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Pavlovs Physiology Factory
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Book Synopsis Pavlov's Physiology Factory by : Daniel P. Todes
Download or read book Pavlov's Physiology Factory written by Daniel P. Todes and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russian physiologist and Nobel Prize winner Ivan Pavlov is most famous for his development of the concept of the conditioned reflex and the classic experiment in which he trained a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell. In this study, Daniel P. Todes explores Pavlov's early work in digestive physiology through the structures and practices of his landmark laboratory - the physiology department of the Imperial Institute for Experimental Medicine.
Book Synopsis Pavlov's Physiology Factory by : Daniel P. Todes
Download or read book Pavlov's Physiology Factory written by Daniel P. Todes and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2003-04-29 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russian physiologist and Nobel Prize winner Ivan Pavlov is most famous for his development of the concept of the conditional reflex and the classic experiment in which he trained a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell. In Pavlov's Physiology Factory: Experiment, Interpretation, Laboratory Enterprise, Daniel P. Todes explores Pavlov's early work in digestive physiology through the structures and practices of his landmark laboratory—the physiology department of the Imperial Institute for Experimental Medicine. In Lectures on the Work of the Main Digestive Glands, for which Pavlov won the Nobel Prize in 1904, the scientist frequently referred to the experiments of his coworkers and stated that his conclusions reflected "the deed of the entire laboratory." This novel claim caused the prize committee some consternation. Was he alone deserving of the prize? Examining the fascinating content of Pavlov's scientific notes and correspondence, unpublished memoirs, and laboratory publications, Pavlov's Physiology Factory explores the importance of Pavlov's directorship of what the author calls a "physiology factory" and illuminates its relationship to Pavlov's Nobel Prize-winning work and the research on conditional reflexes that followed it. Todes looks at Pavlov's performance in his various roles as laboratory manager, experimentalist, entrepreneur, and scientific visionary. He discusses changes wrought by government and commercial interests in science and sheds light on the pathways of scientific development in Russia—making clear Pavlov's personal achievements while also examining his style of laboratory management. Pavlov's Physiology Factory thus addresses issues of importance to historians of science and scientists today: "big" versus "small" science, the dynamics of experiment and interpretation, and the development of research cultures.
Download or read book Ivan Pavlov written by Daniel P. Todes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2014-10-15 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Pfizer Award from the History of Science Society "Contrary to legend, Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) never trained a dog to salivate to the sound of a bell." So begins this definitive, deeply researched biography of Ivan Pavlov. Daniel P. Todes fundamentally reinterprets the Russian physiologist's famous research on conditional reflexes and weaves his life, values, and science into the tumultuous century of Russian history-particularly that of its intelligentsia-from the reign of tsar Nicholas I to Stalin's time. Ivan Pavlov was born to a family of priests in provincial Riazan before the serfs were emancipated, and made his home and professional success in the booming capital of St. Petersburg in late imperial Russia. He suffered the cataclysmic destruction of his world during the Bolshevik seizure of power and civil war of 1917-21, rebuilt his life in his seventies as a "prosperous dissident" during the Leninist 1920s, and flourished professionally as never before in the 1930s industrialization, revolution, and terror of Stalin times. Using a wide variety of previously unavailable archival materials, Todes tells a vivid story of that life and redefines Pavlov's legacy. Pavlov was not, in fact, a behaviorist who believed that psychology should address only external behaviors; rather, he sought to explain the emotional and intellectual life of animals and humans, "the torments of our consciousness." This iconic "objectivist" was actually a profoundly anthropomorphic thinker whose science was suffused with his own experiences, values, and subjective interpretations. Todes's story of this powerful personality and extraordinary man is based upon interviews with surviving coworkers and family members (along with never-before-analyzed taped interviews from the 1960s and 1970s), examination of hundreds of scientific works by Pavlov and his coworkers, and close analysis of materials from some twenty-five archives. The materials range from the records of his student years at Riazan Seminary to the transcripts of the Communist Party cells in his labs, and from his scientific manuscripts and notebooks to his political speeches; they include revealing love letters to his future wife and correspondence with hundreds of scholars, artists, and Communist Party leaders; and memoirs by many coworkers, his daughter, his wife, and his lover. The product of more than twenty years of research, this is the first scholarly biography of the physiologist to be published in any language.
Book Synopsis The Work of the Digestive Glands by : Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Download or read book The Work of the Digestive Glands written by Ivan Petrovich Pavlov and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ivan Pavlov: a Very Short Introduction by : Daniel P. Todes
Download or read book Ivan Pavlov: a Very Short Introduction written by Daniel P. Todes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) is famous for his Nobel Prize-winning studies of digestion and, especially, his investigations of conditional reflexes, through which he attempted to understand and ease the "torments" of human consciousness. Based on rich archival materials, this work provides a uniquely rich and readable introduction to his life and work. The book follows Pavlov from his youth as a provincial seminarian to his scientific studies, traumas, and professional success in the glittering capital of St. Petersburg through world war and two revolutions, international celebrity status, and his complex relationship with the Bolsheviks under Lenin and Stalin. Exploring Pavlov's quest to constrain the psyche within mechanistic law, the work explains his innovative experimental techniques and approach, discusses his interpretive practices as a physiologist, reveals the personalities and importance of his favorite experimental dogs, and analyzes his important, but little-known, experiments on chimpanzees. The work ends with a discussion of the two manuscripts on which Pavlov labored during his last days, which reveal the relationship between the great scientist's work and his psychological drive for certainty amid the unforeseeable calamities in life and express his final thoughts about the relationship between science, Christianity, and Communism"--
Download or read book Ivan Pavlov written by Daniel Todes and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-06-22 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hailed as the "Prince of World Physiology," Ivan Pavlov continues to influence scientists today. His pioneering research on digestion, the brain, and behavior still provides important insights into the minds of animals--including humans--and is an inspiring example of imaginative experimental technique. Pavlov graduated from the theological seminary in his native Ryazan, Russia, in 1869 but almost immediately switched to medicine and enrolled at St. Petersburg University. He became interested in the physiology of circulation and digestion, which led him to the study of conditional and unconditional reflexes. He conducted thousands of experiments with dogs, developing a way to use a dogs salivary glands as a window through which to observe the workings of its brain.Pavlov lived through the Russian Revolution and the civil war that followed it. Lenin himself recognized his genius and provided financial backing for his research; the new Soviet government built a research complex dedicated exclusively to his experiments. Pavlov was honored for his contributions to science with the Nobel Prize for Physiology in 1904.Oxford Portraits in Science is an ongoing series of scientific biographies for young adults. Written by top scholars and writers, each biography examines the personality of its subject as well as the thought process leading to his or her discoveries. These illustrated biographies combine accessible technical information with compelling personal stories to portray the scientists whose work has shaped our understanding of the natural world.
Book Synopsis Ivan Pavlov by : Barbara R. Saunders
Download or read book Ivan Pavlov written by Barbara R. Saunders and published by Enslow Publishers, Inc.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Learn about the Russian scientist who introduced the idea of conditioned reflexes in behavior."--From source other than the Library of Congress
Book Synopsis Appetite and Its Discontents by : Elizabeth A. Williams
Download or read book Appetite and Its Discontents written by Elizabeth A. Williams and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Historians have begun to explore why and how eating has become problematic for more and more people. But so far little attention has been given to the problem of appetite -- the changing ways that the appetite for food is formed or how the views of scientific and medical experts on the subject have developed over time. In this book, Elizabeth Williams traces the history of academic inquiry into appetite's nature and functioning in the two centuries between 1750 and 1950, from the mid-Enlightenment to the dawn of big science. She reveals how appetite and eating came to be an object of scientific study by turning to advances in physiology, natural history, medicine, and, from the late nineteenth century, psychology and ethology. The author's goals are capacious, however, for she aims not only to convey the development of the science but, in so doing, to root out the cause of our modern nutritional disarray"--
Book Synopsis Scientific Session on the Physiological Teachings of Academician Ivan P. Pavlov by :
Download or read book Scientific Session on the Physiological Teachings of Academician Ivan P. Pavlov written by and published by The Minerva Group, Inc.. This book was released on 2001-07 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific Session on the Physiological Teachings of Academician I.P. Pavlov was originally published in 1951. Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) was a great Russian scientist and physiologist. The name of Ivan Petrovich Pavlov is dear to all in the Soviet Union. It has become a symbol for unbounded patriotism and passionate service to Soviet science, a symbol of the struggle for the prestige of Soviet science and victory in the sphere of world scientific competition. As a man he combined gentleness and kindness with short-tempered irascibility and tremendous zeal for the work he loved. The greatness of Pavlov as a scholar is undisputed the world over. World fame came to him because he introduced his own original synthesis into every branch of physiology in which he worked. Almost every one of his experiments bore the character of an innovation, the stamp of a revolutionary spirit. He never forgot that his scientific achievement was achievement of Russian thought. It will be remembered that Pavlov did a great deal towards applying his achievements in the realm of physiology to practical medicine. His idea of "prolonged sleep" for the treatment of schizophrenia and other nervous and psychic disturbances was very widely used. Pavlov based his theories on the fact that during sleep the brain cells are in a state which protects them from further injury.
Book Synopsis Conditioned Reflexes by : Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Download or read book Conditioned Reflexes written by Ivan Petrovich Pavlov and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a series of lectures delivered in 1924, Dr. I.P. Pavlov reviewed his entire course of experiments, summarized his conclusions, and outlined his landmark psychological system. Until that time, Pavlov's investigations were known only through individual monographs, most of which had appeared in hard-to-find periodicals published in eastern Europe. This book- an expanded version of the lectures- is a full, authorized translation of the Novel Prize-winning scientist's work in experimental psychology.
Book Synopsis Ivan Pavlov by : Daniel Philip Todes
Download or read book Ivan Pavlov written by Daniel Philip Todes and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 897 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a definitive, deeply researched biography of Russian physiologist Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936) and is the first scholarly biography to be published in any language. The book is Todes's magnum opus, which he has been working on for some twenty years. Todes makes use of a wealth of archival material to portray Pavlov's personality, life, times, and scientific work. Combining personal documents with a close reading of scientific texts, Todes fundamentally reinterprets Pavlov's famous research on conditional reflexes. Contrary to legend, Pavlov was not a behaviorist (a misimpression captured in the false iconic image of his "training a dog to salivate to the sound of a bell"); rather, he sought to explain not simply external behaviors, but the emotional and intellectual life of animals and humans. This iconic "objectivist" was actually a profoundly anthropomorphic thinker whose science was suffused with his own experiences, values, and subjective interpretations. This book is also a traditional "life and times" biography that weaves Pavlov into some 100 years of Russian history-particularly that of its intelligentsia--from the emancipation of the serfs to Stalin's time. Pavlov was born to a family of priests in provincial Ryazan before the serfs were emancipated, made his home and professional success in the glittering capital of St. Petersburg in late imperial Russia, suffered the cataclysmic destruction of his world during the Bolshevik seizure of power and civil war of 1917- 1921, rebuilt his life in his 70s as a "prosperous dissident" during the Leninist 1920s, and flourished professionally as never before in 1929-1936 during the industrialization, revolution, and terror of Stalin. Todes's story of this powerful personality and extraordinary man is based upon interviews with surviving coworkers and family members (along with never-before-analyzed taped interviews from the 1960s and 1970s), examination of hundreds of scientific works
Book Synopsis I. P. Pavlov by : Ivan Petrovich Pavlov
Download or read book I. P. Pavlov written by Ivan Petrovich Pavlov and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus by : Arsène Saparov
Download or read book From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus written by Arsène Saparov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first historical work to study the creation of ethnic autonomies in the Caucasus in the 1920s – the transitional period from Russian Empire to Soviet Union. Seventy years later these ethnic autonomies were to become the loci of violent ethno-political conflicts which have consistently been blamed on the policies of the Bolsheviks and Stalin. According to this view, the Soviet leadership deliberately set up ethnic autonomies within the republics, thereby giving Moscow unprecedented leverage against each republic. From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus questions this assumption by examining three case studies: Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh are placed within the larger socio-political context of transformations taking place in this borderland region during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It examines demographic, social and economic consequences of the Russian colonization and resulting replacement of traditional societies and identities with modern ones. Based on original Russian language sources and archival materials, the book brings together two periods that are usually studied separately – the period of the Russian Civil War 1917–20 and the early Soviet period – in order to understand the roots of the Bolshevik decision-making policy when granting autonomies. It argues that rather than being the product of blatant political manipulation this was an attempt at conflict resolution. The institution of political autonomy, however, became a powerful tool for national mobilization during the Soviet era. Contributing both to the general understanding of the early Soviet nationality policy and to our understanding of the conflicts that have engulfed the Caucasus region since the 1990s, this book will be of interest to scholars of Central Asian studies, Russian/Soviet history, ethnic conflict, security studies and International Relations.
Book Synopsis Science And Human Behavior by : B.F Skinner
Download or read book Science And Human Behavior written by B.F Skinner and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The psychology classic—a detailed study of scientific theories of human nature and the possible ways in which human behavior can be predicted and controlled—from one of the most influential behaviorists of the twentieth century and the author of Walden Two. “This is an important book, exceptionally well written, and logically consistent with the basic premise of the unitary nature of science. Many students of society and culture would take violent issue with most of the things that Skinner has to say, but even those who disagree most will find this a stimulating book.” —Samuel M. Strong, The American Journal of Sociology “This is a remarkable book—remarkable in that it presents a strong, consistent, and all but exhaustive case for a natural science of human behavior…It ought to be…valuable for those whose preferences lie with, as well as those whose preferences stand against, a behavioristic approach to human activity.” —Harry Prosch, Ethics
Book Synopsis The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments by : George Johnson
Download or read book The Ten Most Beautiful Experiments written by George Johnson and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2009-03-10 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dazzling, irresistible collection of the ten most groundbreaking and beautiful experiments in scientific history. With the attention to detail of a historian and the storytelling ability of a novelist, New York Times science writer George Johnson celebrates these groundbreaking experiments and re-creates a time when the world seemed filled with mysterious forces and scientists were in awe of light, electricity, and the human body. Here, we see Galileo staring down gravity, Newton breaking apart light, and Pavlov studying his now famous dogs. This is science in its most creative, hands-on form, when ingenuity of the mind is the most useful tool in the lab and the rewards of a well-considered experiment are on exquisite display.
Book Synopsis Media, Culture, and Mediality by : Ludwig Jäger
Download or read book Media, Culture, and Mediality written by Ludwig Jäger and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2014-03-31 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current culturally oriented media studies have significantly advanced central concepts such like »mediality«, »media culture«, »media discourse« and »procedures of media«. Focused on this newly defined terminological field, this volume presents landmark contributions for media studies providing new insights into the current state of research on media theory and media culture, simultaneously developing an agenda for future research.
Book Synopsis Diversification and Professionalization in Psychology by : Csaba Pléh
Download or read book Diversification and Professionalization in Psychology written by Csaba Pléh and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diversification and Professionalization in Psychology offers readers a multicentric perspective on the history of social science and compares the developments in psychology in relation to the developments made in the other social and natural sciences. This is the second volume about the formation of modern psychology and provides a comprehensive look into the origins and developments of modern psychology. With a large geographical coverage, European developments are put into their own context in their own time. In doing this, the book explores different early schools, from social reductionists like Durkheim, Charles Blondel, and Maurice Halbwachs, to the social debates about relativism in Lévy-Bruhl, early Piaget, the beginnings of ethology, and the semiotic approach of Karl Bühler. These thinkers are placed in relation to the recent upsurge of different social and biological theories of the mind. Throughout, the author develops a detailed presentation of the thematic development of psychology and links the history of psychology to an outline of contemporary psychology. This is an invaluable introductory text for undergraduate students of the history of psychology and will also appeal to postgraduates, academics, and anyone interested in psychology or the history of science. It will also be of interest to graduate students of psychology, biology, sociology, and anthropology with a theoretical interest in the history of the field.
