Optimal Taxation with Costly Enforcement and Evasion

Download Optimal Taxation with Costly Enforcement and Evasion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Optimal Taxation with Costly Enforcement and Evasion by : Louis Kaplow

Download or read book Optimal Taxation with Costly Enforcement and Evasion written by Louis Kaplow and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the relationship between optimal taxation -- where the literature considers raising revenue with minimum distortion -- and optimal tax enforcement where much of the literature emphasizes raising revenue at the least cost. A central question concerns the extent to which revenue should be raised through higher tax rates, which distort behavior, or greater enforcement, which distorts behavior because it raises marginal effective tax rates and also entails direct resource costs. It is demonstrated that, under each of several assumptions about evasion and enforcement, some expenditure on enforcement is optimal despite its resource cost, its distortionary effect, and the availability of other revenue sources having no enforcement costs. Rules for optimal tax rates and enforcement expenditures are derived, which also indicate the marginal cost of government funds and optimal enforcement priorities for a tax collection agency.

Optimal Taxes and Penalties When the Government Cannot Commit to Its Audit Policy

Download Optimal Taxes and Penalties When the Government Cannot Commit to Its Audit Policy PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Optimal Taxes and Penalties When the Government Cannot Commit to Its Audit Policy by : Leandro Arozamena

Download or read book Optimal Taxes and Penalties When the Government Cannot Commit to Its Audit Policy written by Leandro Arozamena and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a two-period model, with a utilitarian government and a continuum of taxpayers. In the first period, the government designs the tax law, which comprises taxes and fines to impose on evaders. Contrary to the previous literature on optimal tax-enforcement policies, the government cannot commit to any future audit policy. In the second period, evasion and costly enforcement take place. Taxpayers report their income to the government. Then, the government decides whether to audit each report or not. If a misreport is detected, evaders are penalized; otherwise, taxpayers pay their due tax.We obtain the optimal tax law by solving the model backwards. In the second period, the dynamic inspection game has, depending on parameter values and first-period choices, either (i) a pure strategy equilibrium, with full evasion; or (ii) a mixed strategy equilibrium, with partial evasion and random auditing. Next, we move back to the first period, where we completely characterize the tax law that maximizes expected social welfare. The main results of the paper are the following. First, the characterization of the optimal tax law crucially depends upon the existence of honest taxpayers. Second, in the partial evasion regime, the tax monotonically decreases with the audit cost whereas, in the full evasion regime, the tax weakly increases with the audit cost. Third, for some parameter values, it may be optimal for the government to impose no fines for evaders as a way to commit not to audit. Finally, we show that, when some individuals are honest, expected social welfare is non-monotonic in the audit cost. We illustrate these results with a numerical example.

Optimal Tax Administration

Download Optimal Tax Administration PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1475570260
Total Pages : 27 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (755 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Optimal Tax Administration by : Mr.Michael Keen

Download or read book Optimal Tax Administration written by Mr.Michael Keen and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-20 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper sets out a framework for analyzing optimal interventions by a tax administration, one that parallels and can be closely integrated with established frameworks for thinking about optimal tax policy. Its key contribution is the development of a summary measure of the impact of administrative interventions—the “enforcement elasticity of tax revenue”—that is a sufficient statistic for the behavioral response to such interventions, much as the elasticity of taxable income serves as a sufficient statistic for the response to tax rates. Amongst the applications are characterizations of the optimal balance between policy and administrative measures, and of the optimal compliance gap.

Why People Pay Taxes

Download Why People Pay Taxes PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780472103386
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Why People Pay Taxes by : Joel Slemrod

Download or read book Why People Pay Taxes written by Joel Slemrod and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts discuss strategies for curtailing tax evasion

Public Inputs, Tax Collection Costs and Fiscal Constraints

Download Public Inputs, Tax Collection Costs and Fiscal Constraints PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Public Inputs, Tax Collection Costs and Fiscal Constraints by : Omar O. Chisari

Download or read book Public Inputs, Tax Collection Costs and Fiscal Constraints written by Omar O. Chisari and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Tax Aversion, Optimal Tax Rates, and Indexation

Download Tax Aversion, Optimal Tax Rates, and Indexation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tax Aversion, Optimal Tax Rates, and Indexation by : Roger N. Waud

Download or read book Tax Aversion, Optimal Tax Rates, and Indexation written by Roger N. Waud and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking account of the costs of tax evasion and avoidance activity together with the government's costs of tax enforcement it is shown that the optimal point on a stylized Laffer curve is located on the positively sloped region, not at the maximum point of the, curve. The analysis eschews the usual supply-side-type rationale for the Laffer curve and shows that such a curve can arise solely as a consequence of the optimizing tax aversion activity of a utility maximizing economic agent. The analysis further implies that indexation to inflation may be warranted by considerations of economic efficiency.

Costly Returns

Download Costly Returns PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Costly Returns by : James L. Payne

Download or read book Costly Returns written by James L. Payne and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because every nominal dollar of tax revenue really costs taxpayers $1.65, many of us who are supposed beneficiaries of federal programs are unknowingly engaged in what Payne identifies as self-subsidy - we are in fact paying in more than we get back, subsidizing the very help the government "gives" us. Moreover, while it is imposing hidden monetary burdens, the tax system is literally driving people crazy. Costly Returns recounts the sometimes extreme anxiety and stress suffered by citizens forced to endure the arbitrariness, invasion of privacy, denial of civil rights, and other abuses of a coercive tax system. Why has the tax system become so burdensome? The answer lies in the strangely biased policy-making climate in Washington, where tax officials dominate the debates on tax regulations and where the taxpayer point of view is seldom heard. Payne recommends a novel way to correct this imbalance: Require the IRS to compensate taxpayers for the private sector costs it forces on them.

International Economic Integration and Domestic Performance

Download International Economic Integration and Domestic Performance PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9813141093
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis International Economic Integration and Domestic Performance by : Mary E Lovely

Download or read book International Economic Integration and Domestic Performance written by Mary E Lovely and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Economic Integration and Domestic Performance brings together the essays of Mary E Lovely focused on the relationship between international economic integration and domestic performance. It is a collection of sole-authored and co-authored papers that have been published in various scholarly journals over the last two decades. The first section considers the welfare effects and optimal design of retail sales taxes when consumers can avoid taxation by crossing jurisdictional boundaries. The second section highlights the role of scale economies in the design of industrial policies and as a determinant of firm location. The third section explores the influence of environmental policy on foreign investor's location decisions and the role of trade and technology on country's environmental regulation. The final section considers the determinants of wage differences, the attraction of low wages for foreign investors, and misallocations of labor in an emerging economy — China. The collection, taken as a whole, highlights the power of international factor mobility to determine domestic tax burdens, to influence welfare implications of domestic policy alternatives, and to influence the location of productive factors and their rewards.

The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds

Download The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451954549
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds by : Mr.Joel Slemrod

Download or read book The Costs of Taxation and the Marginal Cost of Funds written by Mr.Joel Slemrod and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-08-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is argued that taxation causes three kinds of deadweight losses and two types of direct costs. The deadweight losses arise from substitution, evasion, and avoidance activities while the direct costs are administrative and compliance costs. Some of these social costs tend to be discontinuous and/or nonconvex. Because most models of taxation ignore some components of the social costs of taxation, their conclusions cannot be of a general nature. An alternative approach to policy evaluation is to rely on a marginal efficiency cost of funds rule which can indicate appropriate directions of reforms. The paper discusses its merits, applicability, and limitations, as well as its relationship to other concepts.

Tax Systems

Download Tax Systems PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262319012
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tax Systems by : Joel Slemrod

Download or read book Tax Systems written by Joel Slemrod and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An approach to taxation that goes beyond an emphasis on tax rates to consider such aspects as administration, compliance, and remittance. Despite its theoretical elegance, the standard optimal tax model has significant limitations. In this book, Joel Slemrod and Christian Gillitzer argue that tax analysis must move beyond the emphasis on optimal tax rates and bases to consider such aspects of taxation as administration, compliance, and remittance. Slemrod and Gillitzer explore what they term a tax-systems approach, which takes tax evasion seriously; revisits the issue of remittance, or who writes the check to cover tax liability (employer or employee, retailer or consumer); incorporates administrative and compliance costs; recognizes a range of behavioral responses to tax rates; considers nonstandard instruments, including tax base breadth and enforcement effort; and acknowledges that tighter enforcement is sometimes a more socially desirable way to raise revenue than an increase in statutory tax rates. Policy makers, Slemrod and Gillitzer argue, would be well advised to recognize the interrelationship of tax rates, bases, enforcement, and administration, and acknowledge that tax policy is really tax-systems policy.

Tax Morale What Drives People and Businesses to Pay Tax?

Download Tax Morale What Drives People and Businesses to Pay Tax? PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264755020
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (647 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Tax Morale What Drives People and Businesses to Pay Tax? by : OECD

Download or read book Tax Morale What Drives People and Businesses to Pay Tax? written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-11 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlocking what drives tax morale – the intrinsic willingness to pay tax – can greatly assist governments in the design of tax policies and their administration, particularly in developing countries where compliance rates are low. This report builds on previous OECD research to identify some of the key socio-economic and institutional drivers of tax morale across developing countries, and seeks to test for evidence of the social contract by examining the impact of public services on tax morale. It also uses new data on tax certainty as an entry point to explore tax morale in businesses, where existing research is very limited. Finally, the report identifies a range of factors related to the tax system that may affect business decision making, how they vary across regions, and suggests some areas for future research. Overall, the report provides a range of suggestions for further work, and how tax morale considerations can be integrated into holistic tax compliance strategies.

A Primeron Tax Evasion

Download A Primeron Tax Evasion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451921535
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis A Primeron Tax Evasion by : Mr.Parthasarathi Shome

Download or read book A Primeron Tax Evasion written by Mr.Parthasarathi Shome and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1993-03-01 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax evasion is universal. It depends on the economic and tax structures, types of income, and social attitudes. The theory of tax evasion has limitations since it depends solely on the attitude toward risk with full information regarding the tax administration’s behavior. Methodologies for estimating tax evasion include predominantly estimating the underground economy, and comparing taxes declared with potential tax revenue calculated from national accounts. Actions in addressing tax evasion include use of withholding, presumptive and minimum taxes, selective auditing, penalties, and cross checks between taxes.

Law and Social Norms

Download Law and Social Norms PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780674042308
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (423 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Law and Social Norms by : Eric Posner

Download or read book Law and Social Norms written by Eric Posner and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of law in a society in which order is maintained mostly through social norms, trust, and nonlegal sanctions? Eric Posner argues that social norms are sometimes desirable yet sometimes odious, and that the law is critical to enhancing good social norms and undermining bad ones. But he also argues that the proper regulation of social norms is a delicate and complex task, and that current understanding of social norms is inadequate for guiding judges and lawmakers. What is needed, and what this book offers, is a model of the relationship between law and social norms. The model shows that people's concern with establishing cooperative relationships leads them to engage in certain kinds of imitative behavior. The resulting behavioral patterns are called social norms. Posner applies the model to several areas of law that involve the regulation of social norms, including laws governing gift-giving and nonprofit organizations; family law; criminal law; laws governing speech, voting, and discrimination; and contract law. Among the engaging questions posed are: Would the legalization of gay marriage harm traditional married couples? Is it beneficial to shame criminals? Why should the law reward those who make charitable contributions? Would people vote more if non-voters were penalized? The author approaches these questions using the tools of game theory, but his arguments are simply stated and make no technical demands on the reader.

Optimal Redistributive Taxation

Download Optimal Redistributive Taxation PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0191067741
Total Pages : 631 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Optimal Redistributive Taxation by : Matti Tuomala

Download or read book Optimal Redistributive Taxation written by Matti Tuomala and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-21 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax systems raise large amounts of revenue for funding public sector's activities, and tax/transfer policy, together with public provision of education, health care, and social services, play a crucial role in treating the symptoms and the causes of poverty. The normative analysis is crucial for tax/transfer design because it makes it possible to assess separately how changes in the redistributive criterion of the government, and changes in the size of the behavioural responses to taxes and transfers, affect the optimal tax/transfer system. Optimal tax theory provides a way of thinking rigorously about these trade-offs. Written primarily for graduate students and researchers, this volume is intended as a textbook and research monograph, connecting optimal tax theory to tax policy. It comments on some policy recommendations of the Mirrlees Review, and builds on the authors work on public economics, optimal tax theory, behavioural public economics, and income inequality. The book explains in depth the Mirrlees model and presents various extensions of it. The first set of extensions considers changing the preferences for consumption and work: behavioural-economic modifications (such as positional externalities, prospect theory, paternalism, myopic behaviour and habit formation) but also heterogeneous work preferences (besides differences in earnings ability). The second set of modifications concerns the objective of the government. The book explains the differences in optimal redistributive tax systems when governments - instead of maximising social welfare - minimise poverty or maximise social welfare based on rank order or charitable conservatism social welfare functions. The third set of extensions considers extending the Mirrlees income tax framework to allow for differential commodity taxes, capital income taxation, public goods provision, public provision of private goods, and taxation commodities that generate externalities. The fourth set of extensions considers incorporating a number of important real-word extensions such as tagging of tax schedules to certain groups of tax payers. In all extensions, the book illustrates the main mechanisms using advanced numerical simulations.

The Hidden Wealth of Nations

Download The Hidden Wealth of Nations PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022624556X
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (262 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Hidden Wealth of Nations by : Gabriel Zucman

Download or read book The Hidden Wealth of Nations written by Gabriel Zucman and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2015-09-22 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are well aware of the rise of the 1% as the rapid growth of economic inequality has put the majority of the world’s wealth in the pockets of fewer and fewer. One much-discussed solution to this imbalance is to significantly increase the rate at which we tax the wealthy. But with an enormous amount of the world’s wealth hidden in tax havens—in countries like Switzerland, Luxembourg, and the Cayman Islands—this wealth cannot be fully accounted for and taxed fairly. No one, from economists to bankers to politicians, has been able to quantify exactly how much of the world’s assets are currently hidden—until now. Gabriel Zucman is the first economist to offer reliable insight into the actual extent of the world’s money held in tax havens. And it’s staggering. In The Hidden Wealth of Nations, Zucman offers an inventive and sophisticated approach to quantifying how big the problem is, how tax havens work and are organized, and how we can begin to approach a solution. His research reveals that tax havens are a quickly growing danger to the world economy. In the past five years, the amount of wealth in tax havens has increased over 25%—there has never been as much money held offshore as there is today. This hidden wealth accounts for at least $7.6 trillion, equivalent to 8% of the global financial assets of households. Fighting the notion that any attempts to vanquish tax havens are futile, since some countries will always offer more advantageous tax rates than others, as well the counter-argument that since the financial crisis tax havens have disappeared, Zucman shows how both sides are actually very wrong. In The Hidden Wealth of Nations he offers an ambitious agenda for reform, focused on ways in which countries can change the incentives of tax havens. Only by first understanding the enormity of the secret wealth can we begin to estimate the kind of actions that would force tax havens to give up their practices. Zucman’s work has quickly become the gold standard for quantifying the amount of the world’s assets held in havens. In this concise book, he lays out in approachable language how the international banking system works and the dangerous extent to which the large-scale evasion of taxes is undermining the global market as a whole. If we are to find a way to solve the problem of increasing inequality, The Hidden Wealth of Nations is essential reading.

The Economics of Tax Avoidance and Evasion

Download The Economics of Tax Avoidance and Evasion PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781785367441
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (674 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The Economics of Tax Avoidance and Evasion by : Dhammika Dharmapala

Download or read book The Economics of Tax Avoidance and Evasion written by Dhammika Dharmapala and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tax compliance issues enjoy an unprecedented degree of public attention today and are of great importance to governments and policymaking. This single volume provides an overview of some of the most significant contributions to the economic analysis of tax avoidance and evasion and also sheds light on broader questions of social organization, behaviour, and compliance with the law. With an original introduction by the editor, this insightful book provides researchers and students with a guide to the fundamental intellectual developments that have shaped the economic understanding of tax avoidance and evasion, along with a framework for placing these contributions in their intellectual context.

Global Tax Fairness

Download Global Tax Fairness PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019103861X
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Global Tax Fairness by : Thomas Pogge

Download or read book Global Tax Fairness written by Thomas Pogge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses sixteen different reform proposals that are urgently needed to correct the fault lines in the international tax system as it exists today, and which deprive both developing and developed countries of critical tax resources. It offers clear and concrete ideas on how the reforms can be achieved and why they are important for a more just and equitable global system to prevail. The key to reducing the tax gap and consequent human rights deficit in poor countries is global financial transparency. Such transparency is essential to curbing illicit financial flows that drain less developed countries of capital and tax revenues, and are an impediment to sustainable development. A major break-through for financial transparency is now within reach. The policy reforms outlined in this book not only advance tax justice but also protect human rights by curtailing illegal activity and making available more resources for development. While the reforms are realistic they require both political and an informed and engaged civil society that can put pressure on governments and policy makers to act.