Organism And The Origins Of Self

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Organism and the Origins of Self

Author : A.I. Tauber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401134065
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Organism and the Origins of Self by : A.I. Tauber

Download or read book Organism and the Origins of Self written by A.I. Tauber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "De la vaporisation et de la centralisation du Moi. Tout est la. " Charles Baudelaire (journal entry) This anthology is my visit to Oz. On sabbatical in 1988, I chose to reeducate myself in general biology, first broadening my erudition as an immunologist, and then extending that horizon into evolutionary biology and embryology. I was particularly attracted to reflections on the nature of the self as an organ ismic concept. I went in search of reorientation as a confused physician scientist, and came back with this book. Baum's Wizard of Oz presented opportunities for growth, and herein lies the purpose of this volume: in providing updated statements concerning the nature of the organism from both scientific and metaphysical perspectives, we might ponder the philo sophical basis of our research in the hope of gaining insight into our endeavor, not to mention the possibility of its enrichment; it is this contem plative view of our research which offers a unique dimension to this anthology. To that end, the project follows my idiosyncratic prejudices. The anthology derives in large measure from the symposium, "Organism and the Origin of Self' held at Boston University, April 3-4, 1990, under the auspices of the Boston University Center for the Philosophy and History of Science, with generous support of Robert Cohen and Jon Westling, and the organizational skills of Deborah Wilkes. The Symposium presented three ver sions of the Self from the vantages of embryology, evolution and medicine.

Organism and the Origins of Self

Author : A. I. Tauber
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789401134071
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Organism and the Origins of Self by : A. I. Tauber

Download or read book Organism and the Origins of Self written by A. I. Tauber and published by . This book was released on 1991-10-31 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Origins of Self

Author : Martin P. J. Edwardes
Publisher : UCL Press
ISBN 13 : 1787356302
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Self by : Martin P. J. Edwardes

Download or read book The Origins of Self written by Martin P. J. Edwardes and published by UCL Press. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Origins of Self explores the role that selfhood plays in defining human society, and each human individual in that society. It considers the genetic and cultural origins of self, the role that self plays in socialisation and language, and the types of self we generate in our individual journeys to and through adulthood. Edwardes argues that other awareness is a relatively early evolutionary development, present throughout the primate clade and perhaps beyond, but self-awareness is a product of the sharing of social models, something only humans appear to do. The self of which we are aware is not something innate within us, it is a model of our self produced as a response to the models of us offered to us by other people. Edwardes proposes that human construction of selfhood involves seven different types of self. All but one of them are internally generated models, and the only non-model, the actual self, is completely hidden from conscious awareness. We rely on others to tell us about our self, and even to let us know we are a self.

The Origins of Self

Author : Stephen J Brewer
Publisher : Stephen J Brewer
ISBN 13 : 1484080939
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Self by : Stephen J Brewer

Download or read book The Origins of Self written by Stephen J Brewer and published by Stephen J Brewer. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “I will show you fear in a handful of dust” (T. S. Eliot: The Wasteland) How can dust and water become a conscious living person capable of fear? The way these elements are transformed into life is sketched out, but it's our conscious minds, our intensity of being in a flood of emotions; this is the big problem that science has so far failed to explain. Freya, a biologist, is dissatisfied with the way evolution has no explanation for her own self. Instead, science treats people as robots with any self-awareness considered an illusion. In this way, it destroys our humanity. Max explains that given the chemical basis of life, this is the only possible conclusion. On the brink of accepting this unpalatable fact, she meets with Orin. Together they explore the unthinkable, that the basis of consciousness and self is present in the underlying operations of the universe. These skillfully constructed dialogues explain how the process philosophy of Alfred North Whitehead and panpsychism (primordial universal consciousness) can explain the evolution of not only bodies but also of life, self and consciousness.

Minimal Selfhood and the Origins of Consciousness

Author : Rupert Glasgow
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3958260780
Total Pages : 262 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (582 download)

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Book Synopsis Minimal Selfhood and the Origins of Consciousness by : Rupert Glasgow

Download or read book Minimal Selfhood and the Origins of Consciousness written by Rupert Glasgow and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-07-10 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Minimal Selfhood and the Origins of Consciousness, R.D.V. Glasgow seeks to ground the logical roots of consciousness in what he has previously called the 'minimal self'. The idea is that elementary forms of consciousness are logically dependent not, as is commonly assumed, on ownership of an anatomical brain or nervous system, but on the intrinsic reflexivity that defines minimal selfhood. The aim of the book is to trace the logical pathway by which minimal selfhood gives rise to the possible appearance of consciousness. It is argued that in specific circumstances it thus makes sense to ascribe elementary consciousness to certain predatory single-celled organisms such as amoebae and dinoflagellates as well as to some of the simpler animals. Such an argument involves establishing exactly what those specific circumstances are and determining how elementary consciousness differs in nature and scope from its more complex manifestations.

Evolution's Wedge

Author : David Pfennig
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520954041
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Evolution's Wedge by : David Pfennig

Download or read book Evolution's Wedge written by David Pfennig and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-10-25 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolutionary biology has long sought to explain how new traits and new species arise. Darwin maintained that competition is key to understanding this biodiversity and held that selection acting to minimize competition causes competitors to become increasingly different, thereby promoting new traits and new species. Despite Darwin’s emphasis, competition’s role in diversification remains controversial and largely underappreciated. In their synthetic and provocative book, evolutionary ecologists David and Karin Pfennig explore competition's role in generating and maintaining biodiversity. The authors discuss how selection can lessen resource competition or costly reproductive interactions by promoting trait evolution through a process known as character displacement. They further describe character displacement’s underlying genetic and developmental mechanisms. The authors then consider character displacement’s myriad downstream effects, ranging from shaping ecological communities to promoting new traits and new species and even fueling large-scale evolutionary trends. Drawing on numerous studies from natural populations, and written for a broad audience, Evolution’s Wedge seeks to inspire future research into character displacement’s many implications for ecology and evolution.

The Limits of the Self

Author : Thomas Pradeu
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0199775281
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis The Limits of the Self by : Thomas Pradeu

Download or read book The Limits of the Self written by Thomas Pradeu and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-02-27 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immunology asserts that an individual can be defined through self and nonself. Thomas Pradeu argues that this theory is inadequate, because immune responses to self constituents and immune tolerance of foreign entities are the rule, not the exception.

The Origin of Individuals

Author : Jean-Jacques Kupiec
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9812833684
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (128 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origin of Individuals by : Jean-Jacques Kupiec

Download or read book The Origin of Individuals written by Jean-Jacques Kupiec and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2009 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 17th century, Descartes put forth the metaphor of the machine to explain the functioning of living beings. In the 18th century, La Mettrie extended the metaphor to man. The clock was then used as the paradigm of the machine. In the 20th century, this metaphor still held but the clock was replaced by a computer. Nowadays, the organism is viewed as a robot obeying signals emanating from a computer program controlled by genetic information. This book shows that such a conception leads to contradictions not only in the theory of biology but also in its experimental research program, thereby impeding its development. The analysis of this problem is based on the most recent experimental data obtained in molecular biology as well as the history and philosophy of biology. It shows that the machine theory did not succeed in breaking with Aristotle''s finalism. The book presents a new approach to biological systems based on cellular Darwinism. Genes are ruled by probabilistic mechanisms allowing cells to differentiate stochastically. Embryo development is not governed by a determinist genetic program but by natural selection occurring among cell populations inside the organism. This theory has considerable philosophical consequences. Man may be a machine but he is a random one.

The Selfish Gene

Author : Richard Dawkins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780192860927
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (69 download)

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Book Synopsis The Selfish Gene by : Richard Dawkins

Download or read book The Selfish Gene written by Richard Dawkins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1989 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science need not be dull and bogged down by jargon, as Richard Dawkins proves in this entertaining look at evolution. The themes he takes up are the concepts of altruistic and selfish behaviour; the genetical definition of selfish interest; the evolution of aggressive behaviour; kinshiptheory; sex ratio theory; reciprocal altruism; deceit; and the natural selection of sex differences. 'Should be read, can be read by almost anyone. It describes with great skill a new face of the theory of evolution.' W.D. Hamilton, Science

Organism

Author :
Publisher : PediaPress
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Organism by :

Download or read book Organism written by and published by PediaPress. This book was released on with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Francisco J. Varela 1946-2001

Author : Jeanette Bopry
Publisher : Imprint Academic
ISBN 13 : 9780907845928
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis Francisco J. Varela 1946-2001 by : Jeanette Bopry

Download or read book Francisco J. Varela 1946-2001 written by Jeanette Bopry and published by Imprint Academic. This book was released on 2004 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A volume dedicated to the life and work of Francisco Varela, this is an issue of the journal "Cybernetics and Human Knowing".

Darwin's Doubt

Author : Stephen C. Meyer
Publisher : Harper Collins
ISBN 13 : 0062071491
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Darwin's Doubt by : Stephen C. Meyer

Download or read book Darwin's Doubt written by Stephen C. Meyer and published by Harper Collins. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Charles Darwin finished The Origin of Species, he thought that he had explained every clue, but one. Though his theory could explain many facts, Darwin knew that there was a significant event in the history of life that his theory did not explain. During this event, the “Cambrian explosion,” many animals suddenly appeared in the fossil record without apparent ancestors in earlier layers of rock. In Darwin’s Doubt, Stephen C. Meyer tells the story of the mystery surrounding this explosion of animal life—a mystery that has intensified, not only because the expected ancestors of these animals have not been found, but because scientists have learned more about what it takes to construct an animal. During the last half century, biologists have come to appreciate the central importance of biological information—stored in DNA and elsewhere in cells—to building animal forms. Expanding on the compelling case he presented in his last book, Signature in the Cell, Meyer argues that the origin of this information, as well as other mysterious features of the Cambrian event, are best explained by intelligent design, rather than purely undirected evolutionary processes.

The Origins of Life

Author : John Maynard Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019286209X
Total Pages : 191 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Life by : John Maynard Smith

Download or read book The Origins of Life written by John Maynard Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents, for the general readership, the novel picture of evolution proposed in the 1995 book, The major transitions in evolution.

From Cells to Organisms

Author : Sherrie L. Lyons
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1442635096
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis From Cells to Organisms by : Sherrie L. Lyons

Download or read book From Cells to Organisms written by Sherrie L. Lyons and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses the history of cell theory to explore the emergence of biology as a distinct field in its own right--separate from anatomy, physiology, and natural history. It also explores nineteenth- and twentieth-century ideas about heredity and development and the progress that was made at the turn of the century when they began to be studied on their own--leading to new understandings of a variety of biological problems, from evolution to cancer. Investigating this story will help readers gain an appreciation of the historical development of scientific ideas. It beautifully illustrates that the process of science is not as straightforward as it is usually portrayed. One of the important lessons of this intriguing story is that "facts" do not necessarily speak for themselves, and observations always need to be interpreted.

The Origins of Order

Author : Stuart A. Kauffman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199826674
Total Pages : 734 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis The Origins of Order by : Stuart A. Kauffman

Download or read book The Origins of Order written by Stuart A. Kauffman and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1993-06-10 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stuart Kauffman here presents a brilliant new paradigm for evolutionary biology, one that extends the basic concepts of Darwinian evolution to accommodate recent findings and perspectives from the fields of biology, physics, chemistry and mathematics. The book drives to the heart of the exciting debate on the origins of life and maintenance of order in complex biological systems. It focuses on the concept of self-organization: the spontaneous emergence of order that is widely observed throughout nature Kauffman argues that self-organization plays an important role in the Darwinian process of natural selection. Yet until now no systematic effort has been made to incorporate the concept of self-organization into evolutionary theory. The construction requirements which permit complex systems to adapt are poorly understood, as is the extent to which selection itself can yield systems able to adapt more successfully. This book explores these themes. It shows how complex systems, contrary to expectations, can spontaneously exhibit stunning degrees of order, and how this order, in turn, is essential for understanding the emergence and development of life on Earth. Topics include the new biotechnology of applied molecular evolution, with its important implications for developing new drugs and vaccines; the balance between order and chaos observed in many naturally occurring systems; new insights concerning the predictive power of statistical mechanics in biology; and other major issues. Indeed, the approaches investigated here may prove to be the new center around which biological science itself will evolve. The work is written for all those interested in the cutting edge of research in the life sciences.

The Missing Link in Cognition

Author : Herbert S. Terrace
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195347609
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Missing Link in Cognition by : Herbert S. Terrace

Download or read book The Missing Link in Cognition written by Herbert S. Terrace and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-01-20 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are humans unique in having self-reflective consciousness? Or can precursors to this central form of human consciousness be found in non-human species? The Missing Link in Cognition brings together a diverse group of researchers who have been investigating this question from a variety of perspectives, including the extent to which non-human primates, and, indeed, young children, have consciousness, a sense of self, thought process, metacognitions, and representations. Some of the participants--Kitcher, Higgins, Nelson, and Tulving--argue that these types of cognitive abilities are uniquely human, whereas others--Call, Hampton, Kinsbourne, Menzel, Metcalfe, Schwartz, Smith, and Terrace--are convinced that at least the precursors to self-reflective consciousness exist in non-human primates. Their debate focuses primarily on the underpinnings of consciousness. Some of the participants believe that consciousness depends on representational thought and on the mental manipulation of such representations. Is representational thought enough to ensure consciousness, or does one need more? If one needs more, exactly what is needed? Is reflection upon the representations, that is, metacognition, the link? Does a realization of the contingencies, that is, "knowing that," in Gilbert Ryle's terminology, ensure that a person or an animal is conscious? Is true episodic memory needed for consciousness, and if so, do any animals have it? Is it possible to have episodic memory or, indeed, any self-reflective processing, without language? Other participants believe that consciousness is inextricably intertwined with a sense of self or self-awareness. From where does this sense of self or self-awareness arise? Some of the participants believe that it develops only through the use of language and the narrative form. If it does develop in this way, what about claims of a sense of self or self-awareness in non-human animals? Others believe that the autobiographical record implied by episodic memory is fundamental. To what extent must non-human animals have the linguistic, metacognitive, and/or representational abilities to develop a sense of self or self-awareness? These and other related concerns are crucial in this volume's lively debate over the nature of the missing cognitive link, and whether gorillas, chimps, or other species might be more like humans than many have supposed.

The Emergence of Life

Author : Pier Luigi Luisi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139455648
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emergence of Life by : Pier Luigi Luisi

Download or read book The Emergence of Life written by Pier Luigi Luisi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-07-13 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origin of life from inanimate matter has been the focus of much research for decades, both experimentally and philosophically. Luisi takes the reader through the consecutive stages from prebiotic chemistry to synthetic biology, uniquely combining both approaches. This book presents a systematic course discussing the successive stages of self-organisation, emergence, self-replication, autopoiesis, synthetic compartments and construction of cellular models, in order to demonstrate the spontaneous increase in complexity from inanimate matter to the first cellular life forms. A chapter is dedicated to each of these steps, using a number of synthetic and biological examples. With end-of-chapter review questions to aid reader comprehension, this book will appeal to graduate students and academics researching the origin of life and related areas such as evolutionary biology, biochemistry, molecular biology, biophysics and natural sciences.