treating wastewater and generating electricity. In addition, the technology can be integrated with other sustainable technologies, such as solar power or wind power, to provide a more robust and reliable power source. With the growth of science and technology, the most of the developing and developed countries are facing many challenges like Global warming, water and energy crisis, Seasonal changes, the variation in the production of food grains etc. The increase in population leads to the demand of natural resources all over the world. As the natural resources are getting depleted in a faster manner, some actions have to be initiated for sustainable development. most of the developing countries are deeply helpless to change in water supply. India is one of such countries facing such problem. The heavy increase in water demand and complex consumption patterns are the reasons for such problem.
Book Synopsis Effects of Acclimation Methods on Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Membrane Bioreactors and Methanogenic Microbial Electrolysis Cells by : Nicole Labarge
Download or read book Effects of Acclimation Methods on Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Membrane Bioreactors and Methanogenic Microbial Electrolysis Cells written by Nicole Labarge and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial electrochemical technologies (METs) can help address energy needs by recovering energy from wastewater, decreasing energy input for wastewater treatment, and generating useful fuels. Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) can be used to produce electricity from organics, but they cannot treat the wastewater to levels needed to meet discharge limits while producing power. Anaerobic fluidized bed membrane bioreactors (AFMBRs) are an energy-efficient method for treating low strength wastewater, and thus they can be used to treat MFC effluent to meet discharge standards. Methanogenic microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) generate methane by fixing carbon dioxide. The purpose of these studies was to examine the effect of different acclimation methods on the performance and microbial communities of AFMBRs and MECs. Different AFMBR startup methods were compared to determine effect of startup on reactor performance, and to assess microbial communities in AFMBRs. Similar (t-test, = 0.05, P > 0.4) COD removal was achieved for diluted wastewater using AFMBRs acclimated to methanol (M), wastewater (W), or anaerobic digester sludge (D), with an average COD removal of 63 12%. Acclimation to acetate (A) significantly increased COD removal to 84 6%. Improved removal efficiency by acetate acclimation was also seen after exposing reactor M to acetate feed for a week. When reactor M was subsequently fed diluted wastewater, the COD removal increased to 70 6%. Microbial communities on the GAC were significantly different (P
Book Synopsis Microbial Fuel Cell: Electricity Generation and Environmental Remediation by : Arpita Roy
Download or read book Microbial Fuel Cell: Electricity Generation and Environmental Remediation written by Arpita Roy and published by . This book was released on 2022-10-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive knowledge on the mechanisms of microbial fuel cells and their in-depth application in the field of bio-remediation and electricity production. It provides full coverage of the basic concepts of the environmental remediation process occurring through a microbial fuel cell and reviews the latest applications of microbial fuel. Researchers will be able to find all relevant applications of microbial fuel cells in this book.
Book Synopsis Development of Microbial Fuel Cell Technology (MFC) for Remediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Water by : Krishnaveni Venkidusamy
Download or read book Development of Microbial Fuel Cell Technology (MFC) for Remediation of Hydrocarbon Contaminated Water written by Krishnaveni Venkidusamy and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioelectrochemical remediation systems (BERS) have been recently proposed as an advanced remediation technology for xenobiotic pollutants such as petroleum hydrocarbons. Emerging methods such as these have benefits in terms of environmental sustainability and enhancing the degradation of pollutants. Generally, a bioelectrochemical reaction can be used for energy production (Microbial Fuel Cells, MFC) or chemical production (Microbial Electrolysis Cell, MEC). During the past decade much research focused on developing MFC technology as an alternative energy source, but in the last couple of years some investigations have been made into its use as a remediation tool. This PhD dissertation aims to generate a better understanding of this method and its application to the development of an energy recovering hydrocarbon remediation process using microbial fuel cell systems.
Book Synopsis Microbial Fuel Cell Technology for Bioelectricity by : Venkataraman Sivasankar
Download or read book Microbial Fuel Cell Technology for Bioelectricity written by Venkataraman Sivasankar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In view of the increased consumption of energy due to the proliferation of electronic devices, this book addresses the trends, similarities, differences and advances in fuel cells of both chemical and biological composition. Fundamentals of microbial fuel cells are described, accompanied by details surrounding their uses and limitations. Chapters on electricigens, microbial group investigations and performance, Rumen Fluid microbes and state-of-the-art advances in microbial fuel cell technology are discussed. The book elaborates upon analytical techniques used for biofilm characterization. It also includes chapters on MFC models that include plant-based MFCs, Algal/Fungi MFCs, MDCs and MFCs using animal waste. A critical review on the performance of MFC technology in field trials is offered in an exclusively dedicated section. By addressing one of the most promising sources for clean and renewable energy, this book fills a pressing need to understand a possible solution for meeting the energy demands in our highly advanced technical world.
Book Synopsis Progress in Domestic Wastewater Treatment, Resource Recovery and Energy Generation Using Microbial Fuel Cell by : Girum Ayalneh Tiruye
Download or read book Progress in Domestic Wastewater Treatment, Resource Recovery and Energy Generation Using Microbial Fuel Cell written by Girum Ayalneh Tiruye and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial fuel cells (MFC) are emerging as a versatile eco-friendly bioelectrochemical system (BES) that utilizes microorganisms as biocatalysts to simultaneously convert chemical energy in the chemical bond of organic and inorganic substrates into bioelectricity and treat wastewater. The performance of MFC depends on the electroactive microorganisms, popularly known as exoelectrogens, the loading rate of organic substrate, pH, MFC configurations, hydraulic retention time, and temperature. In most cases, the performance of MFC can be evaluated by measuring chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency, Coulombic efficiency and MFC power density output. To date, the most common MFC,Äôs reactor designs are single-chamber MFC, double-chambers MFC, and stacked-MFC configurations. Generally, considerable developments in MFC systems for waste treatment, renewable energy generation and resource recovery have been made in the last two decades, despite critical challenges of capital cost investment, and low efficiency for large scale applications are impeding MFC from commercialization. This mini-review chapter provides a comprehensive assessment of principles and configurations of MFC, treatment of domestic wastewater, energy generation, and resource recovery by MFC and challenges of MFC. I believe the information provided in this chapter will enlighten the current and future prospects of versatile applications of MFC during domestic wastewater treatment.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Microbial Communities and Design of Bioreactors Used for Perchlorate Remediation and Biohydrogen Production by : Husen Zhang
Download or read book Analysis of Microbial Communities and Design of Bioreactors Used for Perchlorate Remediation and Biohydrogen Production written by Husen Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Another H2-producing bioreactor was operated at four hydraulic retention times (HRT) (10, 5, 2.5 and 1 h) and four glucose concentrations (10, 7.5, 5, and 2.5 g/L). Biomass suspensions were analyzed by Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis (RISA) to obtain qualitative information on bacterial populations at each condition. Results showed that microbial species composition responded more to influent glucose concentration than to HRT. Populations detected at 2.5 g/L glucose concentration were taxonomically more diverse than at 5, 7.5, and 10 g/L glucose concentrations. The most intense band in RISA profiles at 10, 7.5, and 5 g/L glucose yielded sequences with high similarity (>97%) to Clostridium acidisoli. At 2.5 g/L glucose, a Selenomonadaceae spp. was identified as being present in the reactor.
Book Synopsis Innovative Wastewater Treatment & Resource Recovery Technologies: Impacts on Energy, Economy and Environment by : Juan M. Lema
Download or read book Innovative Wastewater Treatment & Resource Recovery Technologies: Impacts on Energy, Economy and Environment written by Juan M. Lema and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-15 with total page 690 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the 3R concept applied to wastewater treatment and resource recovery under a double perspective. Firstly, it deals with innovative technologies leading to: Reducing energy requirements, space and impacts; Reusing water and sludge of sufficient quality; and Recovering resources such as energy, nutrients, metals and chemicals, including biopolymers. Besides targeting effective C,N&P removal, other issues such as organic micropollutants, gases and odours emissions are considered. Most of the technologies analysed have been tested at pilot- or at full-scale. Tools and methods for their Economic, Environmental, Legal and Social impact assessment are described. The 3R concept is also applied to Innovative Processes design, considering different levels of innovation: Retrofitting, where novel units are included in more conventional processes; Re-Thinking, which implies a substantial flowsheet modification; and Re-Imagining, with completely new conceptions. Tools are presented for Modelling, Optimising and Selecting the most suitable plant layout for each particular scenario from a holistic technical, economic and environmental point of view.
Book Synopsis Environmental Transport Processes by : Bruce E. Logan
Download or read book Environmental Transport Processes written by Bruce E. Logan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-13 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique approach to the challenges of complex environmental systems Environmental Transport Processes, Second Edition provides much-needed guidance on mass transfer principles in environmental engineering. It focuses on working with uncontrolled conditions involving biological and physical systems, offering examples from diverse fields, including mass transport, kinetics, wastewater treatment, and unit processes. This new edition is fully revised and updated, incorporating modern approaches and practice problems at the end of chapters, making the Second Edition more concise, accessible, and easy to use. The book discusses the fundamentals of transport processes occurring in natural environments, with special emphasis on working at the biological–physical interface. It considers transport and kinetics in terms of systems that involve microorganisms, along with in-depth coverage of particles, size spectra, and calculations for particles that can be considered either spheres or fractals. The book's treatment of particles as fractals is especially unique and the Second Edition includes a new section on exoelectrogenic biofilms. It also addresses dispersion in natural and engineered systems unlike any other book on the subject. Readers will learn to tackle with confidence complex environmental systems and make transport calculations in heterogeneous environments with mixtures of chemicals.
Book Synopsis Biofilms in Wastewater Treatment by : Stefan Wuertz
Download or read book Biofilms in Wastewater Treatment written by Stefan Wuertz and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2003-04-30 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The central theme of the book is the flow of information from experimental approaches in biofilm research to simulation and modeling of complex wastewater systems. Probably the greatest challenge in wastewater research lies in using the methods and the results obtained in one scientific discipline to design intelligent experiments in other disciplines, and eventually to improve the knowledge base the practitioner needs to run wastewater treatment plants. The purpose of Biofilms in Wastewater Treatment is to provide engineers with the knowledge needed to apply the new insights gained by researchers. The authors provide an authoritative insight into the function of biofilms on a technical and on a lab-scale, cover some of the exciting new basic microbiological and wastewater engineering research involving molecular biology techniques and microscopy, and discuss recent attempts to predict the development of biofilms. This book is divided into 3 sections: Modeling and Simulation; Architecture, Population Structure and Function; and From Fundamentals to Practical Application, which all start with a scientific question. Individual chapters attempt to answer the question and present different angles of looking at problems. In addition there is an extensive glossary to familiarize the non-expert with unfamiliar terminology used by microbiologists and computational scientists. The colour plate section of this book can be downloaded by clicking here. (PDF Format 1 MB)
Book Synopsis Application of Microbes in Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology by : Inamuddin
Download or read book Application of Microbes in Environmental and Microbial Biotechnology written by Inamuddin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-03 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive edited book on microbial prospective discusses the innovative approaches and investigation strategies, as well as provides a broad spectrum of the cutting-edge research on the processing, properties and technological developments of microbial products and their applications. Microbes finds very important applications in our lives including industries and food processing. They are widely used in the fermentation of beverages, processing of dairy products, production of pharmaceuticals, chemicals, enzymes, proteins and biomaterials; conversion of biomass into fuel, fuel cell technology, health and environmental sectors. Some of these products are produced commercially, while others are potentially valuable in biotechnology. Microorganisms are considered invaluable in research as model organisms. This is a useful compilation for students and researchers in microbiology, biotechnology and chemical industries.
Book Synopsis Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production by : Samir Khanal
Download or read book Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production written by Samir Khanal and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2009-03-03 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anaerobic biotechnology is a cost-effective and sustainable means of treating waste and wastewaters that couples treatment processes with the reclamation of useful by-products and renewable biofuels. This means of treating municipal, agricultural, and industrial wastes allows waste products to be converted to value-added products such as biofuels, biofertilizers, and other chemicals. Anaerobic Biotechnology for Bioenergy Production: Principles and Applications provides the reader with basic principles of anaerobic processes alongside practical uses of anaerobic biotechnology options. This book will be a valuable reference to any professional currently considering or working with anaerobic biotechnology options.
