Parents Perceptions Of Their Childrens And Their Own Sport Experiences

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Parents' Perceptions of Their Children's and Their Own Sport Experiences

Author : Michael J. Diacin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Parents' Perceptions of Their Children's and Their Own Sport Experiences by : Michael J. Diacin

Download or read book Parents' Perceptions of Their Children's and Their Own Sport Experiences written by Michael J. Diacin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sport participation is a significant aspect in many people's lives. The experiences they accumulate in sport are shaped by a variety of factors. A combination of personal factors (e.g., demographics), social factors (e.g., socializing sources and the support they provide), and structural factors (e.g., costs and accessible programs) uniquely shape each individual's experience. Since a variety of factors can shape that experience, it is useful to examine perceptions of the factors were significant in the creation of an individual's participation opportunities and experiences in sport. The purpose of this study was threefold: (a) to gain insight into the personal, social, and structural factors participants perceived were significant on their sport participation experiences throughout various stages of their lives; (b) to gain insight into the personal, social, and structural factors participants perceived were significant upon their children's sport experiences; and (c) to illustrate differences that exist among participants' own and their children's sport experiences. Eleven participants were involved in this study. Participants had firsthand experience in an organized sport during their youth and/or adolescence. Participants also had at least one child under the age of 13 who was active in an organized sport at the time of data collection. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Variety in participants' gender, race, age, household income, education, and occupation were present. Difference in participants' and their children's sport experiences emerged and were reported in five themes. Those themes are: Sources of Socialization, (b) Gendered Constructions Shaping Sport Experiences, (c) Parental Presence in Youth Sport, (d) Self-confidence and Skill, and (e) Structural Constraints upon Participation. These themes reflect variance in the sport experiences among this group of participants and their perceptions of their own and their children's experiences. The framework of this study utilized descriptive and hermeneutical inquiry. The descriptive element was expressed through a realist approach that relied on information learned from the participants (Creswell, 2007). Hermeneutical inquiry, which is concerned with interpretive understanding and context surrounding engagement in the particular act, was reflected through participants' assessments of their experiences.

The Sport Psychologist's Handbook

Author : Joaquin Dosil
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470863579
Total Pages : 732 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sport Psychologist's Handbook by : Joaquin Dosil

Download or read book The Sport Psychologist's Handbook written by Joaquin Dosil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-02-22 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical handbook for sports psychologists that outlines the most effective interventions for athletes across a variety of sports. A practical manual for the growing force of sports psychologists helping today's athletes to unprecedented levels of application and success Offers specific guidance on the psychological assessment of athletes, uniquely presented in an accessible sport-by-sport format Written by an experienced practicing sports psychologist and author, who draws on his own methods and experience in the field

Parenting in Youth Sport

Author : Nicholas L. Holt
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135105146
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting in Youth Sport by : Nicholas L. Holt

Download or read book Parenting in Youth Sport written by Nicholas L. Holt and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Being the parent of a young athlete is a complex and challenging endeavour. Parents play a pivotal role in the development of young people in reaching their full potential in sport – indeed, the psychological and practical support of parents can be as vital to young athletes as the appropriate coaching and facilities. This book brings together current research into the impact of parenting in youth sport and examines the relationships between athletes, coaches and parents, whilst also discussing topics such as parenting styles, behaviour at competition and talent development. This book not only outlines the theories of parenting in youth sport, but also utilises research and examples from several countries, including the UK, US, Canada, and Australia. It has a research-to-practice theme and includes numerous suggestions for research projects (and getting research published). Parenting in Youth Sport is an essential text for students, lecturers and practitioners with an interest in youth sport, sport psychology or sport development.

Raising Young Athletes

Author : Jim Taylor, PhD
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1538108127
Total Pages : 183 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Raising Young Athletes by : Jim Taylor, PhD

Download or read book Raising Young Athletes written by Jim Taylor, PhD and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-10-12 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sports are an amazing environment in which to raise children. The benefits they gain from athletic participation are many, including physical, personal, and social. Yet, there is also a dark side to today’s youth sports culture, as an emphasis on winning has made what was once fun become a burden for many young athletes. As a result, parents can’t always be certain their children’s athletic involvement will be safe and enjoyable. In Raising Young Athletes: Parenting Your Children to Victory in Sports and Life, Dr. Jim Taylor—an internationally-recognized authority on sport psychology, child development, and parenting—offers a guiding hand to help parents ensure their children’s sports participation encourages positive attitudes and promotes healthy developments as they move toward adulthood. The role of parents in shaping their children’s sports experience has never been more important, and Dr. Taylor shows parents how to send the right messages to their young athletes with clear and practical advice. Whether playing sports just for fun or with aspirations to play professionally, Raising Young Athletes helps parents steer their children toward a healthy, positive experience. As such, their participation will become an impactful part of their lives that will prepare them to be victorious both in sports and in life.

Coaching Children in Sport

Author : Ian Stafford
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113696407X
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Coaching Children in Sport by : Ian Stafford

Download or read book Coaching Children in Sport written by Ian Stafford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All coaches working with children will know that they differ substantially from adults in their capabilities, capacity for development and in their ability to meet the demands that sport places upon them. Coaching Children in Sport provides an up-to-date, authoritative and accessible guide to core knowledge and coaching skills for anybody working with children in sport. Written by a team of leading international coaching experts, teachers, psychologists and specialists in children’s issues in sport and health, the book explains why children should not be treated as mini-adults in sport and helps coaches to devise effective ways of working that not only achieve results but also take into account the best interests of the child. It examines key topics such as: fundamental coaching skills coaching philosophies and models children’s physical and psychosocial development children’s motivation safeguarding and child protection issues and coaching ethics sport and children’s health talent identification and high performance coaching reflective practice in sports coaching. Including case studies, practical reflective activities and guides to further reading throughout, Coaching Children in Sport is an essential text for all courses and training programmes in sports coaching. It is also vital reading for all students, teachers and practitioners working with children in sport, physical education or developmental contexts.

Changing the Game

Author : John O'Sullivan
Publisher : Morgan James Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1614486468
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Changing the Game by : John O'Sullivan

Download or read book Changing the Game written by John O'Sullivan and published by Morgan James Publishing. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern day youth sports environment has taken the enjoyment out of athletics for our children. Currently, 70% of kids drop out of organized sports by the age of 13, which has given rise to a generation of overweight, unhealthy young adults. There is a solution. John O’Sullivan shares the secrets of the coaches and parents who have not only raised elite athletes, but have done so by creating an environment that promotes positive core values and teaches life lessons instead of focusing on wins and losses, scholarships, and professional aspirations. Changing the Game gives adults a new paradigm and a game plan for raising happy, high performing children, and provides a national call to action to return youth sports to our kids.

101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent

Author : Joel Fish
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743233115
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis 101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent by : Joel Fish

Download or read book 101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent written by Joel Fish and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The determining factor in whether a child between the ages of six and seventeen enjoys athletics is his or her parents -- not the sport, coach, or team. Yet, parents are often unaware of how their behavior and expectations impact their child's experience. In 101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent, Dr. Joel Fish, a sport psychologist who is also the dad of three young athletes, shares both his clinical expertise and practical experience to help parents develop a deeper understanding of the many issues that surround the young athlete. For athletes of all skill levels, from Little League to high school, Dr. Fish discusses how to: •Help your child reach his or her full athletic potential •Develop strategies to deal with competitive pressure •Know if you're too involved or not involved enough •Interact successfully with your child's coach, and more With insights into the different developmental and self-esteem issues facing girls and boys, information on parenting a superstar athlete, and special tips for single parents, 101 Ways to Be a Terrific Sports Parent will help any parent make sports a memorable and happy experience for their child.

Social Psychology in Sport and Exercise

Author : Ann-Marie Knowles
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1137306297
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (373 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Psychology in Sport and Exercise by : Ann-Marie Knowles

Download or read book Social Psychology in Sport and Exercise written by Ann-Marie Knowles and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-16 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should athletes prepare for the pressures of a large crowd? How do you manage conflict and disunity in a team? How can you encourage individuals to do more exercise? Covering a broad range of areas from elite sport to public health programmes, The Social Psychology of Sport and Exercise examines human behaviour and how we can change it. The authors combine innovative research with practical examples and case studies, masterfully explaining the theory and applying it to real-life problems. From coaching world-class athletes to running exercise referral schemes, this book offers unrivalled advice and guidance. The Social Psychology of Sport and Exercise: - Analyses contemporary research from both sport and exercise psychology - Investigates the issues and challenges that practitioners face in settings ranging from the World Cup to the leisure centre - Suggests useful strategies to help you put the theory into practice This highly readable textbook is perfect for undergraduate and postgraduate students studying sport and exercise psychology, while its practical nature means that it will also be of interest to professionals working in the field.

Sports in the Lives of Children and Adolescents

Author : Robert S. Griffin
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 : 0275961273
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (759 download)

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Book Synopsis Sports in the Lives of Children and Adolescents by : Robert S. Griffin

Download or read book Sports in the Lives of Children and Adolescents written by Robert S. Griffin and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1998-04-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After being questioned by a parent about how participation in sports affects children, Robert Griffin examined the impact of sports on children and reflected upon his own experiences with sports. Griffin asserts that sports is best assessed as it relates to the central issues children and adolescents confront while growing up - the agenda of the childhood, as he calls it. Griffin's explorations lead him to an examination of schools, professional sports, race and class, and the popular media as they affect children's interest and involvement in sports. He also investigates the phenomena of achievement (and not just in sports) and good parenting.

The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation

Author : Richard Ryan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190666471
Total Pages : 561 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation by : Richard Ryan

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation written by Richard Ryan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-15 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of human motivation has been undergoing a revolutionary shift in the 21st century. What new philosophical assumptions, motivational models, and empirical evidence have emerged? What does this look like in theory and in application? The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation, Second Edition addresses these key advances made in the field since the previous edition, offering the latest insights from the top theorists and researchers of human motivation. The volume includes chapters on social learning theory, control theory, self-determination theory, terror management theory, and regulatory focus theory, while also presenting articles from leading scholars on phenomena such as ego-depletion, choice, curiosity, flow, implicit motives, and personal interests. A special section dedicated to goal research highlights achievement goals, goal attainment, goal pursuit and unconscious goals, and the goal orientation process across adulthood. This Handbook also provides practical research and guidance with sections on relationships and applications in areas such as psychotherapy, education, physical activity, sport, and work. By providing reviews of the most advanced work by the very best scholars in this field, The Oxford Handbook of Human Motivation, Second Edition represents an invaluable resource for both researchers and practitioners, as well as any student of human nature.

The Adulteration of Children’s Sports

Author : Kristi Erdal
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498571522
Total Pages : 137 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis The Adulteration of Children’s Sports by : Kristi Erdal

Download or read book The Adulteration of Children’s Sports written by Kristi Erdal and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-07-20 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Adulteration of Children’s Sports explores current behavioral and physiological research about how children’s organized sport has changed; how adults’ goals and needs are at the heart of those changes; and the consequences of those changes on children’s enjoyment of sport and on their autonomy, creativity, and moral reasoning outside of sport. Adult introduction of early competition, extrinsic rewards, early sport specialization, and year-round participation has thwarted children’s intrinsic motivation and contributed to children’s attrition from sport. Kristi Erdal explores concerns about the future of sport itself, as adult-mediated selection practices whittle down young athletes earlier on shakier criteria. Parents’ and coaches’ complicity in these practices, however, is based on intermediaries poorly interpreting (or ignoring) the research literature. Thus, the final chapters of this book are about translating the research into applied ideas for change. Erdal provides an essential introduction to evidence-based research about children’s health and well-being in sport and debunks myths along the way. Adults built the problems compiled in this text. We can dismantle them as well.

Organized Youth Sport, Parenthood Ideologies and Gender Relations

Author : Dawn Elizabeth Trussell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780494561652
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (616 download)

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Book Synopsis Organized Youth Sport, Parenthood Ideologies and Gender Relations by : Dawn Elizabeth Trussell

Download or read book Organized Youth Sport, Parenthood Ideologies and Gender Relations written by Dawn Elizabeth Trussell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the importance and scope of children's sport participation has been a topic of research, to date, few researchers have explored the impact organized youth sport may have on family life. In particular, little attention has been paid to the way in which family relationships, interactions, and values are shaped by children's sport involvement. This study seeks to address this gap in the literature and the social and cultural context in which youth sport participation occurs. Specifically, the connection between children's participation in youth sport and contemporary motherhood and fatherhood ideologies is explored, including the relation between youth sport and being a "good parent". Changing parenting ideologies and their implications for gender relations are also addressed. An interpretive approach was used to discover behavioural, relational, and emotional aspects of youth sport and family life. The setting for the study was a rural community (which included both farm and non-farm residences) since such communities are characterized by fewer services (e.g., leisure facilities, public transportation, health care) and higher rates of poverty and unemployment. Semi-structured interviews and on-line participant journals (10 days duration) were used to discover divergent experiences of mothers, fathers, and children. A purposive sample of seven families (19 children, 7 mothers, and 6 fathers) participated in the study. Data analysis was guided by a constructivist grounded theory approach to facilitate understanding of participants' perceptions and meanings of youth sport participation. The data revealed three major themes. The first theme "Understanding Children's Experiences" relates to children's perceptions of their scheduled lives, the impact organized sport has on their relationships with their siblings, and how they perceive their parents' involvement and support. The second theme "Parenting in Public and Private Spaces" reveals the parents' perspectives on the high cost of youth sport for the family unit (emotional, physical, and financial cost), how the parents' involvement with the sport organization shapes the parent-child relationship, the judgment of other parents' behaviours, and meaning and significance of being a "good parent". The third theme that developed from the analysis, "The Nexus of Family Experiences", illustrates the intersection of the children's and parents' perspectives. This theme reveals the complexity of the decision-making processes and the positive and negative experiences of youth sport for different family members. The core theme, "Upholding Team Family", represents the culmination of the children's and parents' experiences, and helps to capture and integrate the insights gained from the analysis as a whole. This theme focuses on the centrality of organized youth sport in the construction of a sense of "team family", as well as the sacrifices and contradictory aspects of maintaining this ideal. Further, the gendered nature of organized youth sport involvement and how rurality shapes the families' sport involvement, are also discussed. The themes that emerged from this study reflect the contradictory nature of organized youth sport, including the strengthening of familial relationships, as well as the tensions and disagreements arising out of divergent perspectives. Emphasis is put on the public nature of parenting in the youth sport context and its relationship to social constructions of being a "good parent". In terms of broader implications, the study emphasizes the close connection between organized youth sport, and changing cultural ideals and practices associated with gender and parenting.

Sociology of Sport and Physical Education

Author : Anthony Laker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134562977
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis Sociology of Sport and Physical Education by : Anthony Laker

Download or read book Sociology of Sport and Physical Education written by Anthony Laker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, intended for undergraduates on various education and sport related degree courses, covers the key, current issues in the field of sociology of sport and physical education. The first section of the text covers the importance of sport in culture, its theoretical background, and methodological issues in research. The main body of the text then discusses issues including the sporting body, participation and socialisation into sport, the hidden curriculum, critical pedagogy, and sport and the media. Laker discusses in depth gender, race and ethnicity, class, and equality, and he looks at sport and the media, and the involvement of politics. The chapters are each rounded off with challenging 'reflection' questions, activities and tasks for the reader to fulfill.

Social Psychology in Sport

Author : Louise Davis
Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 1718201826
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (182 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Psychology in Sport by : Louise Davis

Download or read book Social Psychology in Sport written by Louise Davis and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2024-02-01 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Psychology in Sport, Second Edition, offers global perspectives and a broad base of knowledge in areas that shape the social environment of sport. The text guides readers through the interactions, relationships, influences, and perceptions that affect sport performance and the lived experience of sport participation. Athlete relationships with coaches, parents, and peers are examined in depth. Editors Louise Davis, Richard Keegan, and Sophia Jowett offer their expert knowledge and diverse perspectives regarding social relationships in competitive sport at every level. Through the contributions of an international group of established scholars, Social Psychology in Sport, Second Edition, explains how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of sport performers are influenced by the presence of others. The second edition offers a broad range of topics, with theoretical, empirical, and applied perspectives of social psychology. Trending topics such as the maltreatment of athletes, parental involvement, and safe sport cultures are addressed. The text also covers established areas of interest such as group dynamics and coach–athlete relationships. Each chapter follows a progression, starting with theory and then moving to current research, future research directions, and suggested practical applications. This chapter structure helps readers to build a foundation of understanding before moving on to application benefits. Chapter objectives and discussion questions are provided to aid in knowledge retention. Social Psychology in Sport, Second Edition, explores the growing field of social psychology in sport settings, offering a broad base of knowledge alongside practical application and areas for further research. This text is a comprehensive resource for students and researchers interested in the psychosocial aspects of sport.

The Oxford Handbook of Exercise Psychology

Author : Edmund O. Acevedo
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199930740
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Exercise Psychology by : Edmund O. Acevedo

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Exercise Psychology written by Edmund O. Acevedo and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-13 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Awareness of the importance of exercise and physical activity to optimal physical and mental health has never been greater. It is widely acknowledged that physical inactivity is a leading cause of death, yet statistics show less than 50% of Americans participate in regular physical activity. This information highlights the public health challenge of increasing participation in physical activity to enhance physical health and to buoy the psychological benefits associated with physical activity. The Oxford Handbook of Exercise and Psychology is an authoritative and comprehensive presentation of the breadth and depth of empirical contributions utilizing state-of-the-science theories and approaches in exercise psychology. Chapters are authored by leading investigators across the globe who have made significant scientific contributions addressing the behavioral aspects of physical activity. Sections of the book address the effects of physical activity on mental health; knowledge gathered utilizing psychobiological perspectives; behavioral factors that impact exercise motivation; scientific contributions addressing the physical activity benefits with special populations, including individuals with physical disabilities, older adults and cancer patients; and promising areas for additional investigation. Each chapter presents a summary of scientific advancements in the topic area as a foundation for future investigation. Fueled by a broad range of disciplines and interdisciplinary approaches, the field of exercise psychology is growing, and this comprehensive handbook will be the perfect resource for students, researchers, and physicians interested in exercise motivation and the mental health benefits of physical activity.

Advances in Sport Psychology

Author : Thelma S. Horn
Publisher : Human Kinetics
ISBN 13 : 9780736057356
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (573 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Sport Psychology by : Thelma S. Horn

Download or read book Advances in Sport Psychology written by Thelma S. Horn and published by Human Kinetics. This book was released on 2008 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition presents a thorough review of the literature and terminilogy in key topic areas. The clear explanation of potential research directions and the list of contributors make this a must-have book for students of sport psychology.

Youth sports: participation, trainability and readiness, 2.ª Edição

Author : Manuel J. Coelho e Silva
Publisher : Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra / Coimbra University Press
ISBN 13 : 9892611705
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Youth sports: participation, trainability and readiness, 2.ª Edição by : Manuel J. Coelho e Silva

Download or read book Youth sports: participation, trainability and readiness, 2.ª Edição written by Manuel J. Coelho e Silva and published by Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra / Coimbra University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-01 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Participation in sports is a major feature of daily living for children and adolescents in many countries of the world. Structures of organized programs vary within and among countries. Likewise, sport offerings and values attached to these sports vary with cultural context. Sport is also a primary source of physical activity for many children and adolescents, and is an arena in which personal and inter-personal values and behaviors are developed and nurtured. Key players in these important functions of sport are peers, coaches and parents. The volume is aimed primarily for students of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, coaches, trainers, parents and others involved in youth sport programs and in the preparation of young athletes . The content s have application to a variety of cultural contexts given the near universality of sport for youth throughout the world. The editors hope that the contributions which comprise this volume will serve to enhance the sport experiences of youth, minimize potential risks , and maximize potential benefits by educating adults who work with them in the context of sport. Robert M Malina This book addresses relevant issues within the scope of organized sports. Chapters are written by distinguished contributors with a comprehensive list of topics that under the coordination, the leadership and expertise of the editors, provided the scientific literature with an unique and in depth analysis of social, biological, cultural and related interactions. This book is published by the renowned University of Coimbra. The same University that only a short time ago began to offer a course in Physical Education and Sport under the intellectual and scientific leadership of Francisco Sobral Leal. His work in Portugal is both unique and pioneering. Here he has been able to be influential. This book, due to its quality and the nature of its topics, is thus a fine tribute to his work and culture of interaction. A tribute of science in the name of knowledge. Luis Bettencourt Sardinha