Optical Cavities For Optical Atomic Clocks Atom Interferometry And Gravitational Wave Detection

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Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection

Author : Miguel Dovale Álvarez
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 303020863X
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection by : Miguel Dovale Álvarez

Download or read book Optical Cavities for Optical Atomic Clocks, Atom Interferometry and Gravitational-Wave Detection written by Miguel Dovale Álvarez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-10 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Devised at the beginning of the 20th century by french physicists Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot, the Fabry-Perot optical cavity is perhaps the most deceptively simple setup in optics, and today a key resource in many areas of science and technology. This thesis delves deeply into the applications of optical cavities in a variety of contexts: from LIGO’s 4-km-long interferometer arms that are allowing us to observe the universe in a new way by measuring gravitational waves, to the atomic clocks used to realise time with unprecedented accuracy which will soon lead to a redefinition of the second, and the matterwave interferometers that are enabling us to test and measure gravity in a new scale. The work presented accounts for the elegance and versatility of this setup, which today underpins much of the progress in the frontier of atomic and gravitational experimental physics.

Applications of Long Storage Time Optical Cavities

Author : Tomoki Isogai
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Long Storage Time Optical Cavities by : Tomoki Isogai

Download or read book Applications of Long Storage Time Optical Cavities written by Tomoki Isogai and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical precision measurements have become one of the most important tools in physics to test the fundamental laws and to probe the universe around us. Often such experiments require high finesse cavities, and optical loss in these cavities is a critical parameter. In particular, for those cavities that deal with quantum systems, minimizing the cavity loss is crucial because any loss can easily degrade the fragile quantum states. One such example is a quantum noise filter cavity for gravitational wave (GW) detectors, where an optical cavity is necessary for producing frequency-dependent squeezed states of light to improve the sensitivity over their broad audioband frequency [1]. To test the feasibility of quantum noise filter cavities for GW detectors, we characterized the optical loss of state-of-the-art mirrors using a 2 m long high-finesse cavity. Using multiple loss measurement techniques, we studied loss dependence on laser beam sizes and positions. Within the 1 to 3 mm beam spot size we measured, we found that the mirror loss is almost constant at around 5 ppm, and that the loss depends more on the beam position on the mirror than on the beam size 121. While intra-cavity optical loss is one of the key parameters informing the design of quantum noise filter cavities, we also need to account for other quantum noise degradation mechanisms such as the phase noise, losses outside of the cavity, and mode-matching. We developed an analytical model of frequency-dependent squeezing with a quantum noise filter cavity to explore the practical degradation mechanisms in detail 131. Finally, by coupling a squeezed light source to the 2 m long high-finesse cavity, we demonstrated frequency-dependent squeezed states where 6 dB of squeezing in the squeezed quadrature was rotated by 90 degrees in the audio frequency band 141. The techniques used are directly applicable to squeezed light sources for GW detectors, and the measurements validated the model. The loss measurement results, the analytical model, and this demonstration, are now the basis for the design of a realistic quantum noise filter cavity for use in GW detectors in the near future to improve their sensitivity.

Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications

Author : Chunlei Guo
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100029692X
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications by : Chunlei Guo

Download or read book Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications written by Chunlei Guo and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive handbook gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser technologies, including the complete range of their technical applications. This forth volume covers laser applications in the medical, metrology and communications fields. Key Features: • Offers a complete update of the original, bestselling work, including many brand-new chapters. • Deepens the introduction to fundamentals, from laser design and fabrication to host matrices for solid-state lasers, energy level diagrams, hosting materials, dopant energy levels, and lasers based on nonlinear effects. • Covers new laser types, including quantum cascade lasers, silicon-based lasers, titanium sapphire lasers, terahertz lasers, bismuth-doped fiber lasers, and diode-pumped alkali lasers. • Discusses the latest applications, e.g., lasers in microscopy, high-speed imaging, attosecond metrology, 3D printing, optical atomic clocks, time-resolved spectroscopy, polarization and profile measurements, pulse measurements, and laser-induced fluorescence detection. • Adds new sections on laser materials processing, laser spectroscopy, lasers in imaging, lasers in environmental sciences, and lasers in communications. This handbook is the ideal companion for scientists, engineers, and students working with lasers, including those in optics, electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedicine, and other relevant areas.

Laser Physics at the Limits

Author : Hartmut Figger
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662048973
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Laser Physics at the Limits by : Hartmut Figger

Download or read book Laser Physics at the Limits written by Hartmut Figger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published on the occasion of Theodor Hänsch's 60th Birthday emphasis is placed on precision related to results in a variety of fields, such as atomic clocks, frequency standards, and the measurement of physical constants in atomic physics. Furthermore, illustrations and engineering applications of the fundamentals of quantum mechanics are widely covered. It has contributions by Nobel prize winners Norman F. Ramsey, Steven Chu, and Carl E. Wieman.

Manipulating Quantum Systems

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309499542
Total Pages : 315 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Manipulating Quantum Systems by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Manipulating Quantum Systems written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-09-14 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of atomic, molecular, and optical (AMO) science underpins many technologies and continues to progress at an exciting pace for both scientific discoveries and technological innovations. AMO physics studies the fundamental building blocks of functioning matter to help advance the understanding of the universe. It is a foundational discipline within the physical sciences, relating to atoms and their constituents, to molecules, and to light at the quantum level. AMO physics combines fundamental research with practical application, coupling fundamental scientific discovery to rapidly evolving technological advances, innovation and commercialization. Due to the wide-reaching intellectual, societal, and economical impact of AMO, it is important to review recent advances and future opportunities in AMO physics. Manipulating Quantum Systems: An Assessment of Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics in the United States assesses opportunities in AMO science and technology over the coming decade. Key topics in this report include tools made of light; emerging phenomena from few- to many-body systems; the foundations of quantum information science and technologies; quantum dynamics in the time and frequency domains; precision and the nature of the universe, and the broader impact of AMO science.

Optical Development for Second and Third Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors

Author : Massimo Granata
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Optical Development for Second and Third Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors by : Massimo Granata

Download or read book Optical Development for Second and Third Generation Gravitational Wave Detectors written by Massimo Granata and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of space-time which might be detected with a Fabry-Perot Michelson interferometer. Several interferometers are presently operating: LIGO, Virgo, GEO. These instruments almost reached the design sensitivity and completed several observational runs. No detection is reported, but the data have been used to constraint the emission of astrophysical sources in the nearby Universe. Advanced Virgo, Advanced LIGO and LCGT are projects to increase the sensitivity of initial detectors by an order of magnitude, allowing the first direct detection. Their construction is presently ongoing. In the meanwhile, the project of a detector (Einstein Telescope) of higher sensitivity is under study. The sensitivity of future detectors will be limited by mirror thermal noise. In this thesis, two topics related to the reduction of this noise are presented. The first topic is the optical design of stable recycling cavities for Advanced Virgo. Their main features are presented, and the motivations for their implementation are discussed. A process for their optical design is established, and several layouts are drawn. A final configuration is retained, and its optical performances are discussed. The second topic concerns the use of higher-order Laguerre-Gauss laser modes. After a brief introduction about these modes, the results of a table-top experiment to test the generation of an LG33 mode with a diffractive plate and a Fabry-Perot cavity are presented. The mode is used in a Michelson interferometer, to demonstrate the ability of interferometric measurements with non-Gaussian beams. The implementation of these modes in future detectors is discussed.

Exploring the Quantum

Author : Serge Haroche
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191523240
Total Pages : 616 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Quantum by : Serge Haroche

Download or read book Exploring the Quantum written by Serge Haroche and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-08-11 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The counter-intuitive aspects of quantum physics have been long illustrated by thought experiments, from Einstein's photon box to Schrödinger's cat. These experiments have now become real, with single particles - electrons, atoms, or photons - directly unveiling the strange features of the quantum. State superpositions, entanglement and complementarity define a novel quantum logic which can be harnessed for information processing, raising great hopes for applications. This book describes a class of such thought experiments made real. Juggling with atoms and photons confined in cavities, ions or cold atoms in traps, is here an incentive to shed a new light on the basic concepts of quantum physics. Measurement processes and decoherence at the quantum-classical boundary are highlighted. This volume, which combines theory and experiments, will be of interest to students in quantum physics, teachers seeking illustrations for their lectures and new problem sets, researchers in quantum optics and quantum information.

Ultra-high-q Optical Microcavities

Author : Yun-feng Xiao
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981456608X
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultra-high-q Optical Microcavities by : Yun-feng Xiao

Download or read book Ultra-high-q Optical Microcavities written by Yun-feng Xiao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confinement and manipulation of photons using microcavities have triggered intense research interest in both basic and applied physics for more than a decade. Prominent examples are whispering gallery microcavities which confine photons by means of continuous total internal reflection along a curved and smooth surface. The long photon lifetime, strong field confinement, and in-plane emission characteristics make them promising candidates for enhancing light-matter interactions on a chip. In this book, we will introduce different ultra-high-Q whispering gallery microcavities, and focus on their applications in enhancing light-matter interaction, such as ultralow-threshold microlasing, highly sensitive optical biosensing, nonlinear optics, cavity quantum electrodynamics and cavity optomechanics.

Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications

Author : Jun Ye
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387237917
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications by : Jun Ye

Download or read book Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications written by Jun Ye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, there has been a convergence between the fields of ultrafast science, nonlinear optics, optical frequency metrology, and precision laser spectroscopy. These fields have been developing largely independently since the birth of the laser, reaching remarkable levels of performance. On the ultrafast frontier, pulses of only a few cycles long have been produced, while in optical spectroscopy, the precision and resolution have reached one part in Although these two achievements appear to be completely disconnected, advances in nonlinear optics provided the essential link between them. The resulting convergence has enabled unprecedented advances in the control of the electric field of the pulses produced by femtosecond mode-locked lasers. The corresponding spectrum consists of a comb of sharp spectral lines with well-defined frequencies. These new techniques and capabilities are generally known as “femtosecond comb technology. ” They have had dramatic impact on the diverse fields of precision measurement and extreme nonlinear optical physics. The historical background for these developments is provided in the Foreword by two of the pioneers of laser spectroscopy, John Hall and Theodor Hänsch. Indeed the developments described in this book were foreshadowed by Hänsch’s early work in the 1970s when he used picosecond pulses to demonstrate the connection between the time and frequency domains in laser spectroscopy. This work complemented the advances in precision laser stabilization developed by Hall.

Cavity Optomechanics

Author : Markus Aspelmeyer
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783642553134
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (531 download)

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Book Synopsis Cavity Optomechanics by : Markus Aspelmeyer

Download or read book Cavity Optomechanics written by Markus Aspelmeyer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-09 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last few years cavity-optomechanics has emerged as a new field of research. This highly interdisciplinary field studies the interaction between micro and nano mechanical systems and light. Possible applications range from novel high-bandwidth mechanical sensing devices through the generation of squeezed optical or mechanical states to even tests of quantum theory itself. This is one of the first books in this relatively young field. It is aimed at scientists, engineers and students who want to obtain a concise introduction to the state of the art in the field of cavity optomechanics. It is valuable to researchers in nano science, quantum optics, quantum information, gravitational wave detection and other cutting edge fields. Possible applications include biological sensing, frequency comb applications, silicon photonics etc. The technical content will be accessible to those who have familiarity with basic undergraduate physics.

Galileo Unbound

Author : David D. Nolte
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192528505
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Galileo Unbound by : David D. Nolte

Download or read book Galileo Unbound written by David D. Nolte and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galileo Unbound traces the journey that brought us from Galileo's law of free fall to today's geneticists measuring evolutionary drift, entangled quantum particles moving among many worlds, and our lives as trajectories traversing a health space with thousands of dimensions. Remarkably, common themes persist that predict the evolution of species as readily as the orbits of planets or the collapse of stars into black holes. This book tells the history of spaces of expanding dimension and increasing abstraction and how they continue today to give new insight into the physics of complex systems. Galileo published the first modern law of motion, the Law of Fall, that was ideal and simple, laying the foundation upon which Newton built the first theory of dynamics. Early in the twentieth century, geometry became the cause of motion rather than the result when Einstein envisioned the fabric of space-time warped by mass and energy, forcing light rays to bend past the Sun. Possibly more radical was Feynman's dilemma of quantum particles taking all paths at once — setting the stage for the modern fields of quantum field theory and quantum computing. Yet as concepts of motion have evolved, one thing has remained constant, the need to track ever more complex changes and to capture their essence, to find patterns in the chaos as we try to predict and control our world.

Optical and Noise Studies for Advanced Virgo and Filter Cavities for Quantum Noise Reduction in Gravitational-wave Interferometric Detectors

Download Optical and Noise Studies for Advanced Virgo and Filter Cavities for Quantum Noise Reduction in Gravitational-wave Interferometric Detectors PDF Online Free

Author : Eleonora Capocasa
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Optical and Noise Studies for Advanced Virgo and Filter Cavities for Quantum Noise Reduction in Gravitational-wave Interferometric Detectors by : Eleonora Capocasa

Download or read book Optical and Noise Studies for Advanced Virgo and Filter Cavities for Quantum Noise Reduction in Gravitational-wave Interferometric Detectors written by Eleonora Capocasa and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravitational wave astronomy has started in September 2015 with the first detection of a binary black-hole merger by LIGO. Since then, several black-hole mergers and a binary neutron star merger have been observed. Advanced Virgo joined the two LIGO detector in the observation run, in August 2017, highly increasing the localization capabilities of the network. In order to fully exploit the scientific potential of this new-born field, a huge experimental effort is needed to bring the instruments at their design sensitivity and to further improve them. This thesis, developed in this context, it is composed of two parts. The first is about Advanced Virgo: we have developed an automatic noise budget for the laser frequency noise and we have performed optical characterization measurements for the kilometric arm cavities. Round trip Losses as low as 80 ppm have been measured. They are among the lowest ever measured for beams of these size. The second part is about the design and development of a 300 m filter cavity, a prototype to demonstrate the frequency dependent squeezing production with properties needed for a broadband quantum noise reduction in the future upgrades of KAGRA, Advanced Virgo and Advanced LIGO. We have contributed to the design and integration phases of the project. We have first made the optical design of the cavity, including the the specifications for the main cavity optics and a detailed estimation of the squeezing degradation sources. We have then developed a local control system for the mirrors, assembled the suspensions, and finally aligned and brought the cavity in resonance with the laser light.

Atom Interferometry

Author : G.M. Tino
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 161499448X
Total Pages : 807 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis Atom Interferometry by : G.M. Tino

Download or read book Atom Interferometry written by G.M. Tino and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-10-16 with total page 807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since atom interferometers were first realized about 20 years ago, atom interferometry has had many applications in basic and applied science, and has been used to measure gravity acceleration, rotations and fundamental physical quantities with unprecedented precision. Future applications range from tests of general relativity to the development of next-generation inertial navigation systems. This book presents the lectures and notes from the Enrico Fermi school "Atom Interferometry", held in Varenna, Italy, in July 2013. The aim of the school was to cover basic experimental and theoretical aspects and to provide an updated review of current activities in the field as well as main achievements, open issues and future prospects. Topics covered include theoretical background and experimental schemes for atom interferometry; ultracold atoms and atom optics; comparison of atom, light, electron and neutron interferometers and their applications; high precision measurements with atom interferometry and their application to tests of fundamental physics, gravitation, inertial measurements and geophysics; measurement of fundamental constants; interferometry with quantum degenerate gases; matter wave interferometry beyond classical limits; large area interferometers; atom interferometry on chips; and interferometry with molecules. The book will be a valuable source of reference for students, newcomers and experts in the field of atom interferometry.

Relativistic Geodesy

Author : Dirk Puetzfeld
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030115003
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Relativistic Geodesy by : Dirk Puetzfeld

Download or read book Relativistic Geodesy written by Dirk Puetzfeld and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-09 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to steadily improving experimental accuracy, relativistic concepts – based on Einstein’s theory of Special and General Relativity – are playing an increasingly important role in modern geodesy. This book offers an introduction to the emerging field of relativistic geodesy, and covers topics ranging from the description of clocks and test bodies, to time and frequency measurements, to current and future observations. Emphasis is placed on geodetically relevant definitions and fundamental methods in the context of Einstein’s theory (e.g. the role of observers, use of clocks, definition of reference systems and the geoid, use of relativistic approximation schemes). Further, the applications discussed range from chronometric and gradiometric determinations of the gravitational field, to the latest (satellite) experiments. The impact of choices made at a fundamental theoretical level on the interpretation of measurements and the planning of future experiments is also highlighted. Providing an up-to-the-minute status report on the respective topics discussed, the book will not only benefit experts, but will also serve as a guide for students with a background in either geodesy or gravitational physics who are interested in entering and exploring this emerging field.

Quantum Optomechanics

Author : Warwick P. Bowen
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482259168
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantum Optomechanics by : Warwick P. Bowen

Download or read book Quantum Optomechanics written by Warwick P. Bowen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-11-18 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading experimentalist Warwick P. Bowen and prominent theoretician Gerard J. Milburn, Quantum Optomechanics discusses modern developments in this novel field from experimental and theoretical standpoints. The authors share their insight on a range of important topics, including optomechanical cooling and entanglement; quantum limits on

Cold Chemistry

Author : Olivier Dulieu
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1788013557
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Cold Chemistry by : Olivier Dulieu

Download or read book Cold Chemistry written by Olivier Dulieu and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen tremendous progress in research on cold and controlled molecular collisions, both in theory and in experiment. The advent of techniques to prepare cold and ultracold molecules and ions, to store them in optical lattices or in charged quasicristalline structures, and to use them in crossed or merged beam experiments have opened many new possibilities to study the most fundamental aspects of molecular interactions. At the same time, theoretical work has made progress in tackling these problems and accurately describing quantum effects in complex systems, and in proposing viable options to control chemical reactions at ultralow energies. Through tutorials on both the theoretical and experimental aspects of research in cold and ultracold molecular collisions, this book provides advanced undergraduate students, graduate students and researchers with the foundations needed to understand this exciting field.

Frequency Standards

Author : Fritz Riehle
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527605959
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Frequency Standards by : Fritz Riehle

Download or read book Frequency Standards written by Fritz Riehle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all measurement units, frequency is the one that may be determined with the highest degree of accuracy. It equally allows precise measurements of other physical and technical quantities, whenever they can be measured in terms of frequency. This volume covers the central methods and techniques relevant for frequency standards developed in physics, electronics, quantum electronics, and statistics. After a review of the basic principles, the book looks at the realisation of commonly used components. It then continues with the description and characterisation of important frequency standards from atomic clocks, to frequency stabilised lasers. The whole is rounded of with a discussion of topical applications in engineering, telecommunications, and metrology.