Outdoor Thermal Comfort In Urban Environment

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Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment

Author : Kevin Ka-Lun Lau
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811652457
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment by : Kevin Ka-Lun Lau

Download or read book Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment written by Kevin Ka-Lun Lau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the importance of outdoor thermal comfort for improving urban living quality in the context of urban planning and urban geometry design. It introduces readers to a range of assessment methods and applications of outdoor thermal comfort and addresses urban geometry and thermal environment at the neighbourhood scale using real-world examples and parametric studies. In addition, the subjective evaluations by urban dwellers and numerical modelling tools introduced in this book provide not only a comprehensive assessment of outdoor thermal comfort but also an integrated approach to using thermal comfort indicators as a standard in high-density cities. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for urban climate researchers, urban planners, and designers, and policymakers pursuing more liveable urban environments.

Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment

Author : Kevin Ka-Lun Lau
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811652462
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (524 download)

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Book Synopsis Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment by : Kevin Ka-Lun Lau

Download or read book Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment written by Kevin Ka-Lun Lau and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the importance of outdoor thermal comfort for improving urban living quality in the context of urban planning and urban geometry design. It introduces readers to a range of assessment methods and applications of outdoor thermal comfort and addresses urban geometry and thermal environment at the neighbourhood scale using real-world examples and parametric studies. In addition, the subjective evaluations by urban dwellers and numerical modelling tools introduced in this book provide not only a comprehensive assessment of outdoor thermal comfort but also an integrated approach to using thermal comfort indicators as a standard in high-density cities. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable guide for urban climate researchers, urban planners, and designers, and policymakers pursuing more liveable urban environments.

Standards for Thermal Comfort

Author : M. Humphreys
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135273502
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Standards for Thermal Comfort by : M. Humphreys

Download or read book Standards for Thermal Comfort written by M. Humphreys and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Standards for Indoor Air Temperature are inappropriate in many regions of the world. This forces designers to use highly serviced buildings to achieve air temperatures that accord with the standards to the detriment of the local and global environment. Standards for Thermal Comfort brings together contributions from around the world, reflecting new approaches to the setting of standards which can apply to all climates and cultures.

Urban Heat Stress and Mitigation Solutions

Author : Vincenzo Costanzo
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000431525
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Heat Stress and Mitigation Solutions by : Vincenzo Costanzo

Download or read book Urban Heat Stress and Mitigation Solutions written by Vincenzo Costanzo and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-09-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the reader with an understanding of the impact that different morphologies, construction materials and green coverage solutions have on the urban microclimate, thus affecting the comfort conditions of urban inhabitants and the energy needs of buildings in urban areas. The book covers the latest approaches to energy and outdoor comfort measurement and modelling on an urban scale, and describes possible measures and strategies to mitigate the effects of the mutual interaction between urban settlements and local microclimate. Despite its relevance, only limited literature is currently devoted to appraising—from an engineering perspective—the intertwining relationships between urban geometry and fabrics, energy fluxes between buildings and their surroundings, outdoor microclimate conditions and building energy demands in urban areas. This book fills this gap by first discussing the physical processes that govern heat and mass transfer at an urban scale, while emphasizing the role played by different spatial arrangements, manmade materials and green infrastructures on the outdoor microclimate. The first chapters also address the implications of these factors on the outdoor comfort conditions experienced by pedestrians, and on the buildings’ energy demand for space heating and cooling. Then, based upon cutting-edge experimental activities and simulation work, this book demonstrates current and forthcoming adaptation and mitigation strategies to improve the urban microclimate and its impact on the built environment, such as cool materials, thermochromic and retroreflective finishing materials, and green infrastructures applied either at a building scale or at the urban scale. The effect of these solutions is demonstrated for different cities worldwide under a range of climate conditions. Finally, the book opens a wider perspective by introducing the basic elements that allow fuel poverty, raw materials consumption, and the principles of circular economy in the definition of a resilient urban settlement.

Urban Climates

Author : T. R. Oke
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521849500
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Climates by : T. R. Oke

Download or read book Urban Climates written by T. R. Oke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates, suitable for students and researchers alike.

The Urban Climatic Map

Author : Edward Ng
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317510526
Total Pages : 543 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis The Urban Climatic Map by : Edward Ng

Download or read book The Urban Climatic Map written by Edward Ng and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-07 with total page 543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid urbanization, higher density and more compact cities have brought about a new science of urban climatology. An understanding of the mapping of this phenomenon is crucial for urban planners. The book brings together experts in the field of Urban Climatic Mapping to provide the state of the art understanding on how urban climatic knowledge can be made available and utilized by urban planners. The book contains the technology, methodology, and various focuses and approaches of urban climatic map making. It illustrates this understanding with examples and case studies from around the world, and it explains how urban climatic information can be analysed, interpreted and applied in urban planning. The book attempts to bridge the gap between the science of urban climatology and the practice of urban planning. It provides a useful one-stop reference for postgraduates, academics and urban climatologists wishing to better understand the needs for urban climatic knowledge in city planning; and urban planners and policy makers interested in applying the knowledge to design future sustainable cities and quality urban spaces.

Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design

Author : Baruch Givoni
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471291770
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design by : Baruch Givoni

Download or read book Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design written by Baruch Givoni and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-01-20 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design Baruch Givoni Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design is the most comprehensive, up-to-date reference available on building and urban climatology. Written in clear, common-sense language by Baruch Givoni, the leading authority in the field, this book is a far-reaching look at a variety of climatic influences and their effects on individuals, buildings, and communities. Aimed at architecture and urban planning professionals and students alike, Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design offers real-life solutions to climatological site planning and design issues, helping to settle disputes about site orientation, site organization, and the assembly of building materials. Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design is organized into three parts. The first, Building Climatology, analyzes human thermal comfort and the effect of architectural and structural design features including layout, window orientation, and shading, and ventilation conditions on the indoor climate. Then, Urban Climatology explores the ways in which the climate in densely built areas can differ from surrounding regional climactic conditions, for example, in temperature, wind speed, and humidity. This part further explores the effects of urban design elements, such as urban density and building height, on a city's outdoor climate. Finally, Building and Urban Design Guidelines applies the body of available research on building climatology and the effects of physical planning on the urban and indoor climates to suggest design guidelines for different regions--for example, hot-dry and hot-humid climates. Filled with lists, tables, and graphs for easy cross-referencing, as well as hundreds of visuals, Climate Considerations in Building and Urban Design offers readers the ability to perform a quick check of a proposed scheme against authoritative criteria. Mr. Givoni's latest volume is a unique, indispensable guide to the relationship between building design, urban planning, and climate.

Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation

Author : Napoleon Enteria
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9813340509
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation by : Napoleon Enteria

Download or read book Urban Heat Island (UHI) Mitigation written by Napoleon Enteria and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the concepts and technologies associated with the mitigation of urban heat islands (UHIs) that are applicable in hot and humid regions. It presents several city case studies on how UHIs can be reduced in various areas to provide readers, researchers, and policymakers with insights into the concepts and technologies that should be considered when planning and constructing urban centres and buildings. The rapid development of urban areas in hot and humid regions has led to an increase in urban temperatures, a decrease in ventilation in buildings, and a transformation of the once green outdoor environment into areas full of solar-energy-absorbing concrete and asphalt. This situation has increased the discomfort of people living in these areas regardless of whether they occupy concrete structures. This is because indoor and outdoor air quality have both suffered from urbanisation. The development of urban areas has also increased energy consumption so that the occupants of buildings can enjoy indoor thermal comfort and air quality that they need via air conditioning systems. This book offers solutions to the recent increase in the number of heat islands in hot and humid regions.

Urban Microclimate Modelling for Comfort and Energy Studies

Author : Massimo Palme
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030654214
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Microclimate Modelling for Comfort and Energy Studies by : Massimo Palme

Download or read book Urban Microclimate Modelling for Comfort and Energy Studies written by Massimo Palme and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-08 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses urban microclimate and heat-related risks in urban areas, brought on by the combination of global climate change effects and local modification of climate determined by extensive urbanization such as the ‘Urban heat island’ phenomenon. This matter is relevant to almost all urbanized areas in the world, where the increase of urban population and air temperature is expected to endanger both the overall health of the population and the energy supply for the functioning of urban systems. The book details the inter-relationship between urban morphology, microclimate and building energy performance and presents a multidisciplinary approach that brings together Urban Climatology, Engineering and Architectural knowledge to support the development of reliable models and tools for research and practice. This book is a useful tool for architects and building energy modelers, urban planners and geographers who need a practical guide to realize basic urban microclimate simulation for use in both academic research and planning practice.

Applications of the Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI in Biometeorology

Author : Eduardo L. Krüger
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030767167
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of the Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI in Biometeorology by : Eduardo L. Krüger

Download or read book Applications of the Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI in Biometeorology written by Eduardo L. Krüger and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-22 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) and summarizes progress in this area. The UTCI was developed as part of the European COST Action Program and first announced to the scientific community in 2009. Since then, a decade has followed of applicability tests and research results, as well as knowledge gained from applying the UTCI in human adaptation and thermal perception. These findings are of interest to researchers in the interdisciplinary areas of biometeorology, climatology and urban planning. The book summarizes this progress, discussing the limitations found and provides pointers to future developments. It also discusses UTCI applications in the areas of human biometeorology and urban planning including possibilities of using UTCI and similar indices in climate-responsive urban planning. The book’s message is illustrated with many case studies from the real world. Chapter 10 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Urban Microclimate

Author : Evyatar Erell
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1844074676
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Microclimate by : Evyatar Erell

Download or read book Urban Microclimate written by Evyatar Erell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title provides architects and urban design professionals with an understanding of how the structure of built spaces at all scales affects microclimatic conditions in the space between buildings and analyses the interaction between microclimate and each element of the urban landscape.

The Urban Forest

Author : David Pearlmutter
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319502808
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis The Urban Forest by : David Pearlmutter

Download or read book The Urban Forest written by David Pearlmutter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on urban "green infrastructure" – the interconnected web of vegetated spaces like street trees, parks and peri-urban forests that provide essential ecosystem services in cities. The green infrastructure approach embodies the idea that these services, such as storm-water runoff control, pollutant filtration and amenities for outdoor recreation, are just as vital for a modern city as those provided by any other type of infrastructure. Ensuring that these ecosystem services are indeed delivered in an equitable and sustainable way requires knowledge of the physical attributes of trees and urban green spaces, tools for coping with the complex social and cultural dynamics, and an understanding of how these factors can be integrated in better governance practices. By conveying the findings and recommendations of COST Action FP1204 GreenInUrbs, this volume summarizes the collaborative efforts of researchers and practitioners from across Europe to address these challenges.

Applied Urban Ecology

Author : Matthias Richter
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1444345001
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Urban Ecology by : Matthias Richter

Download or read book Applied Urban Ecology written by Matthias Richter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Urban Ecology: A Global Framework explores ways in which the environmental quality of urban areas can be improved starting with existing environmental conditions and their dynamics. Written by an internationally renowned selection of scientists and practitioners, the book covers a broad range of established and novel approaches to applied urban ecology. Approaches chosen for the book are placed in the context of issues such as climate change, green- and open-space development, flood-risk assessment, threats to urban biodiversity, and increasing environmental pollution (especially in the “megacities” of newly industrialized countries). All topics covered were chosen because they are socially and socio-politically relevant today. Further topics covered include sustainable energy and budget management, urban water resource management, urban land management, and urban landscape planning and design. Throughout the book, concepts and methods are illustrated using case studies from around the world. A closing synopsis draws conclusions on how the findings of urban ecological research can be used in strategic urban management in the future. Applied Urban Ecology: A Global Framework is an advanced textbook for students, researchers and experienced practitioners in urban ecology and urban environmental research, planning, and practice.

Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Principles and Practice

Author : Fergus Nicol
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136336478
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Principles and Practice by : Fergus Nicol

Download or read book Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Principles and Practice written by Fergus Nicol and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental function of buildings is to provide safe and healthy shelter. For the fortunate they also provide comfort and delight. In the twentieth century comfort became a 'product' produced by machines and run on cheap energy. In a world where fossil fuels are becoming ever scarcer and more expensive, and the climate more extreme, the challenge of designing comfortable buildings today requires a new approach. This timely book is the first in a trilogy from leaders in the field which will provide just that. It explains, in a clear and comprehensible manner, how we stay comfortable by using our bodies, minds, buildings and their systems to adapt to indoor and outdoor conditions which change with the weather and the climate. The book is in two sections. The first introduces the principles on which the theory of adaptive thermal comfort is based. The second explains how to use field studies to measure thermal comfort in practice and to analyze the data gathered. Architects have gradually passed responsibility for building performance to service engineers who are largely trained to see comfort as the ‘product’, designed using simplistic comfort models. The result has contributed to a shift to buildings that use ever more energy. A growing international consensus now calls for low-energy buildings. This means designers must first produce robust, passive structures that provide occupants with many opportunities to make changes to suit their environmental needs. Ventilation using free, natural energy should be preferred and mechanical conditioning only used when the climate demands it. This book outlines the theory of adaptive thermal comfort that is essential to understand and inform such building designs. This book should be required reading for all students, teachers and practitioners of architecture, building engineering and management – for all who have a role in producing, and occupying, twenty-first century adaptive, low-carbon, comfortable buildings.

Energy and Climate in the Urban Built Environment

Author : M. Santamouris
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113425797X
Total Pages : 627 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis Energy and Climate in the Urban Built Environment by : M. Santamouris

Download or read book Energy and Climate in the Urban Built Environment written by M. Santamouris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Both the number and percentage of people living in urban areas is growing rapidly. Up to half of the world's population is expected to be living in a city by the end of the century and there are over 170 cities in the world with populations over a million. Cities have a huge impact on the local climate and require vast quantities of energy to keep them functioning. The urban environment in turn has a big impact on the performance and needs of buildings. The size, scale and mechanism of these interactions is poorly understood and strategies to mitigate them are rarely implemented. This is the first comprehensive book to address these questions. It arises out of a programme of work (POLISTUDIES) carried out for the Save programme of the European Commission. Chapters describe not only the main problems encountered such as the heat island and canyon effects, but also a range of design solutions that can be adopted both to improve the energy performance and indoor air quality of individual buildings and to look at aspects of urban design that can reduce these climatic effects. The book concludes with some examples of innovative urban bioclimatic buildings. The project was co-ordinated by Professor Mat Santamouris from the University of Athens who is also the editor of the book. Other contributions are from the University of Thessaloniki, Greece, ENTPE, Lyons, France and the University of Stuttgart, Germany.

Tropical Climatology

Author : Glenn R. McGregor
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Tropical Climatology by : Glenn R. McGregor

Download or read book Tropical Climatology written by Glenn R. McGregor and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-04-22 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical Climatology Second Edition Glenn R. McGregor, The University of Birmingham, UK Simon Nieuwolt (deceased) Formerly Adjunct Professor, University of Guelph, Canada Climatology, the scientific study of climate, is not only concerned with explaining why a location's or region's climate is like it is but also with describing the nature and availability of the climate resource for a wide range of human activities. This subject is of great relevance to the tropics as climate in many ways controls the lives and economic activities of the approximately 2400 million people living in tropical regions. Tropical climates also have effects that reach far beyond the limits of the regions where they actually prevail: the global general circulation is largely driven by the export of considerable amounts of heat energy from tropical to extratropical latitudes: a large part of all atmospheric water content originates from the tropics, and intermittent tropical phenomena, like El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO), not only influence the climates over extensive tropical areas but many parts of the extratropics. The climate sensitivity of populations and economic production in the tropics also makes these regions especially vulnerable to any negative impacts arising from human-induced climate change. Tropical Climatology aims to provide a geographical viewpoint on the physical processes in the tropical atmosphere: to offer explanations of how a location's climate is a product of these processes and to highlight the implications of tropical atmospheric behaviour and climate change for those living in the tropics. This is the second edition of the book and reflects the substantial developments in the field of tropical climatology which have taken place over the two decades since the publication of the first edition. New and updated material has been included on the nature of the general tropical circulation, the monsoons, the quasi-biennial oscillation, the 40-50 day tropical circulation, the El Nino Southern Oscillation phenomenon and its climatic impacts, tropical disturbances, the characteristics of regional tropical climates and climate change in the tropics. The readership of the book remains essentially the same as that for which the first edition was intended; second to third year students in geography and the environmental sciences who have some background in climatology. The updated reference list will, however, provide an entry point for non-specialist postgraduates into the field of tropical climatology.

Human Thermal Environments

Author : Ken Parsons
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420025244
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Thermal Environments by : Ken Parsons

Download or read book Human Thermal Environments written by Ken Parsons and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-03-22 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our responses to our thermal environment have a considerable effect on our performance and behavior, not least in the realm of work. There has been considerable scientific investigation of these responses and formal methods have been developed for environmental evaluation and design. In recent years these have been developed to the extent that detailed national and international standards of practice have now become feasible. This new edition of Ken Parson's definitive text brings us back up to date. He covers hot, moderate and cold environments, and defines these in terms of six basic parameters: air temperature, radiate temperature, humidity, air velocity, clothing worn, and the person's activity. There is a focus on the principles and practice of human response, which incorporates psychology, physiology and environmental physics with applied ergonomics. Water requirements, computer modeling and computer-aided design are brought in, as are current standards. Special populations, such as the aged or disabled and specialist environments such as those found in vehicles are also considered. This book continues to be the standard text for the design of environments for humans to live and work safely, comfortably and effectively, and for the design of materials which help the same people cope with their environments.