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Pensions In The Middle East And North Africa
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Book Synopsis Pensions in the Middle East and North Africa by : Edward Whitehouse
Download or read book Pensions in the Middle East and North Africa written by Edward Whitehouse and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first comprehensive assessment of pension systems in the Middle East and North Africa. While other regionsCentral Asia, Eastern Europe, and Latin America, in particularhave been actively introducing reforms to their pension systems, Middle East and North African countries have lagged behind. This is explained, in part, by the common belief that, because demographics remain favorablethe countries are young and the labor force is expanding rapidlyfinancial problems are far in the future; as a result, pension reform does not have to be a priority in the broader policy agenda.However, the authors show that aging is not the only factor behind a financial crisis; the problem is the generosity of the current schemes. Moreover, badly designed benefit formulas and eligibility conditions introduce unnecessary economic distortions and make the systems vulnerable to adverse distributional transfers. The book does not present a general model that could solve the problems of all pension systems in Middle East and North Africa countries. Instead the authors focus on outlining a framework for guiding discussions on pension reform and making objective policy choices.This assessment will be useful for policy makers and government officials involved in pension reform in the Middle East and North Africa region.
Book Synopsis Implicit Pension Debt in the Middle-East and North Africa by : David A. Robalino
Download or read book Implicit Pension Debt in the Middle-East and North Africa written by David A. Robalino and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pension Schemes and Pension Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa by : Markus Loewe
Download or read book Pension Schemes and Pension Reforms in the Middle East and North Africa written by Markus Loewe and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region spend a considerable share of their national income on social protection. In Egypt and Jordan, for example, this share ranges between 20 and 25 %. Most of the money, however, is used for social protection instruments that suffer from severe deficits with regards to equity, efficiency and financial sustainability. Especially, the public pension schemes of the MENA countries are characterised by (i) low coverage rates, (ii) regressive redistribution from the poor to the urban middle class, (iii) high administrative costs, (iv) unsustainable benefit conditions and (v) inefficient investment policies. The question is thus what the governments in the MENA region have done so far to remove the existing deficits and how the prospects are for more profound reforms in the future. This article discusses both questions. It shows that the MENA countries have implemented hardly any noteworthy pension reforms in the past and argues that this reluctance is mainly due to political considerations of the ruling regimes as well as to the fact that most MENA countries have until now been able to finance the deficits of their pension schemes. The article concludes that the prospects of reforms that go beyond simple changes in contribution rates or pension formulas remain bleak. The article has five sections. Section 1 presents the economic, social and political background of pension policy and pension reform in the MENA region. Section 2 analyses the main deficits of the existing public pension schemes and their implications with regards to social and economic criteria. Section 3 looks into past efforts to reform pension policies in selected MENA countries. Section 4 is meant to explain the lack of more fundamental pension reforms until now while assumptions are formulated in Section 5 on the prospects of future reforms. Section 6 concludes with lessons to be drawn from the experience of MENA countries for pension reforms in other parts of the world.
Book Synopsis Pension Systems in the Middle East and North Africa by : Axel H. Börsch-Supan
Download or read book Pension Systems in the Middle East and North Africa written by Axel H. Börsch-Supan and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries by : K. Hujo
Download or read book Reforming Pensions in Developing and Transition Countries written by K. Hujo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-22 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book moves beyond technical studies of pension systems by addressing the political economy of pension reform in different contexts. It provides insights into key issues related to pension policy and its developmental implications, drawing on selected country studies in Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America.
Book Synopsis Public Sector Reform in the Middle East and North Africa by : Robert P. Beschel
Download or read book Public Sector Reform in the Middle East and North Africa written by Robert P. Beschel and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Critical examinations of efforts to make governments more efficient and responsive Political upheavals and civil wars in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have obscured efforts by many countries in the region to reform their public sectors. Unwieldy, unresponsive—and often corrupt—governments across the region have faced new pressure, not least from their publics, to improve the quality of public services and open up their decisionmaking processes. Some of these reform efforts were under way and at least partly successful before the outbreak of the Arab Spring in 2010. Reform efforts have continued in some countries despite the many upheavals since then. This book offers a comprehensive assessment of a wide range of reform efforts in nine countries. In six cases the reforms targeted core systems of government: Jordan's restructuring of cabinet operations, the Palestinian Authority's revision of public financial management, Morocco's voluntary retirement program, human resource management reforms in Lebanon, an e-governance initiative in Dubai, and attempts to improve transparency in Tunisia. Five other reform efforts tackled line departments of government, among them Egypt's attempt to improve tax collection and Saudi Arabia's work to improve service delivery and bill collection. Some of these reform efforts were more successful than others. This book examines both the good and the bad, looking not only at what each reform accomplished but at how it was implemented. The result is a series of useful lessons on how public sector reforms can be adopted in MENA.
Book Synopsis Social Policy in the Middle East and North Africa by : Rana Jawad
Download or read book Social Policy in the Middle East and North Africa written by Rana Jawad and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a state of the art in the developing field of social policy in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. It offers an up-to-date conceptual analysis of social policy programmes and discourses in the MENA region by critically reviewing the range of social insurance and social assistance schemes that are currently in existence there. It also analyses and offers suggestions on which of these policies can positively impact the region’s advancement in terms of human development and in addressing social and economic inequalities and exclusion.
Book Synopsis Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives by : OECD
Download or read book Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Middle East and North Africa Investment Policy Perspectives highlights the considerable progress in investment policies made by the region’s governments over the past decade. Yet, the reform momentum needs to be sustained and deepened for the benefits of investment to be shared with society at large and for growth to be sustainable, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting global economic upheaval.
Book Synopsis Pensions at a Glance by : World Bank
Download or read book Pensions at a Glance written by World Bank and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents a range of indicators to enable comparisons between the countries of the Asia/Pacific region. It also includes data for key countries that are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). It builds on the OECD's Pensions at a Glance reports, published in 2005 and 2007, which looked at the 30 OECD member countries. It also reflects the work underlying the joint World Bank/OECD report Pensions Panorama, which explored the pension systems of 53 countries. These included countries in Eastern Europe/Central Asia, Latin America/Caribbean and Middle East/North Africa (Whitehouse, 2007).
Book Synopsis Subsidy Reform in the Middle East and North Africa by : Mr.Carlo A Sdralevich
Download or read book Subsidy Reform in the Middle East and North Africa written by Mr.Carlo A Sdralevich and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries price subsidies are common, especially on food and fuels. However, these are neither well targeted nor cost effective as a social protection tool, often benefiting mainly the better off instead of the poor and vulnerable. This paper explores the challenges of replacing generalized price subsidies with more equitable social safety net instruments, including the short-term inflationary effects, and describes the features of successful subsidy reforms.
Book Synopsis Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Download or read book Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-standing informality debate in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region has taken on a new urgency as it looks for a pathway to more socially inclusive growth that is less reliant on fossil fuels. This is occurring against a backdrop of subpar labor market outcomes, further growth setbacks, and deteriorating fiscal and current account deficits in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic--and in the wake of high inflation and supply chain disruptions triggered by the Russian Federation-Ukraine war. 'Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa' aims to better understand the characteristics and incentive structure that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in three MENA countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. The report breaks new ground by adopting a comprehensive perspective to focus on the features of, and interrelationships among, different aspects of these countries' institutional landscapes to make sense of the complex incentive structure that workers and firms face when deciding between formal and informal options. Specifically, the report groups these issues in three broad realms: (1) entrepreneur-worker relations, (2) taxes and transfers, and (3) market conditions. 'This report is an extremely welcome addition to the literature on MENA labor markets. By analyzing the incentive structure and institutional factors that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia, it points the way to policy actions that can be taken to reduce informality and increase social protection for workers. It is a must-read for anyone who cares about greater economic inclusion in MENA.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota 'A compelling account of the implications of informality in the workforce and how economies of MENA can design appropriate policy responses. This timely report comes amid multiple social reforms in MENA and is a must-read for policy practitioners and economists in the region.' --Karim El Aynaoui, Executive President, Policy Center for the New South 'This report is particularly timely given the negative impact the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent crises have had on living standards and poverty rates around the world and especially in MENA countries. While the focus on boosting growth and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals has revolved around financing, the report sheds new light on the benefits that tackling informality through institutional, regulatory, and policy changes could present to achieving these goals.' --Mahmoud Mohieldin, Executive Director, International Monetary Fund
Book Synopsis Pensions Panorama Retirement-Income Systems in 53 Countries by : Whitehouse Edward
Download or read book Pensions Panorama Retirement-Income Systems in 53 Countries written by Whitehouse Edward and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2007-02-13 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforming pensions in a fiscally and socially sustainable way is a central issue in developing and developed countries alike. This report, produced in collaboration by the OECD and the World Bank, addresses some of the key questions underlying the ...
Download or read book Pension Reform written by Robert Holzmann and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents 25 state of the art papers on the conceptual foundations and issues surrounding Non-financial, or Notional, Defined Contribution (NDC), country implementation of NDC (Italy, Latvia, Poland, and Sweden) and case studies for countries where NDC is figured in the reform debate. This book is intended to be a handbook for academics and policy makers who want to become informed about what NDC is and to learn about the pros and cons of this attractive reform proposal.
Book Synopsis Pension Reform and the Development of Pension Systems by : Emily S. Andrews
Download or read book Pension Reform and the Development of Pension Systems written by Emily S. Andrews and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Formal pension systems are an important means of reducing poverty among the aged. In recent years, however, pension reform has become a pressing matter, as demographic aging, poor administration, early retirement, and unaffordable benefits have strained pension balances and overall public finances. Pension systems have become a source of macroeconomic instability, a constraint to economic growth, and an ineffective and/or inequitable provider of retirement income."
Book Synopsis Managing Fiscal Risks in the Middle East and North Africa by : Racheeda Boukezia
Download or read book Managing Fiscal Risks in the Middle East and North Africa written by Racheeda Boukezia and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2023-06-11 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries in the Middle East and North Africa are exposed to significant fiscal risks. This paper analyzes the sources of these fiscal risks in 17 low- and middle-income countries in the Middle East, North Africa and Pakistan region, excluding high-income Gulf countries (MENAPEG), and discusses avenues for reform to strengthen fiscal risk management. The materialization of fiscal risks in MENAPEG has been driven by macroeconomic shocks, contingent liabilities, and tail-risk events. The region has a track record of volatile economic growth and sharp exchange rate movements. High dependence on hydrocarbon revenue among MENAPEG oil and gas exporters and pervasive universal subsidies generate considerable budgetary exposure to swings in commodity prices. Substantial government involvement in the economy and large state ownership of firms and banks exposes several MENAPEG countries to contingent liabilities from state-owned enterprises and the financial sector. Lastly, the region’s history of social unrest and conflicts together with tail-risk events such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic, and natural disasters and climate change, have been important sources of fiscal risks. Many of the factors historically associated with the materialization of fiscal risks in MENAPEG countries are likely to remain sources of vulnerability in the future, raising the need for robust fiscal risk management frameworks. Policy reform can strengthen fiscal risk management in MENAPEG. This paper describes precedents where progress is made and provides a broad analytical framework for policymakers to build upon to fully embrace fiscal risk management in all its dimensions. Going forward, it is crucial for national authorities to enhance their capacity to identify, quantify, and assess risk factors and their budget’s exposure to them. This should be followed by thorough fiscal risk analysis to inform policy decisions to mitigate risks. Where risks cannot be mitigated or are judged to be acceptable, countries should consider adopting appropriate medium-term fiscal frameworks to build buffers to deal with them.
Book Synopsis Pension Funds and National Saving by : Pablo Lopez-Murphy
Download or read book Pension Funds and National Saving written by Pablo Lopez-Murphy and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Murphy and Musalem conduct an empirical study of the effect of the accumulation of pension fund financial assets on national saving using a panel of 43 industrial and developing countries. The authors find evidence suggesting that the accumulation of pension fund financial assets might increase national saving when these funds are the result of a mandatory pension program. By contrast, national saving might be unaffected when pension funds are the result of a public program implemented to foster voluntary pension saving.This paper is a product of the Human Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project quot;Contractual Savings Institutions and National Saving.quot.
Author :Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran, and Turkey Publisher :American Univ in Cairo Press ISBN 13 :9789774247002 Total Pages :304 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (47 download)
Book Synopsis Employment Creation and Social Protection in the Middle East and North Africa by : Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran, and Turkey
Download or read book Employment Creation and Social Protection in the Middle East and North Africa written by Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran, and Turkey and published by American Univ in Cairo Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes and analyzes critical aspects of the labor market and social protection in the Arab world
