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Patenting Race
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Book Synopsis Identity, Invention, and the Culture of Personalized Medicine Patenting by : Shubha Ghosh
Download or read book Identity, Invention, and the Culture of Personalized Medicine Patenting written by Shubha Ghosh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of developments in personalized medicine patenting and explores its normative implications to suggest policies to best regulate it.
Download or read book Race in a Bottle written by Jonathan Kahn and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approved by the FDA in 2005 as the first drug with a race-specific indication on its label, BiDil was touted as a pathbreaking therapy to treat heart failure in black patients. Kahn reveals that, at the most basic level, BiDil became racial through legal maneuvering and commercial pressure as much as through medical understandings of how the drug worked. He examines the legal and calls for a more reasoned approach to using race in biomedical research and practice.
Book Synopsis The Battle Over Patents by : Stephen H. Haber
Download or read book The Battle Over Patents written by Stephen H. Haber and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This essay is the introduction to a book of the same title, forthcoming in summer of 2021 from Oxford University Press. The purpose is to document the ways in which patent systems are products of battles over the economic surplus from innovation. The features of these systems take shape as interests at different points in the production chain seek advantage in any way they can, and consequently, they are riven with imperfections. The interesting historical question is why US-style patent systems with all their imperfections have come to dominate other methods of encouraging inventive activity. The essays in the book suggest that the creation of a tradable but temporary property right facilitates the transfer of technological knowledge and thus fosters a highly productive decentralized ecology of inventors and firms.
Book Synopsis Revisiting Race in a Genomic Age by : Barbara A. Koenig
Download or read book Revisiting Race in a Genomic Age written by Barbara A. Koenig and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essays explore a range of topics that include drug development and the production of race-based therapeutics, the ways in which genetics could contribute to future health disparities, the social implications of ancestry mapping, and the impact of emerging race and genetics research on public policy and the media.
Book Synopsis Making and Unmaking Intellectual Property by : Mario Biagioli
Download or read book Making and Unmaking Intellectual Property written by Mario Biagioli and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-07-31 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rules regulating access to knowledge are no longer the exclusive province of lawyers and policymakers and instead command the attention of anthropologists, economists, literary theorists, political scientists, artists, historians, and cultural critics. This burgeoning interdisciplinary interest in “intellectual property” has also expanded beyond the conventional categories of patent, copyright, and trademark to encompass a diverse array of topics ranging from traditional knowledge to international trade. Though recognition of the central role played by “knowledge economies” has increased, there is a special urgency associated with present-day inquiries into where rights to information come from, how they are justified, and the ways in which they are deployed. Making and Unmaking Intellectual Property, edited by Mario Biagioli, Peter Jaszi, and Martha Woodmansee, presents a range of diverse—and even conflicting—contemporary perspectives on intellectual property rights and the contested sources of authority associated with them. Examining fundamental concepts and challenging conventional narratives—including those centered around authorship, invention, and the public domain—this book provides a rich introduction to an important intersection of law, culture, and material production.
Book Synopsis Identity, Invention, and the Culture of Personalized Medicine Patenting by : Shubha Ghosh
Download or read book Identity, Invention, and the Culture of Personalized Medicine Patenting written by Shubha Ghosh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are the normative implications of patenting in the area of personalized medicine? As patents on genes and medical diagnoses have increased over the past decade, this question lies at the intersection of intellectual property theory, identity politics, biomedical ethics and constitutional law. These patents are part of the personalized medicine industry, which develops medical treatments tailored to individuals based on race and other characteristics. This book provides an overview of developments in personalized medicine patenting and suggests policies to best regulate such patents.
Book Synopsis Australian Intellectual Property Law by : Mark Davison
Download or read book Australian Intellectual Property Law written by Mark Davison and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updated to include recent important developments in Australian intellectual property law, this is an essential text for students and professionals.
Book Synopsis Patent Filing Strategies and Patent Management by : Florian Jell
Download or read book Patent Filing Strategies and Patent Management written by Florian Jell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-07 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Florian Jell empirically investigates the objectives that companies pursue with their patenting activities and presents empirical insights into how patent management is organized within industrial companies. The book concludes with a case study of how a company reacted to its competitor’s patenting – which led to a patent arms race.
Book Synopsis Economics of Research and Innovation in Agriculture by : Petra Moser
Download or read book Economics of Research and Innovation in Agriculture written by Petra Moser and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The challenges facing agriculture are plenty. Along with the world's growing population and diminishing amounts of water and arable land, the gradual increase in severe weather presents new challenges and imperatives for producing new, more resilient crops to feed a more crowded planet in the twenty-first century. Innovation has historically helped agriculture keep pace with earth's social, population, and ecological changes. In the last 50 years, mechanical, biological, and chemical innovations have more than doubled agricultural output while barely changing input quantities. The ample investment behind these innovations was available because of a high rate of return: a 2007 paper found that the median ROI in agriculture was 45 percent between 1965 and 2005. This landscape has changed. Today many of the world's wealthier countries have scaled back their share of GDP devoted to agricultural R&D amid evidence of diminishing returns. Universities, which have historically been a major source of agricultural innovation, increasingly depend on funding from industry rather than government to fund their research. As Upton Sinclair wrote of the effects industry influences, "It is difficult to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his not understanding it." In this volume of the NBER Conference Report series, editor Petra Moser offers an empirical, applied-economic framework to the different elements of agricultural R&D, particularly as they relate to the shift from public to private funding. Individual chapters examine the sources of agricultural knowledge and investigate challenges for measuring the returns to the adoption of new agricultural technologies, examine knowledge spillovers from universities to agricultural innovation, and explore interactions between university engagement and scientific productivity. Additional analysis of agricultural venture capital point to it as an emerging and future source of resource in this essential domain"--
Download or read book Patents on Life written by Thomas C. Berg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique collection of legal, religious, ethical, and political perspectives on debates surrounding biotechnology patents or 'patents on life'.
Book Synopsis Abstractions and Embodiments by : Janet Abbate
Download or read book Abstractions and Embodiments written by Janet Abbate and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2022-08-30 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cutting-edge historians explore ideas, communities, and technologies around modern computing to explore how computers mediate social relations. Computers have been framed both as a mirror for the human mind and as an irreducible other that humanness is defined against, depending on different historical definitions of "humanness." They can serve both liberation and control because some people's freedom has historically been predicated on controlling others. Historians of computing return again and again to these contradictions, as they often reveal deeper structures. Using twin frameworks of abstraction and embodiment, a reformulation of the old mind-body dichotomy, this anthology examines how social relations are enacted in and through computing. The authors examining "Abstraction" revisit central concepts in computing, including "algorithm," "program," "clone," and "risk." In doing so, they demonstrate how the meanings of these terms reflect power relations and social identities. The section on "Embodiments" focuses on sensory aspects of using computers as well as the ways in which gender, race, and other identities have shaped the opportunities and embodied experiences of computer workers and users. Offering a rich and diverse set of studies in new areas, the book explores such disparate themes as disability, the influence of the punk movement, working mothers as technical innovators, and gaming behind the Iron Curtain. Abstractions and Embodiments reimagines computing history by questioning canonical interpretations, foregrounding new actors and contexts, and highlighting neglected aspects of computing as an embodied experience. It makes the profound case that both technology and the body are culturally shaped and that there can be no clear distinction between social, intellectual, and technical aspects of computing. Contributors: Janet Abbate, Marc Aidinoff, Troy Kaighin Astarte, Ekaterina Babinsteva, André Brock, Maarten Bullynck, Jiahui Chan, Gerardo Con Diaz, Liesbeth De Mol, Stephanie Dick, Kelcey Gibbons, Elyse Graham, Michael J. Halvorson, Mar Hicks, Scott Kushner, Xiaochang Li, Zachary Loeb, Lisa Nakamura, Tiffany Nichols, Laine Nooney, Elizabeth Petrick, Cierra Robson, Hallam Stevens, Jaroslav Švelch
Book Synopsis Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials 3rd Edition 2023 by : Lisa Larrimore Ouellette
Download or read book Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials 3rd Edition 2023 written by Lisa Larrimore Ouellette and published by Lisa Larrimore Ouellette. This book was released on 2023-06-21 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials (3rd Edition 2023) is a free casebook, co-authored by Professor Jonathan S. Masur (University of Chicago Law School) and Professor Lisa Larrimore Ouellette (Stanford Law School). The casebook is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. A digital version of the casebook can be downloaded free online, and a printed copy can be purchased at cost (royalty free).
Book Synopsis Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials (2nd Edition 2022) by : Jonathan S. Masur
Download or read book Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials (2nd Edition 2022) written by Jonathan S. Masur and published by Lisa Larrimore Ouellette. This book was released on 2022-06-29 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials (2nd Edition 2022) is a free casebook, co-authored by Professor Jonathan S. Masur (University of Chicago Law School) and Professor Lisa Larrimore Ouellette (Stanford Law School). The casebook is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. A digital version of the casebook can be downloaded free online at patentcasebook.org, and a printed copy can be purchased on Amazon at cost.
Book Synopsis Patenting of Pharmaceuticals and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa by : POKU ADUSEI
Download or read book Patenting of Pharmaceuticals and Development in Sub-Saharan Africa written by POKU ADUSEI and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically investigates the patent protection of medication in light of the threats posed by HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis epidemics to the citizens of countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (hereinafter “SSA” or “Africa”). The book outlines the systemic problems associated with the prevailing globalized patent regime and the regime’s inability to promote access to life-saving medication at affordable prices in SSA. It argues that for pharmaceutical patents to retain their relevance in SSA countries, human development concepts must be integrated into global patent law- and policy-making. An integrative approach implies developing additional public health and human development exceptions/limitations to the exercise of patent rights with the goal of scaling up access to medication that can treat epidemics in SSA. By drawing on multiple perspectives of laws, institutions, practices, and politics, the book suggests that SSA countries adopt an evidence-based approach to implementing global patent standards in domestic jurisdictions. This evidence-based approach would include mechanisms like local need assessments and the use of empirical data to shape domestic patent law-making endeavors. The approach also implies revising patent rules and policies with a pro-poor and pro-health emphasis, so that medication will be more affordable and accessible to the citizens of SSA countries. It also suggests considering the opinions of individuals and pro-access institutions in enacting crucial pieces of health-related statutes in SSA countries. The approach in this book is sensitive to the public health needs of the citizens affected by epidemics and to the imperative of building local manufacturing facilities for pharmaceutical research and development in SSA.
Download or read book Patent Law written by Jonathan S. Masur and published by Lisa Larrimore Ouellette. This book was released on 2021-06-29 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patent Law: Cases, Problems, and Materials is a free casebook, co-authored by Professor Jonathan S. Masur (University of Chicago Law School) and Professor Lisa Larrimore Ouellette (Stanford Law School). The casebook is made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. A digital version of the casebook can be downloaded free online at patentcasebook.org, and a printed copy can be purchased on Amazon at cost.
Book Synopsis Racism, Not Race by : Joseph L. Graves, Jr.
Download or read book Racism, Not Race written by Joseph L. Graves, Jr. and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The science on race is clear. Common categories like “Black,” “white,” and “Asian” do not represent genetic differences among groups. But if race is a pernicious fiction according to natural science, it is all too significant in the day-to-day lives of racialized people across the globe. Inequities in health, wealth, and an array of other life outcomes cannot be explained without referring to “race”—but their true source is racism. What do we need to know about the pseudoscience of race in order to fight racism and fulfill human potential? In this book, two distinguished scientists tackle common misconceptions about race, human biology, and racism. Using an accessible question-and-answer format, Joseph L. Graves Jr. and Alan H. Goodman explain the differences between social and biological notions of race. Although there are many meaningful human genetic variations, they do not map onto socially constructed racial categories. Drawing on evidence from both natural and social science, Graves and Goodman dismantle the malignant myth of gene-based racial difference. They demonstrate that the ideology of racism created races and show why the inequalities ascribed to race are in fact caused by racism. Graves and Goodman provide persuasive and timely answers to key questions about race and racism for a moment when people of all backgrounds are striving for social justice. Racism, Not Race shows readers why antiracist principles are both just and backed by sound science.
Book Synopsis A Patent System for the 21st Century by : National Research Council
Download or read book A Patent System for the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-01 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. patent system is in an accelerating race with human ingenuity and investments in innovation. In many respects the system has responded with admirable flexibility, but the strain of continual technological change and the greater importance ascribed to patents in a knowledge economy are exposing weaknesses including questionable patent quality, rising transaction costs, impediments to the dissemination of information through patents, and international inconsistencies. A panel including a mix of legal expertise, economists, technologists, and university and corporate officials recommends significant changes in the way the patent system operates. A Patent System for the 21st Century urges creation of a mechanism for post-grant challenges to newly issued patents, reinvigoration of the non-obviousness standard to quality for a patent, strengthening of the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, simplified and less costly litigation, harmonization of the U.S., European, and Japanese examination process, and protection of some research from patent infringement liability.
